6-3 opium, morphine & heroin.pdf

8/11/2019 6-3 Opium, Morphine & Heroin.pdf

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Used since ancient times

Opium

Medicinal properties

Painkiller


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Obtained from seedheads of the poppypapaver somniferum

Opium

Seed head of opium


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Seed heads are scored

Opium

Latex

Dried latex Opium

Seed head of opium


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Paracelsus

Opium

Opium extract in alcoho

Laudanum

Medicinal use

Major illegal producer Afghanistan


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Opium

Morphine

Active componentof opium

MorphineStill clinically usedas a painkiller


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Opium

Major legal producer Tasmania

Uses Gastrointestinal problems


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Opium

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Xanadu

Samue

Colerid

Written under theinfluence of opium


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Opium

"This fragment with a good deal morerecoverable, composed, in a sort of Rebrought on by two grains of Opium takecheck a dysentery, at a Farm House betw

Porlock and Linton, a quarter of a mile Culbone Church, in the fall of the year, 17

Samuel Taylor Coleridge


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Opium

Still used in medicines


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Opium

Inspired composers


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Opium

SymphonieFantastique

Hector


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Opium

Inspired composers

Caused wars Two opium wars betwethe British and the Chin


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Battle of the Palikia

Second Opium Wa

Opium

Two opium warsbetween the Britishand the Chinese

1839-1842

1856-1860


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Opium

Inspired composers

Caused wars Two opium wars betwethe British and the Chin

Affected the Second World War


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Opium

Hermann Goering

Hermann G

Head of the Germanair force during WW2

Morphine addict


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Trio

Opium

Morphine

Heroin

Active ingredient in crude material

Crude material from plant

What is heroin?


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Semi-synthetic

Heroin

Invented by Bayer Co.

Diacetylmorphine

More potent than morphine


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Banned in many countries

Heroin

In a few countries May still be usedmedicinally

Doctor prescriptio


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Serial killer

Harold Shipman

Murdered old ladies

Administered lethal

doses of heroin

No investigationuntil he forged a will


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Diacetylmo

or diamorpMorphine

How heroin works

Acetic anhydride


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How heroin works

Heroin Impure

Diacetylmorphine / diamorphin

Acetic anhydride

Controlled in many Asian countries

Pure


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How heroin works

How does diamorphine work?

Why is it much more effective than morphin


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Diamorphi

Diamorphine / diamorphine

Morphine derivatization

Acetyl groups are rapidlymetabolized to morphine

Faster transportof the molecule


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Faster transport to the brain

Rapid metabolization to morphine

Higher concentration in a shorter time

Diamorphine not detected in blood / u

Diamorphine / diamorphine


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Etorpine

Very powerfultranquilizer

Morphine analogs


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Etorpine

Very powerfultranquilizer

Morphine analogs


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Heroin

Morphine

Codeine

Related compounds

Thebaine

Acetyl codein


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Heroin

Unrelated compounds Papaverine

Noscapine

Cutting agents Sugar

Caffeine

Barbiturates


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Heroin

GC or HPLC

Analysis of impurities

Show if two samples camefrom the same source

6-3 opium, morphine & heroin.pdf

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