5|`gm vg[ vfw]lgs p5fimc · 2013-12-30 · 5xwg lglzÙsm df8[ — v:sf0 ˆ v\tu"t —— ufi v...
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Z5 S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ 5X] 5|HGG ;FZJFZDF\ J5ZFTF ;FWGMGL HF/J6L
0MP S[P ALP JF/F )&
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
8
EFZTDF\ B[TL VG[ 5X]5F,G V[S ALHF 5Z VFWFZLT jIJ;FI K[P VF A\gG[ jIJ;FI ,MSMGL VFCFZ
jIJ:YF HF/JJFDF\ VlT DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P EFZTLI 0[ZL pnMUGF V[S ;J["1F6 D]HA EFZT N[X
lJ`JDF\ ;[MYL JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG SZTM N[X K[P N]lGIFGF S], N]W pt5FNGDF\ EFZTGM OF/M !* @ K[P
5X]5F,G 1F[+[ V[ DG]QI VFCFZ jIJ:YFDF\ 5X] 5|M8LG §FZF 5MQF6 5]~ TM 5F0[ H K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ T[ N[XGF
UFD0FDF\ ZC[TF HDLG lJCM6F GFGF TYF ;LDF\T 5X]5F,SMG[ U|FdI S1FFV[ JWFZFGL VFJS T[DH ZMHUFZL
5]ZL 5F0JFDF\ DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P K[<,F A[ N;SFDF\ 5X]5F,G 1F[+ §FZF ZFQ8=LI HLP0LP5LP DF\ $P(v&P5
@ H[8,]\ IMUNFG VF5JFDF\ VFjI] K[P 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ V[ N[XDF\ RF,TL ;\S,LT S'lQF lJQFIS 5|J'lTVMDF\ V[S
DCtJG]\ 38S K[P 5X]5[NFXMGL DF\UDF\ JWFZM TYF VFJGFZ 5[-LGL AN,FTL VFCFZ 5|6F,LG[ HMTF V[J] ,FUL
ZCI] K[ S[ 5X]5F,G 1F[+G[ VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ T[GL SFDULZLDF\ J'wWL SZJL H 50X[P
N]lGIFDF\ JQF"vZ_5_ ;]WL DG]QI VFCFZGL H~ZLIFT ,UEU AD6L YJFGL XSITF K[P V[S ;J["
VG];FZ Z_!5v!&DF\ EFZT[ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG !!ZP5 DL,LIG 8GYL JWFZL !#5 DL,LIG 8G SZJFGL
H~ZLIFT pEL YX[P VFHGL 5lZl:YTL 5|DF6[ ;\SZ UFIM4 N[XL UFIM4 E[\;M VG[ ASZLG]\ S|DXo N]W pt5FNGDF\
EFULNFZL ZZP(&4 Z_PZ54 5#P#* VG[ #P5Z @ H[8,L K[P ZMHL\N] N[XL UFIMG\] N]W pt5FNGsZP!lSPU|FPf
;\SZ UFIMG]\ s&P) lSPU|FPf VG[ E[;MG]\ N]W pt5FNG s$P& lSPU|FPf K[P 5X]WGGL ;\bIF D]HA EFZTDF\ 5#_
DL,LIG 5X]WG K[4 H[DF\ !))P_( DL,LIG UFI4 !_5P#$ DL,LIG E[\;M4 *!P5 DL,LIG 3[8F4!$_P5
DL,LIG ASZF4!!P#_ DL,LIG E]\04 _P&! DL,LIG 3M0F VG[ BrRZ4 _P5* DL,LIG UW[0F4 _P5Z
DL,LIG µ\84 _P_( DL,LIG IFS4 _PZ& DL,LIG DLY]G VG[ $() DL,LIG DZ3F K[P EFZT N[X e[\F;MGL
J:TLDF\ 5|YD4 UFIM VG[ ASZFDF\ ALH]4 3[8FDF\ +LH] VG[ DZ3F 5F,GDF\ 5F\RD] :YFG N]lGIFGF 5X]GL T[DH
DZ3FGL ;\bIFDF\ WZFJ[ K[P JQF"v!)5!DF\ EFZTG]\ 5X]WG Z)ZP( DL,LIGYL JWLG[ JQF"vZ__*DF\ 5#_
DL,LIG V[8,[ S[ ;TT !P_& @GF JWFZF ;FY[ p¿ZM p¿Z JWT] ZCI] K[P lNJ;[ lNJ;[ DG]QIGL J:FTL JWTL
HFI K[P ;FY[ ;FY[ B[TL ,FIS HDLGDF\ 38F0M YJFG[ SFZ6[ B[TL 5FSMGL pt5FNG 1FDTF DF\ 38F0M HMJF D/[
K[P VFD VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ 5X]5F,G V[ DFGJ J:TLGF 5MQF6 VG[ ZMHUFZL 5]ZL 5F0JF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 1F[+
;FlAT YX[ T[DF SM. X\SF GYLP p5ZMST 5X]WGGL ;\bIF VG[ N]W pt5FNG HMTF VF56[ VF56F 5X]WGGM
5]Z[ 5]ZM N]W pt5FNG DF8[ p5IMU SZL XSIF GYLP
HM J{7FlGS ZLT[ 5X] ;\J"WG4 5|HGG4 5X]jIJ:YF5G VG[ 5X]GL IMuI ;FZJFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM
p5ZMST N]W pt5FNGDF\ VF56[ JWFZM SZL XSLV[P EFZTDF\ UFIMGL #_ HFTM H[DF\ D]bI ZF9L4 ULZ4 SF\SZ[H4
YZ5FSZ4 ;FCLJF,4 N[VMGL4 C[,LSZ4 CZLIF6F4 E[\;MGL !_ HFTM H[DF\ D]bI D]ZFC4 DC[;F6L4 HFOZFAFNL
5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ 5X] 5|HGGG]\ DCtJ
0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ VG[ 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4
5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
9
VG[ ;]ZTL K[P VF p5ZF\T VF56F N[XDF\ SM. 56 HFTLGF AWF H U]6M G WZFJTL UFIM VG[ E[\;MGL ;\bIF
JWFZ[ K[P VG[ T[G]\ N]W pt5FNG V;, HFTMGL ;F5[1FDF\ GlCJT H[J] K[4 HM VFJF VMKF VFG]J\XLS U]6M
WZFJTF 5X]VMG[ S'l+D ALHNFG §FZF SJZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[ VFJGFZ ;DIDF\ VM,FN ;]WFZ6F ;FY[
JWFZ[ N]W pt5FNG SZL XSLV[P
5X] 5|HGG V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG HF/JL 5X]5F,G 1F[+[ GOFSFZTF JWFZJF DF8[ DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P
5X] 5|HGG V[8,[ S[ A[ lJZ]wW HFTL WZFJTF 5|F6LVM JrR[GL ;\JwF"Gq;DFUD lS|IF 5Z\T] HLJlJ7FGGL
EFQFFDF\ VF V[S V[JL 5lS|IF K[ S[ H[ DFTFl5TFGF VFG]J\XLS U]6M ;\TlTDF\ V0WF V0WF JC[\R[ K[P VFD HMJF
H.V[ TM DG]QIGL H~ZLIFTGL 5X]5[NFXM H[JL S[ N]W4 .\0F4 DF\; VG[ VgI H~ZL 5X] VFWFZLT VFCFZ V[
5X] 5|HGG §FZF H D[/JL XSFI K[P 5X]G]\ N]W pt5FNG NZ JQF[" HF/JL ZFBJF DF8[ DFNF V\05L\0DF\YL .\0FG]\
lJDMRG NZ JBT[ H~ZL K[PHIFZ[ DF\; pt5FNG DF8[ JQF"[ JQF[" GJF ArRFGM HgD YFI TM H DF\; pt5FNG
JWFZL XSFIP pG pt5FNG TYF EFZ ;CG SZJFGL 1FDTF DF8[GF H~ZL 5X]WG 56 5X]5|HGG §FZFH D[/JL
XSFI K[P XZLZ lJ7FG VG[ UE" lJ7FGDF\ ;\XMWGV[ 5X] 5|HGG JWFZJF DF8[ V[S VFWFZE]T 8[SGM,MHL K[P
VF56F 5X]VM lGIDLT ZLT[ kT]SF/DF\ VFJ[4 ;Z/TFYL ;UEF" AG[ VG[ SM.56 5|SFZGL D]xS[,L lJGF
T\N]Z:T ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ T[ NZ[S 5X]5F,S EF.VM DF8[ VFlY"S §lQ8V[ VFNX" VG[ OFINFSFZS l:YlT SCL
XSFI 5Z\T] CSLSTDF\ VF VFNX" l:YlT VG[ T[GF OFINFVM ;\5]6" 56[ ,. XSTF GYLPVF56F 5X]VMDF\ VD]S
8SF 5X]VM kT]SF/GM VEFJ NXF"J[ K[4 JF\ZJF\Z pY,F DFZTF CMI K[4 5|FZ\lES UE" G]S;FG4 O,LGLSZ6GL
ALDFZLVM4 J\wItJGF 5|`GM4 DIF"lNT SFD[rKF4 JLI"GL UEF"WFG DF8[ VMKL 1FDTF4 JLIF6 AFN kT]SF/ DF8[
JWFZ[ ;DI4 UEF"XIGM R[54 ;MHM4 D[,L G 50JFGL ALDFZL4 SQ8NFIS 5|;]TL4 5]9] ATFJJFGL ALDFZL4
UE"5FT H[JL n6L ALDFZLVMYL 5L0FI K[ H[GF 5ZL6FD[ 5X]5F,S lD+MG[ B]A H G]SXFG J[9J] \ 50[ K[P
p5ZMST ;D:IFVMG[ ,LW[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/M JWL HFI K[ 5X]G[ ;FZJFZ SZFJJFGM BR" YFI T¡p5ZF\T
N]W pt5FNG HM.V[ T[8,] D/T] GYL VG[ OZLYL 5X]G[ AF\WJFG]\ YFI tIFZ[ TS,LO 50[ K[P
GOFSFZS 0[ZL OFD" DF8[ V[OPV[PVMP D]HA 5X]GL 5]bITF p\DZq5|YD ;\J"WGGL p\DZv!( DlCGF4
5|YD lJIF6GL pD\Zv#_ DCLGF YL GLR[4 lJEFJGF 8SFJFZLqC0"v&5v*_ @4 5|lT UE"WFG S]l+D
JLI"NFGGL ;\bIFv!P# YL !P$4 A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/Mv!Z YL !# DCLGF4 UE"WFG 8SFJFZLqC0"v(_ @4
lJIF6 NZv*5 @4 lJEFJGFsSg;5;Gf YL lJIF6GM ;DIv&_ YL )_ lNJ;4 J\wItJ ;D:IFv!_ @ YL
VMKL4 UE"5FTGL 8SFJFZL # @ YL VMKL CMJL H~ZL K[P V[S ;J"[1F6 D]HA I]PV[;PV[PDF\ S]l+D ALHNFG
VG[ ;\TTL 5ZL1F6GF ;CLIFZF 5|IF;YLUFI NL9 N]W pt5FNGDF\ Z&5 @ H[8,M JWFZM D[/JL XSFIM K[P
CF,DF\ G[XG, 0[ZL 0[J,5D[g8 AM0" §FZF J<0" A[\SGL ;CFIYL ~FP!*4___qv SZM0GF BR"[ ZFQ8=LI 0[ZL IMHGF
sV[GP0LP5LPfGL X~VFT VF56F N[XDF\ SZJFDF\ VFJL4 VF IMHGF §FZF S]l+D ALHNFG TYF ;\TTL 5ZL1F6
SFI"S|D ACM/F 5|DF6DF\N[XDF\ H]NL H]NL VM,FN ;]3FZ6F DF8[ X~ SZJFDF\ VFjIF K[P
5X]VMDF\ VFG]J\lXS JFZ;M45IF"JZ645MQF6 VG[ jIJ:YF5G V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG VG[ 5|HGG 5|EFJ
GSSL SZJF DF8[GF D]bI RFZ 5lZA/ K[P CF,GL 5lZl:YTLV[ 5X] 5|HGG 1F[+DF\ n6F X\;MWGM YIF K[P H[DF\
D]bI S}l+D ALHNFG4UE" 5|tIFZM564.GlJ8=M UEF"WFG4UE" YLHJ6L4HFTL 5lZ1F64S,MGL\U4 8=Fg;HGLS
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
10
VG[ :8[D ;[, 8[SGM,MHL H[JL ZL5|M0S8LJ AFIM8[SGM,MHLVM TYF 5X] ;FZJFZDF\ 5|lTH{lJS NJFVM4 H]NF H]NF
V\To:+FJM45X]DF\ kT]SF/ VM/BJFGL J{7FlGS 5wWlTVM TYF VgI YI[, X\;MWGM V[S,F VYJF p5ZMST
8[SGM,MHLVMGF lDz6DF\ 5X]WGGF VFG]J\lXS U]6MDF\ JWFZM SZL 5X] 5|HGG NZ JWFZIM K[4 ;FY[ ;FY[
5X]GF ;\Z1F6DF\ 56 VU|LD E]lDSF EHJL K[P S'l+D JLI"NFG 5wWlT VFBL N]lGIFDF\ 5X]GF ;\J"WG DF8[
p¿D 5wWlT ;FlAT YI[, K[P EFZTDF\ S'l+D JLI"NFGGL X~VFT !)#) YL SZJFDF\ VFJL VG[ !)5Z GF SL
JL,[H :SLD §FZF UFIMGL VM,FN ;]WFZ6F DF8[ ;ZSFZzL §FZF VF 5wWlTGF p5IMU SZJF DCtJGF 5U,F
,[JFDF\ VFjIFP VF56F N[XDF\ $_4___ S'l+D JLI"NFG S[g§ §FZF $_@ 5]bT JI WZFJTF 5|HGG IMuI
5X]VMG[ S'l+D JLI"NFG §FZF ;\J"WG SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P JQF"v!))) YL Z___ GL ;F5[1FDF\ VF56[ JLI"GF
0MhGF pt5FNG ZZ DL,LIGYL JWFZL JQF"vZ__)v !_ DF\ 5_v5Z DL,LIG 0Mh SZL XSIF KLV[ S], S'l+D
ALHNFG Z_ DL,LIGYL $$ DL,LIG4 5X]DF\ UFE6 YJFGL 8SFJFZL Z_ 8SF YL JWFZL #5 8SF ;]WL ,. H.
XSIF KLV[P VF56F N[XDF\ V;ZSFZS 5X] ;]WFZ6F SFI"S|D X~ SZJF DF8[ VF56F 5X]WGDF\ ZC[, GLRF
pt5FNG WZFJTL VG[ SM.56 HFTGF VFG]J\lXS U]6M G WZFJTL 5X]VMGL DM8L ;\bIF D]xS[, ~5 K[ VG[ VF
5X]GL VMKL ;\J"WG SFI"1FDTFG[ SFZ6[ A[ JLIF6 JrR[GM UF/M ;TT JWFZ[ HMJF D/[ K[ ;FY[ ;FY[ N]WF/
lNJ;M 56 VMKF CMJFG[ ,LW[ N[XGF N]W pt5FNG 5Z DF9L V;Z HMJF D/[ K[P 5X] VM,FN ;]WFZ6FDF\
5X]J\wItJV[ 5X]5F,G W\WFGL VFJSG[ V;Z SZT] DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P
VF56F N[XDF\ ;M[{ 5|YD UFIM VG[ E[\;MDF\ E'6 5|tIFZM56 8[SGM,MHL §FZF JFKZ0Fq5F0LGM HgD
!)(( DF\ YIM CTMP VFHGL 5lZl:YTLDF\ N[XGL 36L ;\XMWG SZTL ;\:YFVM VG[ I]lGJl;"8LVM CJ[ ;lS|I
ZLT[ UE" AFIM8[SGM,MHLG[ ,UTF lJlJW 5F;FVMGF ;\XMWGM VG[ pt5FNG ;FY[ ;\S/FI[,L K[P TFZLB !(
DFR"vZ_!#GF ZMH ZFQ8=LI 0[ZL ;\XMWG S[g§ BFT[ C[g0 UF.0[0 S,MGL\U 5wWlT §FZF :JF"G GFDGF S,MG
5F0FGM HgD YIM VF5C[,F 56 VF ;\:YF §FZF ZL5|M0S8LJ AFIM8[SGM,MHLGF p5IMUYL CM,L4 z[Q9 GFDGF
JFKZ0Fq5F0LGM HgD YI[, K[ VG[ VFZLT[ HgD[, JFKZ0Fq5F0LGL T\N]Z:TL 56 ;FZL K[ VG[ VF 8[SGM,MHL
§FZF HgD[, 5X]GF :JF:Y VG[ 5|HGG 1FDTF 5Z VFGL SM. VF0 V;Z HMJF D/TL GYLP
VFD p5ZMST AFATM HMTF 5X] 5|HGG V[ 5X]WG pt5FNG TYF VF56F N[XGF ;M{YL lJSF;XL,
1F[+DF\G] V[S 1F[+ 0[ZL pnMUGF lJSF; DF8[ 5|tI1F S[ 5ZM1F ZLT[ VTL DCtJG]\ 5ZLA/ K[P 5X]GL O/§]5TFDF\
;]WFZM VG[ 5X]GF HLJG NZdIFG SFI"1FDTF ;]WFZM SZJM V[ GOFSFZS 0[ZL pnMU DF8[ B]A H H~ZL K[P HM
5X];J"WG45X]5F,G VG[ 5X] ;FZJFZGL J{7FlGS 5wWlTVM 5X]5F,SM §FZF V5GFJJFDF\ VFJ[ TM VF56[
VF56F 5X]GL O/§]5TF4 N]W pt5FNG4 VFG]J\XLS U]6MDF\ JWFZM SZL H XSLX] ;FY[ ;FY[ VF56L VD]<I
WZMCZ V[JL UFIMvE[\;MGF ;\Z1F6DF\ 56 DCtJGL E]lDSF EHJL XSLX]\P
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
11
GZ VG[ DFNF 5X]GF HGGF\UMGL ZRGF
VG[ SFIM¶ 0F[P DMC;LGBFG 59F64 0F[P ZD[X 5F0MNZF VG[ 0F[P lJJ[S l;\3
5X] XZLZlS|IF VG[ Z;FIl6S lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-
prRS1FFGF 5|F6LVMDF\ GZ VG[ DFNF 5|HGGT\+GF V\UM B}A H lEgGTF WZFJ[ K[ VG[ lJHFTLI
5|HGG HMJF D/[ K[P 5|HGGT\+G]\ D]bI ,1F 5|F6LGM J\X J[,M HF/JL ZFBJFGM K[P
GZ 5|HGGT\+
GZ 5|F6LG]\ 5|HGGT\+ D]bItJ[ sX]S|l5\0f X]S|F6]\ pt5gG SZGFZ U|\YL4 lJI"Z; pt5gG SZTL U|\YLVM
s5]~:Y U|\YL4 X]S|FXI VG[ VlWJ'QF6 U|\YLf T[DH X]S|F6]\ T[DH JLI"Z;G]\ DLz6 SZLG[ T[G[ JLI" :J~5[ DFNF
HFGJZGL IMGLDF\ NFB, SZGFZ V\UM slX`GfG]\ AG[,]\ K[P
ZRGFGL N"Q8LV[ GZ5|F6LG]\ 5|HGG T\+ +6 lJEFUMDF\ JC[\RL GFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
s!f 5|FYlDS V\UM V[8,[ S[ J'QF6 v HGG U|\lY4
sZf S[8,LS ;CFIS U|\lYVM H[JL S[ 5]Z]:Y U|\lY4X]S|FXI VG[SFp5Z U||\lY
s#f AFCI 5|HGG V\U H[J]\ S[ lX`GP
J'QF6 ov ;F\- VG[ 5F0FDF\ A[ X]S|l\5\0M s0FA] VG[ HD6]f 5FK/GF A[ 5UDF\ ;FY/GL JrR[ VFJ[,L RFD0LGL
J'QF6 SMY/LDF\ VFJ[, CMI K[P T[DGM VFSFZ ,\AUM/ CMI K[ VG[ JHG VFXZ[ #__ YL 5__ U|FD H[8,]\
CMI K[P X]Sl5\0DF\YL X]S|F6]\VMG[ D]+G/LDF\ JCG SZTL Gl,SFG[ X]S|JFlCGL SC[JFI K[ VG[ pNZU]CF TZO HTF\
X]S|JFlCGLG[ ;DF\¿Z[ X]S|WDlG4 X]S|R[TF VG[ X]S|lXZF 56 ;\dD[l,T Y. V[S H}Y AG[ K[P H[G[ ccX]S|ZHH]ccGF
;\I]ST GFDYL VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
J'QF6GF SFIM"ov X]S|l5\0GL X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ X]S|F6]VM pt5gG SZJFGL XlST ZC[,L CMI K[ X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\
ZC[,F 5|JFCLDF\ X]S|F6]VM TZLG[ J'QF6HF/GL G,LSFVMDF\ VFJ[ K[P X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ ZC[,] 5|JFCL B]AH
NAF6 T/[ pN|EJT] CMJFYL J'QF6 C\D[XF ;BT ,FU[ K[PVF p5ZF\T J'QF6GL X]S|G,LSFGVM JrR[ ZC[,F ,[0L\U
SMQFM p5Z VU|l5rI]8ZLGF <I]8LGF.hL\U V\To:+FJGL V;Z YJFYL T[DF\ V[g0=MHG VG[ 8[:8M:8LZMGG]\
;\`,[X6 YFI K[P X]S|G,LSFGVMDF\ X]S|F6]VM pt5gG SZJFGF SFI"G] lGI\+6 VU| l5rI]8ZLU|\YLGF 5]8S
J'lwW5|[ZS V\To:+FJ J0[ YFI K[P
J'QF6 D]QSov J'QF6G[ hL,L ;]Z1FLT ZFBGFZ RFD0LGF SMY/L VFSFZGF EFUG[ J'QF6D]QS SC[ K[PT[DF\ A[
J'QF6 ZC[,F\ CMI K[P;F\-G]\ J'QF6D]QS DM8L AF8,L H[JF VFSFZG\] CMI KP[J'QF6D]QSDF\ AgG[ J'QF6MG[ K]8F 5F0TM
58, CMI K[PVFYL J'QF6MG[ V[SALHFYL V0SLG[ G ZC[TF K]8F K]8F 5MT5MTFGF BFGFVMDF\ H ZC[ K[P
J'QF6D]QSGL 5FT/L RFD0L GLR[ :GFI]DI VD[N:S S\R]S CMI K[P VD[N:S l:YlT:YF5S CMI K[ VG[ T [ J'QF6GL
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
12
OZT[ VFJZ6 AGFJ[ K[PA\G[ J'QF6MG[ H]NF 5F0T]\ J'QF6D]QS 58, T[DF\YL AG[ K[P J'QF6D]QSG]\ ;[[{FYL V\NZG]\ 50
5lZJ'QF6 S\R]S TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P
J'QF6D]QSGF SFIM"ov J'QF6D]QSG]\ D]bI SFI" J'QF6GL VF;5F;GF pQ6TF5DFGG]\ lGI\+6 SZJFG]\ KP[ T[GL
lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL ZRGFG[ ,L3[ T[DF\ A3L H kT]VMDF\ J'QF6GL VF;5F;G]\ pQ6TF5DFG XZLZGF pQ6TF5DFG
SZTF\ $ YL * ;[\PU|[ H[8,]\ GLR]\ ZC[ K[PT[DF\ ZC[,F :GFI]VMGF A[ VFJZ6M ;\SMRG §JFZF J'QF6G[ H~lZIFT
5|DF6[ pNZU]CFGL GHLS ,FJLG[ J3] pQ6 AGFJ[ K[ VYJF lJ:OFZLT Y.G[ T[G[ pNZU]CFGL N]Z ,.H.G[ T[G] \
pQ6TF5DFG 38F0[ K[P VF p5ZF\T J'QF6D]QSDF\ ZC[,L lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL Z]l3ZJFlCGLVMGL UM9J6 TYF T[GL
SZR,LJF/L RFD0L 56 J'QF6GL OZT[ IMuI pQ6TF5DFG HF/JL ZFBJFDF\ DNN~5 YFI K[P
VlWJ'QF6ov J'QF6 ;FY[ H ;\S/FI[,L TYF RM\8,L G/FSFZ ZRGFG[ VlWJ'QF6GF GFD[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFDI CMI K[ VG[ T[GL Gl,SFVMGM 5Y ;\JlT" CMI K[PT[VMG[ VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SF SC[JFDF\ VFJ[
K[P VlWJ'QF6G[ +6 lJEFUDF\ JC[\RL GFBJFDF\ VFJ[ K[Ps!f VlWJ'QF6 lXQF"sZf VlWJ'QF6 SFI VG[ s#f
VlWJ'QF6 5]rKP J'QF6GF p5ZGF K[0[ H[ %IF,F VFSFZGM A]9F 5|JW" ;DFG H[ EFU ZC[,M K[ T[G[ VlWJ'QF6
lXQF" SC[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P J'QF6GF GLR[GF K[0[ VlWJ'QF6 GM H[ EFU ZC[,M CMI K[ T[G[ VlWJ'QF65]rK SC[ K[P
VlWJ'QF65]rK YM0[ V\X[ J'QF6YL K]8]\ TYF ,8ST]\ VG[ X]S|JFlCGL ;FY[ HM0FI[,]\ CMI K[P VlWJ'QF65]rK TYF
VlWJ'QF6lXQF" JrR[GM EFU VlWJ'QF6SFI TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P
VlWJ'QF6GF SFIM" ov VlWJ'QF6GF D]bI RFZ SFIM" K[P
s!f JCG ov VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVM DFZOT[ X]SF|6]VM J'QF6 HF/DF\YL X]S|JFlCGL TZO JCG 5FD[ K[P VF
5|SFZGF JCGDF\ J'QF6GL AFCIUFDL Gl,SFVMDF\ 5|JT"T]\ VMK]\ NAF64 VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVMGF 51D,GL UlT
TYF Gl,SFGF ;FNF :GFI]VMG]\ ;\SMRG D]bItJ[ HJFANFZ K[P X]SF|6]VMG[ X]S|Gl,SFDF\YL VlWJ'QF6 XLQF" ;]WL
5CMRF0TF\ VFXZ[ * YL ) lNJ; ,FU[ K[P
sZf ;F\l§ISZ6 ov X]S|Gl,SFVMDF\YL VlWJ'QF6 TZO VFJTF X]SF|6]VM H[ 5|JFCLDF\ lG,\lAT YFI K[ T[
5|JFCLG]\ VlWJ'QF6 Gl,SFVMDF\ VJXMQF6 YFI K[P VFG[ 5lZ6FD[ VlWJ'QF65]rKDF\ X]SF|6]G]\ ;F\l§ISZ6 YFI
K[P
s#f X]SF|6] 5lZ5SJGov VlWJ'QF6DF\ X]SF|6]VM 5lZ5SJ YFI K[[ VG[ T[DF\ S[8,F\S ZF;FI6LS O[ZOFZM
pNEJ[ K[P X]SF|6]VMGL 5lZ5SJTFDF\ VlWJ'QF6GL Gl,SFVMGF Vl3rKlNI SMQFMDF\YL :+FlJT YT]\ 5|JFCL
DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P VlWJ'QF6DF\ ZC[,F\ X]SF|6]VM :+LALHG]\ O,LSZ6 SZJF XlSTDFG CMI K[ 5Z\T]
X]S|Gl,SFVMDF\ ZC[,F\ X]SF|6]VM T[ 5|SFZGL SFI"1FDTF NXF"JTF GYLP VlWJ'QF6GF lXQF"YL 5]rK TZO H[D H[D
X]SF|6]VM VFU/ J3TF\ HFI K[ T[D T[D T[VM 5]6" 56[ 5lZ5SJ YTF HFI K[PVFYL H lXQF"DF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VM
SZTF\ 5]rKDF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VM O,LQSZ6 DF8[ J3] SFI"1FDTF NFBJL XS[ K[P
s$f ;\U|Cov VlWJ'QF6GM 5]rK lJEFU X]SF|6]VMGM ;\U|C SZ[ K[PVF lJEFUGF X]SF|6]VMGL ;\bIF 36L CMI
K[ VG[ Gl,SFVMGL 5CM/F. 5|DF6DF\ DM8L CMI K[ VlWJ'QF6DF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VMGL V3L" ;\bIF VF lJEFUDF\
H ;\U|CFI[,L CMI K[P VlWJ'QF65]rKDF\ ZC[,F X]SF|6]VMGM RIF5RI NZ GCLJT™ CMI K[P VCL\ T[VM ;]QF%T
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
13
VJ:YFDF\ CMI K[P VlWJ'QF6DF\ X]SF|6]VM &_ lNJ; ;]3L O,LSZ6 DF8[ SFI"1FD VG[ HLJ\T ZC[ K[P,F\AF
;DIGF ;\U|CYL VlWJ'QF6DF\GF X]SF|6]VM ,UEU D'T 5FI AG[ K[P
;CFIS U|\YLVM
X]S|FXI ov V[J] DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ S[4 X]S|FXIU|\YL lJI"GM ;\U|C SZ[ K[ VG[ T[GL G,LSFVM D}+ G/LDF\ B],[ K[P
5]~:YU|\YL o v D]+G/LGL OZT[ ZC[,L CMI K[P VF U|\YLDF\YL GLS/TL G,LSFVM D}+G/LDF\ B},L U|\YLDF\
AG[,F :+FJG[ ;\EMU JBT[ D}+G/LDF\ 9F,J[ K[P
SFp5Z U||\lYov SFp5Z U||\lYVMGL V[S HM0 D]+Gl,SF p5Z H ZC[,L CMI K[P SFp5Z U||\lYGM VFSFZ HZNF/]
H[JM CMI K[PVF U|\lYVM D]+Gl, H[ :Y/[ lGT\AGF 5|N[XDF\YL ACFZ 50[ K[ tIF\ H ZC[,L CMI K[ VF U||\lYVMGF
:+FJL SMQFM ,\AWGFSFZ CMI K[ VG[ T[DF\ :+FJL S6LSFVM 5]QS/ 5|DF6DF\ ZC[,L CMI K[P SFp5Z U||\lYDF\YL
hZTF\ :+FJM lJI":B,G 5C[,F\ D]+Gl,G[ 3M. ;FO SZL HLJF6]lJCLG AGFJ[ K[P lJI":B,G JBT[ VYJF
;\EMUGL X~VFTDF\ ;F\9GF lX`GDF\YL ACFZ 50TF 5|JFCLGF 8L5F\ SFp5Z U||\lYDF\YL :+FJLT YI[,F 5|JFCLGF
CMI K[P5]Z]QY U||\lyFDF\YL pNEJTM :+FJ lJI"DF\ E/[ K[P SFp5Z U||\lY TYF 5]Z]QY U||\lyFGF :+FJG]\ 5LP V[RP
*P5 YL (PZ CMI K[P
D}+G/L ov GZ 5|F6LDF\ D}+G/L D]+FXIYL X~ YFI K[ T[GF A[ EFU 50[ K[P X~VFTGM lGT\A U]CFDF\ VFJ[,
EFU VG[ 5FK/GM lX`GDF\ VFJ[, EFUP D}+Gl,SFG]\ SFI" D}+ VG[ lJI"G[ XZLZGL ACFZ O[\SJFG] K[P
lX`G ov lX`G +6 EFUDF\ JC[\RFI[,] K[P
!P lX`GD}/
ZP lX`GSFI
#P lX`GFU| slX`G 8MRf
lX`GFU| V[S 5|SFZGL RFD0LGF SJRYL ;\5}6" -\SFI[,]\ CMI K[ H[G[ lX`GFU|rK\N SC[ K[P H[ V[S 5CM/L
G/L H[J]\ RFD0LGF 50G]\ AG[,]\ K[ VG[ lX`GGL ;]QF'%T VJ:YFDF\ lX`GFU|G[ ;\5}6"56[ -F\SL N[ K[P
lX`GSFI V\U|[HL ccV[;cc VFSFZ[ J/[,]\ CMI K[4 H[ lGJT"S :GFI]GL DNNYL UM9JFI[, CMI K[P lX`G
ptYFG J[/F VF :GFI] -L,M 50TF\ V\U|[HL ccV[;cc VFSFZGM lX`GGM J/F\S ;LWM AG[ K[ VG[ 5lZ6FD :J~5[
lX`GGL ,\AF.DF\ JWFZM Y. lX`GFU|rK\NGL ACFZ VFXZ[ V[S O]8 H[8,M GLS/[ K[4 lX`G ptYFG YTF\ T[ ;BT
AG[ K[P H[YL IMGLDF\ ;C[,F.YL NFB, Y. XS[ K[P
DFNF 5|HGGT\+
DFNF 5|F6LVMG]\ 5|HGG T\+ D]bItJ[ V\0l5\04 V\0JFlCGL4 UEF"XI4 IMlGDFU" VG[ AFCI HGGV\UMG]
AG[,]\ K[P DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\ A[ V\0l5\0 s0FA]\ VG] HD6]\f CMI K[P H[VM D}+l5\0GF 5FK/GF EFUGL GHLS
ZC[,F CMI K[P UFI v E[|;DF\ Z! lNJ;G]\ kT]RS| CMI K[P kT]RS|GF V\TEFUDF\ V\0DMRG YFI K[ VG[
V\0DMRG YIF 5KL V\0l5\0GL T[ HuIFV[ l5¿SFIGM lJSF; YFI K[P
DFNF 5X]VMGF 5|HGGT\+DF\ l0dAU\|lYVMqV\0FXI4 V\0JFlCGL4 UEF"XI4 UEF"XIU|LJF TYF IMlGGM
;DFJ[X YFI K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
14
V\0FXI o
V\0FXIGL S[g£LI 5|F\TJ:YFDF\ D]bItJ[ ZSTJFlCGLVM4 ;\IMHLvpTS VG[ R[TFVM ZC[, K[P T[GF
5lZ3GM EFU4 HGGLI p5S,F4 VFlN l0dAM4 5|FYlDS S[ l£TLI VJ:YFGF lJS;TF 5]8SM 5]bT YTF\ VYJF
5]bT YI[,F\ U|FlOVG 5]8SM4 V5SQF" 5FD[,F VYJF VlJJZ 5]8SM4 5]bT ZLT[ lJS;[,4 lJS;TF TYF V5SQF"
5FDTF l5¿l5\0M T[DH VF ZRGFVMG[ 5MQF6 VF5TL ZSTJFlCGLVM WZFJTM CMI K[P V\0FXI T[GL VlE5'Q9
VG[ 5F`J" AFH]VMV[ lJ:T'T A\WGLGF V\0U\|lY IMHGL GFDGF EFU ;FY[ HM0FI[, CMI K[P
V\0FXIGM VlWDwIEFU4 UEF"XI VG[ V\UU\|lY A\WGL ;FY[ HM0FI[, CMI K[P V\0FXIG[ ZST 5}ZJ9M
UEF"XI V\0SMX WDGLGL V[S XFBF £FZF D/[ K[P H[D 5X]GL p\DZ JW[ K[ T[D V\0FXIG]\ SN 56 JW[ K[P
V\0FXIGM TF\l+S 5]ZJ9M :J;\RFl,T R[TF\VM £FZF VFJ[ K[P UFIG\] V\0FXI ,\AUM/ VYJF VFBL ANFD H[JF
VFSFZG\] CMI K[P HD6L AFH]G\] V\0FXI 0FAL AFH]GF\ V\0FXI SZTF DM8F SNG\\] CMI K[ VFG]\ SFZ6 HD6L
AFH]G\] V\0FXI 0FAL AFH] SZTF JW] ;lS|I CMI K[P UFIG\] V\0FXI lJ:T'T A\WGLGF VU|EFUDF\ VFJ[, CMI K[
T[ zMl6GF 5|J[X£FZF GHLS zMl6GF EM\ITl/IFG[ V0LG[ ZC[,L CMI K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ V\0FXI UEF"XIU|LJFGF
V\TD]"BG[ ;DF\TZ CMI K[P
3M0LG\] V\0FXI D}+l5\0 VFSFZG\] CMI K[P l0dA1FZ6BFTG[ SFZ6[ 3M0LG\] V\0FXI VFJF VFSFZG\] CMI
K[ T[ RMYL VG[ 5F\RDL Sl8SX[Z]SFVMGF VG]5|:Y 5|JWM"GL GLR[ V[S D]õL H[8,L N}Z VFJ[, CMI K[ 3M0LGL
l0dAU\|lY l0dAU\|lYIMHGL £FZF pNZDF\ ,8STL ZC[ K[P 3M0LGL l0dAU\|lY UEF"XIGF lX\UYL 5P_ YL *P5
;[PDLP H[8,L N}Z VG[ p\R[ CMI K[P
0]SSZDF\ V;\bI 5]8SMG[ ,LW[ V\0FXI ãFÙGF h]\DBF H[JF VFSFZG\] CMI K[P S}TZLG\] V\0FXI +LHL S[
RMYL Sl8SX[Z]SF GLR[ VG[ D}+l5\0GL 5FK/ VFJ[, CMI K[P S}TZLGF l5¿l5\0DF\ SF\. 56 Z\UãjI CMT\] GYLP
lA,F0LG\] V\0FXI 56 S}TZLGF V\0FXI H[J\] H CMI K[P
DFNF 5|F6LVMGL pNZU]CFDF\ A[ ALHFXIM VFJ[,F K[P T[ 56 V\To:+FJL VG[ AFæ:+FJL U\|YL TZLS[
SFD SZ[ K[P AFæ:+FJL TZLS[ T[ :+LALH pt5gG SZL T[GM :+FJ SZ[ K[P HIFZ[ V\To:+FJL EFU V\To :+FJM
s.:8=MHG4 5|MH[:8LZMG VG[ ZL,[1FLGf pt5gG SZ[ K[P V\0FXIGF SN VG[ VFSFZ H]NF\ H]NF\ 5|F6LVMDF V,U
V,U CMI K[ VG[kT]RS| 5|DF6[ T[DF\ O[ZOFZ pNŸEJ[ K[P
DFNF 5|F6LGF HgD ;DI[ :+LALH 5|FYlDS z[6LGF 5]8SM :J~5[ CMI K[P T~6FJ:YF 5KL T[ l£TLI
z[6LGF 5]8S TZLS[ VM/BFI K[P H[DF :+LALH 5}6" ZLT[ lJSF; YI[, CMI K[P 5]bT 5]8SMGL ;\bIF V[S ;DI[
UFI E[\;DF\ V[S H CMI K[ HIFZ[4 3[8F\4 ASZF\DF\ +6 YL RFZ CMI K[P VFD 5|F6LGF JU" 5|DF6[ V[S VYJF V[S
YL JWFZM 5]8SMGL J'lwW YFI K[P 5}6" lJSl;T U|FOLIG 5]8SDF\YL :+LALHGF :+FJ YJFGL lS|IFG[ V\0DMRG
SC[ K[P V\0DMRG AFN l5¿SFI AG[ K[P l5¿SFIGM lJSF;4 kT]RS| NZdIFG lJzF\lTGF TASSFGL X~VFTDF\
TYF ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG B}A H YFI K[P
V\0JFlCGLGl,SF o
V\0DMRG YIF 5KL :+LALHG[ UEF"XI ;]WL 5CM\RF0JFG\] SFD VF G,LSF SZ[ K[P UFI VG[ 3M0LDF\ T[
Z_ YL #_ ;[DL H[8,L ,F\AL CMI K[P VF Gl,SF S96 VG[ EFZ[ J/F\SJF/L CMI K[P T\N]Z:T Gl,SFG[ D/FXI
£FZF T5F;YL B}A H D]xS[, 50[ K[P DM8F EFU[ T[G]\ 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFT\] GYLP VF Gl,SF V[S K[0[ UEF"XIGF
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
15
lX\UDF\ HIFZ[ ALH[ K[0[ V\0FXIGL GHLS B},[ K[P UEF"XIGF lX\UDF\ B},TF EFUGM jIF; V\0FXIGL GHLS
B},TF EFU SZTF\ 36M VMKM CMI K[P V\0FXIGL GHLSGM EFU UZ6LGM VFSFZGM CMI K[P V\0DMRG JBT[ T[
K}8F 50[, V\0SMQF s:+LALHf G[ 5|F%T SZJFG\] SFI" SZ[ K[P 3[8LDF\ VF Gl,SF UFIGF H[JL H 5Z\T] ,\AF.DF\
VMKL CMI K[P 0]SSZDF\ VF Gl,SF !5 YL #_ ;[DL HIFZ[ S}TZL VG[ lA,F0LDF\ T[ 5 YL ( ;[DL ,F\AL CMI K[P
UEF"XI o
UEF"XI :GFI]VM VG[ ALHF p¿SMG\] AG[, CMI K[4 T[ E'6GF 5MQF6G\] UEF"ZM56G]\4 ;UEF"J:YF
NZdIFG UE"G[ 5MQF6 TYF Z1F6 VF5JFG\] VG[ ;UEF"J:YFGF V\T[ UE"GF 5|;JDF\ DNN SZJFG\] SFD SZ[ K[P
UEF"XI +6 EFUDF\ JC[\RFI[,\] CMI K[P s!f UEF"XI X\'UMqlX\U sZf SFIF VG[ s#f lU|JFP VF +6
lJEFUMDF\ 5|F6LVMGF JU" 5|DF6[ TOFJT HMJF D/[ K[P UEF"XIGL :GFI]VMJF/L NLJF, UM/FSFZ VG[
Z[BFSFZ SMD/ :GFI]VMGL AG[,L CMI K[P UEF"XIG[ ZST 5]ZJ9M DwI UEF"XI WDGL4 UEF"XIvl0dAU|\YL
WDGL VG[ 5]rK UEF"XI WDGL £FZF 5CM\R[ K[P
UFIGF UEF"XIG[ A[ lX\U CMI K[P T[VM UEF"XIGL SFIFG[ D/[ K[P UEF"XI SFIF !P_ YL ZP5 ;[DL
H[8,L ,F\AL CMI K[P UFIGL p\DZ VG[ VM,FN D]HA T[GF UEF"XIGF lX\UMGL ,\AF. !5 YL #_ ;[DL VG[
jIF; !PZ5 YL 5 ;[DL H[8,M CMI K[P UEF"XIG]\ :YFG z|Ml6U'CFGF EF[\ITl/I[4 zMl6GL lSGFZ 5Z S[ pNZDF\
5]rK EFUDF\ CMI K[P UEF"XI D}+FXIGL 5F`J AFH]V[ CMI K[P 3M0LGF UEF"XIGM VFSFZ V\U|HL c8Lc H[JM
CMI K[P UEF"XIGF A\G[ lX\UM UEF"XISFIFYL ,UEU SF8B}6[ CMI K[P 3M0LDF\ UEF"XISFIFGL ,\AF. lX\U
H[8,L H CMI K[P UFIMvE[\;MDF\ UEF"XIGF V\To:TZ p5Z ,UEU (_ YL !Z_ :TJSM CMI K[ H[
UE"ZM56DF\ DNN SZ[ K[P UEF"XIG\] SN ;UEF"J:YFGF SF/ NZdIFG VG[SU6\] JW[ K[P
UEF"XI U|LJF o
UEF"XI U|LJF UEF"XISFIF VG[ IMlGG[ HM0[ K[P T[ S0S4 S96 VG[ T\T]DI HGGVJIJ K[P T[G\] SFI"
;\SMRS:GFI] H[J\] K[ T[G[ ZST VG[ TF\l+SF 5]ZJ9M UEF"XI VG[ IMlGGF H[JM H CMI K[P
UFIGL UEF"XI U|LJF 5 YL !_ ;[DL ,F\AL VG[ !P5 YL 5 ;[DL jIF;GL CMI K[P JW] 5|;J VG]EjIF
CMI T[JF HFGJZMDF\ UEF"XI lX\UM T[DH UEF"XI SFIFGL H[D UEF"XI U|LJFG\] SN 56 DM8\] CMI K[P
IMlG4 zMl6U]CFDF\ D}+FXIGL p5Z CMI K[P T[ DFNFDF\ ;DFUD DF8[GF VJIJGF lJEFUDF\ HM0FI[,
CMI K[P IMlG 5|;J JBT[ HGGDFU"G\] 56 SFI" SZ[ K[P T[ VG[SU6L 5CM/L Y. XS[ K[P 5]rK EFUDF\ IMlGGL
DIF"NF D}+DFU"GF £FZ ;]WLGL K[P VF HuIFV[ IMlGrKN CMI K[P IMlG VG[ IMlG5|IF6 JrR[GF ;F{dI ZLT[
V\lS6" YI[, EFUG[ IMlGrKN SC[ K[P S[8,LS JM0SLVMDF\ IMlGrKNGF VJX[QF CMI K[P H[ S]NZTL ;DFUD VG[
5|;J 5KL N}Z YFI K[P UFIM E[\;MDF\ IMlG !( YL Z5 ;[PDLP ,F\AL CMI K[P IMGLGF EM\ITl/IFDF\
`,[QDtJRFG[ GLR[ UF8"GZGL Gl,SFVM VFJ[, K[P IMlGDF\ VG[ SDZDF\ VG[S U\|lYVM VFJ[, CMI K[P UFIv
E[\; HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ VF U\|lYVMDF\YL :+FJ YFI K[P VG[ VF ;ID NZdIFG IMlGDF\ ZST 5|;FZ6 JW[
K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
16
IMlG5|IF6 VG[ EU
DFNF 5X]VMDF\ VF 5]rKEFU K[P IMlGrKN A[ EFUGF lD,GGL lGXFGL ~5 K[P D}+DFU"
IMlG5|3F6GF VU|EFUDF\ B},[ K[P IMlGDFU"G[ ACFZGF JFTFJZ6YL A\W ZFBJF DF8[ EUDF\ EU;\SMRS
:GFI]VM CMI K[P VF ;\SMRS :GFI]VM D/wJFZGF ;\SMRS :GFI]VM ;FY[ VG[ VG]ULSS[XLSFVM ;FY[ HM0FI[,
CMI K[P EUG[ A[ EUMQ9 CMI K[P H[ HGG DFU"G[ A\W ZFB[ K[P kT]SF/ NZdIFG EU ;\SMRS :GFI]G]\ ;\SMRG
YJFYL EUMQ9 B},[ K[P VG[ GZGF lX`GG[ HJFGM DFU" SZL VF5[ K[P EUGM £FZ zMl6GF EM\ITl/IFYL
SF8B}6[ VFJ[, CMI K[P
GZ 5|HGGT\+
DFNF 5|HGGT\+
;CFIS U|\lY ;CFIS U|\lY
;CFIS U|\lY
lX`GGM cV[;c VFSFZGM
J/F\S
X}]S|JFCLGL
J'QF6SMY/L
U]NF
lX`GFU|
D]]+FXIGL SMY/L
X]S|l5\0
U]NFDFU"
UEF"XIGF
lX\U0F
IMGLCM9
U]NF
UEF"XI UEF"XIGF lX\U0F
D]]+FXIGL SMY/L
V\0JFlCGL
V\0JFlCGL
V\0l5\0
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VFJ[, 5X]G[ 5S0L 5F0JFGL 8SFJFZL AD6FYL 56 JW] SZL XSFI K[P 8]] \SDF\4 HM AFæ ,1F6M £FZF 5X]DF\
J[TZGL BZF. SZJL CMI TM4 lNJ;DF\ RFZ[S JBT TYF NZ[S JBT[ VFXZ[ V[SFN S,FS lGZL1F6 SZJ\] HM.V[P
VFD SZJFYL J[TZ KFG\] ZC[JFGF lS:;FVMDF\ RMSS;56[ 38F0M SZL XSFI K[P
B;L SZ[, 5F0F s8LhZ A],f GF p5IMU YSL o
lJlJW OFD" BF; SZLG[ ;ZSFZL ;\XMWG OFD" 5Z VM5Z[XG £FZF B;L SZ[, 5F0FGM p5IMU SZLG[ J[TZ[
VFJ[, HFGJZGL VM/B SZJFDF\ VFJTL CMI K[P VFJF B;L SZ[, 5F0FVM UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZG[ VM/BL
XSTF CMI K[P 5Z\T] T[ ;\EMU SZLG[ DFNF 5X]G[ UFE6 SZL XSTF GYLP VFD HIF\ S]l+D ALHNFGGM p5IMU
SZLG[ HFGJZG[ O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMI K[ tIF\ VFJF V[SFNvA[ 8LhZ A],GM p5IMU SZLG[ VFXZ[ !__ H[8,L
DFNFVMDF\ J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P
U]NF DFU" £FZF DFNFGF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZLG[ o
5X]DFl,SG[ HM AFæ ,1F6M 5ZYL T[G\] HFJGZ UZDLDF\ VFjI\] K[ T[J\] ,FU[ tIFZ[ ALHNFG SD"RFZL
5F;[ T[GF 5X]GF HGGF\UMG\] U]NF DFU" £FZF 5ZL1F6 SZFJLG[ J[TZGL RMS;F. SZL XSFI K[P VF 5wWlTGM
p5IMU HFGJZG[ S]l+D ALHNFG YL O[/JJFDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ YFI K[P UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZDF\ S]l+D ALHNFG
SZTF 5C[,F4 ALHNFG SD"RFZL T[GM CFY DFNFGF U]NFDF\ GFBL T[GF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZ[ K[P VF ;DI[
HGGF\UM GF VFSFZDF\ YI[, O[ZOFZ TYF VgI VF\TZLS ,1F6M 5ZYL J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P
RLG AM, DFSL\"U ;FWG J0[ o
VF 5wWlTDF\ 8LhZ A], VYJF VgI DFS"Z HFGJZGF GLR[GF H0AF sRLGf 5Z RLG AM, DFSL" \U
GFDG\] ;FWG AF\WL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[ H[DF\ XFCL H[J\] Z\ULG 5|JFCL EZ[, CMI K[P UZDLDF\ VFJ[, 5X] 5Z HIFZ[
VF DFS"Z HFGJZ 9[S[ VG[ T[G\] H0A\] UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFGJZGL 5L9 5Z D]SLG[ NAFJ[ tIFZ[ VF ;FWGDF\YL
Z\ULG 5|JFCL GLS/LG[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, HFGJZGL 5\]9 Z\UF. HFI K[P VF ZLT[ Z\UFI[, HFGJZMG\] 5KL U]ãF £FZF
TYF VgI AFæ ,1F6MG\] GLZL1F6 SZLG[ J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI K[P
CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z J0[ o
lJlJW CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z H[JL S[ SDZ (Kamar), .:8=M8[S8 (Estrotect)4 AMJF.G A[SMG
(Bovine Beacon) JU[Z[G[ HIF\YL 5\]K0FGL X~VFT YFI K[ tIF\ RM\8F0L N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFJ\] CL8 DFpg8
0L8[S8Z ,UF0[, HFGJZ UZDLDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[GL ;FY[ RZT\] ALH\] HFGJZ T[GF 5Z 9[S[ K[ VG[ T[GF NAF6YL
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
23
CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8Z OF8L HFI K[ VG[ T[DF\ ZC[, S,Z HFGJZGL 5\]9 5Z O[,F. HFI K[P VFD VF HFJGZ ;F\H[
RZLG[ 5FK] VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[GL 5L9 5Z S,Z HM.G[ T[ UZDLDF\ VFJ[, K[ T[J\] DFGL4 RSF;JFYL T[ lJX[GL BZF.
SZL XSFI K[P
5\]K0F 5Z S,Z SZLG[ o
VUFpGL 5wWlT 5|DF6[ H VCL\ CL8 DFpg8 0L8[S8ZGL HuIFV[ 5\]K0F 5Z S,Z SZLG[ HFGJZMGF V[S
ALHF 5Z 9[SJFGF SFZ6[ YTF S,ZGF O[,FJFG[ HM.G[ J[TZGL VM/B SZL XSFI K[P
5[0MDL8Z GL DNN £FZF o
VF 5wWlTDF\ DFNF 5X]GF 5U VYJF U/FDF\ 5[0MDL8Z GFDG\] ;FWG AF\WL N[JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FDFgI
HFJGZ SZTF UZDLDF\ VFJ[, HFJGZGL UlTJLWLVM TYF RF,JFG\] ,UEU A[ YL RFZ U6\] JWL HT] CMI K[
H[GL GM\W 5[0MDL8Z DF\ Y. HFI K[ VF 5[0MDL8ZGF VF\S0FVMGL GM\W6L SZLG[ T[DF\ YI[, O[ZOFZGF VFWFZ[
5X]G\] J[TZ[ VFjIFG\] RSF;L XSFI K[P
;L;L8LJL S[D[ZF J0[ o
lJN[XMDF\ BF; SZLG[ B]A H DM8F OFD"DF\ TYF ;\XMWG DF8[ VF 5wWlTGM p5IMU YTM CMI K[P VF
5wWlTDF\ HFGJZGF JF0FDF\ S[D[ZF OL8 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[ VG[ T[GF £FZF HFGJZMGL JT"6}\SG[ 8LJLDF\ GLCF/LG[ T[
J[TZDF\ K[ S[ S[D T[ GSSL SZFI K[P SFZ6 S[ p5Z H6FjI\] T[D ;FDFgI HFGJZ SZTF J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]DF\ 36F
AWF O[ZOFZM HMJF D/TF CMI K[P
TF,LD VF5[, S]TZFVM £FZF o
S]TZFVMG[ ;\]3JFGL lJlXQ8 5|SFZGL TF,LD VF5LG[ T[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]G[ VM/BL XS[ T[ SFA[,
AGFJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P SFZ6 S[ S]TZFVMGL U\W 5FZBJFGL 1FDTF HAZN:T CMI K[P
.,[S8=MGLS 5|MA £FZF o
VF 5wWlTDF\ .,[S8=MGLS 5|MA G[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GL IMGLDF\ D]SLG[ lJW]T JFCSTF GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
ALHF HFGJZM SZTF\ J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GL IMGLDF\ lJW]T JFCSTF VMKL HMJF D/[ K[P
N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG V\To:+FJ G\] ,[J, DF5LG[o
J[TZ[ VFJ[, 5X]GF N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG GFDGF V\To :+FJG\\] ,[J, DF5LG[ 56 J[TZGL BZF. SZL XSFI
K[P VFJF HFGJZMGF N]WDF\ 5|MH[:8[ZMG GF\ 5|DF6DF\ A[ YL +6 lNJ; 38F0M YTM CMI K[P HM VFJ\] HMJF D/[
TM T[ HFGJZDF\ U]NFDFU" £FZF HGGF\UMG\] 5ZL1F6 SZLG[ J[TZGL RMS;F. SZL XSFI K[P
VFD p5Z NXF"jIF 5|DF6[GL lJlJW 5wWlTVMGM p5IMU J[TZGL VM/B SZJFDF\ YFI K[P NZ[S
5wWlTVMGL ZLT TYF J[TZ VM/BJFGL RMS;F. V,UvV,U K[4 5Z\T] C[T] TM V[S H K[4 VG[ T[ K[ cc 5X]GL
J[TZDF\ VFjIFGL ;FRL VM/B SZJL cc H[YL SZLG[ VFJF 5X]G[ IMuI ;DI[ O[/JLG[ UFE6 SZL XSFI4 TYF
5X]G]\ J[TZDF\ VFjIFG\] G BAZ 50JFGF SFZ6[ 5X] DFl,SMG[ YT\] DM8\] VFlY"S G]SXFG V8SFJL XSFIP
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
24
5X]VMDF\ C\UFDL J\wItJGF SFZ6M VG[ p5FI
0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL4 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ, 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU
5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
C\UFDL J\wItJ V[8,[ UFIqE[\;4 JFKZ0Lq5F0LDF\ 5|HGG DF8[GL 1FDTF CMI 5Z\T] SM. SFZ6;Z T[
5FKL OZ[4 UFE6 G YFI4 J[TZ[ G VFJ[ T[G[ V5}6" J\wItJ SC[ K[P V5}6" J\wItJ V[ VFH[ 5X]5F,GDF\ ;/UTM
5|`G K[P H[G[ ,.G[ VF56[ JFlQF"S ,FBM ~l5IFG]\ G]S;FG EMUJJ]\ 50[ K[P 5|HGG V[ V[S UCG lS|IF K[P
XZLZGF\ ALHF V\UMGL lS|IFVMGM ;DgJI YFI TM H ;O/TF5}J"S 5|HGG XSI K[P HM VF 5{SLGL SM. lS|IFDF\
lJ1F[5 50[ TM C\UFDL J\wItJ 5[NF YFI K[P
C\UFDL J\wItJ YJFGF\ SFZ6Mo
s!f 5|HGG T\+GL lJ;UTFVM sZf HGGT\+GF V\UMG[ .HF s#f V\To:+FJGL T\+GF SFI"DF\ lJ1F[5
sBFDLf s$f 5MQF6GL +]8L s5f HGGT\+GF R[5L ZMUM s&f VFG]JF\lXS SFZ6[ s*f 5X] ;\EF/ TYF ;FZJFZDF\
DM8L p65 VG[ BFDLVMP
s!f 5|HGG T\+GL lJ;\UTTFVM o
O|LDF8L"G o HM SM. 5X]G[ V[S ;FY[ A[ ArRF\ HgD[ VG[ T[DF\ HM V[S GZ TYF V[S DFNF 5X] CMI TM DFNF
5X] C\D[XF DF8[ J\wI ZC[ K[P SFZ6S[ T[GF lJSF; NZdIFG GZGF J'QF6DF\YL H[ 8[:8L:8LZMG CMZDMG pt5gG
YIM CMI T[ DFNFGF\ HGG V\UMGM lJSF; V8SFJ[ K[P VFYL VFJF 5X]GM IMuI lGSF, SZJMP
pEI ,L\UL56]\ o HM DFNF 5X]DF\ GZ VG[ DFNF A\G[GF HGG V\UMGM lJSF; YIM CMI T[G[ pEI,L\UL56]\
SC[ K[P VFJ]\ 5X] SIFZ[I UFE6 YT]\ GYLP VFJF 5X]GM 56 lGSF, SZJFGM ZC[ K[P
IMGL58,G]\ SFID ZC[J]\ o IMGLDF\ V[S 50NM VFJ[,M CMI K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ 5|HGG T\+GF lJSF;GL ;FY[
T[ T]8L HFI K[P 5Z\T] T[ SIFZ[ SM. SFZ6;Z T]8T]\ GYLP VF JBT[ JLI" SD/D]BGL V\NZ HT]\ GYLP VFJ]\
5X] J[TZ[ VFJ[ K[ 5Z\T] JLI"NFG SZJF KTF\ UFE6 ZC[T]\ GYLP 0MS8ZL T5F; SZFJL VM5Z[XG wJFZF VF
IMGL58,DF\ RLZM D]SL N]Z SZJFYL 5X] UFE6 AGL XS[ K[P
lãDFUL" 5|HGG V\UM sSD/f o 36L JBT VD]S 5X]DF\ A[ SD/ D]B CMI4 SIFZ[S V[S AFH]G]\ XL\U0]\
CMI4 SIFZ[S V[S AFH]GL ZSTJFCLGL CMI4 V[S H ZHU|\YL CMI VYJF XL\U0F JrR[YL CMTF GYLP VFJF
5X] UFD6 ZC[TF GYLP
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
25
sZf 5|HGGT\+G[ .HFVM o S'l+D JLI"NFG SZJFGL V6VFJ0TG[ ,LW[ SIFZ[S IMGLGL lNJF, S[ SD/ D]BG[
.HF YJFGL XSITFVM ZC[,L K[P VFYL VF EFUDF\ ;MHM VFJ[ K[ VG[ 5~ Y. HFI K[P VF JBT[ 5X] J[TZDF\
VFJ[ KTF\ 56 UFE6 YT]\ GYLP lJIF6 JBT[ 56 SIFZ[S .HF YJFYL UEF"XIDF\ ;MHM VFJ[ K[P VF JBT[
56 5X] UFE6 YT]\ GYLP 5X]G[ JLI"NFG SZTL JBT[ .HF G YFI T[GM bIF, ZFBJM HM.V[ VG[ HM AUF0 Y.
HFI TM IMuI ;FZJFZ VF5JL HM.V[P
s#f V\To:+FJL T\+GF SFI"DF\ lJ1F[5 o
AF<I 5|HGGT\+ (Infantile Genitalia): V5}6" lJSl;T HGGT\+G[ AF<I HGGT\+ TZLS[
VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFJF HGGT\+DF\ AWF\ H V\UM CMI K[P 5Z\T] SN GFG]\ CMI K[P AF<I HGGT\+JF/L
DFNFDF\ kT]RS| lGIlDT CMT]\ GYLP AF<I HGGT\+JF/L S[8,LS JM0SLVMG]\ D[NG]\ JWFZ[ 5|DF6 HMJF D/[
K[P 5LrI]8ZLGF HGG U|\YL 5|[ZS V\To:+FJMGGL p65YL VF lJS'lT YFI K[P
s$f kT]SF/DF\ O[ZOFZ o
!P kT]SF/ sJ[TZf GM VEFJ o N}uW SF/ NZdIFG4 pTZFJ:YFDF\ VG[ V5}ZTF 5MQF6YL 5X]VMDF\
SIFZ[S kT]SF/GM VEFJ HMJF D/[ K[P H[ SIFZ[S SFIDL 56 AG[ K[P kT]SF/GM VEFJ4 5X]GL HFT4
VM,FN VG[ JFTFJZ6GL V;FDFgITFVM p5Z 56 VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P V[8,[S[ ArRFGF lGEFJ DF8[
VG]S]/ JFTFJZ6 JBT[ H DFNF kT]SF/DF\ VFJ[ K[P N]uWSF/ NZdIFG YTF kT]SF/ VEFJGM VFWFZ
5X]GL HFT4 VM,FN VG[ 5|;]lTGF ;DI p5Z ZC[TM H6FIM K[P N]uWSF/ NZdIFG HM V5}ZTF
5MQF6JF/M BMZFS VF5JFDF\ VFJ[ TM UFIMDF\ kT]SF/GF VEFJGM ;DI ,\AF. K[P H[ UFIG[ JFKZ0]\
WFJT]\ CMI T[JL UFIDF\ kT]SF/GF VEFJGM ;DI A[ JBT NMCJFTL UFIM SZTF\ ,F\AM H6FIM K[P VFJL
5lZl:YlTDF\ 5LrI]8ZL HGGU|\YL 5|[ZS V\To:+FJMGL SFI"XL,TFDF\ TOFJT pNEJ[ K[P H[G[ 5lZ6FD[
kT]SF/GM VEFJ YIM CMI T[JL XSITF K[P
ZP ZH:B,GZlCT kT]SF/ o ZH:B,GZlCT kT]SF/JF/L DFNFVMDF\ kT]RS| ;FDFgI CMI K[ VG[
kT]SF/GF\ ,1F6M 56 HMJF D/[ K[P ZHU|\YL p5Z U|FOLVG OM,LS,GM lJSF; 56 ;\5}6" YFI K[P 5Z\T]
T[ OF8T]\ GYL4 H[YL ZHG]\ O,LGLSZ6 YT]\ GYLP ZH:B,G G YJFG]\ SFZ6 VD}S V\To:+FJG]\ V5}ZT]\
5|DF6 VYJF TM ZHU|\YLGL ;5F8L p5Z lJS'THgI O[ZOFZM K[P
#P ,F\AM VG[ 8]\SM kT]SF/ o GFGL p\DZGL DFNFDF\ SIFZ[S 8]\SM CMIP J/L kT]SF/DF\ ,1F6M 56 VMKF
5|NlX"T YFI K[P ZF+L NZdIFG VFJL DFNFVMGM kT]SF/ GM\WL XSFI GCL\ T[ ;DHL XSFI T[D K[P J/L
S[8,LS DFNFDF\ kT]SF/GM ;DI ;FDFgI SZTF\ ,F\AM HMJF D/[ K[P kT]SF/ 5}ZM YIF 5KL ZH:B,G
YFI K[ VG[ ZH X]S|SMQF £FZF O,LSZ6 YJFYL UFI A\WFI K[P HIFZ[ kT]SF/ ,F\AM ;DI RF,[ tIFZ[
JLI"NFG JC[,]\ Y. HTF\ O,LSZ6 YT]\ GYL VG[ VFYL R[5 G CMJF KTF\ UFIqE[\; A\WFTL GYLP VFJF
lS:;FVMDF\ VF9 S,FSGF V\TZ[ ALHLJFZ JLI"NFG SZFJJFYL ;FZF\ 5lZ6FD D/L XS[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
26
$P U]%T kT]SF/ o U]%T kT]SF/GF ,1F6M HMJF D/TF GYL VFYL kT]SF/ GM\WL XSFTM GYL H[G[
5lZ6FD[ DFNF O[/JL XSFTL GYLP U]%T kT]SF/ NZdIFG V\0FXIGL SFI"XL,TF ;FDFgI CMI K[P VG[
ZH:B,G 56 YFI K[P U]%T kT]SF/ A[ ;FDFgI kT]RS| JrR[ VYJF TM 5|;]lT 5KL klTSF/G]\ 5|DF6
p\DZDF\ GFGF 5X]VM VG[ V5}ZT\] 5MQF6 D[/JTF 5X]VMDF\ lJX[QF HMJF D/[ K[P J/L lNJ;DF\ +6 JFZ
NMCJFTL UFIMDF\ U]%T kT]SF/G]\ 5|DF6 JWFZ[ CMI K[P E[\;DF\ U]%T kT]SF/G]\ 5|DF6 36]\ JWFZ[ CMI K[P
5P SMQ8LI V\0FXI sV\0FXIGL 5}l8DITF q ;L:8LS VMJZLf ;L:8LS VMJZL GLR[GF D]bI +6 5|SFZ[
HMJF D/[ K[P
;L:8LS VMJZL YJFGF SFZ6M o VF ZMU p\RL N}W pt5FNG 1FDTFJF/L VG[ BF; SZLG[ ;\SZ VM,FNGL
UFIMDF\ ;F{YL JW] HMJF D/[ K[P H[ 5|F6LVMG[ SM-DF\ AF\WL ZFBJFDF\ VFJTF CMI TYF H[G[ S;ZT S[ 5}ZTM
;}I"5|SFX D/TM G CMI T[DF\ 56 VF ZMU JW] YTF H6FI K[P VF ZMU NZ[S p\DZGF 5|F6LVMDF\ Y. XS[ K[P
5Z\T] T[ ALHFYL 5F\RDF\ 5|;J ;]WLGF UF/FDF\ lJX[QF YFI K[P
,F1Fl6S lRgCM o ;L:8LS VMJZLYL 5L0FTL UFIM D]bItJ[ A[ 5|SFZGF\ lRgCM NXF"J[ K[P s!f 5X] DFNF
SFDMgDFNF sGLdOMD[GLVFSf sZf kT]SF/ VEFJP
5X] DFNF SFDMgDFNF UFIMGF\ VD}S 8SF SFIDL J[TZGF\ lRgCM NXF"J[ K[P HIFZ[ ALHL UFIM JFZ\JFZ
VlGIlDT V\TZ[ ,F\AM ;DI ;]WL J[TZGF\ TLJ| lRgCM ATFJ[ K[P VFJL UFIM VXF\T VG[ pgDFNDF\ CMI K[P
JFZ\JFZ AZF0[ K[4 SIFZ[S DFZS6L AGL HFI K[ VG[ ALHL UFI S[ ;F\-G[ 5MTFGL p5Z 9[SJF N[ K[ 5Z\T]
DM8FEFU[ VFJL UFIM ALHL UFIM4 E[\;M p5Z S[ VgI :YFIL lGHL"J J:T]VM p5Z 56 S]N[ K[P VFJL
lGdOMD[GLVFS UFIM ;F\-GL DFOS J[TZDF\ VFJTL VG[ J[TZ VFJ[,L UFIMG[ lG5]6TFYL VM/BL SF-[ K[P VG[
T[GF p5Z 9[SJF 5|ItG SZ[ K[P J[TZGF lRgCMJF/L VFJL UFIM JFZ\JFZ ALHNFG S[ S]NZTL ;DFUD YJF KTF\
ZH:B,GGF\ VEFJ[ ;UEF" YTL GYLP
H[ UFIM kT]SF/ VEFJG]\ ,1F6 NXF"J[ K[P T[ DlCGFVM ;]WL J[TZDF\ VFJTL GYL VG[ VFJ[ TM 56
:5Q8 lRgCM NXF"JTL GYLP ;FDFgI ZLT[ !5 YL Z_ 8SF UFIM S[ H[ ;L:8LS VMJZLGF ZMUYL 5L0FI K[ T[ V[S v
A[ JBT VG[ kT]RS| q J[TZGM VEFJ NXF"J[ K[P
&P JZM/ o JWFZ[ 5|DF6DF\ HFTLI pt;]STF ATFJTL DFNFG[ JZM/ SC[ K[P N}W pt5FNG DF8[ ZFB[,F -MZDF\
VF lJS'lT lJX[QF 5|DF6DF\ HMJF D/[ K[P JZM/ -MZ J\wI CMI K[P G[ T[ SFID VYJF TM VD}S ;DIG[
V\TZ[ kT]SF/GF\ ,1F6M ATFJ[ K[P VFJF\ -MZ N}W pt5FNG VMK]\ VF5[ K[P T[GF EUMQ9 ;]H[,F N[BFI K[P
VG[ 5FK/GF YF5FDF\ lJS'lT YTF\ T[G[ 5]Q9 EFU ;F\-GF H[JM N[BFI K[P
HGG T\+GF R[5L ZMUM o 5X] :JF:yIG[ V;Z SZTF\ 5lZA/MGL V;Z 5|HGG p5Z YFI K[P pNFCZ6
TZLS[ H[ ZMUDF\ TFJ VFJ[ T[JF ZMUMDF\ X]S|F6]\VMG]\ pt5FNG 38L HFI K[P VG[ TLJ| :J~5GF\ ZMUMDF\ UE"5FT
YFI K[P VFD4 ,UEU AWF ZMUM 5X]GL O/§]5TF p5Z V;Z SZ[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
27
A|];[<,M;L; o UFI4 E[\;4 3[\8F4 ASZF\4 E]\0DF\ YTM VF V[S ;F\;lU"S ZMU K[P A|];[,F HLJF6]\VMYL VF
ZMU YFI K[P 5X]DF\ A|];[,F V[AM8"; HLJF6]\ ;UEF" DFNFGF UEF"XIDF\ ZC[ K[P VF ZMUG]\ D]bI ,1F6
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VFJL DFNFVMDF\ A|];[,F HLJF6]\ CMI K[P VG[ T[ ZMU O[,FJ[ K[P A|];[,M;L;JF/L DFNFGL VMZ4
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U|\lYVMDF\ A|];[,F HLJF6]\VM ZC[ K[ VG[ ;DFUD JBT[ JLI" ;FY[ DFNFGF HGGT\+DF\ 5CM\R[ K[P VFJL ZLT[
;F\- §FZF 56 ZMU O[,FI K[P
JLA|LVM;L; o VF D{Y]HgI ZMU JLA|LVM OL8; S[ JLA|LVMIMSMDF GFDGF\ HLJF6]\VMYL 5[NF YFI K[P VF
ZMU Z5 YL &_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG YFI K[P H[ ;DIDF\ E|]6 IF UE"GM GFX YFI K[ VG[ 5|F6L
pY,M DFZ[ K[P ;F\-G[ ZMU CMI TM ZMUGM O[,FJM h05YL Y. XS[ K[P
8=FISFDMlGIF;L; o VF ZMU 8=FISMDMGF; OL8; GFDGF 5|FHLJF6]\ §FZF YFI K[P 5|HLJM ;FDFgI ZLT[
lX`GFU'rKN4 IMGL VG[ UEF"XIDF\ ZC[ K[P VF R[5YL DFNF 5|F6LVMDF\ VlGIlDT kT]RS| TYF 38L UI[,
O,LSZ6 NZ HMJF D/[ K[P 5Ll0T 5X]VMGF EUMQ8DF\YL V;FDFgI :+FJ s5FSf HMJF D/[ K[P
;UEF"J:YFGF 5|YD l+DFl;S UF/FDF\ UE"5FT YFI K[P E|]6 q UE"GM GFX YTF\ 5]8SDI UEF"XIDF\
5lZ6D[ K[P S'l+D ALHNFG V5GFJJFYL VF ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJL XSFI K[P
5]8SDI UEF"XI s5FIMD[8=Ff VF ZMUDF\ UEF"XIDF\ 5~ V[S9]\ YFI K[P VF ZMU ZHU|\YL p5Z 5L/F
D;FGL CFHZLDF\ YFI K[P NLW"SF/ UEF"XIF\TZ XMYJF/F 5X]VMDF\ VF ZMU HMJF D/[ K[P UE"G]\ GFX
5FDJ]\ VG[ 5FSsZ;Lf SZTF\ HLJF6]VMYL R[5 ,FUJFYL VF ZMUDF\ 5lZ6D[ K[P VFJ ZMUL 5X] T5F;TF\
;FDFgI ;UEF"J:TF TZLS[ lGNFG YJFGL E}, YJF XSITF K[4 T[YL IMuI lGNFG T[DH ;FZJFZ VFJxIS
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;DI[ UEF"XIDF\ 5|J[X[ K[P ;FDFgITo HLJF6]VM SMZLGLA[S8[ZLID 5FIHLGL;4 :8=[%,8MSMSF.4
:8[OF.,MSMSF.4 .SM,F.4 ALP GLS|MOMZ;4 0L%,MSMSF.4 ;F<DFG[<,F4 :I]0MDMGF; .I]"HLGMhF JU[Z[ R[5
,UF0L XS[ K[P
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VF p5ZF\T VFJF lS:;FVMDF\ UEF"XIGF 5|tIFJT"G DF8[ JW] ;DI ,FU[ K[P H[ UEF"XIF\TZ XMYG[ pT[HG
VF5[ K[P 36F lS:;FVMDF\ VF XMY JW] ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL ZC[JFYL 5|HGG 1FDTF 38F0[ K[P
VFG]JF\lXS SFZ6M o 5X]GL H]NL H]NL HFT VG[ VM,FNDF\ 5|;]lT JBT[ HgDTF ArRFGL ;\bIF H]NL H]NL
CMI K[P VFYL O/§]5TFGM VFWFZ H[ T[ 5X]GL HFT q VM,FNGF VFG]\JF\lXS A\WFZ6 p5Z ZC[ K[P 5X]
;\JW"G VG[ 5X]5F,GGF SFI"DF\ 50[,F ,MSM GF VG]EJ K[ S[4 36FGL ALHL UFI VG[ T[GF J\XGL
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28
S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5X]VMDF\ VUtITF4 OFINF VG[ DIF"NFVM
0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[PVFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F VG[ 0F[P HLPALP ;M,\SL
5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
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5X] ;\JW"G V[ 5X]5F,G 1F[+DF\ VlJEFHLT V\U AGL UI] K[P VFH[ ljF`JGF 5|UlTXL, N[XMDF\ (_ YL )_
8SF 5X] ;\J"WG S'l+DALHNFGYL YFI K[P YLHJ[, JLI"G[ S]l+D ALHNFG VG[ UE"5|tIFZM56GL 5wWlTVM
5X] ;\J"WG 1F[+[ GJL l1FlTHM ;Z SZL K[ TYF T[GF 5|X\;GLI 5lZ6FDM ,MSMV[ GHZ[ lGCF?IF K[P
S'l+dF ALHNFGGL VUtITF o
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VMKF HFGJZ ZFBTF\ DwID S[ l;DF\T 5X]5F,SMG[ GA/F ;F\-v5F0FGF lGEFJGL S[ DM\3F ;F\-v5F0F
BZLNJFGL H~Z ZC[TL GYLP
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CM. T[G]\ ;\TlT 5ZL1F6 B]A H ;Z/ VG[ h05YL SZL XSFI K[P
5|F6LGF D{Y]GHgI ;F\;lU"S S[ R[5L ZMUM H[JFS[4 R[5L UE"5FT sA|];[,M;L;f4 S[d5F.,MA[S8[ZLVM;L;4
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5|HGG T\+GL jIFl3VMYL 5L0FTF\ ;F\-v5F0FVMGL VM/B K86L S[ lGSF,s Cullingf G]\ SFD JW] ;Z/
AgI]\ K[P
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K[ S[ GCL JU[Z[ HF6L XSFI K[P TYF T[GF HGGF\UMGL S]ZRGF4 ZMUM4 jI\wItJ JU[Z[ AFATMG]\ IMuI lGNFG4
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5X]5F,S[ J[TZ[ VFJ[, UFIvE[\;G[ GZGL p5,laWGF VEFJ[ VM,JF. HJF N[JL 50TL GYL TYF VF
5wWlTYL 5X]5F,SM 5MTFGF 5|F6LGL DFJHT SZJF T[DH VJ,MSGGL GM\W ZFBJF 5|[ZFI K[P
5;\NULGF p¿D ;F\-v5F0FGF YLHJ[, JLI"YL UFIvE[\;G[ 3[Z A[9F VMKF BR[" O[/JL4 N[X S[ N]lGIFGF
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29
YLHJ[, JLI"G[ VG\TSF/ ;]WL T[H l:YlTDF ;\U|CL XSFT]\ CMJFYL l;wW ;F\-v5F0FGM D]<IJFG JLI"GM
DC¿D p5IMU Y. XS[ K[P HIFZ[ 5|JFCL JLI"G[ JW]DF\ JW] $ YL * lNJ;[ JF5ZL O[\SL N[J]\ 50[ K[P
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S[g£M 5Z DMS,FJFDF\ VFJT]\ CMJFYL4 5|JFCL JLI"GL ;ZBFD6LV[ T[GL C[ZO[Z4 ;FWGM VG[ ;DIGM N]jI"I
TYF SIFZ[S JLI"GL ALGp5,laW H[JL D]xS[,LVM lGJFZL XSFI K[P
JLI" YLHJJFGL 5|lS|IFDF\ 5|lTH{lJSM pD[ZL4 T[G]\ SZ[, JLI" RMSS; 5|SFZGL S;M8LVMDF\ 5FZ pTIF" AFN
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5lwWlTYL D[/JL ALHNFG DF8[ JF5ZL XSFI K[P V[ H ZLT[ ;FZF l;wW GZGF\ YLHJ[, JLI"YL T[GF\ D]tI]
AFN 56 JQFM" ;]WL ;\TlT 5F%T SZL XSFI K[P
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T[JF lS:;FDF\ VF 5wWlT VlT p5IMUL 5]ZJFZ Y. K[P
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30
VMKF ;DIDF\ JW] HFGJZM O[/JL XSFI K[P
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31
S'l+D ALHNFG 5wWlT GM 5|FIMlUS VeIF;
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32
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GF>8=MHG Sg8[>GZ4
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YM.\U AFY q 8A4
YDM"DL8Z4 SFTZ4
.g:8=]D[G :8[ZL,F.hZ4
UDA]84 V[5|MG4 ;FA]4 8L:I] 5[5Z S[ ~4
5M,LYLGGF\ AG[,F 0L:5MhA, CFY DMHF\4
V[5|MG4 DF:S4 RxDF\ JU[Z[[PP
JLI"G]\ YM.\U (Thawing) VG[ ALHNFG o
YLHJ[, JLI"G[ ALHNFG DF8[ p5IMUDF\ ,[TF 5C[,F\ 3GDF\YL 5|JFCL :J~5DF\ ,FJJ]\ H~ZL K[P VF
DF8[ YLHJ[, JLI"GL :8=MG[ #*_ ;[P TF5DFGJF/F 5F6LDF\ !5 YL Z_ ;[Sg0 ;]WL 5LUF/JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[G[
ccYM\.Ucc SC[ K[P
YLHJ[, JLI"G]\ YM.\U SZTF\ 5C[,F ALHNFG DF8[ VFJ[, DFNF 5|F6L J[TZDF\ K[ S[ S[Dm T[GL BFTZL SZL
,[JL4 SFZ6S[ V[S JBT 5LUF/[, JLI"GL :8=MG[ OZL YLHJL J5ZFXDF\ ,[JL XSI GYLP
ALHNFG UG T{IFZ SZTF\ 5C[,F YLHJ[, JLI" S[ H[ 5|JFCL GF.8=MHGDF\ v!)&_ ;[P TF5DFG[ CMI K[
T[G[ 5|F6L XZLZGF\ TF5DFG[ #*_ ;[P ,FJJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P YM.\U SZ[, :8=MG[ ;]SF DBD,GF ~DF,YL VYJF
8L:I] 5[5Z S[ ~ YL SMZL SZL 5KL H S'l+D ALHNFG UGDF\ D]SJLP
;LD[G :8=MGL A[[ AFH]VM s,[AMZ[8ZL %,U TYF O[S8ZL %,Uf 5{SLGF ,[AMZ[8ZL %,UGM EFU p5ZGL
AFH]V[[ ZC[ T[D V[P VF.P UGDF\ UM9JJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;LD[G :8=MGF VF %,UG[ UGGF K[0FYL ! ;[PDLP N]ZYL
T[GL ,\AF.GF SF8B}6[ TL16 SFTZYL SF5L T[GF p5Z %,F:8LSGL H\T]ZCLT XLY A[;F0JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
VF ZLT[ T{IFZ SZ[, ALHNFG UGYL 3M0LDF\ ZFB[, J[TZ[ VFJ[, DFNF 5|F6LG]\ XF\lT5}J"S RMS;F.YL
D/FXI wJFZF CFY D]SL Z[S8M JHFIG, 5wWlTYL J{7FlGS -A[ 5 YL !_ lDlG8DF\ H UEF"XI U|LJFGF
DwIEFU[ ALHNFG SZJ]\P
ALHNFG AFN :8=M p5Z KF5[, DFlCTL H[ v T[ O[/J[, 5|F6LGL lJUT ;FD[ ALHNFG ZHL:8ZDF\ GM\W
,[JLP
SF/HL o
s!f JLI"G]\ YM.\U SZTF\ 5C[,F\ sV[PVF.PUG T{IFZ SZTF\ 5C[,F\f 5|F6L UZDLDF\ K[ S[ GCL T[GL BF; T5F;
SZL ,[JL HM.V[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
33
sZf VF SFI" SZTL JBT[ 5M,LYLGGF\ AG[,F\ l0:5Mh[A, CFY DMHFGM p5IMU SZJMP S'l+D ALHNFG SZTF\
5C[,F\ 5X]GL U]NFDF\ ;FA]JF/M CFY D]SLG[ ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST KF6 N]Z SZ[ K[P
s#f ALHNFG SZTF\ 5C[,F\ 5X]GL U]NF VG[ IMGLGM AFCI EFU ;FZL ZLT[ ;FO SZJF HM.V[P
s$f ALHNFGGF\ SFDDF\ J5ZFTF\ AWF H ;FWGM lGHL"JLSZ6 SZ[,F CMJF HM.V[P
s5f VF SFI" B]A H RLJ8YL SZJ]\ HM.V[ GCL TM DFNF 5X]GF 5|HGG VJIJMG[ G]S;FG YJF ;\EJ K[P
s&f H[ ;F\-G]\ ALH JF5ZJ]\ CMI4 T[GL RMS;F. SZL ,[JL HM.V[P
s*f UEF"XIG]\ D]B A\W CMI TM A/HAZLYL T[G[ BM,J]\ GCL T[J]\ SZJFDF\ SD/G[ .HF YFI K[ VG[ 5X]
UFE6 CMI TM TZJF. HJFGL 5]ZL ;\EFJGF ZC[ K[P
s(f NZ[S DFNF HFGJZ DF8[ GJL H H\T]ZlCT XLYGM p5IMU SZJMP H[YL ;\S|FDS S[ R[5L ZMUMGM O[,FJM
V8SFJL XSFIP
S'l+D ALHNFGDF\ ;DIUF/FG]\ DCtJo
DFNF 5X] UZDLqJ[TZDF\ CMI tIFZ[ H S]l+D ALHNFG SZJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] UZDLSF/ NZdIFGGF[ AWM H
;DI S]l+D ALHNFG DF8[ V;ZSFZS CMTM GYLP T[YL IMuI ;DI[ ALHNFG SZJF DF8[ GLR[ D]HAGL TS[NFZL
ZFBJL HM.V[P
JLI" dFFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ 5_ S,FS ;]WL 5|HGG1FD ZCL XS[ K[P 5Z\T] Z5 S,FS AFN T[GL 5|HGG 1FDTF
n8TL HFI K[P T[YL JLI" Z5 S,FS 5C[,F DFNF 5|HGG V\UDF\ CMJ] HM.V[P 5Z\T] O,LGLSZ6 5C[,F JLI"G[
VD]S 5|SFZGF H~ZL O[ZOFZ DF8[ DFNF 5|HGG V\UMDF\ & S,FS DF8[ ZC[J] VFJxIS K[P T[YL DFNF 5|HGG
V\UMDF\ JLI"GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF &vZ5 S,FS JrR[ CMI K[P
V\05L\0DF\YL V\0 K]8] 50IF AFN Z_ S,FS 5|HGG1FD ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] V\0GL DCTD 5|HGG 1FDTF !_ S,FS
SZTF VMKF ;DIUF/FDF\ CMI K[P
UFIM tFYF E[\;MDF\ V\0qALH UZDLSF/GF V\T AFNGF VFXZ[ !_ S,FS 5KL K]8] 50[ K[P TYF
UFIMvE[\;MDF\ UZDLDF\ VYJF J[TZDF\ ZC[JFGM ;DI VFXZ[ !Z YL Z$ S,FS CMI K[P
T[YL 36F AWF X\;MWG 5ZYL TFZjI] K[ S[ UFIM TYF E[;MDF\ UZDLSF/GF pTZTF EFUDF\ V[8,[S[ HFGJZ
;F\H[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;JFZ[ ALHNFG VG[ ;JFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFjI] CMI TM ;F\H[ ALHNFG SZJFYL
UE"WFZ6 SZJFGL XSITFVM ;F{YL JWFZ[ ZC[ K[P 5Z\T] VD]S HFGJZM ;Z[ZFX SZTF JW] ;DI UZDLDF\
ZC[TM ALHF lNJ;[ 56 ALHNFG SZJ] lCTFJC K[P
S'l+D ALHNFG SZJFG] :YFGo
ALHNFG SZJF DF8[GF :YFG DF8[ 36F X\;MWGM YIF 5Z\T] NZ[S :YFGGF ,FEF ,FE HMTF SD/GF
DwIEFUDF\ ALHNFG SZJFG]\ 5|R,LT K[ SFZ6 S[ VF 5wWlTYL UEF"XIGF V\To:TZG[ .HF YJFGM S[ E|]6 GFX
YJFGL XSITF ZC[TL GYLP VFD TM V\0GF O,LGLSZ6 DF8[ V[S X]S|F6] H~ZL CMI K[ 5Z\T] VF V[S X]S|F6] T[
V\0GL lNJF, tFM0LG[ T[DF\ NFB, YJF DF8[ ALHF V;\bI X]S|F6]VMGL DNNGL H~Z K[P VFYL ALHNFG DF8[
VMKF DF\ VMKF !_ YL !5 lDl,IG HLJ\T X]S|F6]GL H~Z ZC[ K[P
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
34
0[ZL OFD" 5Z H{lJS ;]Z1FFG]\ DCtJ
0F[P V[;PV[;P5ZLB DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4 5X] pK[Z S[g£4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
0[ZL OFD"GL H{lJS ;]Z1FFDF\ OFD"GF SFDNFZMGM OF/M B]A H VUtIGM K[P OFD"GF 5X]VMG[ T\N]Z:T VG[ ZMU
D]ST ZFBJFGF T[DGF 5|IF;MG[ H OFD"GL H{lJS ;]Z1FF TZLS[ VM/BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 0[ZL OFD"GF 5X]VMDF\ ZMUGM
5|J[X VG[ T[GM O[,FJM V8SFJJM V[ H H{lJS ;]Z1FFP H{lJS ;]Z1FF 5X]VMGF DFl,S TYF 5X]VM ;FY[
;\S/FI[,F ,MSM AG[G[ ,FU] 50[ K[P H{lJS ;]Z1FF ,MSMG[ 56 Z1F6 VF5[ K[P S[D S[ 5X]VMGF S[8,FS ZMUM
H]GM8LS K[ V[8,[ S[ DF6;GL V\NZ 56 Y. XS[ K[P
0[ZL OFD"DF\ H{lJS ;]Z1FFGF\ D]/E]T 5FIF GLR[ D]HA K[P
s!f 5X]VMDF\ R[5L ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJJMP
sZf 5X]VMG[ :J:yI ZFBLG[ 5|F6L S<IF6 ;]WFZM SZJMP
s#f 5X]VMDF\ O[,FTF R[5L ZMUGF X~VFTGF TASSFG[ VM/BJMP
s$f BMZFSGF 5]ZJ9FG]\ Z1F6 SZJ]\P
;FDFgI ZLT[ ZMUGM O[,FJM A[ 5|SFZ[ YFI K[P
s!f 5|tI1F ZLT[ s V[S 5X]DF\YL ALHF 5X]DF\ YTM ZMUGM O[,FJM f VYJF4
sZf 5ZM1F ZLT[ ZMUGM O[,FJM H[D S[ A]84 ;LZL\H4 ;MI4 8=[S8Z JU[Z[ N=FZFP
H{lJS ;\Z1F6GF D]N'FVMov
s!f RMbBF.o
DF8L sW}/f4 5X]VMDF\YL GLS/TF AUF0q 5|JFCL4 ,F/ VG[ KF6 VF AWL H J:T]VM ZMUHgI
HLJF6]YL EZ5]Z CMI K[ H[ 5KL S50F4 ;FWGM VG[ JFCG £FZF ZMU O[,FJ[ K[P
5X]VMGL ;FZ;\EF/ ,[TF 5C[,F VG[ 5KL ;FA]YL CFY WMJF V[ H{lJS ;\Z1F6GM 5C[,M VG[ ;Z/
p5FI K[P
5X]VM DF8[ J5ZFTF ;FWGMGL ;OF. V[ 56 B]A H H~ZL K[P ZMULQ8 5X]VMDF\ J5ZFI[, ;FWGM
VgI :J:Y HFGJZMDF\ JF5ZJF HM.V[ GlCP HM VFJF ;FWGM J5ZFI[, CMI TM T[G[ IMuI ZLT[
H\T]GFXS NJFVMYL ;FO SZJFP
5X]VMG[ ,. HJF DF8[ J5ZFTF JFCGMG[ 56 H\T]D]ST NJFVMYL ;FO SZJF HM.V[P
5F6L DF8[ J5ZFTF CJ[/FG[ IMuI ZLT[ VG[ lGIlDT ;FOv;OF. SZJF VG[ T[ hF0YL N]Z ZFBJF H[YL
SZLG[ RFDFRL0LIF VG[ ALHF 51FLVMG[ VUFZ 5F6LDF\ G 50[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
35
BF6vNF6 VG[ 3F;RFZFGF E\0FZGL VFH] AFH] VG[ V\NZGL AFH] RMbBF. ZFBJL VG[ T[GF NZJFHF
jIJl:YT A\W Y. XS[ T[JF CMJF HM.V[P H[YL SZLG[ T[DF\ 51FLVM4 p\NZ0FVM VG[ VgI 5ZM5HLJM
5|J[XL XS[ GlCP
5X]VMGL VFH] AFH] 5F6LYL EZ[,F BF0F BFAMRLIF 5]ZL N[JFP
sZf D],FSFTLVM ov
5|JF;LVMGF VFJGvHFJG 5Z N[BZ[B ZFBJL V[ 56 ZMUGF O[,FJFG[ V8SFJJF DF8[ B]A H
DCtJG]\ K[P
D],FSFTLVM VFJ[, CMI V[DG[ 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6YL N]Z ZFBJF HM.V[P
HM D],FSFTLVM TDFZF OFD" 5Z 5|J[XTF 5C[,F SM. 5|F6LGF ;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, CMI VG[ T[JL jIlST
5F;[YL SFD ,[TF 5C[,F T[DGF CFYG[ ;FO SZJF4 H[ BF; SZLG[ 5X]lRlSt;S VG[ 5X]WG lGlZ1FS
DF8[ B]AH H~ZL K[4 TYF RMS;F. 5}J"S T[VMV[ ;FO S50F VG[ A]8 5C[Z[,F CMJF HM.V[P
s#f GJF 5|F6LVMG]\ JUL"SZ6ov s Quarantine f
GJF 5X]VMG[ OFD" 5Z ,FJTF 5C[,F #_ lNJ; DF8[ V,U N[BZ[B C[9/ ZFBJF HM.V[P
ZMULQ8 HFGJZYL T[DH ZMUU|:T HuIFYL T\N]Z:T HFGJZG[ V,U ,. HJF HM.V[4 H[YL ZMUGF
H\T]VM ZMULQ8 5X]DF\YL T\N]Z:T 5X]DF\ VFJTF\ V8SFJL XSFIP
GJF 5X]VMGF BMZFS 5F6LGL jIJ:YF 56 V,U CMJL HM.V[P
GJF 5X]VMG[ OFD"DF\ 5|J[X SZFJTF 5C[,F T[DG[ NJFI]ST 5F6L sO]8AFYf DF\YL 5;FZ SZJF HM.V[P
GJF 5X]VMG[ W6DF\ 5|J[XTF 5C[,F R[5L ZMUMGL Z;L VF5JL H~ZL K[P
s$f Z;LSZ6 sVaccinationfov
Z;LSZ6 R[5L ZMUMG[ V8SFJJFDF\ VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P
R[5L ZMUM H[JF S[4 BZJF DMJF;F4 U/;]\-M4 UF\9LIM TFJ4 1FI4 R[5L UE"5FT4 SF/LIF TFJG]\ ;DIF\TZ[
Z;LSZ6 SZJ]\ B]AH H~ZL K[P H[YL ZMUGM O[,FJM V8SFJL XSFI K[P
Z;L VF5TF 5C[,F T[GL pt5FNS T[DH GFX TFZLB HMJL H~ZL K[ T[DH 5X]G[ S. ZLT[ VF5J]\ s:GFI]
q RFD0LGL GLR[f T[ 56 VUtIG]\ K[P
s5f DFlCTL ZFBJL (Record)ov
NFB, YTF\ VG[ ACFZ HTF\ 5|F6LVMGL lJ:T'T HF6SFZL ZFBJL4 H[JL S[ 5|F6L SIFZ[ VG[ SIF\YL
VFJ[, K[4 TYF :Y/F\TZGL TFZLB VG[ SM. VM/B q lRgCGL GM\W ,[JLP VF AWL DFlCTL ZMURF/F
lGI\+6 DF8[ H~ZL K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
36
OFD" 5Z SFD SZTF\ NZ[S jIlSTGL VFJFvHFJFGM ;DI VG[ T[GL lJ:T'T HF6SFZL TYF OMG G\P GL
DFlCTL ZFBJLP
s&f 5F,T] VG[ H\U,L 5|F6LVMDF\ TOFJTov
5F,T] VG[ H\U,L 5|F6LVM H[JFS[ S]TZF4 AL,F0F4 lXIF/ JU[Z[ 5X]VMG[ G]SXFGSTF" K[ VG[ ZMUGF
O[,FJF DF8[ 56 HJFANFZ K[ T[DGM OFD"DF\ 5|J[X V8SFJJM B]A H H~ZL K[P
5F,T] 51FLVMG[ H\U,L 51FLVM ;FY[ ZFBJF HM.V[ GlCP
NF6 VG[ 5F6L H\U,L 51FLVMG[ VFSQF[" GlC V[D ZFBJF HM.V[P
s*f ZMUGL HF6 SZJL ov
HM 5X]VM S[ 51FLDF\ ZMUGF lRgCM H[JF S[4 BMZFS G BFJM4 GFSDF\YL 5|JFCL lGS/J]\ 4 VF\BM ,F, YJL4
N}W pt5FNG 38J]\4 JFnM/JFG]\ A\W SZJ]\ 4 pE] G YJ]\4 DM-FDF\YL ,F/ 50JL4 ,\U0FJJ]\ JU[Z[PPHMJF
D/[ TM TFtSF,LS WMZ6[ 5X] lRlSt;SG[ HF6 SZJLP
s(f BL~ sColostrumf ov
;FDFgI ZLT[ ArRFGF\ HgD 5KL V0WF S,FSDF\ BL~ 5LJ0FJJFGM VFU|C ZFBJM HM.V[P
T[ ArRFGL ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlSTDF\ JWFZM SZ[ K[P
T[DF\ ZC[,F 5MQFSTtJM XZLZGF\ J'lwW VG[ lJSF; DF8[ B]A H p5IMUL K[P
J/L T[ V[S Z[RS 5NFY" TZLS[ 56 SFD SZ[ K[P H[ 5[8 ;FO SZJFDF\ B]A H p5IMUL GLJ0[ K[P
GM\W ov 0[ZL OFD" 5Z VSF/[ D'tI] 5FD[,F NZ[S HFGJZG]\ 5X] lRlSt;S N=FZF 5M:8DM8"D SZFJJ]\ B]A H H~ZL
K[P H[G[ H{lJS ;]Z1FFG]\ 5|YD 5UlYI\] DFGJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
37
5X]VMDF\ JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZJFGL ALDFZL VG[ T[G]\ lGZFSZ6
0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ
5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
5X]5F,SM wJFZF SZFTL OZLIFNMDF\ D]bItJ[ T[VMGF HFGJZMG[ ;DI;Z O[/JJF KTF\ JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\
5FKF OZ[ K[ VYJF TM pY,F DFZ[ K[ T[ K[P VFGF SFZ6[ 5|F6L lJIF6 5C[,F sJFKZ0Lv5F0Lf S[ lJIF6 AFN
sUFIvE[\;f AC] H DM0L UFE6 YFI K[P VG[ 5|YD lJIF6GL p\DZ S[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM UF/M JWTM HFI K[P
VF ;DIUF/M JWTF 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S ZLT[ DM8]\ G]S;FG J[9J]\ 50[ K[P
DFNF HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ T[GF V\0FXIDF\ V\0 5]bT YFI K[P VG[ VF V\- T{IFZ YFI tIFZ[
V\0FXIDF\ V\0F6]\GL VF;5F; H[ 5|FJCL CMI T[DFGF .:8=MHGG[ SFZ6[ DFNFDF\ J[TZGF lRCGM HMJF D/[ K[P
GZ ;FY[ ;DFUDGF SZ6[ GZDF\YL DFNFGL IMlGDF\ SD/ 5F;[ VYJF S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5wWlTDF\ ALHNFG
G/L wJFZF JLI" SD/DF\ D]SJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF JLI"DF\YL X]S|F6] Ol,GLSZ6GL HuIF ;]WL sV\0FJFlCGLDF\f
UEF"XIDF\YL C,GR,G SZTF q TZTF 5CM\RL HFI K[ VG[ V\0G[ Ol,T SZJF DF8[GL XlST D[/J[ K[P DFNFDF\
J[TZGM ;DIUF/M 5}ZM YIF AFN V\0FXIDF\YL V\0 K]8] 50[ K[ VG[ T[ V\0JFlCGLDF\ VFJ[ K[ HIF\ X]S|F6]YL T[G]\
Ol,GLSZ6 YFI K[P
pY,F DFZJFGF SZ6Mov
!P 5|HGG T\+GF VJIJMGL HgDHFT BFDLVM
ZP V\04 X]S|F6] S[ E|'6DF\ HGLGMGL BFDL VYJF JIMJ'lwWP
#P R[5 VYJF 5|HGGT\+GF VJIJMGM ;MHM
$P V\To:+FIMG 5[NF SZTL U|\lYVMGF SFI"DF\ BFDL
5P 5X]VMGL ;FZv;\EF/ VG[ 5MQF6GL BFDLP
p5ZMST SFZ6MG[ ,LW[ D]bItJ[ V\0GF Ol,GLSZ6DF\ VF0 pEL YFI K[ VYJF TM E'|6GM GFX YFI K[P
V\04X]S|F6] S[ E'|6GL HGLGGL4 HgDHFT S[ 5FK/YL pEL YI[,4 BFDLVMG[ SFZ6[ E'6GM lJSF; YTM GYL VG[
E'6 X~VFTGF TASSFDF\H D'tI] 5FD[ K[ VG[ HFGJZ OZL J[TZDF\ HMJF D/[ K[P VF DF8[ GZ 5|F6LVMGF
X]S|F6]DF\ HgDHFT HGLGGL BFDLVM TYF Z\U;}+GL BFDLVM D]bItJ[ CMI K[P
5|HGG VJIJMDF\ R[5GF SFZ6[ TYF ;MHM VFJJFG[ SFZ6[ S]NZTL ;DFUD wJFZF 5|JX[, VYJF
S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF D]S[, X]S|F6] GFX 5FD[ K[ VG[ V\0G]\ Ol,GLSZ6 SZL XSTF GYLP T[D KTF\ HM X]S|F6]
wJFZF V\0G]\ Ol,GLSZ6 YFI TM Ol,T V\0 +6vRFZ lNJ; AFN V\0JFlCGLDF\YL UEF"XIDF\ VFJ[ K[P HIF\
V\0G]\ SMQFlJEFHGYL E'6DF\ ~5F\TZ YFI K[P 5Z\T] VF DF8[ H~ZL 5MQF6 UEF"XIDF\ R[5q ;MHFG[ SFZ6[ D/L
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
38
ZC[T]\ GYLP R[5 ,FUJGF D]bI SFZ6MDF\ ;DFUDqALHNFG wJFZF O[,FTF HLJF6]VM4 lJQFF6]VM TYF
5ZM5HLJLVM CMI K[P VF HLJF6]VM S[ lJQFF6]VMG[ SFZ6[ IMlG4 SD/4 UEF"XI VG[ V\0JFlCGLDF\ ;MHM VFJ[
K[P
5|HGGT\+GF SFI" DF8[ DUHDF\YL pt5gG YTF :+FJMGF SFZ6[ l5rI]8ZL U\|LyDF\YL V\To:+FJM 5[NF
YFI K[P H[ V\0FXIqJ'QF6 p5Z V;Z SZ[ K[P V\0FXIDF\ V\0 pt5gG YFI K[ TIFZ[ DFNF J[TZGF lRCGM ATFJ[
K[P tIFZ AFN V\0lJDMRG YFI K[ VG[ 5]bT V\0 V\0FXIDF\YL K]8]\ 50L V\0JFlCGLDF\ VFJ[ K[4 HIF\ T[G]\
Ol,GLSZ6 YFI K[P VF Ol,T V\0DF\YL SMQFlJEFHG wJFZF E'6 AG[ K[P E'6GF lJSF; ;]WLGF VF TASSFVM
NZdIFG V\To:+FJMG]\ IMUI 5|DF6 H/JF. ZC[J]\ H~ZL K[P HM V\To:+FJM IMuI 5|DF6DF\ G CMI TM J[TZGF
lRCGM :5Q8 HMJF G D/[4 V\0 T[GL 5]bTTF ;]WL G 5CM\R[4 V\0lJDMRG ;DI;Z G YFI VYJF TM ;N\TZ G
YFI4 V\0lJDMRG AFN V\0FXI 5Z AGTM 5L/M D;M H[ 5|MH[:8LZMG V\To:+FJ 5[NF SZ[ K[ T[ 5}ZTF 5|DF6DF\
CMTM GYL VG[ T[YL E'6G[ 5]ZT]\ 5MQF6 D/T]GYL VG[ E'6 GFX 5FD[ K[P VFG[ SF6[ DFNF OZL J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[4
H[G[ VF56[ pY,F DFIM" T[D SCLV[ KLV[P
HFGJZMGL ;FZv;\EF/ VG[ T[VMGF 5MQF6 BFDLVM JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\ 5FKF OZJF DF8[GF ;FDFgI
SFZ6M K[P HIFZ[ VF56L 5F;[ JWFZ[ HFGJZM CMI VG[ T[DF\ S'l+D ALHNFG SZFJTF\ CM.V[ tIFZ[ HFGJZMGL
N[BEF/DF\ lGQSF/HLGF SFZ6M;Z J[TZDF\ VFJTF\ 5Z\T] GCL\ VM/BL XSFTF HFGJZMGL ;\bIF JWTL HFI K[P
H[D HFGJZMGL ;\bIF JW]4 T[D T[VMG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIF K[ S[ GCL T[ HMJF T[DH ;\EF/ DF8[ D/TM ;DI VMKM
D/[P VFD HFGJZGM J[TZDF\ VFjIFGM RMSS; ;DIGM bIF, G ZC[ VG[ ;FY[ O[/JJF DF8[GF ;DIDF\ 56
VRMSS;TF YFI VG[ VFD Ol,GLSZ6q UEF"WFGGL XSITFVM VMKL YTL HFI K[P
HFGJZ HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ tIFZ[ T[G[ 5]ZT]\ 5MQF6 VG[ XlST D/TL CMJL HM.V[ VG[ T[ pt;FCDF\
CMJ]\ HM.V[P DM8FEFU[ lJIF6AFN HFGJZG]\ JHG VMK]\ YT] HFI4 N}W pt5FNG JWT]\ HFI T[ ;DI[ 5}ZT]\
5MQF6 D/J]\ HM.V[P JW] N}W pt5FNG VF5TF\ HFGJZMDF\ 5MQF6GM bIF, ZFBJM BF; H~ZL K[PVF p5ZF\T
JFTFJZ6DF\ UZDL JWFZ[ 50JFYL HFGJZ 5Z VJ/L V;Z 50[ K[P kT]RS| NZdIFG kT]SF/GM ;DI VMKM
Y. HFI K[[ VG[ HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ VM/BJF TYF O[/JJFGF ;DIDF\ O[ZOFZ Y. HFI K[P HFGJZMG[ ;DI;Z
G O[/JL XSFTF\ T[VM J[TZDF\ 5FKF OZ[ K[q pY,F DFZ[ K[P
S]NZTL ;DFUD wJFZF O[/JFTF HFGJZMDF\ DFNF HIFZ[ J[TZDF\ CMI tIFZ[ GZ ;FY[ S]NZTL ;DFUD
XSI AGTM CMI K[ VG[ IMuI ;DI[4 IMuI HuIFV[ IMlGDF\ GZ wJFZF JLI" :Bl,T SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[[P VF DF8[
GZ T[GF X]S|F6] wJFZF DFNFGF V\0G[ Ol,T SZJFGL XlST WZFJTM CMJM H~ZL K[P N}W pt5FNG JWFZJFGF C[T]YL
GZGF AN,[ JW] V[S DFNF HFGJZ ZFBL N}W pt5FNG JWFZL XSFI TYF GZGF ;\TlT 5lZ1F6 AFN T[GF JLI"YL
S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF ;FZL VM,FN D[/JL XSFI T[ DF8[ S'l+D ALHNFGGL 5wWlT p5IMUDF\ VFJL K[P 5Z\T]
S'l=+D ALHNFGGL VF 5wWlTDF\ HM JLI"G]\ IMUI 5lZ1F64 TG}SZ64 HTG4 lYHFJJFGL 5|lS|IF T[DH S'l=+D
ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST wJFZF HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ K[ S[ GCL\ T[ VM/BJFGL XlST 4 HFGJZ UFE6 GYL T[
VM/BJFGL XlST4 JLI"G[ IMuI HuIFV[ SD/DF\ ALHNFG SZJFGL VFJ0T lJU[Z[ G CMI TM 56 HFGJZ
JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZ[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
39
lGJFZ6GF p5FIMov
HFGGJZMDF\ pY,F DFZJFGF SFZ6MG[ ;DHLV[ VG[ T[G]\ IMuI lGNFG VG[ ;FZJFZ SZFJLV[ TM pY,F
DFZJFGF SFZ6MG]\ lGJFZ6 Y. XS[P VF DF8[
!P 5X]5F,S[ 5MTFGF HFGJZG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIFGL VM/B S[/JJL B}A H H~ZL K[4 T[ DF8[ HFGJZ
HIFZ[ ,F/L SZ[4 VFZ0[qAZF0[4 JFZ\JFZ 5[XFA SZ[4 ALHF HFGJZM p5Z 9[S[ JU[Z[ lRCGM ATFJ[ tIFZ[
IMuI ;DI[ O[/jIFq ALHNFG SZJF ,. HJ]\P
ZP HFGJZG[ S'l+D ALHNFG DF8[ ,. H.V[ tIFZ[ S'l+D ALHNFG SZGFZ jIlST IMuI lX1F6 VG[
VG]EJ WZFJTM CMJM HM.V[P
#P 5]bT p\DZ[ 5CM\RTF VG[ lJIF6 AFN J[TZDF\ VFJJFGF ;DI NZdIFG HFGJZMDF\ 5}ZTL DFJHT
VG[ 5MQF6 B}A H H~ZL K[P HFGJZG[ 5}ZTM 5MQF61FD VFCFZ GCL D/TM CMI TM T[GF UFE6
YJFGL XSITFVM VMKL YTL HFI K[ VG[ HFGJZ JFZ\JFZ pY,F DFZ[ K[P
$P HIFZ[ lYHFJ[, S[ 5|JFCL JLI"YL S'l+D ALHNFG wJFZF HFGJZG[ O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMI tIFZ[ JLI"G]\
5ZL1F64 TG]SZ64 HTG4 lYHJJFGL 5|lS|IF4 lYHJ[, JLI"G[ OZL 5|JFCL :J~5DF\ ,FJJFGL 5|lS|IF
JU[Z[ NZdIFG 5}ZTL SF/HL ,[JFJL HM.V[P
5P OFD"DF\ qTA[,FDF\ VF56FYL XSI CMI T[8,F H HFGJZM ZFBJF HM.V[P JW] HFGJZM ZFBJFYL
T[VMG[ BMZFS4 5F6L4 TYF VgI DFJHT VG[ J[TZDF\ VFjIF K[ S[ GCL\ T[ HF6JF DF8[ 5}ZTM ;DI
VF5L XSFTM GYLP VG[ HFGJZMGM J[TZDF\ VFjIFGM IMuI ;DI S/L XSTM GYLP VFD YJFYL
ALHNFGGM IMuI ;DI H/JFTMGYL VG[ HFGJZG[ O[/JJF KTF\ JFZ\JZ J[TZDF\ VFJ[ K[P VG DF8[
VF6L 5F;[GL XSI ;UJ0MGM 5}Z[5}ZM lJRFZ SZLG[ T[8,FH HFGJZM VF56[ ZFBJF HM.V[P
&P pGF/FDF\ JW] UZDL CMI tIFZ[ HFGJZMG[ 9\0SDF\ AF\WJF H~ZL K[P T[VMG[ ,L,M RFZM 5}ZTF 5|DF6DF\
VF5JM HM.V[P 5LJF DF8[ 5F6L 5}ZT]\ VF5J]\ HM.V[ VG[ AGL XS[ TM HFGJZMG[ lNJ;DF\ +6vRFZ
JBT 9\0] 5F6L KF\8J]\ HM.V[P
*P HFGJZMDF\ R[5L ZMUGF CMI 5Z\T] V\To:+FJGL p65GF SFZ6[ JFZ\JFZ J[TZDF\ VFJTF CMI TM T[JF
HFGJZMDF\ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ lGNFG SZFJL V\To:+FJMGL p65 N}Z SZFJL XSFIP
(P GZ VG[ DFNG HFGJZMDF\ VYJF S'l+D ALHNFG SZFJTF CM.V[ TM JLI"DF\ R[5L ZMUM O[,FTF\
HLJF6]VM4 lJQFF6]VM S[ 5ZM5HLJM G CMJF HM.V[P VF DF8[ HIFZ[ 56 ACFZYL HFGJZ ,FJLV[
tIFZ[ HM.vT5F;LG[ VG[ YM0F lNJ; T[G[ V,U ZFBLG[ wIFG VF5J]\ H~ZL K[ S[ T[DF\ SM. ZMU TM
GYLP tIFZAFN H VF56F ALHF HFGJZM ;FY[ T[G[ ZFBJ]\P HM HFGJZ R[5L ZMU WZFJT]\ CMI TM T[GL
IMuI ;FZJFZ HF6SFZ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ SZFJJL H~ZL K[P
)P DFNFGF Ol,GLSZ6 DF8[ H[ GZ p5IMUDF\ ,[TF CM.V[ T[GF HGLGMqZ\U;}+MGL RSF;6L YJL H~ZL
K[ VG[ T[GF X]S|F6]VMDF\ VFG]J\lXS VYJF HgDHFT BFDLVM G CMI T[ HF6J]\ H~ZL K[P
!_P HgDHFT S[ HGGLI BFDLJF/F HFGJZMG]\ lGNFG HF6SFZ 5X]lRlSt;S 5F;[ SZFJLV[ VG[ T[DF
;FZJFZ XSI G CMI TM T[JF HFGJZMGM lGSF, SZLV[P
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
40
5X] 5|HGGDF\ GZ 5X]G]\ DCtJ 0MPV[PVFZPVC,FJT4 0MP5LPV[RPJF8,LIF4 0MPJL[PALP0M\UZ[4 0MPHLPV[;P;MGJ6[
V[GLD, HLG[8LS; VG[ A|L0L\U lJEFU
5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
SM.56 U]6WD"GF\ lJSF; DF8[ T[GL VFG]J\XLS 1FDTF VG[ T[ BL,JJF DF8[GF\ VG]S]/ ;\HMUM
VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P T[H ZLT[ JW] N]W pt5FNG D[/JJF DF8[ 5X]VMGL VFG]J\XLS 1FDTF JWFZJF VG[
VG]S]/ ;\HMUM pEF SZJF DF8[ J{7FlGS VlEUD V5GFJJM H~ZL K[P VFYL 5X] ;\JW"G V[JL ZLT[ SZJ]
HM.V[ S[ H[YL 5X]VMGL ;\bIFDF\ JWFZM YFI GCL 5Z\T] JW] pt5FNG 1FDTF DF8[GF\ VFG]J\XLS U]6M WZFJTF
5X]VM 5[NF SZL T[DG[ 5]ZTM BMZFS VG[ DFJHT VF5L pt5FNG JWFZJ] HM.V[P VMK] N]W pt5FNG 1FDTF
JF/F VG[ ALG pt5FNS 5X]VMG]\ ;\JW"G V8SFJLV[ TM H VF XSI AG[P
S'l+D ALHNFGGF\ ,FEvU[Z,FEo
,FEo
5X] pWMUDF\ ;FZF ;F\-v5F0FGF\ lJI"GM ElJQIGL VM,FN ;]WFZJF TYF T[DF\ VFG]J\XLS U]6M ;]WFZJF
DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJL XS[ K[P
5X]VMDF\ HFTLI VG[ VgI ZMUM p5Z SFA] D[/JJF XSI AG[P
5X]VMDF\ HFTLI VG[ VgI S'+LD ALHNFGYL O[/JJFDF\ VFJTF CMJFYL GM\W5+SG]\ DCtJ JwI]P
HIFZ[ VFG]J\XLS OFINFGL U6+L SZLV[ tIFZ[ S'+LD ALHNFG 5wWTL JW] SZS;ZI]ST ;FALT Y.P
SFA]DF\ G ZCL XSTF ;F\-v5F0FVMGF\ lGSF,YL N]WF/F HFGJZM ZFBTF B[0}TM VG[ VgI HFGJZMGL
DFJHTDF\ 36L D]xS[,LVM VMKL YFI K[P
U[Z,FEo
5X] DFl,SMV[ T[DGF\ 5X]VMDF\ S'+LD ALHNFG DF8[ T[ J[TZDF\ VFJ[, K[ T[ VM/BTF JW] ;DI
OF/JJM 50[ K[P
S'+LD ALHNFG SZJF DF8[ TF,LD ,LW[, jIlST H HFGJZMDF\ IMuI UE"WFZ6NZ D[/JL XS[P
5|F6LVMDF\ J\XHGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo
VF ZLTDF\ 5|F6VMGF\ 5}J"HMGF T[DH GHLSGF ;A\WLVMGF\ pt5FNS U]6M 5ZYL 5|F6LGL 5;\NUL
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P DFTFvl5TF TZOYL ;\TFGG[ VW"F ,1F6M JFZ;FDF\ D/[ K[P T[ DF8[ GHLSGF\ l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6M
5Z JWFZ[ VFWFZ ZFBL XSFI GCLP SFZ6 S[ H[D H[D ;A\WGL S1FF N]ZGL YTL HFI T[D ;DFG ,1F6MG]\ 5|DF6
38T] HFI K[P H[ 5|F6LVMGF\ jIlSTUT ,1F6M ;\5}6" ZLT[ HF6L G XSFI sNFPTP JFKZ0L4 pKZTM ;F\- JU[Z[f
T[JF 5|F6LVM DF8[ J\XFJ,LGF ,1F6MGL DFlCTL 5|FYDLS 5;\NUL 5]ZTL p5IMUL GLJ0[ K[P JW] GHLSGF\
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
41
l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6MGL DFlCTL jIlSTUT U]6M p5ZYL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ 5]ZS ~5[ ;CFIE]T AGL XS[ K[P JW]DF\
GHLSGF\ l5T'VMGF\ ,1F6MGL DFlCTL jIlSTUT U]6M p5ZYL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ 5]ZS ~5[ ;CFIE]T AGL XS[ K[P
VF ZLTGL 5;\NULYL 5|F6L S[J] YX[ T[8,] H VG]DFG AF\WL XSFI K[P
S]8]\AGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo
TNG GHLSGM ;A\W WZFJTF 5|F6LVM sNFPTP ;UF EF.vAC[Gf VG[ l5TZF. V[S S]8]\AGF\ ;eIM
CMJFYL T[DGF\ 56 ;DFG ,1F6M CMI K[P T[DF V;Z SFZS p5IMU SZJF VFJF S]8]\AGF\ ;eIMGF ,1F6M p5ZYL
5|F6LVMGL ;\JW"G DF8[ 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P HM S[ SM.56 5|F6LG[ T[GF ;A\WLVM TZOYL ,1F6M JFZ;FDF\
D/[,F CMTF GYL 5Z\\T] AgG[GF\ pT5FNS ,1F6M 5Z ;DFG 5}J"HGF ,1F6MGL ;A\WGL S1FFGF 5|DF6DF\ V;Z
VFJTL CMI K[P
;\TFGMGF ,1F6M 5ZYL 5;\NULo
5|F6L BZ[BZ S[J] K[m T[ CSLST T[6[ T[GF ;\TFGMG[ JFZ;FDF\ VF5[,F ,1F6M 5ZYL 5FZBL XSFI K[P
T[YL ;\TFGMGF\ ,1F6M T5F;LG[ 5|F6LGL 5;\NUL SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P BF; SZLG[ ;\JW"G DF8[GF ;F\-GL 5;\NUL
SZJF DF8[ VF 5wWTL JW] p5IMUL K[P V[S H ;F\-YL ;[\S0M ArRF pt5G Y. XS[ K[P HIFZ[ V[S UFI T[GF
HLJGSF/DF\ DIF"lNT ;\bIFDF\ ArRFG[ HgD VF5[ K[P T[YL VF 5wWTL ;F\-GL 5;\NUL DF8[ JW] J5ZFI K[P
V[S H ;F\-GL H]NL H]NL UFIMG[ UE"WFG SZFJLG[ T[GF ;\TFGM DFYL VMKFDF\ VF[KL !_v!Z lNSZLVMG]\ N]W
pt5FNG T5F;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;FWFZ6 V[S ;DI[ !_ ;F\-MGL S;M8L SZJF #__ UFIMGL H~Z 50[ K[PVFD !
;F\-YL #_ UFIMDF\ UE"WFG SZFJJFYL !_v!Z lNSZLVM D[/JL XSFIP H[GF ,1F6M T5F;L A[ ;FZF ;F\-GL
5;\NUL SZL T[VMGF\ B[0}TMGL UFIMDF\ ;J\W"G DF8[ JW] 5|DF6DF\ p5IMU SZL W6 ;}WFZ6F SZL XSFIP ;F\-GL
5;\NUL SZJF DF8[ &v* JQF"GM ;DI HTF ;F\-GM p5IMUL HLJG SF/ 5;FZ YI UIM CMI K[P T[YL 5|tI[S ;F\-
GF\ lJI"G[ 5]ZTF 5|DF6DF\ YLHJL ZFBJ] 50[ K[P
GLdG S1FFGL VG]J\XLSTF VG[ HM ,1F6M V[S H HFTGF JFZ;FDF\ DIF"lNT K[P H[JFS[ N]W pt5FNG
1FDTF T[JF ,1F6M DF8[ VF ZLT 36L p5IMUL K[P NZ[S ;F\- NL9 lNSZLVMGL ;\bIFDF\ JWFZM SZJFYL VF ZLTGL
V;ZSFZSTF JW[ K[P ;FDFgI ZLT[ Z5v#_ lNSZLVM ! ;F\- NL9 VG[ !5vZ_ ;F\-MGL S;M8L DF\YL Zv# ;F\-
5;\\NUL SZJFGL ZLT z[Q9 U6FI K[P VF8,F 5|DF6DF\ UFIM V[S UF{ XF/FDF\ CMJL XSI GYLP T[YL (v!_
UF{XF/FVM VFJL 5;\NUL SFI"S|DDF\ ;FD[, SZL XSFIP T[JL H ZLT[ HIF\ HIF\ S'+LD ALHNFGGL SFI"1F[+ lJ:T'T
K[P T[JF 1F[+MDF\ B[0}TMGL UFIMDF\ UE"WFG SZL pt5G YGFZ lNSZLVMGF\ ,1F6M 5ZYL ;F\-GL 5;\NUL SZL
XSFIP N}W pt5FNG 1F[+[ 5|UTL SZGFZF N[XMDF\ VF 5wWTLGM JQF"MYL VFIMHG YFI K[P EFZTDF\ 56 36F
N]WF/F 5X]VMDF\ VF 5wWTLGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
UFIMGL 5;\NULDF\ T[DGL T\N]Z:T4 5|HGG 1FDTF4 ZMU 5|lTSFZS XlST4 5|lTS]/ VFAMCJFDF\ GEL
XSJFGL XlST BMZFSGF\ 5|DF6DF\ VlWS N]W pt5FNG VF5JFGL XlST JU[Z[ wIFG[ ,[J] HM.V[P H[YL N]WF/F
5X]VMGL 5;\NUL V;ZSFZS YI N]WGF\ W\WFDF\ JW] GOM D[/JL XSFIP
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
42
;FZL N]W pt5FNG XlST WZFJTF HFGJZMGL BF;LITMo
HFGJZM VFSQF"S VG[ R\R/ CMI K[P
HFGJZMG]\ jIlSTtJ 5|EFJXF/L CMI K[P
GFZL TtJGF\ ,1F6M H[JFS[ ;]SMD/TF4 GFH]STF JU[Z[ BF;LITM HMJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
DFY] DwID SNG]\ CMI K[P
O6L 5CM/L CMI K[P
VF\BMDF\ R5/TF VG[ CMlXIFZL CMI K[P
********
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
43
5X]5MQF6G\] 5X]5|HGGDF\ DCtJ V[RP V[RP ;J;F6L4 NtTF S[P V[;P4 ZLA0LIF V[GP S[P4 5F8L, V[;PV[;P VG[ UU" 0LP0LP
5X]5MQF6 lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ HM GOF S[ G]S;FG DF8[ SM. 5lZA/ HJFANFZ CMI TM T[ 5X]GL 5|HGG 5|J'lT
K[P VF 5|HGG 5|J'lT ;LWL S[ VF0STZL ZLT[ 5X] 5MQF6 5Z VFWFZ ZFB[ K[P JW] 50T] S[ VMK] 5MQF6 5X]GL
5|HGG 1FDTFG[ GA/L 50[ K[P N]WF/F 5X]VM lJIF6 5KL ;FDFgI ZLT[ &_v)_ lNJ;[ UE"WFZ6 SZ[ TM
5X]5F,G jIJ;FI DF8[ OFINFSFZS K[4 5Z\T] 36L JBT 5X]VM lJIF6 5KL & DlCGF S[ T[YL JW] ;DI ;]WLDF\
UE"WFZ6 G SZTF 5X]5F,SGF GF6FGF jII YFI K[ VG[ K[J8[ JW] 50TM 5MQF6GM BR" YTF A[ lJIF6 JrR[G] \
V\TZ JWTF 5X]5F,SG[ VFlY"S G]SXFG HFI K[P 5X] 5|HGGG[ 36F AWF 5ZLA/M V;Z SZ[ K[4 V[DFGF
D]bItJ[ 5X]5MQF64 5X] ZMU4 3F;RFZFDF\ ZC[, h[ZL TtJM4 5X] DFJHT4 lJI"GL O/§]5TF4 YLHJ[, lJI"GL
IMuI ;FZ ;\EF/ TYF 5X] UZDLDF\ VFJ[, K[ S[ GCL T[GL IMuI ;DI[ T5F; SZJL D]bI K[P
5X]5MQF6V[ pTD 5|HGG 1FDTF DF8[GL D]bI RFJL K[P 5X]VMG[ HM VFCFZDF\ pHF"4 5|M8LG4 BGLH
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49
YLHJ[, JLI" DF8[GF Sg8[GZGL ;FZ;\EF/
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50
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56 JQFM" ;]WL T[GM p5IMU SZL XSFI K[P VFD4 VFHGF prR VM,FNGF HFGJZGF JLI"G[ VFHYL N;4 JL; S[
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51
VF AW] V[8,F DF8[ S[ YLHJ[, JLI"GL ;FRJ6L V[ V<8=F ,M TF5DFG[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[PVG[ VF V<8=F
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LN2 G[ V[S Sg8[GZDF\YL ALHF Sg8[GZDF\ GFBTL JBT[ ~DF, ZFBJM HM.V[ H[YL LN2 GF DM8F
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52
UMA,[8G[ S[GL:8ZDF\ GFBTL JBT[ UMA,[8G[ LN2 YL EZ[,] CMJ] HM.V[4 V[ B]A H wIFGDF\
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53
5X]VMGL ;UEF"J:YFGF H]NF H]NF TASSF VG[ lJIF6
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5F\RDF DlCGF AFN V\0l5\0MqUEF"XIGL ;FY[ pNZ U'CDF\ NFB, YTF CM. T[G]\ 5ZL1F6 XSI AGT]\ GYLP
D/FXI 5ZL1F6 §FZF SZJFDF\ VFJTF\ ;UEF"J:YF lGNFGDF\ GLR[GF\ ,1F6M DNN~5 YFI K[P
#_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG ;UEF" UEF"XIX'\UGF SNGM JWFZMP
;UEF"X'\UDF\ UEF"JZ6 5|JFCLG]\ V[S9]\ YJ]\ T[DH UEF"XIGL lNJF,G]\ 5FT/]\ YJ]P
#_ YL %F_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG UEF"XIDF\ ZC[, p<A5]l8G]\ GZDFXI 5lZ:5X"GP
V\0l5\0DF\ ZC[, l5Tl5\0 S[ H[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ ;UEF" UEF"XI X'\U TZOGF\ V\0l5\0 5Z CMI K[P
$_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG V\U]9F VG[ VGFlDSF VF\U/L JrR[ R58LDF\ ,LW[,
UEF"XIGL lNJF,DF\YL UEF"JZ6MG]\ K8SL HJ\]P
UE"4 UEF"JZ6M VG[ UE"VFJZ6 5|JFCLG[ ,LW[ SNDF\ DM8F YI[, UEF"XI X'\UDF\ UE"G]\ 5lZ:5X"GP
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
54
# YL $ DlCGFGL ;UEF"J:YF 5KL ;UEF" UEF"XIGL lNJF,DF\ :TJSMG]\ 5lZ:5X"GP
DwI UEF"XI WDGLGF SNDF\ JWFZM VG[5lZ:5X"G £FZF T[DF\ VG]EJFTF\ lJRL+ WASFZFP
&_ YL )_ lNJ;GL ;UEF" CMI T[JL JM0SLVM VG[ UFIMDF\ UEF"XI zMl6U'CF S[ T[GF 5|J[X §FZF GHLS
CMJFG[ ,LW[ 5lZ:5X"G ;Z/ AG[ K[P ;UEF"X'\UGM EFU T[DF\ ZC[, UEF"JZ6M VG[ 5|JFCLG[ ,LW[ O],[,M H6FI
K[P;UEF"J:YFGF # YL $ DlCGF NZdIFG )5 @ lS:;FVMDF\ UE"G]\ 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFI K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF
5 YL & DlCGF NZdIFG UEF"XI pNZU'CFDF\ pTZ[ K[P VF JBT[ zM6LU'CFDF\ IMlGG]\ VG[ zM6LU'CFGF 5|J[X
£FZ 5F;[ SNDF\ DM8L AG[, UEF"XIU|LJFG\] 5lZ:5X"G SZL XSFI K[P VF ;\HMUMDF\ ;UEF"J:YFG]\ lGNFG
DwIUEF"XI WDGLGF\ lJSF; VG[ T[GF lJlR+ WASFZF T5F;LG[ YFI K[P
,F1Fl6S 5lZ1F6 JBT[ SIFZ[S ;UEF" UEF"XIG[ UEF"XIGL ALHL ZMUDI l:YlTVMYL H]NL 5F0JF DF8[
;UEF"J:YFGF p5ZMST ,1F6M VG[ lRgCM T5F;JF B]A H H~ZL K[P DDLE]T S[ D;]l6T UE"4 UEF"XI
5]IDITF4 UEF"XI XMY4 H, UEF"XITF4 `,[QF UEF"XITF4 lJ:OFZLT YI[, D]+FXI45|YD VFDFXI JU[Z[
;UEF"J:YFGF lGNFGD\F U]\RJF0M pEM SZL XS[ K[P T[YL NZ[S T5F; JBT[ SF/HL5]J"S VG[ RMS;F.YL lGNFG
YFI T[ H~ZL K[P
5|;J ;DIGF\ ,1F6M VG[ TASSFVM
5|;J lS|IFG[ +6 TASSFVMDF\ lJEFHLT SZFI K[P
!P UEF"XIGF :GFI]:TZGL ptT[HGF VG[ ;\SMRGGM TASSM
ZP GJHFT ArRFGF HgDGM TASSM
#P VMZ S[ D[,GF lGSF,GM TASSM
5|;JGL X~VFTDF\ DFNFG[ BMZFS VMKM VG[ V[SF\T JW] 5;\N 50[ K[P N}uWU|\lYGM lJSF; 5]6" ZLT[ YFI K[
VG[ lGT\A5|N[X ;F\WFVM4 S\0lZSFVMG]\ lXlY,G YFI K[P >:8=MHG TYF VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJGL V;Z C[9/
UEF"XIGF :GFI]VMG]\ pT[HG VG[ ;\SMRG X~ YTF\ DFNF 5X] A[R[G AG[ K[ VG[ tIFZAFN 5|YD TASSFGL
X~VFT YFI K[P
!P 5|YD TASSF DF\ UEF"XI :GFI]VMGF ;\SMRGvlXlY,GG]\ DMH] UEF"XIGF\ X'\U 5F;[YL X~ Y.
UEF"XI U|LJF ;]WL O[,FI K[P X~VFTDF\ ,UEU !_ YL !5 lDlG8[ pt5gG YTF\ DMHFGL TLJ|TF VG[ NZDF\
WLD[ WLD[ JWFZM YTM HFI K[4H[GFYL K[J8[ SD/G]\ D]B JWFZ[ 5CM/] AG[ K[P UEF"XI U|LJF TYF IMlGDFU"
,UEU ;/\U V[S;ZBF 5CM/F YTF\ HgD DFU"GL IMuI ZRGF T{IFZ YFI K[P UEF"XIGF\ ;\SMRGG[ ,LW[ ;M{
5|YD UE" SMY/L IMlGGL ACFZ ,8STL N[BFI K[P H[ VF5MVF5 O}8TF RLS6]\ 5|JFCL HgD DFU"GL lNJF,G[
RLS6L VG[ ,L;L AGFJ[ K[P 5X] p9vA[; SZ[ K[4 T[ NZdIFG ArR] HgD DF8[GL IMuI XFZLZLS l:YlT 5|F%T SZ[
K[P H[DF\ ArRFGF\ VFU/GF 5U ,F\AF Y.G[ T[GF p5Z T[G]\ DFY]\ UM9JFI[,]\ CMI T[ ZLT[ DFTFGL SZM0ZHH]G[
;DF\TZ ZC[ K[P HgD JBT[ ArRFGL VF l;JFIGL VgI l:YlT H[D S[ DFY]\ S[ 5U J/[,F\ CMJF4 DFYFG[ AN,[
5]\K0LGM EFU 5|YD VFJJM4 ArR]\ VF0] CMJ]\ S[ lJS'T CMJ]\4 JU[Z[ lS:;FVMDF\ HgD VF5D[/[ YTM GYL VG[
AFæ DNNGL H~Z 50[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
55
ZP ALHF TASSF DF\ UE"G]\ DFY] VG[ VFU/GF 5U p<aF ;FY[ HgD DFU"DF\ 5|J[X[ K[ tIFZ[ pNZ58, VG[
pNZGF :GFI]VMGF\ pU| ;\SMRGM YJFYL T[ ;\5]6"ZLT[ ACFZ WS[,FI K[P tIFZAFN ArRFGF DFYFGF JHGYL
ArR\] ACFZ GLR[GL AFH]V[ WS[,FI K[ VG[ ArRFGM HgD G{;lU"S YFI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ VF TASSM ! YL $
S,FSDF\ 5}6" YFI K[P HM T[ SZTF\ JW] ,\AFI TM ArRFG\] D]tI] YJFGL XSITF ZC[ K[P lJIF6GL 5|lS|IF ;FDFgI
CMI tIF\ ;]WL 5X]5F,S[ JrR[ 50JFGL H~Z CMTL GYL 5Z\T] 5|;JGL 5|lS|IF JW] 50TL ,\AF. HFI TM TFtSFl,S
5X]lRlSt;SGM ;\5S" ;FWL VFJL Sl9G 5|;JGL 5lZl:YlTG]\ lGNFG SZFJL ;FZJFZ SZFJJL HM.V[P JW]DF\
HIFZ[ ;FDFgI 5lZl:YlTDF\ 5Z5M8M N[BFI tIFZ[ VlWZF.DF\ T[G[ OM0L G GFBTF T[ HFT[ H T]8L HFI T[GL ZFC
HMJL HM.V[P SFZ6S[ 5|;JGL lS|IFDF\ T[ V[S DCtJG]\ 5lZA/ K[P S[8,LSJFZ ArRFG]\ DFY]\ VG[ 5U ACFZ
HMJF\ D/[ 56 DFNF 5X] 5]ZT] HMZ G SZL XS[ TM ;FDFgI B[\RYL ArR]\ ACFZ SF-L XSFI K[P 5Z\T] A/
JF5ZJFGL H~Z H6FI TM lGQ6FT jIlST l;JFI 5|ItG SZJM S[ UEF"XIDF\ CFY GFBJM lCTFJC GYLP
36LJFZ lJIF6 JBTGF\ lRgCM 5KL 56 ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL 5|;]lT G YFI TM DM8FEFU[ UEF"XI D]BSD/
B],JFGL lS|IFDF\ YTM lJ,\A S[ lGQO/TF VYJF TM UEF"XIGL VF\8L 56 CM. XS[ K[P VF ;\HMUMDF\ HM IMuI
lGNFG S[ lGJFZ6 G YFI TM ArRFG]\ UEF"XIDF\ H D]tI] YTF\ T[G]\ h[Z DFTFGF XZLZDF\ 5|;ZTF\ S[8,LSJFZ
5|;J ;DI[ H DFNF HFGJZ D]tI] 5FD[ K[ T[YL tJZLT GHLSGF 5X] lRlSt;SGM ;\5S" SZJM HM.V[P
#P ArRFGF HgD AFN +LHF TASSF DF\ VMZGM lGSF, YFI K[ H[ UEF"XIGF\ ;\SMRGMG[ ,LW[ UE"J[Q8S
Z;FO]\ZMDF\ ~lWZGM 5|JFC :YlUT Y. HJFYL VMZG]\ UEF"XI lNJF, ;FY[G]\ A\WG K]8] 50[ K[ VG[ HIFZ[ VMZ
S[ D[,L ;\5]6"56[ UEF"XIGL VF\TlZS lNJF,YL K]8L 50L HFI tIFZ[ UEF"XIGF\ :GFI]VMGF\ pU| ;\SMRGYL WLZ[
WLZ[ ACFZ B;TL HTL VMZ h05YL ACFZ WS[,FI K[ H[ lS|IF DF8[ .:8M=HG VG[ VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJM
HJFANFZ CMI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ VF TASSM # YL ( S,FS H[8,M ZC[ K[ VFD KTF\ S[8,FS lS:;FVMDF\ ( YL
!Z S,FS AFN 56 D[, VF5MVF5 lGSF, 5FD[ K[P lGIT ;DIDF\ D[, G 50[ VG[ DFTFGL T\N]Z:TL ;FZL CMI
V[8,[ S[ BFJFv5LJFG]\ ;FDFgI CMI tIFZ[ VlWZF.5]J"S D[,G[ B[\RJM S[ JHG ,8SFJJ]\ V[ IMuI GYL 5Z\T]
JWFZ[ ;DI jITLT YTM H6FI tIFZ[ 5X] lRlSt;SGL ;FZJFZ V5FJJL H~ZL K[PHM VMZqD[,LGM IMuI VG[
;\5]6" lGSF, G YFI TM DFTFGL 5|;]lT AFNGF UF/FGL ;FDFgI lS|IFVM H[JL S[ J[TZDF\ VFJJ]\4 UE"WFZ6
SZJM4 N]WDF\ JWFZM YJM JU[Z[DF\ B,[, 5CM\R[ K[P
Sl9G 5|;J AFN HFGJZMDF\ VMZ VJZMWG4 lJ,\lAT UEF"XI lGJT"G4 UEF"XIXMY VG[UE"WFZ6
YJFD\F lJ,\AG JU[Z[ ;FDFgITo HMJF D/[ K[P VF p5ZF\T S[8,LS TFtSF,LS ;FZJFZGL H~Z 50[ T[JL
;D:IFVM 56 5|;J ;DI[ pNŸEJL XS[ K[ H[D S[ IMlG S[ UEF"XI E| \X4 UEF"XI4 IMlG S[ SD/GM EFUDF\
RLZSM YJM4 ZST:+FJ YJM4 IMlGvD/FXI JrR[ RLZSM YJM4 VF\TZ0F ACFZ VFJL HJF\4
D/FXIE|\X45FK/GF 5UGM ,SJM4 VlTTLJ| UEF"XI XMY JU[Z[P p5ZMST ;D:IFVM Sl9G 5|;J ;DI[
IMuI J{7FlGS -A ;FY[GL jIJ:YF4 lGNFG VG[ p5FIYL 8F/L XSFI K[ 5Z\T] ;FY[ ;FY[ 5X]GL T\N]Z:TL VG[
:JrKTFGF\ prR WMZ6M 56 VUtIGM EFU EHJ[ K[P
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
56
SQ8NFIS lJIF6 DF8[GF HJFANFZ SFZ6M VG[ T[GF p5FIM
0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ,4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ
5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
;UEF"J:YFGF V\T ;DI[ DFNF 5|;JGL lS|IF £FZF ArRFG[ UEF"XIDF\YL ACFZ ,FJ[ K[ VF JBT[ ArR]
56 AFCI JFTFJZ6DF\ HLJL XS[ T[8,]\ lJS;,] CMI K[P ArRFG[ HgD VF5JFGL VF lS|IFG[ 5|;J VYJF
lJIFH6 SC[ K[P 5|;JGM 5|FZ\E S[8,FS H8L, SFZ6MG[ ,.G[ YFI K[P H[JF S[ s!f IF\l+S pNL5Go H[DF\
UEF"XIGF :GFI]VMG]\ .:8=MHG VG[ VMlS;8M;LG V\To:+FJMG[ ,LW[ B[\RF6 5|FZ\EDF\ YFI K[P sZf V\To:+FJL
lS|IFVM s#f 5|lTZ1FF lJ7FGG[ ,UTL lS|IFVM V[8,[ S[ UE"VFJZ6MGL UEF"XIYL K]8F 50JFGL lS|IF 5|;JG]\
SFI" 36] H S9LG CMI K[P ;UEF" TYF 5|;JSFl,G 5|F6LVMDF\ pEL YTL D]xS[,LVMGL ;FZJFZ HM ;DI;Z G
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ TM 36F\ lS:;FVMDF\ ArR] TYF DFNF AgG[G[ U]DFJJF 50[ K[P 5X]lRlSt;F ;FZJFZGF S[XMDF\
&v!_ 8SF S[XM ;UEF" TYF 5|;JSFl,G 5lZl:YT[G[ ,UTF CMI K[P H[JF S[ ;UEF"J:YF NZdIFG IMGLE|\X4
5|;J 5KLGM IMGLE|\X4 UE"GL 5|;]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YlTGL V;DFGTFVM G[ ,LW[ TYF VgI SFZ6M G[ ,LW[
YI[, S9LG 5|;J4 UEF"XI lJDM8GG[ ,LW[ S9LG 5|;J4 UE"5FT4 VMZ VJZMWG 5|;J JBT[ SIFZ[S D]xS[,L
pEL YFI K[ VG[ ArR] DFNFGF 5|IF;M KTF\ HgDL XST] GYLP
VFJF S9LG 5|;JGF lS:;FVM D]bItJ[ A[ lJEFUDF\ lJRFZL XSFIP S[8,FS lS:;FVMDF\ UEF"XIDF\
50[, V\F8L 5|;JDF\ D]xS[,L pEL SZ[ K[P HIFZ[ ALHF lS:;FVMDF\ DFNFGF HGGDFU"GL ;\SL6"TF4 UEF"XIGF
:GFI]VMGL lXlY,TF4 UEF"XI U|LJF lJ:OFZ6GM VEFJ4 ArRFGL 5|;]lT4 VF;G VG[ l:YlTGL
V;FDFgITFVM4 ZF1F;L UE"4 UE" VG[ UEF"JZ6MGL H,DITF JU[Z[ S9LG 5|;J DF8[ HJFANFZ CMI K[P
UEF"XIG]\ lJDM8G YJFGL S[ VF\8L 50JFYL 5lZl:YTL DM8[ EFU[ 5|;JGL X~VFTDF\ VYJF ;UEF"J:YFGF
K[<,F A[ +6 DlCGF NZdIFG pt5gG YFI K[P 8]SDF\ SCLV[ TM ArR]\ OST DFTFGF 5|IF;M £FZF G HgDL XS[ T[
5lZl:YTLG[ S9LG 5|;J SC[JFI VG[ 5lZl:YTL DF8[ A[ SFZ6M HJFANFZ K[P
s!f DFTF ;\AlWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6M
sZf UE" ;\AlWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6M
5|YD 5|SFZGF Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FDF\ Sl9G 5|;JGL 5lZl:YTL DFTFDF\ ZC[, SM. NMQFG[ ,LW[ pt5gG
YFI K[P HIFZ[ l£lTI 5|SFZGF Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"GF NMQFMG[ ,LW[ VF l:YTL pt5gG YFI K[P
DFTF ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6MDF\ D]bI GLR[ D]HA K[P
s!f zM6L U'CFGF sPelvic Cavityf GF VJZMWMo
zMl6GM NMQFI]ST VFSFZ
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
57
zMl6GF Vl:YVMGM Vl:YE\U VG[ T[GF 5ZL6FD[ YTL Z;M/L
;]STFG ZMUMYL lJS'T AG[, zMl6
OF.A|MDF4D[,[GMDF VG[ SFZ;LGMDF H[JL UF\9M
sZf ;UEF" UEF"XIG]\ lJ:YF5Go
UEF"XI ;FZ6UF\9
UEF"XI lJDM8G4AC] 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\ UEF"XI lX\UG]\ lJDM8G
5}J" HWGFl:Y S\0FZFG]\ T]8L HJ]\
s#f DFNFGF HGG V\UMGL lJS'lTVMo
5|FYlDS VG[ UM{6 UEF"XI VR,TF
UEF"XIU|LJFGL T\T]DITF4H0TF4;\SL6"TF VG[ T[GF :GFI]VMG]\ VlJZT ;\SMRG
UEF"XIU|LJFGF lJ:OFZ6GM VEFJ
lRZSFl,I UEF"XIU|LJF XMY
IMlGGL ;\SL6"TF
UE" ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo
s!f UE"GL 5|:T]lT4VF;G VG[ l:YlTG[ ,UTF SFZ6M
VU| 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF XLQF4UZNG TYF VFU,F 5UGL l:YTLGF NMQFM T[DH UE"GF VF;GGF NMQFM
5rK 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF 5FK,F 5UGL l:YTLGF TYF UE"GF VF;GGF NMQFM
VG]5|:Y 5|:T]lTDF\ NZ[S 5|SFZGF VlE5]Q9 TYF VeI]NZ VF;GM sZf UE"GL 5|:T]lT4VF;G VG[ l:YTL l;JFIGF UE" ;\A\lWT Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo
GFlEZHH]YL pt5gG YTM VJZMW
ZF1F;L UE"
VlTSFI UE"
JFTF:OT UE"
UE" TYF UEF"JZ6MGL H,DITF
UE"GF JF/GL VlTJ'lwW
HM0SF\ UEM" sV[S 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\f
DM8F SNGF 56 VMKF UEM" sAC] 5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\f
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
58
5rK 5|;]lTDF\ Sl9G 5|;JGF SFZ6Mo
zl6O,S VlE5]Q9 VG[ HWGFl:Y VlE5]Q9 VF;GM
5FK,F 3]\86YL J/L UI[, 5FK,F 5U
5FK,F AgG[ 5UG]\ UEF"XI ZCL HJ]\
5rK 5|:T]lTDF\ UE"GF lXQF"G] AFH] 5Z J/L HJ]\
VG]5|:Y 5|:T]lTG[ ,LW[ pt5gG YTL Sl9G 5|;JGL l:YTL Sl9G 5|;JGM NZ[S lS:;M V[S S8MS8L 5|;\U CMI K[P TFtSFl,S ;FZJFZ SZJF DF8[ IMuI ZLT[ lGNFG
SZJFDF\ VFJ[ T[ AC] H VUtIG]\ K[P 5X]5F,S 5F;[YL 5|;JSFl,G 5|F6L V\U[GL ;DU| DFlCTL V[S9L SZL
T[DH HFT[ T5F; SZL IMuI lGNFG SZJFYL ;FZJFZ jIJl:YT ZLT[ SZL XSFI K[P VFD SZJFYL DFNF 5|F6L VG[
ArRFG] HLJG ARFJL XSFI K[P SM.56 Sl9G 5|;JGF lS:;FGL ;FZJFZ SZTF 5C[,F\ 5|;JSF,LG 5|F6L
V\U[GL DFlCTL D[/JJL B]A H VUtIGL K[P VF DFlCTL DF8[ 5X]5F,SG[ GLR[ D]HAGF 5|`GM 5]KL XSFIP
s!f ;UEF"J:YFSF/ 5]ZM YIM K[ S[ 5|;J V5SJ K[m
sZf 5|F6L 5|YD JBT lJIFI K[ S[ JW] JBT lJIFIV[, K[m
s#f JW] JBT lJIFIV[, CMI TM VFU/GF lJIFH6M JBT[ SF\. TS,LO pEL YI[, K[ S[ GCLm
s$f ;UEF"jF:YF NZdIFG ;UEF" 5|F6LGL DFJHT TYF ;\EF/ S[JL ZLT[ ,[JFDF\ VFJL CTLm
s5f 5|F6LGL pNZ5L0F SIFZ[ X~ Y.m T[6[ SIFZ[ R]\SFJ] X~ SI]"m T[ ;M{dI VG[ VF\TZ[ VF\TZ[ R\]SFT] CT]\ S[
5|A/ ZLT[ JFZ\JFZ R\]SFT] CT]m
s&f 5|F6LV[ R]\SFJ] A\W SI]" K[ S[ S[Dm
s*f H,Y[,L N[BF. K[ S[ GCLmN[BF. CMI TM SIFZGL N[BFI K[m
s(f EU£FZF HGG VJIJMDF\YL 5|JFCL JCL HT\] N[BFI] K[ S[ GCLm
s)f ArRFGM SM. EFU EUMQ9 JrR[ N[BFIM CTM S[ S[Dm
s!_f SM.V[ ArRFGM 5|;J SZFJJF 5|IF; SZ[, K[ S[ GCLm
s!!f AC]5|;] 5|F6LVMDF\ V[SFN ArRFGM HgD YIM K[ S[ GCLm
s!Zf 5|F6L VFCFZ ,[ K[ S[ GCLm
p5ZGF VG[ V[JF H ALHF 5|`GM 5]KL Sl9G 5|;J lS:;FVM V\U[ 36L DFlCTL D[/JL XSFIP HM
5|;JGL X~VFT YI[ VD]S S,FS H YIF CMI tIFZ[ VG[ 5|F6L ;M{dI ZLT[VF\TZ[ VF\TZ[ R]\SFT] CMI TM DM8[ EFU[
5|;JGM l£lTI TASSM X~ YIM CMTM GYLP HM pNZ 5L0F 5|A/ CMI VG[ ,F\AM ;DI YJF KTF ArRFGM HgD
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59
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VF ZMU AMJF.G C5L"; JFIZ;v! 5|SFZGF lJQFF6]VMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMU `J;GT\+ NJFZF
TYF HG[lgN=VM NJFZF O[,FI K[P VF ZMUDF UE"5FT4 IMGLDFU"GM ;MHM TYF `J;GT\+G[ ,UTF lRgCM HMJF
D/[ K[P VF ZMU Z5 YL 5_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
73
;UEF"J:YFGF * YL ) DF\ DF;DF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P VF ZMUDF\ ;\S|DLT 5X]VMDF\ VFHLJG R[5
ZC[TM CMJFYL VFJF 5X]VMG[ VgI :J:Y 5X]VMGF 8M/FDF\YL V,U TFZJJF4 ;\S|DLT UE"FXIGF :+FJGF
;\5S"DF\ VFJ[, 5X]VMGF ZC[9F6 lJ:TFZG[ lJQFF6] D]ST SZJM TYF lGIDLT Z;LSZ6YL VF ZMUG[ V8SFJL
XSFI K[P
s&f 8=F.SMDMGLVF;L;
VF ZMU 8=F.SMDMGF; OL8; 5|SFZGF 5|HLJMYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF ZMU S]NZTL ;DFUD VYJF S'l+D
ALHNFG NJFZF GZYL DFNFDF\ S[ DFNFYL GZDF\ O[,FI K[P VF ZMUGF ,1F6MDF\ UE"5FT4 D[8=F.8L;4 IMGLDFYL
V;FDFgI :+FJ 50JM TYF E'6GFX HMJF D/[ K[P
VF ZMU 5 YL #_ 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF Z YL $ DF\ DF;DF\ UE"5FT
YFI K[P VF ZMU V8SFJJF 5F0F S[ ;F\-G[ ;\JW"G sA|L0L\Uf DF8[ p5IMU DF\ ,[TF 5C[,F T[GL RSF;6L SZJL
TYF UE"5FT YI[, DFNFG[ 56 RSF;L IMuI ;FZJFZ VF5JLP VF ZMU DF8[ SM. V;ZSFZS Z;L p5,AW
GYLP
s*f O]UHgI UE"5FT
VF ZMU V[:5HL",; OI]DLU[8;,4 S[g0L0F TYF ZF.hM5; 5|SFZGL O]UYL pt5gG YFI K[P VF O]U
`JF; S[ N]lQFT VFCFZ NJFZF 5X]VMGF XZLZDF\ 5|J[X[ K[ VG[ ZSTDFU"[ HGG VJIJMDF\ 5|J[XLG[UE"5FT
lG5HFJ[ K[P VF ZMUDF\ VMZ 5L/F VG[ 5lZU,LT 5NFY" H[JL N[BFI K[P
VF ZMU # YL * 8SF lS:;FVMDF\ UE"5FT lG5HFJ[ K[P ;UEF"J:YFGF & YL ( DF\ DF; NZdIFG
UE"5FT YFI K[P O]UHgI UE"5FTDF\ DM8[EFU[ 5X] ;\5]6" J\WI AGL HFI K[P VF ZMU DF8[ SM. V;ZSFZS
Z;L p5,AW GYLP UE"5FT AFN 5X] ZC[9F6G[ :JrK SZJ]\ TYF ;\S|DLT 5X]GL IMuI ;FZJFZ SZJL lCTFJC
K[P
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74
5X]5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU
0F[P S[P V[RP 5ZDFZ4 0F[P S[P ALP JF/F4 0F[P HLP ALP ;M,\SL VG[ 0F[P VFZP H[P ZFJ, 5X] DFNF ZMU VG[ 5™;'lTXF:+ lJEFU4
5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
5X]5|HGG Ù[+DF\ V<8=F;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU V[ V[S V[JL VtIFW]GLS XMWBM/ K[ S[ H[GF YSL
wJGLGF TZ\UMGL DNNYL 5X]5|HGG VJIJMGM VeIF; SZL T[G[ ;\,uG DFlCTL V[S+ SZL H~ZL lJlJW
ZMUMG] GLNFG SZJFDF\ DCtJGL S0L ;FALT Y. ZCL K[P J/L VF 5âTLDF\ wJGLGF TZ\UM GM p5IMU YTM CM.
H[DF\ SM. 56 5|SFZGF ;FWGGL XZLZGL V\NZ pTFZJFGL H~Z GYL4 ÙvlSZ6MGM BTZM GYL VG[ lGNFG 56
h05L VG[ T]Z\T H Y. XS[ K[ T[YL VgI 5âTLGL ;ZBFD6LDF\ VF 5âTL 36L H ;Z/ VG[ ;]ZÙLT K[P
V<8=F;Fpg0 V[ B}A H prR VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF VJFHGF TZ\UM K[ H[ 5MTFGL TLJ| UlTG[ SFZ6[ ;F\E/L
XSTF GYLP VF TZ\UMGM p5IMU X~VFTDF\ NlZIFGL p\0F. DF5JFDF\ YTM CTMP ALHF lJ`JI]wW AFN T[GM
p5IMU DFGJ lJ7FG 1F[+[ SZJFDF\ VFjIMP
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75
V<8=F;MGMU|FOLGM SFI" l;wWF\T o
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8=Fg:0I];ZDF\ l5hM.,[S8=LS lÌ:8,GM VFSFZ AN,FI K[ VG[ wJlG pt5gG YFI K[4 H[GL DF+F ! YL !_
D[UFC8"ŸhGL CMI K[P VF wJlG TZ \UM HIFZ[ HFGJZGF XZLZGF SM. V\UqEFU ;FY[ VY0F.G[ 5ZFJlT"T Y.
5ZT VFJ[ K[ tIFZ[ 5|lTlA\AGF ~5DF\ HM. XSFI K[P
HFGJZGL 5[XLVMDF\ ZC[, 5|JFCL H[J]\ S[ 5]8S 5|JFCL sOM,LSI],Z O<I].0f VMZG\] 5|JFCL4 ~lWZ VG[
V[Sh]0[8 JU[Z[ VJFHGF ;}1D TZ\UMG\] 5ZFJT"G SZL XSTF GYL V[8,[ S[ T[VM GMG .SMH[lGS s503M G 50[
T[JMf K[P T[YL 5[XLVMDF\ ZC[, 5|JFCL 50NF 5Z SF/F 50KFIF ~5[ HMJF D/[ K[P GSSZ 5[XLVM H[JL S[ CF0SF\4
DF\;5[XLVM4 T\T]5[XLVM JU[Z[ T[DGL VJFHGF TZ\UM 5ZFJT"G SZJFGL ;\ZRGFG[ SFZ6[ VYJF VJFHGF
TZ\UMG[ H]NL H]NL DF+FDF\ 5FKF WS[,JFGL 1FDTFG[ SFZ6[ E]BZF4 SF/F S[ ;O[N Z\UGF 50KFIF ~5[ 50NF 5Z
HMJF D/[ K[P
prR VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF 8=Fg:0I];Z JW] DFlCTL VF5[ K[ 5Z\T] T[G]\ V\ToK[NG VG[ NxI lJ:TFZ GFGM CMI
K[ HIFZ[ GFGL VFJ'l¿ WZFJTF 8=Fg:0I];Z JW] V\To K[NG VG[ DM8M NxI lJ:TFZ NXF"J[ K[ 5Z\T] VMKL DFlCTL
VF5[ K[P
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF T5F; SZJFGL 5wWlT o
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tIFZAFN U]NFDF\ CFY NFB, SZL U]NF DFU"DF\ ZC[, D/ BF,L SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P CJ[ ZAZGF SMg0D J0[ -F\S[,F
5|MAG[ S5,L\U H[,L ,UFjIF AFN U]NFDF\ NFB, SZL T5F; SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ACFZYL 5[8 ãFZF SZJFDF\ VFJTL
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5X]5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU
5X] 5|HGGDF\ ;MGMU|FOLGM p5IMU UE" 5lZ1F64 UE":YArRF\GM HFlT 5lZ1F64 UE":Y ArRF\GL
T5F;4 V\0l5\0GL lJlJW ZRGFVM T[DH 5X] 5|HGGT\+GF lJlJW ZMUMGF lGNFG DF8[ YFI K[P
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE" 5lZ1F6 o
UFIvE[\;DF\ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF !_ YL &_ lNJ;GF ;DI UF/FGF UE" 5lZ1F6 YIF CMJFGF lS:;FVM
GM\WFI[,F K[P UE":Y ArRF\GF CNIGF WASFZF UEF"J:YFGF Z& YL Z) lNJ;GF ;DIUF/FDF\ HF6L XSFI K[P
VF\BM4 DUH4 CNI4 5[8 JU[Z[ H[JF V\UM T[DGL 5F6L EZ[,L ZRGFGF SFZ6[ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;Z/TFYL HM.
XSFI K[P UEF"J:YFGF X~VFTGF ;DIDF\ UE" 5lZ1F6 DF8[ 5 YL *P5 D[UFC8"Ÿh GL TZ \U ,\AF. JF/F
8=Fg;0I];ZGF p5IMU YFI K[ HIFZ[ UE":Y ArRF\GF VF\TZLS V\UMGL T5F; DF8[ # YL #P5 D[UFC8"Ÿh GL
TZ\U ,\AF. JF/F 8=Fg;0I];Z J5ZFI K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
76
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF HFlT 5lZ1F6 o
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE":Y ArRF\GL HFlT UEF"J:YFGF 5_ YL !__ lNJ; JrR[GF ;DIUF/F NZdIFG
HF6L XSFI K[P UEF"J:YFGF $(v$) DF\ lNJ;[ H[GF.8, 8I]AZS, UEF":Y ArRF\GF 5FK/GF 5U JrR[
CMI K[P HM UE":Y ArR\] GZ CMI TM VF 8I]AZS, UEF"J:YFGF V\NFHLT 5& DF\ lNJ;[ 0}\8FGL GF/ GHLS
5CM\R[ K[ VG[ HM UE":Y ArR\] DF\NF CMI TM VF 8I]AZS, UEF"J:YFGF V\NFHLT 5$ DF\ lNJ;[ 5}\K0L GHLS
5CM\R[ K[ H[ ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;C[,F.YL HF6L XSFI K[P
V<8=F;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UE":Y ArRF\GF lJlJW V\UMGL ZRGFVM S[8,F lNJ;[ HM. XSFI K[ T[GL DFlCTL
GLR[GF SMQ8SDF\ VF5[, K[P
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5F6LGL SMY/L ZZvZ5 5UGL BZLVM $Zv$)
SZM0ZHH] Z&v## ArRFG\] C,GR,G $Zv5_
VFU/GF 5U Z(v#! 5F\;/LVM 5!v55
VF\BM Z)v##
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF V\0l5\0G\] 5lZ1F6 o
DFNF 5X]GF J[TZ RS|GF VeIF; DF8[ V\0l5\0GL SFI"UlT VG[ T[GL lJlJW ZRGFVMGL HF6SFZL B}A H
VUtIGL K[P V\0l5\0GL lJlJW ZRGFVM VG[ T[GL SFI"UlT ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF ;C[,F.YL VG[ B}A ;FZL ZLT[
HF6L XSFI K[P UFIvE[\;DF\ V\0l5\0GF 5lZ1F6 DF8[ 5 YL ( D[UFC8"ŸhGL TZ \U ,\AF.JF/F ,LGLIZ V[Z[
Z[S8, 8=Fg;0I];ZGM p5IMU YFI K[P ;F{ 5|YD UFIvE[\;G[ 3M0LDF\ pEL ZFBL jIJl:YT ZLT[ AF\WJFDF\ VFJ[
K[ tIFZAFN HFGJZGL U]NFDF\YL D/ N}Z SZL Z[S8, 8=Fg;0I];Z DFNF HFGJZGL U]NFDF\ NFB, SZJFDF\ VFJ[
K[P CJ[ 8=Fg;0I];ZG[ V\0l5\0 5Z ZFBL T[GL AWL AFH]VM T5F;JFDF\ VFJ[ K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF D}+FXI GMG
.SMH\lGS sSF/F Z\UG\]f N[BFI K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF V\0l5\0 UM/ S[ ,\AUM/ E}BZF Z\UGL ZRGF D}+FXIGL A\G[
AFH] N[BFI K[P V\0l5\0 5Z HMJF D/TL GMG .SMH\lGS sSF/F Z\UGLf ZRGFG[ OM,LS, SC[ K[P
;MGMU|FOL ãFZF 5X] 5|HGGT\+GF ZMUMG\] lGNFG o
;L:8LS VMJZL GF lGNFG DF8[ V<8=F ;MGMU|FOL V[ B}A VUtIG\] ;FWG K[P V<8=F;MGMU|FOL ãFZF
OM,LSI],Z ;L:8 DM8L sZ5v55 DLPDLf VG[ 5FT/L NLJF, JF/L CMI K[P HIFZ[ <I]8LI, ;L:8DF\ NLJF,
HF0L sZ v 5 DLPDLPf CMI K[P ;MGMU|FOL ãFZF UEF"XIG[ ,UTL lADFZLVM H[JL S[ UEF"XIGM ;MHM4
UEF"XIGL UF\94 DDLOF.0 E'64 D[;Z[8[0 E'6 JU[Z[ G]]\ ;C[,F.YL lGNFG Y. XS[ K[P
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5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
77
;F\-q5F0FG]\ JLI" V[S+LSZ64 5'yYSZ6 VG[ JLI" YLHJ6L V\U[GM 5|FIMULS VeIF;
0MP V[;PV[GP 3M0F;ZF
DNNGLX ;\XMWG J{7FlGS4 5X] pK[Z S[g§4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
;F\- VG[ 5F0FDF\YL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[GL 36L AWL 5wWTLVM K[P H[DF\YL BF; SZLG[ S'l+D
IMGL N=FZF4 .,[S8=LS SZ\8 N=FZF :B,G sElectroejaculationf VG[ D;FR sMassagef N=FZF lJI"G]\
V[S+LSZ6 SZJFGL 5wWlTGM p5IMU SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P H[DF\YL ;F{YL ;Z/4 VG]S]/ VG[ ;F{YL JWFZ[
p5IMUDF\ ,[JFTL 5wWTL S'l+DIMGL N=FZF lJI" V[S+LSZ6GL K[P
s!f S'l+DIMGL N=FZF lJI" V[S+LSZ6 sArtificial Vaginaf
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V\NZ 5F,T] 5X]VMDF\YL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
VF 5wWTLYL lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZJF DF8[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ RFZ D]NFVM p5Z wIFG VF5J]\ H~ZL K[P
Af ;F\- q5F0FG[ T{IFZ SZJF ov
lJI" V[S+LSZ6 SZTF 5C[,F ;F\-q5F0FG[ BMZFS VG[ 5F6L VMKF VF5JF TYF RMrBF 5F6LYL CFYLIM
SZL GJ0FJL RMbBL HuIFDF\ ;]SJJF DF8[ AF\WJF4 tIFZ AFN V0WM S,FS H[8,M ;DI S;ZT SZFjIF AFN H
T[G]\ lJI" V[S+LT SZJ]\ HM.V[4 lJI" V[S+LSZ6 XSI V[8,]\ JC[,L ;JFZ[ 9\0F JFTJZ6GL V\NZ SZJFYL
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78
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SZL GFBJ]\ TYF S;G/LDF\ ZC[, lJI"GF HyYFG[4 T0SM4 9\0LYL ARFJL C,FjIF JUZ XSI V[8,]\ h05YL
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VYJF VFKM U],FAL S,Z ,MCLGF S6M VYJF TM V\NZGF DFU"GL BZFAL ATFJ[ K[ VYJF TM 5L0FX VG[ ,L,F
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80
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હળામાનના ફેરફારોની પશ ુપ્રજનન પર વળપરીત અસરો અને તેના ઉપાયો
યભેળ ાડોદયા, ભોશવીનખાન ઠાણ તથા વલલેક વવિંઘ શ ુળયીયક્રિમા ળાસ્ત્ર વલબાગ,
શ ુચિક્રકત્વા અને શ ુારન ભશાવલદ્યારમ, જૂનાગઢ
પરરચય:
દયેક પ્રાણી લગનઁી જાવતઓ તથા પ્રજાવતઓ તેના ળાયીક્રયક યાજ્મ વાથ ેવકંામેર છે. પ્રાણીઓ ોતાની ઊજાા નો ખિા વતત માાલયણીમ તાભાન વાથે વનમતં્રણ કયલભા ંકયતા શોમ છે, જેને રીધે તે અનકુૂ લાતાલયણભા ંયશ ેછે જેને શ ુતાભાન નુ ં આયાભ ઝોન કશલેામ છે . આ ઝોન ફશાય, પ્રાણી ળાનકુુતા
જાલલા ભાટે તણાલ અનબુલે છે. આ દયમ્માન ઓછાભા ંઓછી ઊજાા ઉત્ાદન પ્રક્રિમાઓ ભાટે લયામ કે
જેથી લધાયાની ઊજાા ને ળાનકુુતા (thermoregulation) ભાટે લાયી ળકામ. આથી પ્રાણીઓ ખાવ કયીને
ળાયીક્રયક અન ેભેટાફોચરક કામો ભા ંલયાતી ઉજાા, તેનો ઉત્ાદન જથ્થો અન ેખોયાક ની ગણુલતા તેના લતાન
થી સધુાયે છે. આફોશલાના નોંધાત્ર પેયપાયોની અવય પ્રાણીઓ ની લસ્તી અને તેની ેઢી ય જોલ ભે છે. લાતલયણના ફદરાલ વાભે અનકુરૂન વાધલાજતા તેના આનલુવંળક અન ે પીનોટામવક રક્ષણો ફદરલા ભાડં ેછે. જ્માયે એક thermoneutral પ્રાણી તેના ઝોન ફશાય રાફંા/ભધ્મભ વભમગાા ભાટે શોમ છે ત્માયે તે
ક્રયસ્સ્થવત તેના અનકૂરૂન તતં્રને વક્રિમ કયે છે. લધભુા ંદયેક પ્રાણી ય આફોશલાની ફદરાતી ક્રયસ્સ્થવતઓની અવય, તેની તીવ્રતા અન ેવભમગાો અરગ અરગ શોમ છે.
તાજેતયના લોભા ંગ્રોફર લોવભિંગ ભાટે બાયત ઉય લાયંલાય વભથેન ગેવનો ઊંિા દયે ઉત્વર્જન કયલાનો આયો છે, આ ગેવ ભોટે બાગ ે વનમ્ન કક્ષાના ાકના અલળેો અન ેફામોકિયા ભાથંી ઉત્ન થામ છે . આ બમાનક ગેવ પ્રાણીની ઉત્ાદન/પ્રજનન વ્મલસ્થા ને ખોયલે છે. બાયતભા ંશકીકતરક્ષી ગેવ ઉત્વર્જન
ભાક્રશતી નુ ંઅજ્ઞાન લધ ુ છે. 2003 ભા ંબાયત શધુન લસ્તી ગણતયી પ્રભાણે લૈવિક વભથેન ઉત્ાદનના 11.9
ટકા મજુફ 11.75 ટન વભથેન ઉત્ાદનન ુમોગદાન ધયાલે છે . જે આંતયડાના કોશલાટનો આળયે 91 અન ે
ખાતયના આળયે 9 ટકા ક્રશસ્વો ધયાલે છે. આૈકી 60 ટકા ભીથેન ઉત્ાદન ગામ, બેંવ અન ેડયેી શ ુભીને અન ે
ફાકીનો અન્મ શધુનથી થતો જોલાભે છે.
શઓુ ભા ંફદરાતી આફોશલાની થતી વલયીત અવય જેલી કે ોક યકુ્ત ખોયાકનો અબાલ ,
ખોયાકનુ ંનબાલવુ,ં ઓછુ દૂધ ઉત્ાદન, ભાવીકઋત ુવભમગાા ની અિોક્કવ રફંાઈ, તીવ્રતા અન ે ઘટતી વલબાલના ( પદ્રુતા) દય, અંડાળમના કદ, વદૃ્ધિ અને કામાક્ષભતાભા ં ઘટાડો જોલા ભે છે, ગબાના પ્રાયંચબક
તફકે્ક મતૃ્ય ુજોખભ લધે, ઓછો ગબા વલકાવ અન ેઓછુ લજન ધયાલત ુનલજાત જન્ભે છે. આ ફધીજ અવયો આલતા 2070-2૦99 લો ભા ંગામ તથા બેવો ના દૂધ ઉત્ાદન તથા પ્રજનન વલધેમો આ ફનંે ભા ં શારના
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તાભાન થી 2-6 oC નો લધાયો થલાથી જોલા ભી ળકે છે. દૂધ ઉત્ાદનનો ઘટાડો બેંવ અન ેસ્લદેળી ગમો કયતા િોવ/ળકંય જાતો ભા ંઊંિો શળ.ે સ્લદેળી જાવતઓ કયતા ંઊંચ ુઉત્ાદન કયતી વલદેવી િોવ/ળકંય જાતી ય પ્રભાણભા ંલધ ુઅવય ડળે. આફોશલા ની અવય પ્રાણીઓ ના વલકાવ દય ઉય ણ જોલા ભે છે.
ઉચ્ચ તાપમાન ની પશ ુપોષણ પર તણાળ અને અસર :
લાતાલયણભા ંઊંચ ુતાભાન અન ેલધાયે બેજ ડયેી ગામ અને બેંવના ંોણ ય ફ ેગણુ ંઅવય કયે છે. વળંોધનોના આધાયે ળીધ ્થય ુછે કે જાનલય લીયીત લાતાલયણની યીસ્થીતીભા ંખોયાક ભા ં 9-13 %
નો ઘટાડો નોંધલે છે. ગયભીથી શનેુ ફિાલલા રાફંો વભમ ળેડભા ંયખાલાથી ણ ખોયાકભા ંનોંધાત્ર ઘટાડો થામ છે. તાભાનના લધાયાની અવય ઘાવિાય ની જાત તથા તેને ઉગલા ય ણ જોલ ભે છે. ઉિા તાભાન અને લધ ુબેજ ના કાયણે છોડ ભા ંયશરે પાઇફય (NDF) લધે છે અન ેજે શનુો વબંવલત ઇન્ટેક
ઘટાડ ેછે તથા પ્રાન્ટના વદૃ્ધિદય ને ણ ઘટાડ ેછે.
ઉચ્ચ તાપમાન ની પશ ુના પ્રજનન ઉપર અસર:
માદા પશઓુ ઉપર અસર: ગયભી ને કાયણે લધયતા તણાલ થી પ્રોજેસ્ટેયોન અને લ્મ̡ટીનાઈજીંગ અંતસ્ત્રાલ ભા ંપેયપાય થામ છે
જે ઋત ુ(oestrus) િિ ને ણ અવય કયે છે, તેભજ ફીજ વદૃ્ધિ, ગબા વલકાવ દયવભમાન અંતસ્ત્રાલ નુ ંઅવાભાન ણુ ં અને ગબા મતૃ્યદુય લધે છે.
લધતા તાભાનની પ્રજનન વલધેમો જેલા કે જનનકોળ યિના અન ે કામા, ગબા વલકાવ, ગબા વલકાવ દય અને વદૃ્ધિ ઉય પ્રવતકૂ અવયો લતાાતી જોલા ભે છે . લધભુા,ં ઉનાાભા ં લ્યુટંીનાઈજીંગ અંતસ્ત્રાલના ઉત્ાદનભા ંથતો પેયપાય અંડાવમના ઓછા લીકાવ ભાટે જલાલફદાય છે, જેને કાયણે શઓુ ઋત ુ(oestrus)
િિ ભા ંઓછા આલે છે. આ ક્રયસ્સ્થવતઓભા ંફે લીમાણ લચ્િેનો વભમ રફંામ, જન્ભ દય નીિો જામ અન ેદય
લે દૂધ ઉજ ભા ંઘટાડો જોઈ ળકામ છે.
લોડકીઓ ભા ંપ્રજનન અંગોના વલકાવ ભા ંતથા નાના લાછયડાઓં ના લજન/વદૃ્ધિ દય ઘટે છે.
નર પશઓુ ઉપર અસર:
ગયભીની લીયીત અવયો આખરાઓભા ંણ દેખામ છે, જેલીકે લીમા એકાગ્રતા, શિુાણઓુ અન ે
ગવતળીર કોોના નફંય વળમાા અન ેલવતં ઋત ુકયતા ઉનાાભા ંઓછા શોમ છે.
ગયભી ની અવય નાના નય ઉય લધાયે દેખામ છે. ણ ઠંડી ની અવય ઉભય રામક કે વધૃ્ધ નય ભા ંનાના નય કયતા લધાયે જોલા ભે છે.
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
83
ઉનાલા ની પરરસ્થથવત ની અસર ઘટાડળા માટે ખળડાળળાની વ્યહૂરચના : • ગયભ શલાભાનભા ંશનેુ ખોયાક તેની ગભાણ ભા ંઆો જેથી િારલા નુ ંઓછુ ંથામ અને ખોયાક રેલા
ભા ંલધાયો થામ. • ગોિય ભા ંશનેુ યાતે્ર િયલા ભાટે લધ ુભજૂંયી આો. જાનલય ગયભ શલાભાન કયતા યાતના વભમે
તેભના દૈવનક િયાઈ ના 70 % સધુી લધાયો કયળ ે.
• શાઇ પાઇફય forages વાભાન્મ ખોયાકની વયખાભણીભા,ં ાિન દ્વાયા લધ ુ ગયભી ેદા કયી ળકે છે.
શઓુ સ્લેચ્છાએ ગયભ શલાભાન દયવભમાન ઘાવિાયો ભમાાક્રદત ભાત્રાભા ંગ્રશંન કયળે , જેથી આ
વભમગાા દયવભમાન વાયી ગણુલત્તા લાો ઘાવિાયો યૂો ાડલો જોઈએ.
• વાયી ગણુલત્તા લાા ઘાવિાયો વાથ ેખોયાક ભા ંઊજાા લધાયતા ખોયાક આલા જોઈએ જે ખોયાક ના ઇન્ટેક ભા ંલધાયો કયે છે અન ેભેટાફોચરક ગયભી રોડ ઘટાડલા ભાટે ધ્માન કેન્દ્ન્િત કયે છે.
• ખોયાકભા ંખાવ કયીને વોક્રડમભ, ોટેવળમભ, ભેગ્નેવળમભ અન ેવનઆવવન સ્તયો વયબય કયલા ભાટે ખવનજો અન ેખોયાકભા ંવલટાવભન વાિંતા ભા ંલધાયો કયલો જોઈએ.
• ગામ ને ોટેવળમભની 1.5-1.6 % અન ે વોક્રડમભ 0.5-0.6 % ભાત્રા ગામ દૂધ ઉજ પ્રભાણે આવુ ંજોઈએ જે વબંવલત ગામ ના ગયભીબાય ને સધુાયળે. ોટેવળમભ ની ઉચ્િ ભાત્રાભા ં ખોયાક જે ભેટાફોચરક વભસ્માઓ (ઘાવ tetany ) ટાલા ભાટે ભદદ કયલા ભાટે 0.35-0.4 % ભેગ્નેવળમભ નો ણ વભાલેળ કયલો જોઈએ.
• વનઆવવન (6 ગ્રાભ / જાનલય/ ક્રદલવ ) ણ રાબદામી થઈ ળકે છે. તે ત્લિા ના તાભાન ઘટાડલા અન ે
દૂધ ઉજ લધાયલા ભાટે જાણીત ુ છે .
• ગયભ શલાભાન દયમ્માન વોક્રડમભ ફામકાફોનેટના 150-200 ગ્રાભ/શ/ુક્રદલવ ખોયાક દ્વાયા આવુ ંજોઈએ જે તેના ાિન ભાટે રાબદામક છે.
ગરમ ળાતાળરણની પરરસ્થથવતઓ ની અસર ઘટાડળા માટે ના સચંાન /વ્યહૂરચનાઓ:
• ફધા વભમે શઓુને તદ્દન ઠંડી જગ્મા તથા સ્લચ્છ જ રૂૂ ાડો. ગયભ શલાભાન દયવભમાન દૂધાળુ શઓુ એક ક્રદલવ ભા ં100 થી 200 રીટય ીલા ભાટે ની ક્ષભતા ધયાલે છે જે રંુૂ ાડવુ ંજોઈએ.
• વભગ્ર ક્રદલવ દયવભમાન ળેડ ભા ંશલા નુ ંક્રયલશન કયી થઈ ળકે તેવુ ંશોવ ુજોઈએ, જે માાલયણ દ્વાયા થતા શઓુના ‘શીટ’ રોડ ને ઘટાડી ળકે છે. પીડ આઉટ વલસ્તાયો, િયાઈ વલસ્તાયોભા ંઅને દોશન માડા ઉય ણ ળેડ રુૂ ાડવુ ંજોઈએ.
• દોશલાના વભમે તેભજ આયાભ અન ેખાલા ના વભમે અથલા તેની શરેા ંઅન ેછી ળેડ ભા ંકે ફશાય ફુલાયાની વ્મલસ્થા કયલી જોઈએ.
• જાનલય િયીને આલે ત્માયે અને ફોયે દોશતા શરેા ંફુલાયા શઠે ઊબા યાખલા જોઈએ. આથી ળયીયનુ ં તાભાન ઘટાડી ળકામ છે અને દોશન લખતે દૂધ ઉત્ાદન લધાયી ળકામ છે.
∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
84
5X]5F,SM ;FY[ ;\JFN SZJFGL 5wWlTVM
0MPZFH[X S]DFZ4 0MPV[;P0A<I]P;FJZSZ4 0MPHLPV[DPRF{WZL VG[ 0MPV[;PH[P58[, 5X]lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G lJ:TZ6 lJEFU4
5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4 H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
V;ZSFZS SMdI]lGS[XGGL BFDLG[ SFZ6[ VFW]lGS 5wWlTVMGM 5X]WG pt5FNSM p5IMU SZL XSTF
GYLP H[GFYL VFW]lGS DFlCTLG]\ TFtSF,LS 5F,G Y. XST] GYLP H[ VFlY"S ZLT[ 5X]5F,SMG[ G]S;FGSTF" AGL
XS[ K[P 5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ ;\N[XM VF5JF DF8[ lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZL ;FRL VG[ ;RM8 5wWlT HF6TF CMJF H~ZL
K[ S[ H[ H]NF H]NF JU"GF B[0}TMG[ IMuI DFlCTL VF5L XS[P
VF ;\N[XM 5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ 5X]WGGF ZC[9F64 jIJ:YF5STF :JF:YIGL ;FZ ;\EF/4 5|HGG lS|IF4
BMZFSDF\ VMKL BRF"/ YFI T[ DF8[ H~ZL K[P VF DF8[ H]NLvH]NL 5wWlTVMG[F p5IMU jIlSTUT4 ;D]CDF\
5X]WG pt5FNSMG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ HM0JF DF8[ YFI K[P
jIlSTUT 5wWlTov
lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZL jIlSTUT ;\5S" ;FWLG[ ,MSM ;FY[ ;\5S" SZ[ K[P
DFG;LSTF AN,JF DF8[[ NFPTP Z;LSZ64 S'+LD ALHNFG 5wWlT
U|]5 5wWlTov
V[S ;FY[ V[S SZTF\ JWFZ[ jIlSTVMG]\ SMdI]lGS[XG SZL XSFIP
5X]WGG]\ VFSl:DS G]S;FG V8SFJJF DF8[ 5X]WGGM lJDM SZFJJM H~ZL K[P H[JL DFlCTL VF5[ K[P
;D}C 5wWlTov
V[S ;FY[ B}A H DM8F ;D}CG]\ SMdI]lGS[XG SZL XSFIP
7FG VG[ Z; NFBJJF DF8[
NFPTP Z;LSZ64 BGLH1FFZ TYF ;]lDlzT NF6 VFCFZDF\ VF5JF AFATP
lJ:TZ6 5wwlTVM V[S 5|SFZGL S/F VG[ SF{X<I K[P H[ ,MSMG[ V[SALHF ;FY[ HM0[ K[P 5X]lRlSt;F
VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJWF,IDF\ lJ:TZ6 lX1F6 D]bItJ[ 5X]WG VG[ 5X]5F,SMG[ 5X]lRlSt;S ;FY[ HM0TL S0L
;DFG K[P EFZTDF\ DM8F EFUGF\ 5X]5F,SM GHLJL VFJS WZFJTF GFGF VG[ HDLG lJCM6F\ S'lQF5F,SM K[P
UZLALG[ SFZ6[ T[DGL V\NZ lX1F6G]\ WMZ6 GA/] K[ TYF SDFJJF DF8[ VtIFZ[ 56 5|FRLG ;DIGL 5X]5F,G
5wWlTVMGM p5IMU SZ[ K[P
U|FdI S1FFGF 5X]5F,SMGF\ J,64 7FG VG[ VFJ0T AN,TL TF\+LS DFlCTL VF5JL T[ 5X]lRlSt;S
DF8[ V3Z] K[P T[DG[ J{7FlGS DFlCTL VF5JF DF8[ 5X]5F,SMGL 5}J"E}lDSF TYF DFGl;STF HF6JL BF; H~ZL
K[P H[VM 5X]lRlSt;S lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVMGM p5IMU T[GF jIJ;FIDF\ SZL VG[ JW] ;FZ] 7FG D[/J[ H[YL
5X]WGGF\ pt5FNGDF\ ;FZM V[JM JWFZM SZL XS[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
85
H]NFvH]NF 5|SFZGL lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVM CMI K[P ,BF6M HM. XSFI4 ;F\E/L XSFI VG[ NXF"JL XSFI
T[JF lR+M 5X]5F,SMG[ HM0JFDF\ DCtJGM EFU EHJ[ K[P T[YL 5X]5F,GGF jIJ;FIDF\ lJ:TZ6 5wWlTVMGL
T{IFZL VG[ p5IMU SZJFGL H~Z K[P
s!f 5M:8Zov
5M:8Z AGFJJF DF8[GF\ l;wWF\TMov
5M:8ZGL ~5Z[BF 3Î V1FZ[4 ;C[,F.YL ;DHL XSFI VG[ VFSQF"S Z\UDF\ CMJL HM.V[P
5M:8Z AGFJJF DF8[ H~ZL 38SMo
s!f lR+o
lR+ :JrK ;\N[XM ;Z/TFYL VF5L XSFI T[J]\ NMZ[,] CMJ] HM.V[P
N[BGFZG]\ wIFG U[ZDFU["GF NMZFI T[ DF8[ lAGH~ZL lJUTM 8F/JLP
lR+M AGFJTL JBT[ ,MSMGF VG]EJG[ wIFG[ ,> ;Z/TFYL ;DHL XSFI T[JF lJS<5M 5;\N SZJFP
sZf XaNMGF\ ,[Bo
5F\R XaNMGM ,[B ;FZM CMI K[P
,[B ;D:TZLI ,B[,M CMJM HM.V[ H[YL ;Z/TFYL JF\RL XSFIP
,[B JrR[YL T]8[,M G CMJM HM.V[P
s#f Z\UMo
T[H:JL VG[ VFSQF"S Z\UMGF\ p5IMU SZJM
JF\RGFZ ;Z/TFYL ;DHL XS[ T[ DF8[ +6 SZTF\ JWFZ[ Z\UMGM p5IMU SZJM GlCP
V\NZGF EFU[ GHZ[ 50[ T[JF Z\UMGM p5IMU SZJM
s$f HuIFov
5M:8Z lR+M VG[ XaNMYL EZ[,]\ G CMJ] HM.V[P
5}ZTL HuIFV[ RMS;F. 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P
s5f VF,[B sZRGFfov
VF,[B ;DT],G CMJM HM.V[ H[YL N[BGFZGL VF\BM ;Z/TFYL VG[ h05L ,[B p5Z 50[P
5MQ8Z AGFJJFGF\ p5IMUMov
5M:8Z HM. XSFI 56 NXF"JL G XSFI T[J] DFwID K[P H[GM X{1Fl6S SFI" DF8[ p5IMU SZL XSFIP
T[GM ACM/F 5|DF6DF\ B[0}TM VG[ 5X]5F,SMG[ lX1F6 VF5JF DF8[ YFI K[P
5MQ8Z NX"SMGF\ GJF lJRFZ VF5JF DF8[ lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZLG[ p5IMUL K[P
5M:8Z ,F\AF ;DI ;]WL 5|NlX"T SZL XSFI S[ H[YL UFD0FGF\ ,MSMG[ ;TT IFN V5FJ[P
5M:8ZGM ;F{YL JW] p5IMU h]\A[X DF8[ VG[ UFD0FGF\ ,MSMG[ 5|[Z6F VF5JF X{1Fl6S SFI"S|DMDF\ YFI K[P
5M:8Z 5|NX"G VG[ SFI"S|DDF\ UFD0FGL 5lZl:YTLG[ wIFGDF\ ZFBL B[0}TMG[ ;DHJFDF\ DNN 5}ZL 5F0[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
86
sZf O,[X SF0"ov
O,[X SF0" AGFJJF DF8[ l;wWF\TMov
s!f O,[X SF0"V[ V[KF 5|SFZGF\ lR+M K[ H[ 50NF 5Z HM. XSFTF GYLP T[G]\ J6"G SZJF DF8[ ;\5}6" JFTF" lR+M
;FY[ IMuI 38GFS|DDF\ CMJL HM.V[P
sZf JFTF" RMSS; lXQF"S ;FY[ 5lZlRT VG[ V\TDF\ ;}RGM CMJF HM.V[P
s#f ;C[,F.YL ;DHFI T[JF XaNM VG[ :YFlGS XaN5|IMUGM O,[XSF0"DF\ p5IMU SZJM HM.V[P
s$f O,[X SF0"GL ;\5}6" ;\bIF !_ YL !Z CMJL HM.V[P H[YL B[0}TM ;C[,F.YL IFN ZFBL XS[P
s5f O,[X SF0" 5}ZTL SNG]\4 NZ[S DF6;M HM. XS[ T[J] VG[ T[ ZZ2Z( .\RG][ CMJ] HM.V[[P ;FNL ,L8L NMZ[,]4
R,lR+M VG[ SF8]"GDF\ TNG 5]ZGF 5|DF6DF\ Z\UM 5}Z[,F CMJF HM.V[P
O,[X SF0"GF\ p5IMUMov
s!f O,[X SF0"GM p5IMU #_ ;]WLGL ;\bIFGF ;D]CDF\ H SZJMP
sZf O,[X SF0" ;D}C A[9SDF\ lGlZ1FS B[0}GMG[ Z; lGDF"6 SZJF DF8[ DNN~5 K[P
s#f O,[X SF0"DF\ lR+M ;LWF H HM. XSFIP
s$f O,[X SF0" h05YL AGFJL XSFI SFZ6S[ T[DF\ lAG BRF"/ :YFlGS 5NFY"GM J5ZFX YFI K[P
s5f O,[X SF0" JSTFG[ H~ZL D]NF lJX[ JFT SZJFD\F p5IMUL K[P
s#f ;FlCtIov
sVf 5lZ5+ov
s!f 5lZ5+ h05L VG[;:T] HM0JF DF8[G]\ K[P
sZf 5lZ5+G]\ 5]Gopt5FNG SZL V[H DFlCTL ;FY[ ,MSMDF\ OZT] SZL XSFIP
s#f SM. h]\A[X S[ lJ:TZ6G[ ,UTF SFD DF8[ ;\N[XM 5CM\RF0JF DF8[ 5lZ5+GM p5IMU SZL XSFIP
s$f lJ:TZ6 VlWSFZLG[ B[0}TMG[ SM. 5|J'lT H6FJJF DF8[ 5lZ5+ p5IMUL K[P
sAf ;,FCSFZL 5+ov
s!f ;,FCSFZL 5+ B[0}TMG[ ;,FC VF5JF DF8[GF\ C[T]YL ,BJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P
sZf ;,FCSFZL 5+DF\ ;,FC DF8[G]\ OMD" S[ H[DF\ 5|F:TFlJS DFlCTL H[JL S[ RMDF;F 5C[,F 5X]VMG[ Z;L
D]SL HLJ,[6 ZMUMG]\ lGI\+6 SZJ]\ HM.V[P
s#f ;,FCSFZL 5+ NZ V9JFl0V[ S[ 5BJFl0I[ B[0}TMG[ DMS,JF HM.V[P
s$f ;,FCSFZL 5+ DF8[ kT] VG[ ;DI DCtJGM K[P
sSf KF5[,] SFU/LI]\ s5l+SFql,O,[8fov
s!f 5l+SFV[ V[S 5FGFG\] SFU/ K[P H[DF\ V[S D]NF lJX[ DFlCTL ;Z/ EFQFFDF\ NXF"JJF DF8[ p5IMUL K[P
sZf 5l+SFDF\ V[S VYJF A[ 5[H sV[S VYJF A\G[ AFH] l5|g8 SZ[,Ff JFTF" AGFJJF DF8[ J5ZFI K[P
s#f 5l+SFDF\ lR+M CMI K[ PH[ UFD0FGF\ B[0}TMG[ ;DHJF DF8[ ;C[,] 50[ K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
87
s0f 5[dO,[8 sRM5FlGI]\fov
s!f RM5FlGI]\ V[ X{1Fl6S ;CFI K[P H[DF\ 36L DF+FDF\ 5FGF\ CMI K[P T[DF\YL ALHL GS,M AGFJL XSFI K[ P
sZf RM5FlGIFDF\ Zv!Z 5FGF\ CMI K[P 5C[,] D]bI 5FG] l5|g8 SZ[,]4 Zv# Z\UMYL X6UFZ[,]\ VG[ T[DF\ YM0FS
lS|IFtDS lR+M CMJF HM.V[P
s#f RM5FlGIFGM p5IMU DL8L\U VG[ 5|NX"GDF\ YFI K[P
s>f OM<0Zov
s!f OM<0ZV[ V[S 5FGFG]\ SFU/ K[ H[ V[S VYJF A[ AFH] JF/[,]\ CMI K[ S[ H[YL V\NZG]\ D8LZLI, V[S 5KL
V[S S|DF\SDF\ VFJ[P
sZf OM<0ZDF\ OSZM S[ 5}6" JFSI ,BJFGL H~Z GYLP
s#f OM,0Z H]NFvH]NF R,lR+MGL DNNYL VFSQF"S AGFJL XSFIP
s$f OM<0ZGM p5IMU ;D]CDF\ DL8L\UDF\ VG[ 5|NX"GDF\ DM8L ;\bIFDF\ B[0}TMG[ DFU"NX"G VF5JF DF8[ YFI
K[P
s$f 5|JFlC :O8LS l0:%,[ ( LCD) 5|MH[S8Zov
5|MH[S8Z £xIvzFjI ;FWG K[P VFW]lGS HDFGFD\F VtIFZ[ D}JL 5|MH[S8GF AN,[ V[,;L0L 5|MH[S8ZGM
p5IMU JWFZ[ YFI K[P SFZ6S[4 VF 5|MH[S8Z ;Z/TFYL V[S HuIFV[YL ALHL HuIFV[ ,. H. XSFI
K[P V[,;L0L 5|MH[S8ZDF\ £xI zFjI SFI"S|DM SM.56 5|SFZGL ~SFJ8 JUZ NXF"JL XSFI K[P
T[DF\ l5|g8 SZ[,L DFlCTLG[ :S[G SZLG[ 56 NXF"JL XSFI K[P VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ lR+GF 50NFG]\ SN D]JL
5|MH[S8ZGL ;ZBFD6LDF\ DM8] CMI K[P T[DF\ O[ZAN, ;C[,F.YL SZL XSFI K[P
VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ lR+ :5Q8 lZhM<I]XGDF\ VG[ 50NFYL !_v!5 O]8 N}Z ZFBLG[ 56 NXF"JL XSFI K[P
VF 5|MH[S8ZDF\ VMKM lJH/LGM J5ZFX YFI K[P H[GL DNNYL V[S ;FY[ JW] ;\bIFDF\ B[0}TMG[ ;DHFJL
XSFI K[ P
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5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
88
5X];FZJFZ NZdIFG lGEFJJFGF YTF H}NFvH}NF 5+SMGL DFCLTL
0MP H[P V[;P 58[,
D[0L;LG lJEFU4 5X] lRlSt;F VG[ 5X]5F,G DCFlJnF,I4
H}GFU- S'lQF I]lGJl;"8L4 H}GFU-P
5X]5F,G jIJ;FIDF\ BF; SZL N]W pt5FNGGF JIJ;FIDF\ H]NFvH]NF 5F;F GF GM\W5+SM ZFBJF
H~ZL K[P AWF jIJ;FIDF\ SNFR N]Wpt5FNGGM H jIJ;FI V[JM K[ S[ H[DF GM\W5+SM 36F VMKF 5X]5F,SM
ZFB[ K[P VFJF GM\W5+SM jIJ;FIGF VFYL"S lR+G[ :5Q8 SZL 5X]5F,GG[ GOFSFZS jIJ;FI SZJF H~ZL
lG6"IM ,[JFDF DNN~5 YFI K[P GFGFvDM8F NZ[S 5X]5F,S[ VFJL GM\WJCLVM ZFBJL H~ZL K[P
.lTCF;5+SsCL:8=XL8fov
5X]5F,GGF\ 5+SDF .lTCF;5+S ;F{YL JWFZ[ VUtIG]\ K[P VF56[ HF6LI[ KLV[ S[ ;O/
5X]5F,GDF IMuI ;J"WGG]\ 36] DCtJ K[P IMuI ;J"WG DF8[ ;FZL HFTGL DFNF VG[ GZ HM.V[P
NFPTP4UFIMDF IMuI ;J"WG DF8[ ;FZL HFTGL UFIM VG[ ;F\- HM.V[P ;F\-GF AFCI ,1F6M p5ZF\T T[GF
VF\TZLS ,1F6MGM 56 VeIF; SZJM HM.V[P VF DF8[ T[GF\ DFTF4 l5TF4 NFNF4 EF.4 AC[G VG[ T[GL 5|HFGM
VeIF; SZJM H~ZL K[P VF AWL DFCLTL .TLCF;5+S p5ZYL D/L XS[ K[P .lTCF;5+S A[ EFUDF JC[RL
XSFIP
;DFgI 5+So H[DF 5X]G] GFD4 G\AZ4 HFT4 HgD :Y/4 HgD TFZLB4 BZLWF TFZLB4 SIFYL BZLNL4
lS\DT45X]GF AF5G] GFD4 T[DGL DF\NUL4 T[DGL ;\bIF JU[Z[GM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
S[8,FS p5IMUL VG[ 5|R,LT 5+SMG]\ JUL"SZ6 GLR[ D]HA K[o
!P;FDFgI 5+SM
UF{XF/F ZMHGLXL 5+S
5X] ZMHD[/ 5+S
HgD 5+S
DZ6 5+S
5X]WG 5+S
5X] DF\NUL 5+S
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N{GLS N]Wpt5FNG 5+S
DF:LS N]W pt5FNG 5+S
VFHLJG N]W pt5FNG 5+S
N]WF/F 5X]G] .lCF; 5+S
#P 5X] 5|HGGL GM\WJFCLVM
DF;JFZ 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTL 5+S jIlSTUT 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTL 5+S
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
89
$P 5X]vVFCFZGL GM\WJFCLVM
BF6vNF6 5+S 3F;RFZF pt5FNG VG[ J5ZFX 5+S
!P ;FDFgI GM\WJFCLVMo
sVf UF{XF/F ZMHGLXL GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLDF TFZLB JFZ UF{XF/FDF AG[,L AWL H CSLSTGL
GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[\ 5X]GL DF\NUL4 DZ64 HgD4 O?I] YJFGL AFAT4 WF;RFZFvBF6NF6G] pt5FNG JU[Z[GL
VF GM\WJCLDF GM\W YIF VgI ;\A\lWT GM\WJCLDF GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[\VF GM\WJCL 5FIFGL GM\WJCL K[P V[GM
GD]GM 5+S V[S D]HA K[P
sAf 5X] ZMHD[/ GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLG[ CFHZL5+S GM\WJCL 56 SC[JFDF VFJ[ K[P VF
GM\WJCLDF\ ZMH[ZMH JU"JFZ S[8,F 5X]GL CFHZL OFD" 5Z Vl:TtJDF K[ T[GL GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[P HgDYL
VYJF BZLNLYL YTF JWFZF DF8[ VG[ DZ6YL VYJF J[RF6YL YTF 38F0F JWFZFGL GM\W 56 VF ZHL:8ZDF
YFI K[P T[ JM0SL HIFZ[ jIFI K[ tIFZ[ UFI AG[ K[P VFYL JM0SLGF JU"DF GFGL ;\bIF VMKL YX[ VG[
UFIJU"DF\ V[SGM JWFZM YX[P VF GM\WJCLGM GD]GM 5+SvZ D]HA K[P
sSf 5X]HgD GM\WJCLov VF GM\WJCLDF 5X]GF HgDGL GM\W SZJFDF VFJ[ K[HgD ;DIG] JHG
VG[ TFZLB UEF":YF SF/GF lNJ;4 l5TF VG[ DFTFGL lJUT TYF ArRFG[ V5FI[, VM/B G\AZGL lJUT VF
5+SDF CMI K[P 5+S v # D]HAGL GM\WJCL AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
s0f 5X]DZ6 GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+ 5Z DZ6GL GM\3 DF;JFZ CMI K[P DF;JFZ V[SL
;FY[ YTL GM\W DZ6 GF VFS0F VG[ SFZ6 5|tI[ VF56] TZT wIFG B[R[ K[P V[ VF GM\WJCL lGEFJJFGM C[T] K[P
5+Sv$ D]HA GM\WJCL AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
s.f 5X]WG GM\WJCL ov VF 5X]pK[Z 5|1F[+G]\ DCtJG] ZHL:8Z K[P VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+GF NZ[S
5X]GL JU"JFZ JLUTJFZ GM\W SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P DZ6GL GM\W 56 SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P TYF JU" O[Z YTF V[S JU"
DF\YL SDL SZL ALHFJU" DF\ pD[ZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P J[RF6YL VUZ VgI ZLT[ SFID DF8[ 5|1F[5 ACFZ UI[, 5X]GL
GM\W VF ZHL:8ZDF\ SZJFDF\ VFJ[, K[P 8}\SDF\ VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[5 5ZGF NZ[S 5X]GL lJUT JFZ GM\W CMI K[P
ZMHD[/ GM\WJCLDF\ VF56G[ OST JU"JFZ ;\bIF D/[ K[P HIFZ[ VF GM\WJCLDF\ lJUT 56 CMI K[P GM\WJCL
5+Sv5 D]HAGF GD]GFDF\ AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
sV[Of 5X] DF\NUL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5X]DF\ SM. DF\NUL CMI TM T[GL JLUT 5X]GL JLUT
;FY[ DF;JFZ N{GLS GM\W YFI K[P GM\WJCL 5+Sv& D]HAGF GD]GFDF\ AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
sZf N}3 pt5FNG 5+Sov
.lTCF; 5+S H[8,]\ H N}Wpt5FNG 5+S DCtJG]\ K[P N}W pt5FNG 5+SYL U{FXF/FG]\ T[ TA[,FG]\
NZZMHG]\ N]W4 S[8,F 5X] NL9 ;Z[ZFX S[8,] N}W pt5FNG YFI K[P NZ[S 5X]G]\ N{GLS N}W4 DF;JFZ N}W4 VFHLJG
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
90
N}W JU[Z[ HF6L XSFI K[P N}WF/F 5X]G]\ .TLCF; 5+S H[DS[ ;{FYL JWFZ[ N}W pt5FNGGF\ lNJ;M SIF K[ JU[Z[
DFCLTL HF6L XSFI K[P
!P N{GLS pt5FNGGL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5+Sv* GF GD]GF D]HA ;JFZv;F\HGF N{GLS
N}W pt5FNGGL GM\W DF;JFZ SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCLDF N}WF/F 5X]GF lJIF6GL TYF O/] YIFGL TFZLB
GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VFYL lJIF6 AFN IMuI ;DIDF\ G O/[, 5X] TZO wIFG B[RF\I K[P 5X]GF N{GLS N}W
pt5FNG DF YTM O[ZOFZ 56 TZT wIFG[ VFJ[ K[P H[YL T[GL p5FIvIMHGF Y. XS[ K[P O/] Y. UI[, 5X]GF\
UE" lGNFG DF8[GL IFNL 56 VF ZHL:8Z 5ZYL T{IFZ YFI K[P lJIF6G[ ,F\AM ;DI YIM CMI T[JF 5X]G[
J;]SFJJF DF8[GL DFCLTL VF 5+S 5ZYL p5,aW YFI K[P VFD VF GM\WJCLGF 5|1F[+GF NZ[S 5X]GF N]WGL
DFCLTL VF5[ K[P pt5gG YI[,F N]WGF HyYFGL lJUT 56 VF5[ K[P 5|1F[+ B]A VUtIGL GM\WJCL K[P
ZP DFl;S N]W pt5FNGGL GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv(GF GD]GF D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
VF GM\WJCLYL 5X] J[TZ NZdIFG DF;JFZ S[8,] N}W pt5gG YI] K[ T[GM TYF S], pt5FNGGM bIF, VFJ[ K[P
5X]GF N]WF/ lNJ;M J;]S[,F lNJ;MGL DFCLTL D/[ K[P VF GM\WJCL VMK] pt5FNG VF5TF 5X] TZO wIFG
B[\RJFDF\ p5IMUL YFI K[P VFYL4 V[ 5X]GM 5|1F+ 5ZYL lGSF, SZJFGM lG6"I ,[JFDF\ VG]S]/TF ZC[ K[P
#P VFHLJG N}W pt5FNG GM\WJCL ov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv) D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF 5+SDF\
5X]GF 5|YD lJIF6YL V[ J[RFI HFI VUZ N}W VF5T] A\W Y. HFI tIF ;]WLGF AWF J[TZGL DF;JFZ N}W
pt5FNGGL GM\W YFI K[P VF GM\WJCL ;\JW"GGL N=lQ8V[ W6L p5IMUL K[P VF 5+S 5ZYL NZ JQF[" 5X]G] S], N}W
pt5FNG S[8,] ZCI] T[GL VUFpGF JQF"GL ;FY[ T],GFtDS DFCLTL D/[ K[P NF6GL ;Z[ZFX SZTF VMKF pt5FNS
5X]GL DFCLTL VF GM\WJCLDF\ D/[ K[P H[YL K86LGF lG6"IDF\ VF GM\WJCL p5IMUL YFI K[P JW] N}W VF5TF
5X]GL DFCLTL 56 wIFG B[\R[ K[P H[YL V[JF 5X]GM TYF V[GL ;\TTLGM ;\JW"g\GDF VF56[ p5IMU SZL XSLI[
KLV[P
$P N}WF/F 5X]G]\ .lTCF; 5+S VG[ J\XFJ,L ov VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+GF NZ[S N}WF/F 5X]GL A[
5[-LGL lJUT CMI K[P TYF 5X]GL HgDTFZLB4 5|YD lJIF6GL p\DZ4 NZ[S J[[TZGL O/IF TFZLB4 lJIF6
TFZLB4 ArRFGL lJUT4 J;]SIF TFZLB4 NZ[S J[TZGF N}WF/ VG[ J;]S,F lNJ;MGL ;\bIF4 J[TZ NZdIFG
pt5FNG4 J[TZNL9 N{GLS ;Z[ZFX4 N}W pt5FNGGL lJUTM CMI K[P 5X]G[ SM. ZMU YIM CMI TM T[GL lJUT
GM\WJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCL N}WF/F 5X]G]\ ;DU| lR+ VF56L GHZ ;D1F pE] SZ[ K[P VFYL ;\JW"G DF8[
5X]GL 5;\NULGL SFDULZL DF8[ B}A DCtJGL GM\WJCL K[P VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv !_ D}HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P
s#f 5|HGGGL GM\WJCL ov
sVf DF;JFZ 5X] O?IFGL DFCLTLGL GM\WJCL ov N}WF/F 5X]GF 5|HGG V\U[GL VF VFJxIS
GM\WJCL K[P T[ 5+S v!! D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\WJCLDF\ 5|1F[+ 5Z DF;JFZ N{GLS 5X] O?IFGL
AFAT GM\W SZJFDF\ VFJ[ K[P 5X]G[ S'l+D ALHNFGYL S[ S]NZTL ;[JFYL O[/jI] T[GF 56 ;F\-v5F0F GF GFD ;FY[
GM\WL CMI K[P N{lGS N}W pt5FNG GM\WJCLDF\ lJIF6GL TFZLB CMI K[P VFYL H[ T[ DF;DF\ O/JFIMuI 5X]GL
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
91
IFNL T{IFZ SZL VF GM\WJCL ;FY[ ;ZBFJFDF\ VFJ[ TM IYF IMuI ;DI[ G O/[,F 5X] 5|tI[ TZT H wIFG B[RF\I
K[P VG[ T[GM p5FI v IMHGF Y. XS[ K[P H[ T[ ;DI[ O/[,F 5X]GL IFNL VF GM\WJCLDF\ p5,aW YFI K[P H[GM
p5IMU SZL +6 DF; AFN UE"lGNFGG]\ VFIMHG SZL UE"WFZ6 YI] K[S[ GlC T[GL T5F; SZL XSFI K[P VG[
UE"WFZ6 G YI] CMI T[JF N]WF/F 5X]GL TFtSF,LS p5FIvIMHGF SZL XSFI K[P VFD4GM\WJCL 5|HGGGL
£lQ8V[ B]A DCtJGL K[P
sAf jIlSTUT 5X] O?IFGL DFlCTLGL GM\WJCLov N]3F/F 5X]GF O?IF AFATGL jIlSTUT GM\W
VF GM\WJCLDF SZJFDF VFJ[ K[P VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv!Z D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\WJCL 5X]GL OF,] YIF
AFATGL BFTFJCL K[P ;DFgI ZLT[ N]WF/F 5X] V[S S'+LD ALHNFGYL S[ V[S S]NZTL ;[JFYL O/] Y. HTF GYLP
O/] SZJF V[S N]WF/F 5X]G[ VF5JFDF VFJ[, S], ;[JFGL lJUT VF GM\WJCLDF CMI K[P VF GM\WJCL ;[JFGL
;\bIF 5ZYL N]WF/F 5X]GF 5|HGGT\+GM ;FRM bIF, VF5[ K[P VG[ 5X]G[ pt5FNG RS|DF\ ZFBJFGL 5|S|LIFDF
;CFI E]T YFI K[P
5X] VFCFZGL GM\WJCLVM
NF6 5+S sBF6NF6 J5ZFXGL GM\WJCLfov BF6NF6 J5ZFXGL GM\WJCL 5+Sv!# GF GD]GF
D]HA AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P VF GM\W JCL DF; NZDLIFG BF6NF6GF J5ZFXGM bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X] NL9 BF6
NF6GM J5ZFX TYF N]W pt5FNGG BR"GL U6TZLDF p5IMUL YFI K[P
3F;RFZF 5+S s3F;RFZF pt5FNG VG[ J5ZFXGL GM\WJCLfov VF GM\WJCL 5+Sv!$ D]HA
AGFJJFGL ZC[ K[P 5|1F[+ 5Z ,L,F VG[ ;]SF RFZFGF J5ZFXGM VF GM\WJCL bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X]GL ;\bIFDF
5|DF6DF 5]ZTM RFZM D/[ K[ S[ GCL T[GM bIF, VF GM\WJCLYL VFJ[ K[P
UF{XF/FGF lC;FAMGF\ 5+SM
UF{XF/FGF lC;FAMDF\ lC;FAL 5+SM4 ZMHD[/4 BFTFJCL4 JFpRZAL,4 5CMR4 DF;LS ;ZJ{I]4
0[0:8MS VG[ ,F.J:8MSGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
ZMHD[/ov VF 5+SMDF ZMHGL ,[J0vN[J0GM HDF pWFZ D]HA GM\W ZFBJFDF VFJ[ K[P ZMHGL ;DU|
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BFTFJCLov ZMHD[/ p5ZYL NZ[S BFTFGL BFTFJCL T{IFZ SZL XSFI K[P BFTFJCL p5ZYL JQF"G] HDF
pWFZGL U6TZL SZL XSFI K[P
JFpRZ AL,ov ;ZSFZL T\+ S[ ;\:YFVMDF JFpRZ 5wWTL K[P 5+SDF SM. 56 BR" AFAT[ lA, CMJ] H~ZL
K[P AL,G[ JFpRZ ;FY[ HMJFDF VFJ[ K[P JFpRZ 5|DF6[ HDFvpWFZ SZJ] ;Z/ AG[ K[P
5CMRov H[JL ZLT[ ZSD pWFZTL JBT[ lA,GL H~Z 50[ K[P T[JL ZLT[ ZSD HDSF SZTL JBT[ 5CMR VF5JL
H~ZL K[P
5X]WG lGlZÙSM DF8[ — V[:SF0 ˆ V\TU"T —— UFI v E[\;DF\ 5|HGGGF\ 5|̀ GM VG[ VFW]lGS p5FIM ˆˆ TF,LD4UFIG[SM,MHL lJEFU4 J[8ZGZL SM,[H4 H]PS]PI]4 H]GFU-4 l0;[dAZvZ_!#
92
:8MS 5+Sov T[DF 0[0:8MS 5+S VG[ ,F.J :8MS 5+SGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P ,F\AF JBT ;]WL 8SL XS[ VG[
NZZMH J5ZFTF W8TL G CMI T[JL J:T]VM S[ ;FWGM 0[0:8MS 5+SDF GM\WJFDF VFJ[ K[P HIFZ[ ,F.J:8MSDF
5X]WGGL GM\W6LGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
DF;LS ;ZJ{I]ov ;FDFgI ZLT[ RM50F p5ZYL NZ DF;[ TFZ6 SF-JFDF VFJ[ K[ VF TFZ6 SF-JFGL ZLTG[
;ZJ{I] SC[JFDF VFJ[ K[P T[DF lJUT[ S[8,M BR" VG[ S[8,L VFJS Y. T[ HF6L XSFI K[P ZMHGM lC;FA ZFBJF
H~ZL Ul6TDF BF; SZLG[ HDF pWFZ 5+SDF S[JL ZLT[ ,BL XSFI VG[ BFTFJCL S[JL ZLT[ AGFJL XSFI4
N]WGM lC;FA S[JL ZLT[ U6JM HM.V[ JU[Z[ AFATGM ;DFJ[X YFI K[P
U{FXF/FGF ZMHAZMHGF\ BR" VG[ VFJSGL GM\W DF8[ JCL ZMHD[/ lGEFJJL H~ZL K[PVF p5ZF\T VF
JCL 5Z VFWFZLT H}NFvH}NF BR"GF ;NZMGL BFTFJCL 56 ZFBJL H~ZL K[4H[YL JQF"GF V\T[ ;ZJ{I] SF-JFDF
;Z/TF ZC[P
GM\WJCLVM lGEFJJFGF OFINFov
s!f GM\WJCLVM lGEFJJFYL 5|1F[+ 5Z JU"JFZ VG[ S], S[8,F 5X]VM K[ T[GM VF56G[ bIF, ZC[ K[P H[YL
3F;RFZF VG[ BF6NF64 ZC[9F6 VG[ DH}ZMGL H~lZIFTG IMuI VFIMHG SZL XSFIP
sZf pt5FNGGL GM\WJCLVM 5|1F[+GF S], N]W pt5FNGGM bIF, VF5[ K[P 5X]GF jIlSTUT pt5FNGGM4 N]WF/
;DI GM TYF J;]S[,F ;DIGM VG[ A[ lJIF6 JrR[GM ;DIGM :5Q8 bIF, VF5[ K[P
s#f 5|HGGL GM\WJCLVM lAG5|HGG1FD 5X]VM TZO 5X]5F,GG] wIFG B[R[ K[P VFJF lAG5|HGG1FD
5X]VMGM .,FH G SZJFDF VFJ[ TM T[ 5|1F[+G[ VFYL"S ZLT[ AMHF~5 AG[ K[P
s$f BFNF6GL GM\WJCLVM 5|1F[+ 5Z 5X]NL9 IMuI NF6 VG[ RFZM D/[ K[S[ GCL T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P
s5f GM\WJCLVMGF DFCLTLGF VFWFZ[ 0[ZLOFD"GF jIJ:YF5SG[ 5MTFGM W\WM S[D RF,[ K[ T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P
s&f N]W pt5FNGGL DFCLTLGF VFWFZ[ 0[ZLOFD"DF\ jIJ:YF5SG[ 5MTFGM W\WM S[D RF,[ K[ T[GM bIF, VF5[ K[P
s*f f N]W pt5FNGGL DFCLTLYL N]W NMCG SZGFZ DH]ZM AZFAZ NMCG SZ[ K[ S[D T[ HF6L XSFI K[P VG[ IMuI
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103
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104
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105
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106
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