5G Outlook

Test and Measurement Aspects

Mark Bailey

mark.bailey@rohde-schwarz.com

Application Development

Rohde & Schwarz

Outline

ı Introduction

ı Prospective 5G requirements

ı Global 5G activities and technology options

ı Mm-wave frequencies and related test & measurement

aspects

ı Summary

2

Global Success of LTE/LTE-Advanced LTE/LTE-A performance will be the benchmark

3

ı The fastest growing

cellular technology ever.

ı 566 operators committed

in 166 countries.

ı 450+ networks expected

by E2015.

ı 360 commercially

launched LTE networks.

Source: GSA reports (Jan 2015)

2005 2010 2015

Rel8 Rel10 Rel12

Mass deployment

1st commercial

LTE network

R&S 1st commercial

LTE test solutions

Development

LTE-Advanced Rel-12 Rel-12 Building Blocks

Joint FDD-TDD Operation

Network-Assisted Interference Cancellation

Further Enhancements to LTE TDD for DL-UL Interference

Management and Traffic Adaptation

Coverage Enhancements

M2M / MTC

Support for low

cost devices

WiFi offloading

Selective traffic

offload

Small Cell enhancements

incl. dual layer connectivity

(macro/pico) and 256 QAM

D2D

Proximity service

detection and

communication

Additionally:

4

5G has not been defined yet! Discussed Scenarios & Requirements

5

Very high

data rate

ı Dense crowd of users:

High data rates.

High capacity.

Limited area.

ı Internet of Things (sensors; leisure

applications, …):

The volume of devices and “things” will

create new requirements.

Battery life time expectation -> years.

User case specific data rates/capacity.

ı Internet of Things (emergency

comms, robots, …):

Low latency.

High reliability,

resilience and security.

User case specific

data rates/capacity.

5G What can be expected

6

LTE R8/9

LTE R10/11

LTE R12/13

2010

l Evolution of LTE/LTE-A will not be sufficient, given the

forecasted increase in the number of devices (M2M) and

data consumption, and perceived reduction in latency.

l Wider bandwidths and higher frequencies.

l Potential new air interface(s), which need to

accommodate tight latency requirements.

l Integration with existing technologies, LTE/LTE-A

(2G/3G/WLAN) will be key!

2013 2015

LTE R14/15

Potential

New RAT

+

2020

“Horizon2020”

Adaptive

New RAT

LTE R14/15

Worldwide Research Activities and Initiatives Overview (chronological order)

7

ı NYU Wireless: US research center conducting significant work on propagation

characterization at mm-wave frequencies since 2012

ı 5GNOW: Non Orthogonal Waveforms (started in Sept 2012)

ı METIS: Mobile and wireless communications Enablers for the

Twenty-twenty Information Society (started in Nov 2012)

ı MiWEBA – Millimetre-Wave Evolution for Backhaul and Access (June 2013)

ı IMT-2020 / Future Forum*: China 5G organizations (Feb 2013)

ı 5G Forum*: Korean industry-academy-R&D consortium

established in May 2013

ı 2020 and Beyond Adhoc: In Japan ARIB established a new

AdHoc working group in Sep 2013

ı 5G Innovation Centre*: 5G research in the UK started in Nov 2013

ı Horizon 2020: EU Research and Innovation program (2014 - 2020)

ı NGMN 5G Initiative* (started at MWC 2014)

ı 5G Lab Germany* (TU Dresden, opened in Sept 2014) *R&S is member /

active

5G Technology Options – Significant to R&S.

Massive MIMO / beamforming - Significantly increased number of Tx / Rx elements - Over the air measurements become essential

Mm-Wave frequencies - High absolute frequency bands / wider bandwidth - New channel models reflecting different propagation conditions

New air interface technology / New protocols - Multiple air interface candidates being researched - Obvious impact to the complete test portfolio

Cloud based network architecture - Centralized base station baseband with high number of distributed radio units ideally connected with no latency (fiber); SDN and NFV - Traffic analytics and security will gain importance

8

Massive MIMO / mm-Wave MIMO Beamforming is one important aspect

9

ı Massive MIMO characterized by Very large (i.e. number of Tx elements) antenna

array at the base station.

Large number of users served simultaneously.

TDD allows channel estimation without UE

feedback.

Leveraging the multiplicity of (uncorrelated)

propagation channels to achieve high throughput.

ı mm-Wave MIMO characterized by Very small (in terms of dimensions) antenna

arrays possible

Highly directional transmission is needed to

compensate severe path loss (beamforming

used at Tx and Rx)

Dynamic beam adaptation is essential

► Over the air measurements will become much more important

► Dynamic beamforming verification requires enhancement of

the existing test procedures

Test Requirement: Generation of modulated phase coherent signals

10

ı Testing of Active Antenna Systems

(AAS)

ı Stimulus generation for Over-The-

Air (OTA) tests

ı Beamforming simulation

ı MIMO simulation

R&S Solution:

ı Connection of vector signal

generators into a set, gives 4 RF

paths, up to 20 GHz.

ı Sets, sharing a distributed LO,

generate multiple coherent and

phase stable RF sources.

LO distribution

Phase coherent RF Tx1

Tx2

Tx3

Tx4

Tx5

Tx6

Tx7

Tx8

Antenna Frontend

SMW200A

SMW200A

SGU

SGS

SGU

SGS

SGU

SGS

SGU

SGS

Example: Two sets provide 8 phase coherent signals

External AWG

IQ BW = 2 GHz

Test Requirement: High frequencies and wide bandwidths

11

Signal Generation

R&S®SMW200A Vector Signal Generator

Internal AWG

IQ BW = 160 MHz

2 RF outputs

100 kHz to

20 GHz

+

IQ

R&S®FSW Signal and Spectrum Analyzer

Analysis up to

67 GHz in a single

Instrument.

500 MHz

BW

…any Wideband ARB generator

Load “5G” waveform onto the

R&S AFQ100B or any baseband generator

R&S®AFQ100B IQ Modulation Generator

1Gsample,

528 MHz RF

bandwidth

R&S®RTO1044 Digital Oscilloscope

IQ data

Signal Analysis

Channel bandwidth

up to 2 GHz (ext.

baseband)

12

l Signal Generation / Analysis above 67 GHz

l Channel bandwidth options (shown on previous

slides)

R&S®FSW Signal and Spectrum Analyzer

Analysis up to

67 GHz in a single

instrument…

Two path up to 20 GHz each,

e.g. fLO= 17 GHz and fIF= 4 GHz

R&S®SMW200A Vector Signal Generator

2 GHz

IQ modulator

LOout

R&S®FSZ75/90/110

Harmonic Mixer

IFIN

RF

i.e. 72 GHz

mm-wave reference plane

DUT is inserted here

RPG HM4 50-75

LO

IF

Harmonic

mixer using

the 4th

multiple of LO

Test Requirement: mmWave - Signal Analysis / Signal Generation

R&S Test Solution – Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) Device Characterization

13

R&S®ZVA Millimeter Wave Setup

TX

Device characterisation

Parallel measurements

l Direct measurement up to 67 GHz.

l Above 67 GHz, millimetre wave

convertors needed.

l Parallel measurements.

l Multiple ports.

l Coherent sources.

l Device S-parameters.

l Antenna measurements.

l Power & frequency sweeps.

R&S®ZVA Antenna

Measurement Setup

5G – Summary

ı The most significant T&M impact is expected from

Use of mm-wave frequencies, R&S anticipates a stepwise approach: Phase 1: Use everything up to 6 GHz. “Explore the known playing field!”

Phase 2: “5G” systems that support potentially up to 30 GHz.

Phase 3: “5G” hits frequencies above 30 GHz.

Support for high number of devices (IoT / M2M)

and D2D communication.

New physical layer, C/U splitting and

optimized MAC/RRM

► Significant 5G research has started (strong global momentum), but we

are still at the research and educational level

►R&S has rich RF experience and contributes to

ongoing 5G research activities

15

Thank you

for your attention!