5661 5665.output

* GB786069 (A)

Description: GB786069 (A) ? 1957-11-13

Improvements in or relating to rail fastening devices

Description of GB786069 (A)

X a PATENT SP 9 CIFICATION 786,3069 4 " Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Oct 1, 1954 Na 2841754. Application made in Switzerland on Oct 3, 1953. %>: t'4 i Application made in Switzerland on Nay 6, 1953. Application made in Switzerland on ian 7, 1954. Application made in Switzerland on jan 25, 1954. Complete Specification Published: Nov13, 1957. Index at acceptance -Class 89 ( 2)3 C 1 (D:C:L), International Classification:-FQ 6 b. COMPLETE SPECI Ff C TION PATENTS ACT, 1949 SPECIFICATION No 786,069 In accordance with the Decision of the Superintending Examiner, acting for the Comptroller-General, dated the thirtieth day of July, 1958 this Specification has been amended under Section 14 In the following mamer:Page 2, delete lines 39 47 Inclusive. Page 2, delete lines 123 125 Inclusive. Page 2, line 126 for " 12 " read "ll". Page 2, line 129 for, " 13 " read N 12 ". Page 3, line 2 for " 14 " readc " 13 ". THE PATENT OFFICE, 18th September, 1958 a spnng arim pumull w Ui Ucji Jlurlllr, free end a rail flange against the bed of such sleeper, characterised in that the spike is so constructed that the sleeper-engaging portion is driven-in or otherwise anchored immediately adjacent the rail flange and in an edge zone of the sleeper, whereby the spring arm portion through its free end clampedly engages the rail flange on or adjacent to the centre line of the sleeper. In order that the invention may be the more clearly understood reference is made to the accompanying drawings wherein:Fig 1 is a side

view of a first constructional form of the invention: Fig 2 is a front view according to Fig I; Fig 3 is a plan view according to Fig 1: Fie 4 is a plan view of a second constructional form: and Fig 5 is a plan view of a third constructional form. According to the constructional example shown in Figs 1-3, the elastic spike consists of a driven-in pin portion l and of a resilient or spring arm 3 connected thereto by a bent portion 2 and having its free end designated lPrice 3161 DB 07875/1 ( 5)/3675 150 9/58 R a- r-t In the constructional example according to Fig 4 the elastic arm 3, 6 extends from the bend 2 at an angle a away from the edge 70 of the rail foot and then curves inwards to the point at which the arm end 6 contacts the surface of the rail foot 4, so that said elastic arm 3 is subjected to a higher degree of torsional stressing than the elastic arm 75 according to Figs 1-3. In order to obtain a greater effective length for the elastic arm 3, the constructional form according to Fig 5 is provided, wherein from the bend 2 the elastic arm 3 80 first extends away from the end portion 6 and then curves on a smooth curve or arc outwardly longitudinally and inwardly to said end portion 6. In the case of the elastic torsion spikes 85 of the general form illustrated in Figs 1-5 variations are possible for example in Fie. 4 the part 3 forming the transition from the driven-in pin portion 1 to the pressure part 6 can form any desired angle a relatively to 90 the edge of the rail foot. As will be seen from Figs 3, 4 and 5 the PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Oct 1, 1954. 786,069 Na 28417154. Application made in Switzerland on Oct 3, 1953. Application made in Switzerland on Nov 6, 1953. Application made in Switzerland on Jan 7, 1954. Application made in Switzerland on Jan 25, 1954. Complete Specification Published: Nov 13, 1957. Index at acceptance:-Class 89 ( 2)3 G 1 (D:G:1 L 9 International Classification:-FO 6 b. COMPLETE SPECIRICATION Improvements in or relating t; Rail Fastening Devices I, HANS HODEL, a Swiss Citizen, of Chalet Bergsonne, Engelberg, Switzerland, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - Elastic rail spikes of various types for fixing rails to sleepers have been known and used in railway permanent way construction for a long time They have proved their worth in practice and this is also the

reason why they are being used to an even greater degree. The present invention has for its object the provision of improvements in such elastic spikes the invention consists broadly of rail fastening means including or consisting of an elastic one-piece spike having a sleeper-engaging portion for driving into a sleeper and a spring arm portion for depressing, with its free end, a rail flange against the bed of such sleeper, characterised in that the spike is so constructed that the sleeper-engaging portion is driven-in or otherwise anchored immediately adjacent the rail flange and in an edge zone of the sleeper, whereby the spring arm portion through its free end clampedly engages the rail flange on or adjacent to the centre line of the sleeper. In order that the invention may be the more clearly understood reference is made to the accompanying drawings wherein: Fig 1 is a side view of a first constructional form of the invention, Fig 2 is a front view according to Fig 1, Fig 3 is a plan view according to Fig 1 l Fig 4 is a plan view of a second constructional form; and Fig 5 is a plan view of a third constructional form. According to the constructional example shown in Figs 1-3, the elastic spike consists of a driven-in pin portion 1 and of a resilient or spring arm 3 connected thereto by a bent portion 2 and having its free end designated lPrice 3/6 l as 6 The elastic spike is constituted by a bent rolled metal bar of any desired crosssectional form, advantageously of round cross-sectional form In order to fill the rail 50 4 to the support or sleeper 5, the pin portion of an elastic spike is driven into the sleeper 5 immediately adjacent to the edge of the foot or flange of the rail in the manner shown in the drawings, the end 6 of the elastic arm 3 55 pressing the foot of the rail 4 downwards on to the support or sleeper 5. Seen in plan view as shown in Fig 3, the elastic arm 3 extends longitudinally of and parallel with the rail foot and engages only 60 at its short end 6 with the surface of said rail foot, in such a way that it is subjected to torsional and bending stresses practically over its entire length A further bend 7 brings the elastic arm 3 to merge into the 65 relatively short end portion 6, which presses the rail foot 4 on to the support 5. In the constructional example according to Fig 4 the elastic arm 3, 6 extends from the bend 2 at an angle a away from the edge 70 of the rail foot and then curves inwards to the point at which the arm end 6 contacts the surface of the rail foot 4, so that said elastic arm 3 is subjected to a higher degree of torsional stressing than the elastic arm 75 according to Figs 1-3. In order to obtain a greater effective length for the elastic arm 3, the constructional form according to Fig 5 is provided, wherein from

the bend 2 the elastic arm 3 80 first extends away from the end portion 6 and then curves on a smooth curve or arc outwardly, longitudinally and inwardly to said end portion 6. In the case of the elastic torsion spikes 85 of the general form illustrated in Figs 1-5 variations are possible, for example, in Fig. 4 the part 3 forming the transition from the driven-in pin portion 1 to the pressure part 6 can form any desired angle a relatively to 90 the edge of the rail foot. As will be seen from Figs 3, 4 and 5, the 786,069 spikes are so driven into the sleepers that the driven-in pin portion 1 is driven into the edge zone of the sleeper 5 immediately in contact with the edge of the rail foot, and the end portion 6 of the elastic arm 3 which engages the rail foot presses the rail on to the sleeper 5 substantially over the centre line of the said sleeper The result is thereby achieved that the rail is always pressed centrally on to the sleeper This has the advantage that the support of the rail on the sleeper corresponds somewhat to a rocker bearing, in which the rail can rock about the centre line of the sleeper, especially if an elastic interlayer is inserted between the rail foot 4 and the sleeper 5 From the permanent way constructional point of view this arrangement has the advantage that the sleeper remains steadier in the ballast bed, that is: it rocks less than hitherto known arrangements and consequently exerts a more uniform stress on the ballast under the rail and thereby reduces the amount of rail maintenance necessary. The elastic spike 1, 3, 6 described is of such construction and is so arranged that in order to release the rail 4 from the sleeper 5 the spike-assuming that the pin portion 1 is of round section-need only be partially drawn out and then swung away from the rail foot Therefore the spike does not have to be completely drawn out of the sleeper in order to release the rail. Instead of using a single spike in each case, in accordance with the construction shown in Figs 1 and 2, it is also possible to use two spikes on one side of the rail foot 4, as shown in chain lines in Figs 1, 3 and 4. In this case the two single-pin elastic spikes can be combined to form one single two pin elastic spike, with the two pin portions 1 in contact with the edge of the rail foot near the respective edges of the sleeper, and the two end portions 6 in contact with each other over the centre line of the sleeper and connected rigidly to one another by any desired means, e g, by welding. It will be seen that with such an arrangement of two laterally inverted spikes (Figs. 1, 3 and 4), they are secured by virtue of their construction and mutual arrangement against unintentional outward swinging of the arms

3, thereby securing the fastening device.

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* GB786070 (A)

Description: GB786070 (A) ? 1957-11-13

A new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles


PATENT SPECFICATION Inventor: -NORMAN RYCROFT. / Index at Acceptance:-Class 144 ( 1), Ai G. International Classification:-B 62 f. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. A New or Improved Annular Cover Fitment for the Wheels of Motor Vehicles. 786,070 We, CORNERCROFT LIMITED, of Ace Works, Queen Victoria Road, Coventry, a Company with limited liability incorporated under the Laws of Great Britain, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention has reference to a new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles. It is well known to provide annular cover fitments for the wheels of motor vehicles, including wheels of the pressed type, for improving the appearance of the wheels, a well known fitment for the said purpose being that manufactured by Cornercroft Limited and sold under the Registered Trade Mark "Rimbellisher". It is also known to provide annular cover fitments for the wheels of

motor vehicles as aforesaid with louvres or apertures which in addition to serving as an embellishment are intended during the rotation of a wheel to occasion the flow of currents of air around the brake drum associated with the wheel to which a fitment is applied to assist in the cooling thereof. The present invention has for its object to provide a new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles which is pleasing in appearance, simple in construction, relatively cheap to produce and which can be furnished with louvres or apertures for embellishment purposes and for assisting in brake cooling if required. According to the invention a new or improved annular cover fitment, for the wheels lPrice 3 s 6 d l of motor vehicles, comprises a composite structure consisting of an ornamental front section, adapted to cover partially or wholly when viewed from the front the space between a hub cap and the rim of a wheel, and an annular backing section which is secured in unitary assembly with the front section by turning the outer marginal portion of the one section over the outer marginal portion of the other section, said annular backing section being provided round the inner periphery thereof with a rearwardly extending annular channel adapted to be engaged by retractile means for securing the fitment to the wheel of a motor vehicle. The invention also resides in a new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles comprising a front section incorporating a portion adjacent to the outer periphery thereof which is adapted to cover the rim of the wheel, an intermediate portion adapted to cover and enclose part of the space between the rim of the wheel and the hub cap and a portion bounding the inner periphery of the said front section which is adapted to cover substantially the remainder of the space between the hub cap and the rim and which is furnished with a plurality of louvres or apertures, and a backing section which is secured in unitary assembly with the front section by turning the outer marginal portion of the one section over the outer marginal portion of the other section. The invention also resides in a new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles constructed, arranged and adapted for use substantially as will be described hereinafter. An embodiment of the invention will now Date of filing Complete Specification: Oct 3, 1955. Application Date: Oct 2, 1954 No 28428/54. Complete Specification Published: Nov 13, 1957. i 1 L be described with particular reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:Figure 1 is a front elevation of the new or improved fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles. Figure 2 is a rear elevation of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view in vertical section showing the front and rear sections prior to joining. Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3 but showing the said sections after joining and indicating the preferred means for securing the fitment to the wheel of a motor vehicle. In the drawings like numerals of reference indicate similar parts in the several views. According to the illustrated embodiment of the invention the new or improved annular cover fitment for the wheels of motor vehicles is formed from two sheet metal pressings namely one 10 constituting a front section which may be of a non-corrodible light alloy polished or treated to give an ornamental finish, or of sheet metal or metal alloy which is subsequently plated or otherwise treated to afford an ornamental finish, and the other 11 a backing section which may be pressed from a relatively cheap sheet material and painted or treated to resist corrosion. The front section 10 is formed with a marginal portion 101 adjacent to the outer periphery adapted to lie substantially in contact with the rim of a wheel, an intermediate inwardly bellied portion 102 having a curvature of easy radius which conforms partly to the configuration of the surface of the rim which it is required to overlie and an inner portion 103 bounding the inner periphery of the said front section having an outwardly bulging curved surface of easy radius which merges into the curved surface of the aforesaid inwardly bellied intermediate portion 102. The inner portion 103 aforesaid is provided with a plurality of equidistantly spaced open mouthed louvres or apertures 104 of a trumpet formation which during the rotation of the wheel to which the fitment is applied occasion the creation of currents of air which are caused to flow round the brake drum associated with the wheel to assist in the cooling of the said brake drum. The front section 10 is dimensioned so that the inner periphery of the inner portion 103 is in substantially contiguity with the outer periphery of the hub cap of the wheel to which the fitment is applied, a small gap being permitted in practice between the hub cap and the inner periphery of the said inner portion 103 of the front section 10 in order to admit of the insertion of a tool for removing the hub cap when required. The backing section 11 has a configuration which conforms in the main to that of the outer and intermediate portions 101, 102 of the front section 10 except that the inner peripheral portion of the backing section 11 is shaped to constitute a rearwardly directed annular channel 111 for a purpose to be described hereinafter 70 The front section 10 and the backing section 11 are joined in unitary assembly

by spinning the outer marginal portion 105 of the front section 10 over the outer marginal portion of the backing section 11 75 The rearwardly directed annular channel 111 aforesaid is intended to be engaged by retractile means 12 for securing the fitment to the wheel of a motor vehicle as described, illustrated and claimed in the Specifications 80 of the prior British Patent Nos 656,432 and 661,900. The front section 10 is provided with an annular indentation 106 which serves to space the intermediate portion of the back 85 ing section 11 from contact with the presented surface of the front section 10. An annular wheel cover fitment in accordance with the invention is especially pleasing in appearance in view of the one piece con 90 struction of the front section 10 whilst the manner of construction provides a unitary structure which is light, strong and easily fitted to a wheel. It is to be understood that although it is 95 preferred that a fitment in accordance with the invention should incorporate ventilation louvres or apertures it is not essential to the invention that such louvres or apertures should be provided 100 It may be remarked here that the expressions "front" and "rearwardly" as used in the foregoing description refer to the orientation of the fitment as illustrated in the drawings and has no connotation with re 105 spect to the position of the fitment when in use on a wheel since when fitted to the wheel of a motor vehicle the fitment would be viewed from the side of the vehicle.


* GB786071 (A)

Description: GB786071 (A) ? 1957-11-13

Improvements in or relating to speed regulating systems for direct-currentelectric motors and rotary convertors


PATENT SPECIFICATION 786,0,; Date of filing Complete Specification: Sept 28, 1955. Application Date: Oct 6, 1954 No 28775/54. Complete Specification Published: Nov 13, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-Classes 38 ( 3), J 2 F 1, J 12 (H 2: J); and 38 ( 4), R( 4: 33 D 3 B: 67:68 112 A). International Classification:-G 051 H 02 p. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in or relating to Speed Regulating Systems for Direct-Current Electric Motors and Rotary Convertors. We, W MA Cxi E AND Comr PANY LIMITED, a British Company, and SIDNEY ALBERT MTN Ns, a British Subject, both of the Company's address, 129 Lambeth Road, London, S E 1, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:This invention relates to speed regulating systems for direct current motors and rotary convertors and, more particularly, to systems in which a direct voltage is derived which varies according to the speed of the motor or convertor, this, direct voltage being used to control the alternating current output of a transductor, which output is rectified and fed to the field winding of a motor or convertor. According to this invention a speed regulating system for a direct current motor or rotary convertor comprises means for generating an alternating voltage having a frequency varying in accordance with the speed of the motor or convertor, means for applying this variable frequency alternating voltage separately to two frequency-sensitive circuits having frequency-current characteristics with different slopes at the frequency corresponding to the required speed, rectifier circuits for separately rectifying the current outputs of the two frequency-sensitive circuits and for applying the two rectified outputs to a control circuit for producing a single direct control voltage dependent on the relative magnitudes of the two rectified outputs, a transductor to which said control voltage is applied to control the alternating current output of the transductor, a rectifier for rectifying the alternating current output of the transductor and means for feeding lPrice 3 s 6 d l the rectified transductor output to a field winding of the motor or convertor. The two frequency-sensitive circuits may have frequency-current characteristics with slopes of opposite sign at the frequency corresponding to the desired speed For example, one circuit might

contain inductance and resistance and the other capacity and resistance; in this case, the circuits would not be resonant but would each pass an alternating current which is dependent on the frequency of the supply voltage to the circuits, Alternatively, the two circuits may each be tuned circuits which are resonant at different frequencies, one being tuned to a frequency above that corresponding to the required speed and the other being tuned to a frequency below that corresponding to the required speed Such tuned circuits might be of either the series-resonant type or parallel-resonant type. The alternating currents flowing in each of the two frequency-sensitive circuits, after rectification, may be separately fed through two separate resistances, these two resistances being arranged to form two adjacent arms of a bridge circuit The remaining two arms of the bridge may conveniently be formed by a potentiometer and the output taken from the bridge circuit between the junction between the aforementioned resistances and the tap on the potentiometer By making the tap adjustable, control of the speed is possible within small limits. The output of the control circuit may be quite small whereas the transductor may have to deliver quite a large power output. In some cases, therefore, it may be desirable to use a transductor of two or more stages in cascade A two-stage transductor, for example, may be used comprising a first transductor unit to which is applied the direct current output of said control circuit, a rectifier for rectifying the output of the first transductor unit and a second transductor unit controlled by the output of the first unit. The alternating voltage applied to the two frequency-sensitive circuits must have a frequency dependent on the speed of the motor or convector to be controlled The invention is thus particularly applicable to motor-alternator sets since the output of the alternator can be used for supplying this alternating voltage The invention may, however, be applied to direct-current motors by providing a suitable alternating current generator coupled to the motor. The alternating supply for the transductor may be obtained from any convenient source since the frequency is not critical. However, a relatively high frequency such as, for example, 1,000 cycles per second, is preferable to low frequencies (e g 50 cycles per second) for considerations of transductor construction. The motor or convertor may be provided with two field windings, one of which, for example, is a shunt winding fed from an external direct-current source and the other of which is a separate winding fed from the transductor and rectifier circuit Alternatively, the rectified transductor output may be connected in series with an external direct voltage supply for energising a single field winding.

The following is a description of a number of embodiments of the invention, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which:Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a speed regulating system for a motor alternator set; Figure 2 is a graphical diagram for explaining the operation of the system in Figure 1;Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of part of a modified form of the system of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a graphical diagram for explaining the operation of the circuit of Figure 3; Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of part of another modified form of the system of Figure 1; Figure 6 is a graphical diagram for explaining the operation of Figure 5; and Figure 7 is part of a circuit diagram illustrating a modified form of arrangement for applying a control voltage to a motor field winding. Referring to Figure 1 there is shown diagrammatically a direct current motor 10 having a main field winding 11 which is energised from a direct current supply source, the motor shaft 12 being mechanically coupled to an alternating current generator or alternator 13 which provides an alternating current output at terminals 14, 15 The output at the terminals 14, 15 will have a frequency which depends on the speed of the motor 10 The alternating current generator 13 may be the alternator portion of a motor-alternator set of which the frequency of the output has to be regulated or it may be an auxiliary generator coupled 70 to the shaft of the direct current motor 10 whose speed has to be regulated Alternating current from the terminals 14, 15 is applied to a pair of input terminals 16, 17 connected to a primary winding 18 on a 75 transformer 19 which has two secondary windings 20, 21 The winding 20 is connected in a series circuit including a variable inductance 22 and a full-wave rectifier 23 and the rectified output from the rectifier 23 80 is applied across an adjustable resistor 24. The -winding 21 is connected in a series circuit with a capacitor 25 and a full-wave rectifier 26, the rectified output from the rectifier 26 being applied across an adjustable 85 resistor 27 The two resistors 24 27 are connected in series to form two anus of a bridge circuit the other two arms of which are formed by the two tapped portions of an adjustable potentiometer 28 90 Figure 2 is a graphical diagram illustrating the relationship between the alternating currents in the circuits associated with the windings 20, 21 and frequency The curve shows how the current through the induc 95 tive circuit comprising winding 20 and inductance 22 decreases with frequency, and curve 31 shows how the current through the capacitative circuit comprising winding 21 and capacitor 25 increases with frequency 100 At some particular frequency, as indicated by the dash line 32 in Figure 2, the currents in these two circuits are equal The output from the aforementioned bridge circuit comprising resistors 24, 27 and

potentiometer 105 28, which output is taken from the pair of leads 33, will thus have a polarity and magnitude dependent on the direction and amount of deviation of the frequency of the input at terminals 16, 17 from some pre 110 determined frequency This predetermined frequency will depend on the settings of the resistors 24, 27 and the potentiometer 28, and also on the magnitudes of the components in the frequency sensitive circuits 115 associated with the windings 20, 21 This direct current output from the leads 33 is amplified by a two-stage magnetic amplifier 34 For this purpose the output fromn the leads 33 is applied to a control coil 35 of a 120 first transductor unit 36 The direct current through the coil 35 controls the magnitude of an alternating current through the main winding 37 of the transductor unit 36, this alternating current being obtained from a 125 secondary winding 38 of a transformer 39 which has an input winding 40 connected to a source of alternating current This alternating current input to the winding 40 may be derived from the alternating current 130 786,071 it would have to ba applied to as 3 ist the main field instead of opposing the main field. Furthermore, it may be readily apparent, that, as shown in Figure 7, the output from the rectifier 46 may be applied as shown 70 through leads 60, 61 directly to the main field winding 11 of the motor 10 in series with a direct voltage supply source 62. Figure 3 illustrates a modified form offrequency sensitive bridge for use in the 75 speed regulator system of Figure 1 For convenience similar references to those used in Figure 1 are employed in Figure 3 for similar components and mention will only be made of the distinctive features of the 80 modified circuit The winding 20 is connected in series with an adjustable inductance and condenser 71 arranged to form a series resonant circuit Similarly the winding 21 is connected in series with an adjust 85 able inductance 72 and a condenser 73 which also form a series resonant circuit Figure 4 illustrates the relationship between the alternating currents in the two resonant circuits and frequency As indicated in 90 Figure 4, one of the resonant circuits is tuned to a frequency indicated by the dash line 75 which is below the frequency (indicated by the dash line 76) required from the alternating current generator 13 whereas the 95 other series resonant circuit is tuned to a frequency required from the generator 13. It will thus be seen that the balance of the bridge circuit and hence the output of that circuit on leads 33, will vary according to 100 the frequency of the generator 13 in a similar manner to the arrangement of Figure 1. Figure 5 illustrates yet another form of frequency sensitive bridge circuit for use in 105 the speed rectifier system of Figure 1 In this

figure also the same reference numerals will be used as in Figure 1 for similar components and mention will only be made of the modifications In Figure 5 the winding 110 is connected in series with a parallel resonant circuit comprising an adjustable inductance 80 and a condenser 81 The winding 21 likewise is connected in series with a parallel resonant circuit formed by 115 an adjustable inductance 82 and a condenser 83 As indicated in Figure 6, which is a diagram showing the relationship between the alternating currents in the two tuned circuits, one of these tuned circuits is tuned 120 to a frequency indicated by the dash line 84 which is below the required output frequency of the generator 13 (indicated by dash line 85) whereas the other tuned circuit is tuned to a frequency indicated by the dash line 86 125 which is above the required frequency This arrangement therefore will also provide a direct current output at leads 33 having a polarity and magnitude dependent on the direction and amount of deviation of the fre 130 generator 13 or it may be derived from some external source of alternating current The alternating current through the main winding 37 of the transductor 36 is rectified by a full wave rectifier 42 and applied to a control coil 43 of a second transductor unit 44 The direct current through the coil 43 controls the alternating current through the main winding 45 of the transductor unit 44 This winding 45 is energised from the aforementioned transformer 39 in parallel with winding 37, and the output from the winding is rectified by a full wave rectifier 46 and fed to an auxiliary field winding 47 for the direct current motor 10. A positive -feed back winding 50 is provided on transductor unit 36, this winding being energised from a full wave rectifier 51 connected in the circuit of the main winding 37 of the transformer 36 This positive feed back winding serves also to increase the amplification available from the transductor since its energisation depends on the output of unit 36 A further control winding 52 on the transductor unit 36 is connected in series with a condenser 53 across the output of the rectifier 46, this winding 52 being wound as a negative feed back winding to stabilise the system if there should be any tendency to hunt If the output of the rectifier 46 is a pure direct current, then the condenser 53 would prevent any current flowing through the winding 52 and thus this winding would not affect the operation of the transductor ' If, however, there is any tendency for hunting to occur in the system, so that there are surges of direct current in the output of the rectifier 46, then these surges will be supplied through the condenser 53 to the winding 52 which is wound to give negative feed back and hence will tend to stabilise the controller against any tendency to hunt. It will be seen that with the system of Figure 1, any changes in the

speed of the motor 10 will cause changes in the frequency of the output of the generator 13 and hence will cause corresponding changes in the output, at leads 33, from the bridge circuit The direct current output through these leads 33 will have a polarity and a magnitude dependent on the direction and magnitude of the deviation of speed from some predetermined value as previously explained This direct voltage is amplified by the two stage magnetic amplifier and the rectifier unit 34 and feed to the auxiliary field winding 47 of the motor In the particular arrangement illustrated in Figure 1, the auxiliary winding 47 is arranged to oppose the main winding 11 It will be immediately apparent to those skilled in the art that by suitable arrangement of the circuit, the output from the rectifier 46 to the control winding may be made such that 786,071 quency at terminals 16 17 from some predetermined frequency.


* GB786072 (A)

Description: GB786072 (A) ? 1957-11-13

Improvements relating to trays


I, GEORGE CECIL RHODES, a British Subject, of 94 Wychall Road, Northfield, Birmingham 31, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the invention for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to trays and to supporting means therefor and has for its object to provide a supporting means whereby a tray may be

converted at will from its usual form in which it serves for carrying articles about into a form in which it can serve as a bed tray or table which can be rapidly converted back to its former use when no longer required as a bed tray. According to the present invention I provide supporting means for a tray comprising an attachment member and a support member, said attachment member being of shallow channel shaped configuration and being adapted to be secured to the underside of a tray in a position in which the base of the channel shaped attachment member is spaced from the underside of the tray so as to form a slot in conjunction therewith, said support member having one or more legs or like elements and a flange portion projecting laterally therefrom, the arrangement being that with the attachment member secured to the tray as aforesaid, the flange portion is adapted to enter into the slot so as to dispose the support member in its supporting relationship with respect to the tray. I may provide said attachment member with one or more slots corresponding in number to the number of legs or like elements provided on the support member, the arrangement being that said slot or slots is or are adapted to receive the leg or legs of L_ 786,072 the support member in order to locate it in position. The invention will now be particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a tray with attachment members and support members fitted thereto, Figure 2 is a part-perspective view showing the uppermost part of an attachment member and a coacting support member. Figure 3 is a part-sectional view of an assembled attachment member and support member in position on a tray, the section being taken along a line running parallel to the length of the tray. In this example the underneath of the tray has secured thereto at each end an attachment member 11 conveniently formed of metal and provided at each end with a thickened portion 12 by means of which it is adapted to be secured to the underneath of the tray such as by the use of suitable screws or rivets through holes 13 Said attachment member 11 is thus of shallow channel-shaped configuration. When secured in position there is left a narrow gap or slot between the underneath of the tray 10 and the upper surface of the base of the attachment member 11. A support member 14 is also conveniently formed from metal such as aluminium or other light metal alloy and has a laterally projecting flange portion 15, which may be slidden into the aforesaid slot so as to dispose said support member in its supporting relationship with respect to the tray 10. Said support member 14 is also formed with a pair of supporting legs

16 which extend downwardly from the flange portion and which also diverge in the outwards direction, each of these legs being provided PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of filing Complete Specification: Oct 10, 1955. Application Date: Oct 13, 1954 No 29448/54. Complete Specifcation Pnbli Qhed: No V 13 19; 7. Index at Acceptance:-Classes 52,2 j, W( 1 A: 2 D); and 52 ( 3), H( 14: 21). International Classification:-A 47 b. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements relating to Trays. at its extremity with a ball or spherical shaped end 17 to provide a suitable foot for resting upon the bed clothes or other surface when the support member is attached to the tray. The attachment member 11 below the tray is also provided along its outer longitudinal edge with two spaced slots 18 corresponding in position to the positioning of the legs 16 and adapted to receive the upper ends of the legs when the support member 14 is slidden into position so as to assist in rigidly securing said member 14 to the underside of the tray and prevent any tendency for the support member 14 to skew or twist when in position. With the present invention there is thus provided the means for converting ordinary trays into bed trays or tables and also there is provided a dual purpose article in the form of a tray which may serve if desired as an ordinary tray or a bed tray.


* GB786073 (A)

Description: GB786073 (A) ? 1957-11-13

Improvements in or relating to splints for fractured limbs


COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in or relating to Splints for Fractured Limbs. I, FRANK ARTY11 OARTEY WABEN, a British Subject, of 25 Eastlands Way, Oxted, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement : This invention relates to splints for fractured limbs, and particularly to splint appliances for use in " first aid" to enable an injured person to be transported to hospital. It is an object of the invention to provide a relatively simple construction of splint which can be applied more easily than those at present in use, with the result that it can be used more quickly and expeditiously, and by less skilled personnel. The improved splint is moreover considerably more comfortable to the patient; it is also easily adaptable for size and for position and condition of the fracture as well as other variable factors. According to the invention a splint for a fractured leg comprises a rigid longitudinal member, arranged to extend alongside the patient's body as well as alongside the outside only of the leg. a support member at its upper end to fit against the side of the patient's body, means for fastening said longitudinal member to the leg, a carriage which is slidable along the longitudinal member, means for connecting the carriage to the foot for extending the leg by sliding the carriage along the longitudinal member, and locking means for fastening said carriage thereon to hold the leg extended. The said fastening means preferably comprises a flexible strap secured to the longitudinal member and arranged to pass under the patient's crotch. Preferably the locking means comprises a ratchet device operative to prevent return movement of the carriage until it is released. Thus the carriage may be provided with a pawl arranged to engage a series of ratchet or like teeth upon the longitudinal member. Preferably the carriage also carries a foot support, conveniently in the form of a plate, to hold the foot in its normal position. The splint is conveniently collapsible for transport and storage, the longitudinal member preferably being hinged to fold together in sections. Also the carriage may include an angle bracket or stirrup, the elements of which are hinged together so as to lie fiat when out of use. The longitudinal member is conveniently made of angle, channel or like section metal enabling considerable stiffness to be achieved with

relatively small weight; the interior of the section provides accommodation for certain of the parts when folded. A binder or spat device is preferably provided to clasp the foot of the injured limb and carries a readily detachable fastening device by which it can be connected to the carriage in readiness for bringing about extension of the limb. A detachable clip of the well-known form used on dogs' leads and comprising a hook with a closure member, serves as a most suitable connection between the spat device and the stirrup. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings which show the preferred construction of splint and in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the splint; Figure 2 is a sectional plan, taken on the line 22 of Figure 1 and drawn to an enlarged scale; and Figure 3 is a fragmentary side elevation of the lower part of the splint as seen looking outwards in the direction of the arrow A of Figure 1, the Fgure being drawn to an enlarged scale. A longitudinal member 10 forms the splint proper and for convenience of transport; and storage is made in two halves 10a, lOb united by a hinge at 11, so that the lower half 10b can fold upwards as indicated by the arrow B. A sliding bolt 12 locks the two halves in alignment when the splint is in use. The longitudinal member is made of light metal and is of splayed U-shape in section as shown in Figure 2, with its flanges 13, 14 conveniently disposed approximately at right angles. When the two halves are folded together, the upper part 10a occupies the position shown in broken lines and the two halves form a robust, casing-like assembly with an internal space 15 within which straps and accessories can be stored. The longitudinal member is conveniently of such a length that on a person of average height it extends approximately from the waist or chest to say six inches beyond the bottom of the foot. The upper half 10a is provided with a pad 16, say of sponge rubber, to bear against the side of the patient's body, its upper end being fitted with a crescent shaped support member 17 to fit against the side of the patient's body. A strap 18 anchored upon a pin 19 is adapted to pass under the patient's crotch and is formed with eyeletted holes 20 for enabling its free end to be adjustably fastened to the pin 19. For attaching the splint to the thigh a slider 1 is mounted slidably upon the longitudinal member 10 and is provided with a pair of straps 22, 23 which are shown in broken lines for clarity, their free ends being adjustably attachable to buckles 24, 25, respectively. A further strap (not shown) is usually provided to secure the patient's knee to the longitudinal member 10 when required. At its lower part the longitudinal member 10 has a carriage 26 mounted

slidably upon it, said carriage being made of sheet metal bent to encircle the longitudinal member, with its edges directed outwards to form a pair of spaced flanges 27, 28, as is shown in broken lines in Figure 2. A block 29 is fixed between these flanges and forms a mounting for a leaf spring 30 which extends obliquely upwards and inwards, so that its tip normally engages with a succession of ratchet teeth 31 cut in the outside of the longitudinal member 10. Thus the carriage 26 can be pulled downwards but is immediately checked by the spring 30 and teeth 31 to prevent upward movement. For initial adjustment and for releasing the carriage 26, the spring 30 can be pulled outwards by hand, or prised outwards, the flanges 27, 28 being shaped for this purpose. Mounted upon the inside face of the carriage 26 is a foot support 32 in the form of a rectangular plate having its front and rear edges curled outwards. The carriage 26 also has a folding angle bracket comprising a fixed vertical part 33 secured to the carriage, and a hinged part 34 which in use extends inwards it right angles as shown in Figure 1, but is foldable downwards into the member 10 in the direction shown by the arrow C; the hinge is constructed so that the part 34 cannot move upwards beyond the horizontal, even when subjected to substantial load. It has an eye 35 to which a spat device 36 can be secured detachably, said spat device conveniently having a V-shaped strap 37 provided with a fastener 38 of the type normally used on dog leads. The spat device 36 has straps 39 adapted to be bound round the ankle of the patient after the spat device 37 has been placed over the foot, the ends of the straps 39 then being passed round the longitudinal member to keep the patient's foot snugly against the face of the support plate 32. When these steps have been taken the bracket 33, 34 is pulled gently in the downward direction to elongate the leg and overcome the muscular contraction which takes place when a limb is fractured, this movement being continued until the patient feels relief from pain, thus showing that the bones have substantially regained their normal positions. The carriage 26 is of course prevented from returning upwards inadvertently, although it is best to lock it in position with a binding, just in case the ratchet spring might be released accidentally. It will be understood that the above details are given by way of example only and various modifications may be made to suit requirements. For instance, instead of the retaining spring 30 a pivoted detent pawl could be used. What I claim is 1. A splint for a fractured leg comprising a rigid longitudinal member arranged to extend alongside the patient's body as well as alongside

the outside only of the leg, a support member at its upper end to fit against the side of the patient's body, means for fastening said longitudinal member to the leg, a carriage which is slidable along the longitudinal member, means for connecting the carriage to the foot for extending the leg by sliding the carriage along the longitudinal member, and locking means for fastening said carriage thereon to hold the leg extended. 2. A splint as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the said fastening means comprises a flexible strap secured to the longitudinal member and arranged to pass under the patient's crotch. 3. A splint as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the locking means comprises a ratchet device operative to prevent return movement of the carriage until it is released. 4. A splint as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein a succession of ratchet teeth are provided on the longitudinal member and are engaged by a pawl on the carriage. 5. A splint as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the carriage carries a foot support adapted to hold the foot substantially

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