53:071 principles of hydraulics laboratory experiment...
TRANSCRIPT
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53:071 Hydraulics and HydrologyProject #1
Pelton TurbineAllen Bradley, Loren Wehmeyer, Li-Chuan Chen, and Marian Muste
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Problem StatementA children’s museum in Colorado has purchased a small Pelton turbine for its new display on renewable energy.
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Problem StatementThe museum wishes to operate the turbine (with available flows) and sell the power on the open market.You have been hired as a consultant to the museum.
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Project ObjectiveYour job is to determine energy (kWh) that can be generated from the laboratory-scale Pelton turbine, and the revenue it can generate ($/year) for the museum.
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Site InformationThe effective head for operations at the site is about 120 ftVariations in the forebay elevation are assumed to be minor
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Operational InformationThe museum will operate the turbine 7 days a week (9 am to 4 pm).The museum has secured water rights to divert flows from the South Platte River. The allotted diversion depends on the average monthly flow rate in the river.
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Laboratory ComponentDetermine the energy conversion efficiency of the laboratory-scale Pelton turbine for the proposed operating conditions (Havailable, Q)
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Engineering Analysis Components
Compute the energy produced (kWh/yr) if operated as planned.Estimate the revenue that can be generated if the energy is sold on the open market ($/year).Prepare a one-page flyer on the exhibit (for distribution to museum visitors).
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Principley
A
x
VEntering jet
j
Exiting jet(nil velocity)
A
r
z
Torqueon shaft
Controlsurface
Nozzle
Turbineshaft NTTP 2
availableavailable QHP
availablePP
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Principle240
210
180
150
120
90
60
30
0
Q (L
/m)
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000Speed (rpm)
Nozzlefull open
3/4 open
5/8 open
1/2 open
1/4 open
1/8 open
10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
60% T
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Laboratory ObjectiveTo determine energy conversion efficiency () for the laboratory-scale Pelton turbine for three operational discharges (Q)
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Laboratory Apparatus
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Laboratory Procedures1. TA sets the discharge and initial measuring
speed with the brake off2. Tighten the friction hand-wheel and record
the torque and rotational speed3. Repeat Step 2 with ∆N ≈ 50-100 rpm until
the rotational speed reaches about 500 rpm4. Measure the head on the weir (H1) and
record the reference point (H0)5. TA adjusts to a lower discharge and initial
rotational speed6. Repeat Steps 1 to 5
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Data SheetData Acquisition Data Reduction
H0 H1 Pres. T N Q Pavai P η
Run 1
Run 2
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Laboratory AnalysisDetermine the discharge using Q=2.49(H1-H0)2.48.Determine the efficiency of the turbine.Plot the rotational speed vs. the efficiency of the turbine. Show results for the three different discharges.
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Sample ResultEfficiency curve
0102030405060708090
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000
rotational speed (rpm)
effi
cien
cy High flowmoderate flowlow flow
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Project ReportProvide the client (the museum director) with a concise report that answers the project objectives