5.3: Reconstruction

Follow along in the student packet: Content students MUST KNOW to be successful on the GHSGT (pg. 99-100)

Clic

k H

ere

Reconstruction: 1865-1877

Presidential Reconstruction (A Johnson)States could come back into the USA once they ratified the 13th Amendment

Southerners created black codes to keep African-Americans inferior

Congressional Reconstruction (led by the “Radical Republicans”)The South was placed under military rule & divided into 5 zones

Southern states were forced to ratify the 14th & 15th Amendments

Reconstruction Legislation From 1865 to 1877, blacks were protected & given rights as citizens 1313thth Amendment Amendment ended slavery1414thth Amendment Amendment made it illegal to discriminate against people due to race, gender, religion

1515thth Amendment Amendment gave all black men the right to vote

Freedman’s Bureau created to provide food, 40 acres & a mule, & schools for African-Americans

Radical Reconstruction (1867-1877)Created 5 military districts to enforce ReconstructionCreated 5 military districts to enforce ReconstructionBut, Radical Reconstruction was not

adequate to enforce equality in the South

Black codes were common in many parts of the South

A secret society called the Ku Klux Klan was created to keep blacks

inferior & return “Redeemer Democrats”

to power

Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment:President Johnson interfered with the “Radical Reconstruction” plan & was the 1st president to be impeachedimpeached

But he was not removed from office

The end of Reconstruction:The “Second Corrupt Bargain” (the “Compromise of 1877”)

President Hayes removed federal troops & ended military zones

“Jim Crow” era began (1877-1954)Legal segregation in the South

Jim Crow Era (1877 to 1954) Jim Crow laws keep blacks from votingLiteracy tests—voters have to readPoll taxes—voters must pay a taxGrandfather clauses—allowed whites to avoid literacy test & poll taxes

In Plessy v Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court said segregation was OK (“separate but equal”)

“Jim Crow” South from 1877 to 1954

The era after the Civil War from 1865 to 1877 is typically referred to as:

Rec

onstru

ction

The

Antebel

lum

Era

The

Era o

f Good F

ee...

The

Gilded

Age

90%

0%0%10%

1. Reconstruction 2. The Antebellum Era3. The Era of Good Feelings4. The Gilded Age

10

During this period “Radical Republicans” in Congress easily

overrode President Andrew Johnson's vetoes and took charge of

Reconstruction.

Ref

ormat

ion

Pre

siden

tial R

econst

r...

Congre

ssio

nal R

econ...

Rad

ical

Reb

uildin

g

0%

50%

20%

30%

1. Reformation 2. Presidential Reconstruction 3. Congressional Reconstruction 4. Radical Rebuilding

10

The Thirteenth Amendment ended

sla

very 

Bla

ck c

odes 

the C

ivil

War

 

Jim

Cro

w L

aws

90%

0%0%10%

1. slavery 2. Black codes 3. the Civil War 4. Jim Crow Laws

10

The Reconstruction agency formed to help former slaves with jobs, food,

education, and other assistance was called

Fre

edm

an’s

Bure

au

Inte

rsta

te C

omm

erce.

..

Nat

ional

Asso

c fo

r th...

Offi

ce o

f Equal

Oppo...

78%

11%11%0%

1. Freedman’s Bureau2. Interstate Commerce Commission3. National Assoc for the

Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

4. Office of Equal Opportunity

10

During Reconstruction, most tenant farmers (sharecroppers)

made

a dec

ent l

ivin

g ...

bar

ely s

urviv

ed b

y fa

...

wer

e fo

rced

to re

nt o..

wer

e ab

le to

buy

land...

40%

10%10%

40%

1. made a decent living farming their own land.

2. barely survived by farming the land they rented.

3. were forced to rent out their own land to other farmers.

4. were able to buy land to become successful farmers.

10

When President Andrew Johnson was “impeached” he was 

rem

oved fr

om o

ffice

pla

ced in

jail

for b

rea.

..

unab

le to

run fo

r re-

e...

form

ally

char

ged wit.

..

40% 40%

20%

0%

1. removed from office2. placed in jail for breaking a law3. unable to run for re-election4. formally charged with wrong

doing in office

10

During Reconstruction, Southern states tried to restrict the freedoms of

freed blacks by passing:

Bla

ck C

odes

Jim

Cro

w L

aws

The

13th

Am

endm

ent

The

15th

Am

endm

ent

30%

20%

0%

50%

1. Black Codes2. Jim Crow Laws3. The 13th Amendment4. The 15th Amendment

10

This “Reconstruction amendment” states that no state could take awaya citizen's life, liberty, and property

"without due process of law."

13t

h Am

endm

ent

14t

h Am

endm

ent

15t

h Am

endm

ent

16t

h Am

endm

ent

17%

0%

33%

50%

1. 13th Amendment 2. 14th Amendment 3. 15th Amendment4. 16th Amendment

10

Which group used fear & intimidation to prevent blacks from

voting in the South?

Dem

ocrat

ic P

arty 

Molly

Mag

uires 

Ku K

lux

Klan 

Tam

man

y Hal

l

0% 0%

100%

0%

1. Democratic Party 2. Molly Maguires 3. Ku Klux Klan 4. Tammany Hall

10

The court case that allowed for segregation by establishing the

"separate but equal" doctrine was  

Mar

bury v

s. M

adis

on.

Dre

d Sco

tt vs

. San

ford

.

Mira

nda vs

. Ariz

ona.

Ple

ssy

vs. F

erguson.

0%

83%

0%

17%

1. Marbury vs. Madison. 2. Dred Scott vs. Sanford. 3. Miranda vs. Arizona. 4. Plessy vs. Ferguson.

10

Reconstruction ended with the

Com

prom

ise

of 187

7.

pas

sage o

f the 1

5t...

read

mis

sion o

f the

fir..

read

mis

sion o

f the

la..

25% 25%

0%

50%

1. Compromise of 1877. 2. passage of the 15th

Amendment3. readmission of the first

Southern state into the USA4. readmission of the last

Southern states into the USA10