Social Ecological Model:

The Individual

Group A

Motivation for Physical Fitness

Interests

Needs

Desires

Internal & External Factors

Accessibility to Resources

Perceived Barriers

Social-Ecological Model

IndividualPersonal factors that may influence an individual’s behaviors and choices in physical activity, as well as, increase or decrease their likelihood of being physically active.

The Individual component is often seen as the most powerful, due to the fact that forms of intrapersonal behaviors and constraints are psychological in nature.

Individual Factors

Age

Sex

Family situations

Level of Education

Socio-economic Status

Skills

Abilities

Disabilities

Injuries

Knowledge

Attitudes

Behaviors

Beliefs

Perceived Barriers

Motivation

Enjoyment

Appeal

Self-Efficacy

• Low-self esteem

• Poor body image

• Influence of children

• Upbringing

• Previous experiences

• Feeling self-conscious

• Inability to set goals

• Lack of appeal of the

activity

• Socio-economic status

Individual Constraints

Knowledge

Attitudes

Behaviors

Beliefs

Perceived Barriers

Motivation

Enjoyment

Appeal

Self-Efficacy

Age

Sex

Family situations

Level of Education

Socio-economic Status

Skills

Abilities

Disabilities

Injuries

What Can We Impact?

“Confidence in personal ability to carry out behavior that influences the direction, intensity, and persistence of behavior”

Self-Efficacy

• As self-efficacy improves, physical activity increases

• People who believe they can succeed, will be more include to be persistent in their physical activity goals

Focus on changing…

Skills

Knowledge

Attitude

Behavior

Individual Intervention Techniques

Changes in…

-Behavior--Motivation--Perceptions-

SourcesDishman, R. K., Motl, R. W., Sallis, J. F., Dunn, A. L., Birnbaum, A. S., Welk, G. J., . . . Jobe, J. B. (2005). Self- Management Strategies Mediate Self-Efficacy and Physical Activity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 29(1), 10-18.

Minkel, K. V. (2010). The Physical Activity Patterns and Constraints of Diverse Female College Students (Master's Thesis). University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Retrieved from: http://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1720&context=thesesdissertations

Victorian Curriculum and Assesment Authority (VCAA, 2001). Social-Ecological Model. 3, 1–8. Retrieved from: https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vcaa.vic.edu.au %2FDocuments%2Fvce%2Fphysicaledu%2Fsocialecologicalmodelandphysicalactivity.doc