Arman Azamian

Professor Stephens

Architecture 12

29 November 2015

The terms below represent the architectural terms from different time eras that show what it takes to put building structures together, either the materials that goes into the building such as, stucco, or the outcome from the material such as, bricks. The class of Architecture History has really interested me in the nature of buildings, especially of the Classical age era. It is because of this reason that I chose many of my terms on what it takes to build huge buildings with humongous columns, domes and geometrical stones. Although my terms mostly relate to the medieval age building structure and what it takes to construct these buildings, it shouldn’t limit one’s understanding of what it takes to build other structures of different ages since many of the tools and structures are similar for different eras, from gothic to modern. In my project I tried to use various terms to introduce as much as I can about the history of architecture. I have included terms that represent the base of a building or the exterior building structures that gives the skeleton of the whole unit. I also tried to include many terms that discuss the interior decorations. My goal in this project was to represent a combination of both exterior and interior design.

# TERM PRECISE DEFINITION

3 RELATED TERMS

IMAGE CITATION

1. Minaret A tall slender tower.

Mosque, Turret, Dome

orexca.com

2. Corbel Structural piece of wood or stone.

Console, Bracket, Ledge

Britannica.com

3. Buttress Support stone on sides of walls

Column, Mainstay, Framework

essential-humanities.net

4. Portico A porch with a roof and columns for support

Balcony, Patio, terrace

Artlex.com

5. Quoin Corner of building reinforced with bricks

Keystone, Cornerstone, Wedge

Architecture.about.com

6. Shaft Middle section of a column

Column, Rod, Pole

Studyblue.com

7. Gable A triangular portion of a wall

Ceiling, Rooftop, House covering

Architecturaldictionary.org

8. Pavilion Free standing structure

Tent, Canopy, Awning

Architecturaldictionary.org

9. Aisle Passageway between two sides

Yle, Alley, Walkway

Studyblue.com

10.

Baluster One of a series of short vertical posts

Rail, Handrail, Support

Architecturaldictionary.org

11.

Gadrooning

Curved molding as a decor

Flutings, silverware, Beadings

Architecturaldictionary.com

12.

Naos Inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture

Cella, Domus, Chamber

Architecturaldictionary.com

13.

Base The lowest member of column

Column, Shaft, Capital

courses.missouristate.edu

14.

Stylobate

The top step of a temple, forming the platform for the columns.

Column, Doric order, Crepidoma

courses.missouristate.edu

15.

Flutes The vertical channels in the columns of shaft

Shaft, Column, style

courses.missouristate.edu

16.

Metope The sunken pictorial panels between triglyphs in the Doric order.

Entablature, frieze, Triglyph

courses.missouristate.edu

17.

Echinus The convex molding supporting the abacus of a Doric capital.

Column, Capital, Abacus

Doric-column.com

18.

Cornice The upper member of the entablature.

Entablature, Ionic order, Raking cornice

courses.missouristate.edu

19.

Pronaos The porch in front of the naos or cella.

Cella, Naos, Stylobate

courses.missouristate.edu

20.

Abacus The uppermost member of a capital.

Doric order, Ionic order, Capital

Doric-column.com

21.

Frieze The middle member of entablature, usually decorated with sculpture.

Molding, Embellishment, Metope

courses.missouristate.edu

22.

Cupola A small dome located at top of a building

Lantern, Vault, Belfry

Architectrualtrust.org

23.

Facade An exterior wall of a building.

Face, Gothic, Frontage

Architectrualtrust.org

24.

Masonry Being of stone, brick, concrete

Texture, Pattern, Scale

Architectrualtrust.org

25.

Arcade A series of arches supported by columns or other vertical elements.

Colonnade, Dome, Covering

Architectrualtrust.org

26.

Apse A vaulted extension or projection usually in a circular or polygonal shape.

Chapel, Crypt, Niche

Pitt.edu

27.

Blind Arch

An arch applied to a wall

Blind Arcade, Relieving arch, Gallery

Pitt.edu

28.

Boss A projecting stone at the top of a dome

Rib, Vault, Keystone

Pitt.edu

29.

Crypt An underground chamber for relics or tombs

Confessio, Hall crypt, Cathedral

Pitt.edu

30.

Cinqfoil A five-lobed ornamental shape

Medieval, trefoil, quatrefoil

Pitt.edu

31.

Drum A cylindrical wall which supports a dome.

Dome, façade, Base for dome

Pitt.edu

32.

Drum pier

A massive cylindrical support

Column, Pier, Capital

Pitt.edu

33.

Fan vault A vault, which consists of fan-shaped half cones meeting in the center.

Net vault, Barrel, Groin

Pitt.edu

34.

Infilling The vault surface between the ribs of a rib vault

Webbing, Boss, Keystone

Pitt.edu

35.

Interlace Thread decoration in forms of laces

Style, decoration, Medieval

Pitt.edu

36.

Jamb A vertical element of a doorway

Window frame, Column, Trumeau

Pitt.edu

37.

Lancet Pointed windows that are slandered

Mullion, Gothic, decorative

Pitt.edu

38.

Soffit The underside on an arch with unique crafts.

Arch, Keystone, Springer

Pitt.edu

39.

Transept A Rectangular area that gives the church a shape of Latin cross

Medieval church, Choir, Crossing

Pitt.edu

40.

Voussoir A kind of wedge shaped stone used for constructing an arch.

Key stone, Springer, Archivolt

Pitt.edu

41.

Atrium An open courtyard at the entrance of a church

Yard, Cloister, Aisles

Pitt.edu

42.

Stucco A thin coating of plaster applied over exterior walls.

Ceiling, Render, Brick

Phmc.state.pa.us

43.

Pendant An Ornamental piece of wood or metal hanging down form a porch

Cornice, Bracket, hanging downward

Phmc.state.pa.us

44.

Parapet A low stone or brick wall at the top of a building.

Post, Base, Cap

Doric-column.com

45.

Oriel Window

A projecting window supported by brackets.

Triangular, Opening, Niche

Phmc.state.pa.us

46.

Mortar A mixture of sand, water, lime and cement for constructing building blocks

Bricks, stone, tile

Phmc.state.pa.us

47.

Lintel The flat horizontal piece at the top of a window or opening.

Columns, Sill, Post

Phmc.state.pa.us

48.

Finial A decorative piece on a gatepost.

Cupola, Gable, spire

Phmc.state.pa.us

49.

Eaves The edge of the roof that overhangs the exterior walls.

Surface protection, Ceilings, Roof

Doric-column.com

50.

Astragal A small convex molding on top of columns

Necking, Echinus, Abacus

Doric-column.com