5th ITU Green Standards WeekNassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015

DESIGNING A NATIONWIDE SMART CITY FRAMEWORK

Ivan Castano,Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications

National Planning Departmenticastano@dnp.gov.co

Why smart cities?• The idea is not to

tackle each challenge in an independent way, but to take advantage of the multiplier effect that citywide holistic view solutions can bring to the table.

• Smart City initiatives rely on cross-department connections and scale to realize their full potential1.

Source: DNP.Based on Prof. Suhono Harso SupangkatInstitut Teknologi Bandung

[1], Smart Cities and the Internet of Everything (IDC Government Insights, 2013)

Smart Cities and the IoTChallenges• Privacy and security.• Reducing the digital

divide.• Break the

fragmentation of Smart City solutions.

• Standardization of devices and solutions.

• E-waste management.

Opportunities• Create public value from

the Internet of things.• To have an ever

increasing amount of information for better decision making.

• To create an open smart city platform for governance.

• To generate innovative services for citizens.

Think about the digital divide

Bogotá Pácora, Caldas

Population: 7,8 million peopleArea: 1.587 km2 (urban)

Population: 11.952 peopleArea: 265 km2 (urban)

Vs.

Usually, Smart City initiatives are focused on medium and large cities, that most of the time have better infrastructure than small cities. IoT and Smart cities can accentuate the digital divide between territories, hence increasing inequality in terms of access to technology (for the population).

Smart Cities give meaning to the IoT

Smart Cities

Citizens

“The concept of the Smart City makes the internet of things actionable and specially important for all of us”. Kelly Welsh – (General Counsel - U.S. Department of Commerce)

Internet of Things Public value creation

Smart Governance

Internet of Things (IoT) is a key enabler to make cities become “smarter”, “more sustainable” and livable, but instead Smart Cities’ initiatives are called to provide meaning and make use of IoT technology.

Smart City Platforms to break fragmentation

PlanIT Urban Operating System (UOS) Sofia 2 (Smart City Platform)

City OS (City Protocol – Barcelona) EPIC

Measuring the “smartness” of a city

Component Variable

Functionality Urban-regional

Municipal population% of rural population/ total population

Population growth (2010-2014)Population density

Agglomerations variable

Economic Dynamic

Added ValueMunicipalities incomeInternet PenetrationEconomic Disparities

Quality of life Municipal MPI1

Environmental Forest HectaresInvestments in environmental sector

SecurityHomicides / 100.000 people

Kidnappings/ 100.000 peopleTheft / 100.000 people

Area under coca cultivation

Institutional Fiscal municipal developmentMunicipal legal requirements

Differences between cities must be taken into account when measuring their “smartness”.A segmentation and gap closing approach is being analyzed in the Colombian case

ROBUST development environment

INCIPIENT development environment

INTERMEDIATE development environment

Measuring the “smartness” of a cityEducation: illiteracy, education quality, attendance, e-learning, % of population in education institutions, higher educationSalud: life expectancy, use of electronic records , on line health, mortality rate of children <5, health level, provision of health services

Water: water consuption/cápita, water coverage, water use efficiency, % of cities with drinkable waterAir: air qualityEnergy: energy consumption/cápita, coverage, efficiency, alternate energyClimate change: measurement systems of GHG emissions , GHG emissions, mitigation plansOthers: noise control, adaptive capacity to climate change, natural disaster plans

Economy: unemployment, poverty, inequality, socio-spatial segregation, regulations of business and investments, strategic management of infrastructure, GDPGovernment: government credibility, citizenship participation, ICT plans, government expenditure quality, accountability, transparency, quality of government expendituresPublic Finance: debt sustainability, contingent liabilities, taxes, collections management

Access and connection: Availability of computers or similar devices, Availability of Internet access in households, Availability of fixed and wireless broadband subscriptions Information Platforms: Use of social media by the public sector Information security and privacy: of public services and systems, rules and regulations to ensure Child Online Protection rules and regulations to ensure Privacy protection in public service Infrastructure: connection to services: water, wastewater, electricity, roads, construction

Urban

Environmental

Gob/admin/econ/Fin

TECH

VERY

PRE

LIM

INAR

Y

Are condidates for intervention in terms of

gaps closure

YES NO

1034 67

Measuring the “smartness” of a city• Once metrics are established, actions are need. So, ¿How

are we to proceed?

Gap Closing Strategy

Broadband Penetration

Broadband Penetration

Baseline Target2018

Recap1. Think about the digital divide than can be

accentuated by implementing IoT.2. Smart cities give meaning to the IoT and

make use of technology.3. Break fragmentation of Smart Sustainable

Cities through open smart city platforms.4. Think about sustainability of IoT and E-waste.5. Develop metrics to measure the “smartness”

of the cities

5th ITU Green Standards WeekNassau, The Bahamas 14-18 December 2015

THANK YOU!

Ivan Castano,Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications

National Planning Departmenticastano@dnp.gov.co