5-reserch concepts and data collection

7/27/2019 5-Reserch Concepts and Data Collection

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Concepts & Data Collection

Prepared by: xxx First Prepared on: xx-xx-xx Last Modified on: 22-04-2009Copyright 2004 Asia Pacific Institute of Information Technology

Research Methods for

Degree Study


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Module Code and Module Title Title of SlidesResearch Methods for Degree Study

Topic & Structure of the lesson

Basic Concepts of Research

Hypothesis

Concepts Data Collection Types

Primary Data Collection

Secondary Data Collection


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Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to define the

following research concepts:

Hypothesis Concepts

Application of data collection methods

Primary data collection Secondary data collection


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Main Teaching Points

Basic Concepts of Research

Hypothesis

Concepts Data Collection Types

Primary Data Collection

Secondary Data Collection


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What is a concept?

A conceptual def in i t ionis an element of

the scientific research process, in which a

specific concept is defined as a

measurable occurrence.

It is mostly used in fields of business,

management, philosophy and psychology.


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Examples of ideas that are often

conceptually defined include intelligence,

knowledge, tolerance, and preference

Concepts can be used to define a

research scope or topic

A concept can be used to create ahypothesis


7/20Module Code and Module Title Title of SlidesResearch Methods for Degree Study

What is a hypothesis?

A hypothes isis a proposed explanation

for a phenomenon.

a hypothesis is a provis ional ideawhosemerit is to be evaluated.

A hypothesis requires more work by the

researcher in order to either confirm or

disprove it.



Hypothesis Quick Tutorial:

Take this hypothesis as an example:

someone who enters a new country and

observes only white sheep, might form thehypothesis that all sheep in that country are

white.

Using the same concept now, develop ahypothesis of your own now.



Quick Quote:

"... a hypothesis is a statement whose truth is

temporarily assumed, whose meaning is

beyond all doubt. ..." - Albert Einstein



Data Collection: What is Data?

A large class of practically important

statements of measurements or

observations of a variable.

Understandable data that can be read by

researchers to be used to support the

research and prove a hypothesis.



Data Collection: Primary Data

Data collected specifically for a purpose from theactual site of occurrence of events or

environment.

New data gathered to help solve the problem at

hand.

Sources may include questionnaires, interviews

and focus groups.

Data collection method is designed according toneed and aware of the assumptions made



Data Collection: Primary Data

Primary Data Collection tools:

Questionnaire

Interviews

Focus group studies

Observation

Experiment


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Research Methods for Degree Study

Data Collection: Secondary Data

Data exist at the start of research and dont haveto be collected from the environment (are in

existence prior to the beginning of the study).

Data that has already been assembled, having

been collected for some other purpose.

Data gathered from existing sources such as

documents, records, or specimens that have

been collected for non-research purposes . Data collected and designed by others thus lack

of knowledge about the limitations and

assumptions made earlier.




Data Collection: Secondary Data

Sources include: Books

Text books

Reference books

General knowledge Academic sources published or unpublished

Journals

Research Papers

From other researchers/organization Government Sources

Census reports (banci)

Trade publications




Importance of primary data

Current data To compare with the past

New incidences

To answer specific problems

Focused research work




Importance of secondary data

For a quick and cost effective research Need for data from past/occurred

incidences

Limited access and confidentiality

For a preliminary work

feasibility

Readily available information




Tutorial

Search for a research that was based on

secondary data.

Present the research in class byexplaining the research, the need for

secondary data and its advantages and

disadvatages.




Review Questions

1. What is a hypothesis?

2. What is a concept?

3. Distinguish between primary and secondary data.

4. Explain the kind of data that can be obtained viasecondary sources.

5. Discuss the situational need to use secondary data

compare to primary data.

6. Explain the importance of secondary data.7. Explain the importance of primary data.


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Q & A

Question and Answer Session


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Mod le Code and Mod le Title Title of Slides

Next Session

Qualitative Methods

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