5. ordination of aaron and his sons
TRANSCRIPT
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The Ordination
of Aaron and His Sons
1) Rite of separation from the previous state;
2) Interval (a 7-day period of isolation within
the Tent of Meeting); and
3) Full exercise of priestly functions and
obligations.
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/7!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
The phrase, “As the Lord commanded him”
occurs seven times in Leviticus 8 (vv. 4,
9, 13, 17, 21, 29, and 36), subdividing
the chapter into seven cohesive sections,
the scaffolding upon which Leviticus 8 is
built.
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Interestingly, the same phrase—“As the
Lord commanded him”—occurs seven
times introducing both the making of
the priestly vestments (Exodus 39: 1-31)
and the assembling of the
Tabernacle (Exodus 40: 17-38).
This is a beautiful example of the
intricate craftsmanship and structural
cohesion of Exodus/Leviticus
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0/!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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00!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 1
(8: 1-4a)
“The Lord said to Moses: Take Aaron
1
along with his
sons
2
the vestments
3
the anointing oil
4
the bull for a
purification [sin] offering
5
the two rams
6
and the
basket of unleavened bread
7
then assemble the whole
community at the entrance of the tent of meeting.
Moses did as the Lord had commanded [him].”
Since the priests will act on behalf of the entire community,
the entire community assembles for the consecration. And
notice that the 7 items mentioned are listed in the order in
which they will be used. Very nice
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01!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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02!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 2
(8: 4b-9)
“When the community had assembled at the entrance of
the tent of meeting Moses told them: ‘This is what
the Lord has ordered to be done.’ Bringing forward
Aaron and his sons Moses first washed them with
water
1
. Then he put the tunic on Aaron
2
girded him
with the sash
3
clothed him with the robe
4
placed the
ephod on him
5
and girded him with the ephod’s
embroidered belt fastening the ephod on him with it
6
.
He then set the breastpiece on him
7
putting the Urim
and Thummim in it
8
. He put the turban on his head
9
attaching the gold medallion the sacred headband on
the front of the turban
10
as the Lord had commanded
[him] Moses to do.”
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03!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Notice in Section 2 that
Aaron’s vestments consist
of 8 items: 4
undergarments and 4
outer garments. Each
item is preceded by the
definite article “the,”
reminding us that the
items were already
stipulated in Exodus,
subtly reinforcing the
structural cohesion of
Exodus and Leviticus.
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04!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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05!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 3
(8: 10-13)
“Taking the anointing oil Moses anointed and
consecrated the tabernacle and all that was in it.
Then he sprinkled some oil seven times on the altar
and anointed the altar with all its utensils and the
laver with its base to consecrate them. He also
poured some of the anointing oil on Aaron’s head and
anointed him to consecrate him. Moses likewise
brought forward Aaron’s sons clothed them with tunics
girded them with sashes and put skullcaps on them as
the Lord had commanded him to do.”
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The Hebrew word translated “anoint” is
mashach
, the root of the word “Messiah.”
Mashach means literally “to smear.”
“Anointing” is a ceremonial method of
elevating a person or thing
to a higher status.
Here, Aaron and his sons are
“anointed,” raising them to the
higher status of priests. Likewise, the
Tabernacle and the items in it are also
“anointed,” raised to a higher status from
profane to sacred.
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Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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Section 4
(8: 14-17)
“He brought forward the bull for a purification [sin]
offering and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its
head. When it was slaughtered Moses took the blood
and with his finger he put it on the horns around the
altar thus purifying the altar. He poured out the rest
of the blood at the base of the altar. Thus he
consecrated it so that atonement could be made on it.
Taking all the fat that was over the inner organs as
well as the lobe of the liver and the two kidneys with
their fat Moses burned them on the altar. The bull
however with its hide and flesh and dung he burned in
the fire outside the camp as the Lord had commanded
[him] Moses to do.”
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.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 11
1. Aaron and his sons place their hands on
the head of the sin offering. Before
continuing the ordination rite, they must
address their own inadvertent sins.
2. As Jacob Milgrom points out, blood has a
“detergent” affect, ridding
the altar of its impurities.
3. “. . . so that atonement could be
made on it [the altar]”; that is, in
the future. This refers to the
permanent function of the altar from
this point onward.
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12!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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13!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 5
(8: 18-21)
“He next brought forward the ram of the burnt
offering and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its
head. When it was slaughtered Moses splashed the
blood on all sides of the altar. After the ram was cut
up into pieces Moses burned the head the cut up
pieces and the suet. After the inner organs and the
shanks were washed with water Moses burned these
remaining parts of the ram on the altar. It was a
burnt offering for a sweet aroma an oblation to the
Lord as the Lord had commanded [him] Moses.”
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15!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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16!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 6
(8: 22-24a; 24b-29)
“Then he brought forward the second ram the
ordination ram and Aaron and his sons laid their hands
on its head. When it was slaughtered Moses took
some of its blood and put it on the lobe of Aaron’s
right ear on the thumb of his right hand and on the
big toe of his right foot. Moses had the sons of Aaron
also come forward and he put some of the blood on
the lobes of their right ears on the thumbs of their
right hands and on the big toes of their right feet.”
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.&:"$;:<= >&"? / 17
This is a VERY interesting part of the
ordination rite, daubing blood on the right
earlobes, thumbs and big toes of those being
ordained. Robert Alter insightfully observes
that this is an example of what Mary
Douglas in Leviticus as Literature calls
“correspondences”: as the horns of the altar
are daubed with blood, so are the
extremities of the priest—the right hand and
foot being the emblems of human agency
and the ear being the emblem of listening
and obedience.
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Section 6
(8: 22-24a; 24b-29)
“The rest of the blood he splashed on the altar. He then
took the fat . . . [and the best parts of the offering] one
unleavened cake one loaf of bread made with oil and one
wafer . . .. He then put all these things upon the palms
of Aaron and his sons whom he had raise them as an
elevated offering before the Lord. When Moses had
removed them from their palms he burned them on the
altar with the burnt offering. They were an ordination
offering for a sweet aroma an oblation to the Lord. He
then took the brisket and raised it as an elevated offering
before the Lord; this was Moses’ own portion of the
ordination ram as the Lord had commanded [him] Moses.”
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20!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Rite of Separation
from the previous state (8: 1-36)
Seven Sections
1. 8: 1-4a
2. 8: 4b-9
3. 8: 10-13
4. 8: 14-17
5. 8: 18-21
6. 8: 22-29
7. 8: 30-36
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21!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 7
(8: 30-36)
“Taking some of the anointing oil and some of the
blood that was on the altar Moses sprinkled it upon
Aaron and his vestments as well as his sons and their
vestments thus consecrating both Aaron and his
vestments and his sons and their vestments . . ..”
When Moses takes some of the oil and blood that was
on the altar and sprinkles it on the vestments of Aaron
and his sons, we have an example of sanctum
contagion: The oil and blood that was on the altar is
holy, therefore sprinkling it on Aaron, his sons and
their vestments makes them holy.
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22!"#$%&'(% (* +&"(% &%# ,$- .(%-
Section 7
(8: 30-36)
“Moses said to Aaron and his sons ‘Boil the meat at
the entrance of the tent of meeting and there eat it
with the bread that is in the basket of the ordination
offering . . .. Moreover you are not to depart from
the entrance of the tent of meeting for seven days
until the days of your ordination are completed; for
your ordination is to last for seven days . . .. So
Aaron and his sons did all that the Lord had
commanded through [him] Moses.”
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