5 fields of social studies historygeographyeconomicsgovernmentculture
TRANSCRIPT
• The study of the past.• Why study history?
–History Helps Us Understand•People and Societies •Understand change•How our society came to be
“How can we know who we are and where we are going if we don’t know anything about where we have come from and what we have been through, the courage shown, the costs paid, to be where we are?” – David McCullough, Historian
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• The study of people, places, and the environment.
• 5 themes of geography (we’ll look at these in just a minute)
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• The study of how people manage their resources by producing, exchanging, and using goods and services.
• 3 essential questions…– What will be produced? – How will it be produced? – For whom will it be produced?
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• The people and groups of people that have the power to make laws and see that they are obeyed.
• Kinds of government– Limited – everyone obeys the law
• Democracy• republics
– Unlimited – government does not have to obey the law• totalitarianism
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• The beliefs, customs, and ways of living that a group of people share.
• What shared factors make up a culture? – Beliefs, customs, laws, art, ways of living
• Culture trait– Each kind of food, clothing, technology, each
belief, language, or tool shared by a culture
Culture traits
food
clothing
Language and traditions
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HEI
Movement Place
Region
Location
5Themes of Geography
• Where is it located?– Absolute location
• The exact spot on Earth where a place is found
– Latitude– Longitude
– Relative location• The location of a place in relation to other
places
Absolute Location
The exact
place of a place
on Earth
The absolute location of Lesotho is
29 S 29 E
Do you remember other terms we use to describe absolute location?
• Meridians• Prime meridians• Parallels• Equator• Hemispheres• Compass rose• Latitude• Longitude • Grid system
Longitudes:
•Meridians
• Run N to S
• Measure East and West of prime meridian
•Starts at Prime Meridian 0 and ends at the International Date line 180
Latitudes:
•Parallels
•Runs E to W
•Measure North and South of the equator
•Starts at Equator 0 and ends at the Poles at 90
Absolute location
Lake Victoria is east of
The Congo River Basin
The Nile River is
south of the Mediterrane
an Sea
Relative Location
The pink house is next to the igloo.
The tree is to the right of the grass
hut.
A place’s location in relation to another place.
How can we get even more general or specific?
Solar SystemEarth
HemisphereContinentCountry
StateCounty
NeighborhoodStreetHouse
General
Specific
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu/powersof10/
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• What is it like?– Characteristics of place…
• Climate• Landforms• Bodies of water• Plant and animal life• Features that humans have created
– Cities, government, cultural traditions
What is it like?
•Animal life
•Plant life
•Landforms
•Climate
Nairobi, KenyaWhat features have humans
created?
•Cities
•Governments
•Cultural traditions
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• A group of places that have common physical features and/or human characteristics.
• What is common?– Physical features
– Human characteristics
Human Characteristics
•Language
•Culture
•beliefs
Natural regionsa region that has its own unique combination of plant
and animal life and climate
The Himalayas
A rainforest
Language regions
Another example of how regions might be divided.
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• How do people, goods, and ideas move from one place to another?–How do they move?
–Why do they move?
Bantu migration – largest human migration in history
How did
they move?
Why did they move?
People migrating
Movement of goods
Movement of ideas
Can you think of any ideas that have spread globally?
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• How do humans and the environment interact?–Humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the world around them.
How do humans adapt to their environment?
occupation
clothing
houses
Humans may help or hurt the environment.
desertificationdeforestation
pollution
The Swiss Family Robinson
1. How do the Robinsons adapt to their environment?
2. How are they to find food, clothes, shelter?
3. How does their environ. change as they create a home?
4. Where in the world must people adapt to a harsh environment to survive?
The environment may help or hurt humans.
Hurricanes
Volcanoes
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•Go back and add to your notes
•Share your notes with a partner to ensure you have everything!
Look at the following pictures in terms of geography, using the
following answers as a GUIDE…
• What can we assume about the location? (relative)
• What is the place like? (physical features, human characteristics, community, etc.)
• How have humans interacted with their environment? Negative? Positive?
• How has the environment had an impact on humans? Negative? Positive?
Hong Kong
Africa