4K Display TechnologyPresented by:

Ankit Zalawadiya (10BEC106)

Presentation Outline

Introduction

Motivation

4K Resolution Specifications

REC. 2020 Standard

Frame rate and Digital Representation

Luma Coefficients

Conclusion

References

Introduction

4K is the new big thing in display technology.

1920 x 1080 resolution - full HD TVs: Image of around 2 megapixels

UHDTV - 8 megapixel image from hi-resolution cameras.

4K denotes a very specific display resolution of 4096 x 2160.

Proposed by NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories and defined and approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

It will soon become a format for both broadcast TV and Blu-ray.

Motivation

The high definition comes in two flavors which are 720p (HD ready) and 1080p (Full HD).

Both standards offer more picture information than the standard definition formats.

The more pixels that make up an image, the more detail you see - and the smoother the appearance of curved and diagonal lines.

Ultra HD takes that on to the next level.

A high pixel count also enables images to go larger before they break up, which suits the trend to bigger TVs.

Motivation (Contd.)

The real difference between 720p and 1080p is the minimum viewing distance from TV about two meters.

Increasing pixel density leads to closer viewing distance without the pixel grid becoming obvious to viewer.

A 4K image - or Ultra HD - enables user to sit 1.6m from the screen.

4K Resolution

4K Resolution Specifications

"Ultra High-Definition", or "Ultra HD", Have an aspect ratio of at least 16:9

Can present native video at a minimum resolution of 3,840 x 2,160 pixels.

4K UHDTV (2160p) is 3840 pixels wide by 2160 pixels tall (8.3 megapixels), which is four times more pixels than 1920 x 1080 (2.1 megapixels).

8K UHDTV (4320p) is 7680 pixels wide by 4320 pixels tall (33.2 megapixels), which is sixteen times more pixels than current 1080p HDTV, which brings it closer to the detail level of 15/70 mm IMAX. The p in 2160p and 4320p stands for progressive scan or non-interlaced.

REC. 2020 Standard Rec. 2020 defines various

aspects of ultra high definition television (UHDTV) such as display resolution, frame rate, chroma subsampling, bit depth, and color space.

The wavelength of the Rec. 2020 primary colors is:

630 nm for the Red primary color.

532 nm for the Green primary color

467 nm for the Blue primary color.

REC. 2020 Standard (Contd.)

In coverage of the CIE 1931 color space: Rec. 2020 color space covers 75.8%.

Digital cinema reference projector color space covers 53.6%.

Adobe RGB color space covers 52.1%.

Rec. 709 color space covers 35.9%.

Frame rate and Digital Representation Frame rates:

120p, 60p, 59.94p, 50p, 30p, 29.97p, 25p, 24p, 23.976p.

Only progressive scan frame rates are allowed.

The NHK is planning for their UHDTV system, Super Hi-Vision, to use 12-bits per sample RGB.

Luma Coefficients

Rec. 2020: Allows for RGB and YCbCr signal formats with 4:4:4, 4:2:2, and

4:2:0 chroma subsampling.

Luma (Y') signal is made using the R’G’B’ coefficients 0.2627 for red, 0.6780 for green, and 0.0593 for blue.

Color space is supported by H.264/MPEG-4 AVC and High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC).

Conclusion

Complex implementation.

Requires a large shift in the broadcast and entertainment infrastructure.

Currently the only devices to offer Ultra HD play-out are ultra high resolution PC graphics cards, which typically use a quartet of SDI or HDMI outputs to deliver 8MP of video.

References

1) 4K resolution, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4K_resolution.

2) CIExy1931 Rec 2020 and Rec 709, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CIExy1931_Rec_2020_and_Rec_709.svg

3) Rec. 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rec._2020

4) Ultra high definition television, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra_high_definition_television

5) Ultra HD and 4K TV: Everything you need to know, http://www.techradar.com/news/home-cinema/high-definition\\ultra-hd-everything-you-need-to-know-about-4k-tv-1048954

Thank You