AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)

Use the excerpt to answer the following questions: “To those of my race who depend on bettering their condition in a foreign land or who underestimated the importance of cultivating friendly relations with the Southern white man, who is their next-door neighbor, I say: ‘Cast down your bucket where you are’—cast it down in making friends in every manly way of the people of all races by whom we are surrounded. . . . To those of the white race who look to the incoming of those of foreign birth and strange tongue and habits for the prosperity of the South, were I permitted I would repeat what I say to my own race, ‘Cast down your bucket where you are.’ Cast it down among the eight million of Negroes whose habits you know.” - Booker T. Washington, Atlanta Exposition Address, 1885

Use the illustration to answer the following questions:"Here Lies Prosperity", 1895The Situation: The Result of Interest Bearing Bonds and Sherman.” Sound Money (Massillon, OH), August 22, 1895. Reproduced from Worth Robert Miller, Populist Cartoons: An Illustrated History of the Third Party Movement in the 1890s (Truman State University Press, 2011).

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“New York is, I firmly believe, the most charitable city in the world. Nowhere is there so eager a readiness to help. When it is known that the help is worthily wanted; nowhere are such armies of devoted workers, nowhere such abundance of means ready to the hand of those who know the need and how rightly to supply it. Its poverty, its slums, and its suffering are the result of unprecedented growth with the consequent disorder and crowding, and the common penalty of metropolitan greatness. . . . The Day Nurseries, the numberless Kindergartens and charitable schools in the poor quarters, the Fresh Air Funds, the thousands and one charities that in one way or another reach the homes and the lives of the poor with sweetening touch. . . .” - Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890

Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“Labor organizations are today the greatest menace to this Government that exists inside or outside the pale of our national domain. Their influence for disruption and disorganization of society is far more dangerous to the perpetuation of our Government in its purity and power than would be the hostile array on our borders of the army of the entire world combined. . . . No one questions the right of labor to organize for any legitimate purpose, but when labor organizations degenerate into agencies of evil, inculcating theories dangerous to society and calming rights and powers destructive to government, there should be no hesitancy in any quarter to check these evil tendencies even if the organizations themselves have to be placed under the ban of law.”- N. F. Thompson, testimony before the Industrial Commission on the Relations and Conditions of Capital and Labor, 1900

Use the image to answer the following:

Sears Roebuck Consumer's Guide, 1906; Granger Collection, New York

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“When I first saw Yosemite, and read the notices posted by the State Commissioners, forbidding the cutting or marring the beauty in any way of the trees and shrubs, etc., I said, ‘How fine it is that this grand valley has been made a park, for the enjoyment of all the world! Here we shall have a section of the wonderful flora of the mountains of California. . . .’ But instead of enjoying special protection . . . it has suffered special destruction, for lack of the extraordinary care that so much trampling travel in it required. Therefore, now, instead of being most preciously cared for as the finest of all the park-gardens, it looks like a frwzy, neglected backwoods pasture. The best meadows are enclosed for hay-fields by unsightly fences, and all the rest of the floor of the valley is given up to the destructive pasturage of horses.”

- John Muir, speech to the Sierra Club, 1895

Use the following undated photograph to answer the following:

Horse Drawn Harvester, GRANGER / GRANGER — All rights reserved.

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)Use the photograph to answer the following:

Child Labor, photograph by Lewis Hine. Library of Congress, LC-DIG-nclc-01151

Use the excerpts to answer the following questions:“The newsboys’ strike gathered new strength last night in a monster mass meeting held at New Irving Hall. . . . “Kid” Blink, who has been made Grand Master Workman of the union, led the procession. . . . The unbiased spectator last evening could not fail to be impressed with the resolute, manly fight the little fellows are making. . . .

SPEECH OF “KID” BLINK. . . Dis is de time when we’se got to stick togedder like glue! But der’s one ting I want ter say before I goes any furder. I don’t believe in getting’ no feller’s papers frum him and tearin’ ‘em up. I know I done it. (Cries of “You bet you did!”) But I’m sorry fer it. No! derain’t nuttin in dat. We know wot we wants and we’ll git it. . . . Dem 10 cents is as good ter us as to de millionaires—maybe better. . . . We’ll strike and restrike till we get it. . . . We’ll stick togedder like plaster, won’t we, boys? The boys answered that they would. . . .”

- New York Herald-Tribune, newsboys strike coverage, July 25, 1899

Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“There is no question which of the great parties represents the house of Have and which the house of Want. . . . Democrat[s] are cramped for want of funds. . . . On the other hand there is practically “no end of money” at the disposal of the McKinley committees. . . . As for the banks, the great railroad companies and insurance companies, who, even in ordinary times find it to their interest to help financially one, and frequently both, sides . . . , their purse strings are unloosed more freely than ever before, but only in one direction.The danger to a republican form of government of a money interest in politics is so clear that it needs not to be dwelt upon. . . . The steady tendency of American legislation, national and state, has not merely been to create great special interests, but in the very effort to control them for the benefit of the public, to concern them directly in politics.”

- Henry George, Wheeling Register, September 19, 1896

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:

“The problem of our age is the proper administration of wealth, so that the ties of brotherhood may still bind together the rich and poor in harmonious relationship. The conditions of human life have…been revolutionized within the past few hundred years. The contrast between the palace of the millionaire and the cottage of the laborer… measures the change which has come with civilization. This change should be…welcomed as highly beneficial. It is much better this great irregularity than universal squalor…While the law [of competition] may be sometimes hard for the individual, it is best for the race, because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department… and it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development and improved conditions…the man of wealth thus becoming the mere agent and trustee for his poorer brethren, bringing to their service his superior wisdom, experience, and ability to administer, doing for them better than they would or could do for themselves.” - Andrew Carnegie, "Gospel of Wealth," 1889

Use the political cartoon entitled “The Condition of the Laboring Man at Pullman” to answer the questions that follow.

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:We consider the underlying fallacy of the plaintiff’s argument to consist in the assumption that the enforced separation of the two races stamps the colored race with a badge of inferiority. It this be so, it is not by reason of anything found in the act, but solely because the colored race chooses to put that construction upon it…The argument also assumes that social prejudices may be overcome by legislation, and that equal rights cannot be secured to the Negro except by an enforced commingling of the two races. We cannot accept this proposition. If the two races are to meet upon terms of social equality, it must be the result of natural affinities.

- Justice Henry Brown, majority opinion of the court in Plessy v. Ferguson

1. This political cartoon most directly reflects the sentiments of

Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“The Germans and Irish millions, like the Negro, have a great deal of guano in their destiny. They are ferried over the Atlantic, and carted over America, to ditch and to drudge, to make corn cheap, and then to lie down prematurely to make a spot of green grass on the prairie” - Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1860

Use the excerpt to answer the following questions:“To those of the white race who look to the incoming of those of foreign birth and strange tongue and habits for the prosperity of the South, were I permitted I would repeat what I say to my own race, “Cast down your bucket where you are.” ...... As we have proved our loyalty to you in the past, in nursing your children, watching by the sick-bed of your mothers and fathers, and often following them with tear-dimmed eyes to their graves, so in the future, in our humble way, we shall stand by you with a devotion that no foreigner can approach, ready to lay down our lives, if need be, in defense of yours, interlacing our industrial, commercial, civil, and religious life with yours in a way that shall make the interests of both races one. In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress.” -- Booker T. Washington, 1895

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)

Refer to the image by Thomas Nast to answer the following:

Use the image to answer the following:

Use the image to answer the following:

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)

Use the image to answer the following:

Use the excerpt to answer the following:To be sure, much of progressivism was exclusionary. Yet we can now recognize not a singular political persuasion, but rather a truly plural set of progressivisms, with workers, African Americans, women, and even Native Americans - along with a diverse and contentious set of middling folk - taking up the language and ideas of what was once conceived of as an almost entirely white, male, middle-class movement. As for the dreams of democracy from the period: despite the frequent blindness of those who embodied them, they remain bold, diverse, and daring. It is for this reason that democratic political theorists . . . have looked so longingly at the active citizenship of the Progressive Era, seeking ways to rekindle the democratic impulses of a century ago. Robert D. Johnston, historian, “The Possibilities of Politics,” 2011.

AP US History Unit Test, Period 6 (Chapters 17-19)

Use the excerpts to answer the following:Source A: Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890. Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof. . . The word "person", or "persons" shall be deemed to include corporations and associations existing under laws of either the US, the laws of any of the Territories, the laws of any State, or the laws of any foreign country.

Source B: Clayton Antitrust Act, 1914. That is shall be unlawful for any person engaged in commerce, in the course of such commerce, either directly or indirectly to discriminate in price between different purchasers of commodities which commodities are sold for use, consumption, or resale within the United States, where the effect of such discrimination may be to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in any line of commerce. That the labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce. Nothing contained in the antitrust laws shall be construed to forbid the existence and operation of labor organizations.