4d workflow within total group - página inicial · 2017. 5. 10. · henri houllevigue, christian...
TRANSCRIPT
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© Marc Roussel / Total
4D WORKFLOW WITHIN TOTAL GROUP Henri HOULLEVIGUE, Christian HUBANS
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OUTLINES
2
● 4D seismic introduction
● TOTAL workflows - 4D Feasibility studies
- 4D workflow
● Conclusions
● Questions
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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4D SEISMIC INTRODUCTION
3
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4
THE “AFRICAN SUNSET” “4D” EXPERIMENT
Image at time 1 : Base
Image at time 2 : Monitor
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL grou » H. Houllevigue
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THE “AFRICAN SUNSET” “4D” EXPERIMENT
• « 4D » is a term defining successive 1D (VSP), 2D or 3D seismic experiments
• The quality of a 4D result is limited to the quality of the baseline survey (since the
monitor survey is often of better quality)
• 4D is based on a physical measure depicting complex processes, physical measure
having its own limits…
Difference Difference Without Noise
4D image difference
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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4D WORKFLOWS WITHIN TOTAL
6
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4D warping & inversion
4D integration
into geomodels
4D interpretation
4D History Match
STATISTICAL CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION PROFILES
0
100
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400
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600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
TIME (YEARS)
RE
CO
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RA
BLE
RE
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RV
ES
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MIN
q10
q20
q30
q40
q50
q60
q70
q80
q90
MAX
4D acquisition & processing
• 4D Rock Physic Model: to compute density and
velocity variations according to a description a rock,
fluids and production phenomena.
• 4D signal feasibility: to compute 4D signal (dV/V,
time shifts, amplitude changes) related to production
phenomena.
•4D acquisition feasibility: to assess the best design
for the best 4D repeatability.
4D feasibility
4D TOTAL WORKFLOW
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
4D SEISMIC FEASIBILITY
Fullwave modelling A priori seismic acquisition
design
Regular « elastic »
grid
(VP, VS, ρB)
Building a realistic
overburden
Seismic
modelling (2D
fullwave)
Synthetic seismic
pre-processing Petroelastic behaviour analysis
Delta IP
Delt
a IS
-100 100
-100
100
0
0
ΔIp vs ΔIs T12-T0
Rock Physics Model :
(VP, VS, ρ)=f(petrophy)
Petroelastics
4D signal
analysis &
noise
integration
Am
p 4
D Amp Base
« Elastic » grid (VP, VS, ρ)
Reservoir grid (Φe, NTG, Swe,
Soil, Sgas, pressure)
Multi 1D
convolutional
modelling
4D Attributes
Analysis (Envelope 4D,
Time shift, NRMS)
Main workflow
Baseline seismic
Convolu
tional Monitor seismic
Fu
llwave
Baseline seismic
Monitor seismic
4D feasibility
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M4S1 DYNAMIC ROCK PHYSICS MODEL
600
DEPTHMETRES
PHIE_1V/V1 0
VCL_1V/V0 1
J_PHISWE_1G/C31 0
O_VP_1KM/S2.4 2.7
F_VP_1M/S2.4 2.7
J_VP_4M/S2.4 2.7
600
DEPTHMETRES
Core measures
In situ time lapse
velocity measures
Impact of DP on
velocities
Thermo dynamics
Gassman’s theory
Impact of DSw on
velocities
Static RPM
Dynamic RPM
field & seismic monitoring
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
Example of 4D seismic feasibility in carbonates
Oil saturation, 2002
Seismic FW modelling, 2002, Fullstack
Δ Oil saturation, 2007-2002
Seismic difference after warping, 2007-2002, Fullstack
Tim
e
Zoom on the water outbreak on carbonate reservoir
-500
500
-10000
10000
0%
100%
0%
-70%
SOUTH NORTH
4D feasibility
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4D feasibility 4D
acquisition & processing
4D warping & inversion
4D interpretation
4D integration
into geomodels
4D History Match
STATISTICAL CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION PROFILES
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
TIME (YEARS)
RE
CO
VE
RA
BLE
RE
SE
RV
ES
.
MIN
q10
q20
q30
q40
q50
q60
q70
q80
q90
MAX
• 4D inversions algorithms deliver 4D attributes useful
for volumetric interpretation and their integration in
geomodel.
• 4D Warping: 4D inversion of base and monitors with
no a priori model which delivers 4D DV/V, time shift
and warped monitor (short process: 1 month).
• 4D impedance inversion: 4D inversion of base and
monitor with an a priori model which delivers dIp/Ip
and dIs/Is (long process: 6 months).
4D TOTAL WORKFLOW
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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STACKED RESERVOIR EFFECT
B99 M08 4D Difference
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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4D PSEUDO-IMPEDANCES AFTER CROSSCORR WARPING
GR+Completion logs
Producer well
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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4D DVP/VP FROM TOTAL’S WARPING : L.F. CONTENT !
GR+Completion logs
Producer well
TimeShift AND reflectivity simultaneous inversion !
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
4D feasibility 4D
acquisition & processing
4D warping & inversion
4D interpretation
4D integration
into geomodels
4D History Match
STATISTICAL CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION PROFILES
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
TIME (YEARS)
RE
CO
VE
RA
BLE
RE
SE
RV
ES
.
MIN
q10
q20
q30
q40
q50
q60
q70
q80
q90
MAX
• 4D interpretation
• Choice of best attributes to use for 4D
interpretation (time shift, 4D dV/V, amplitude
differences).
• Perform 4D composite maps containing all 2G&R
information: 4D, AE maps, wells info, etc.
• Several methodologies of interpretation exist:
picking of seismic horizons, 4D boundaries and 4D
geobodies (3D envelope of 4D attribute changes).
4D TOTAL WORKFLOW
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
4D INTERNAL & INTEGRATED SOFTWARE TOOL SISMAGE
4D QC & Post processing of
4D seismic cubes
4D warping (time realignement of monitor seismic
cubes and dV inversion)
4D interpretation using 2G&R information
4D comparison with geology and reservoir
grids (qualitative comparison)
4D calibration using PEM and seismic
modelling (4D quantitative)
4D anomalies upscaling inside reservoir grids
SISMAGE 4D tool box
4D QC
4D inversion
4D interpretation in
volumetry & multi-cube
4D calibration
4D seismic modelling
from wells & reservoir
grids
4D petroelastical
modelling
4D upscaling inside
reservoir model
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL grou » H. Houllevigue
Seismic attributes must be tested:
> dV/V attribute issued from warping
> Monitor – base seismic amplitude
> Monitor – base envelopes
> Time shift attribute
> dIp/Ip (Ip monitor – Ip base)
No magic attribute ! But different ways to detect production phenomena.
Related to Seismic quality...S/N...etc
DIFFERENT ATTRIBUTES FOR 4D
INTERPRETATION
Difference of amplitude envelopes Difference of pseudo impedances
dV/V dIp/Ip
Amplitude difference Time shift in ms
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL grou » H. Houllevigue
Geological data: GR, Facies, Resistivity, Neutron/Density
Geophysical data: sonic and synthetic data, base amplitude trace, monitor amplitude trace, RMS amplitude difference, dV/V attribute, dIp/Ip
Reservoir data: Delta Sw, delta Sg, Delta P coming from Eclipse reservoir simulation.
4D WELL CALIBRATION 3G calibration template for 4D and reservoir consistency
Geology Seismic Reservoir Model
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
4D COMPOSITE MAPS
Creation of composite maps with all useful interpretation than can be shared by 3G people
AE Legend :
P28
P15
P06
P25
W19
W26
+10%
DV/V >0
DV/V
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL grou » H. Houllevigue
4D INTERPRETATION TROUGH GEOBODIES TECHNIQUE
4D geobodies propagators were developped in SISMAGE
Water injector Water injector
Water injector 4D
geobody seismic scale
Water injector 4D
geobody geomodel scale
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL grou » H. Houllevigue
4D & 3D INTERPRETATION: WATER INJECTION EFFICIENCY
P15
P06 W19
P28
P25
W26
P15
P06 W19
P15
P06 W19
Seismic bandwidth P impedance
dVp/Vp attribute
north south
geobodies
Geobodies are picked on dV/V cube then
checked onXsection
checked on seismic facies
used to interpret water path…
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
4D feasibility 4D
acquisition & processing
4D warping & inversion
4D interpretation
4D integration
into geomodels
4D History Match
STATISTICAL CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION PROFILES
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
TIME (YEARS)
RE
CO
VE
RA
BLE
RE
SE
RV
ES
.
MIN
q10
q20
q30
q40
q50
q60
q70
q80
q90
MAX
1- 4D integration for static model update
- Use of 4D for sedimentological model update: facies
maps are compared to 4D extensions and help to
update facies limits.
- Use of 4D as facies modelling guide and for
petrophysical infilling quality control.
2- 4D integration for dynamic model update
- Geological heterogeneities characterization
- Dynamic Aquifer behaviour.
- 4D injected/produced volumes computation.
4D Total workflow
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ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
EXAMPLE OF SEDIMENTOLOGICAL MODEL
UPDATE
Initial facies map
P131
WI113
4D DV/V
WI113
P131
Undershoot area – DV/V very noisy
Lobe Sandy
Channel axis
Lobe fringe
P131
Wi113
Revised facies map following 4D info
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4D feasibility 4D
acquisition & processing
4D warping & inversion
4D interpretation
4D integration
into geomodels
4D History Match
STATISTICAL CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION PROFILES
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022
TIME (YEARS)
RE
CO
VE
RA
BLE
RE
SE
RV
ES
.
MIN
q10
q20
q30
q40
q50
q60
q70
q80
q90
MAX
1- 4D seismic integration for ‘dynamic synthesis’
4D geobodies compute the injection split per complex
for co-mingled injectors
integration with well monitoring data
2- 4D seismic derived indicators for History Matching
From 4D ‘water injection’, ‘gas ex-solution’ and ‘WOC rise’
geobodies can be input to the simulation models to
compute ‘4D seismic vs. simulation’ mismatch indicators.
4D Total workflow
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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B2 spill
C2BL
A3 res
A0 res
4D DVp/Vp
Screens
C1
-8%
+8%
W26
4D AS A SEISMIC PLT
4D shows than there is no injection in A3+A0
reservoirs which have 40% of net sand
36%
27%
27%
10%
C1
B2 spill
A3 res
A0 res
C2BL
Start of injection : Nov. 07
PLT performed in Feb. 09
PLT data shows water injected at one instantaneous moment
4D shows water injected over a longer period (in qualitative way)
Both measurements should not be in disagreement, 4D can shows wells or reservoir evolution through time
In wells without PLT information, 4D should help understanding water injectivity.
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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CONCLUSIONS
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● 4D seismic is now a proved and valuable technique.
● TOTAL considers 4Dseismic mandatory in new field development.
● TOTAL has a large and wide experience in 4D seismic : - Acquisition & Processing team with various experiences looking for cost
adapted solution and target adapted solution.
- Various TOTAL’s Interpretation workflows :
• from fast track route to detailed quantitative interpretation and History Match
- 4D Feasibility studies and 4D pilot.
● TOTAL specific in-house tools. (Processing,Warping, well tie, H.M...)
● TOTAL is organized for true transverse interpretation through Transverse team and common workstation.
● 4D seismic is THE TOOL to detect unexpected phenomena on a field - But this request large collaboration 2G&R, + petrophysicist, geomechanics,
PVT...etc..
ANP seminar 23-24 March 2017 : « 4D workflow within TOTAL group » H. Houllevigue
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DISCLAIMER and COPYRIGHT RESERVATION
The TOTAL GROUP is defined as TOTAL S.A. and its affiliates and shall include the
person and the entity making the presentation.
Disclaimer
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Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the financial condition,
results of operations, business, strategy and plans of TOTAL GROUP that are subject
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political or economic events.
TOTAL GROUP does not assume any obligation to update publicly any forward-
looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Further information on factors which could affect the company’s financial results is
provided in documents filed by TOTAL GROUP with the French Autorité des Marchés
Financiers and the US Securities and Exchange Commission.
Accordingly, no reliance may be placed on the accuracy or correctness of any such
statements.
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