7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

1/13

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

is a dependent clause which takes theplace of an adjective in another clause orphrase. Like an adjective, an adjective clause

modifies a noun or pronoun, answeringquestions like "which?" or "what kind of?"

The car, which was red, belonged to Young-Hee.

http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/pronouns.htmlhttp://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/pronouns.html

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

2/13

A relative pronoun (who, which, whom, that) isusually used to introduce an adjectiveclause:

Young-Hee, whois a Korean student, livesin Victoria.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

3/13

Who: used for humansin subject

position:

Hans, whois an architect, lives in Berlin.

Whom: used for humansin objectposition

Marike, whomHans knows well, is aninterior decorator.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

4/13

Which: used for things and animals in subject

or object position:

Marike has a dogwhichfollows her everywhere

That: used for humans, animals and things, insubject or object position

Marike is decorating a housethatHansdesigned.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

5/13

RELATIVE ADVERB

We can use where and when to

introduce adjective clause:

The swimming pool where I swamlast night is dirty.

The day when the tragedy happenedwas commemorated.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

6/13

1. Non-defining clauses: give extra

information about the noun, but they are notessential:

The desk in the corner, which is covered inbooks, is mine.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

7/13

2. Defining clauses: give essentialinformation about the noun:

The packagethat arrived this morningis on the desk.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

8/13

In RESTRICTIVE clauses, these relativepronouns can be omitted IF THEY ARE NOTTHE SUBJECT OF THE CLAUSE

that ........ all (that) he and Marianne could say

who(m) ...... a man (whom) I can really love

which ........ complaints (which) politeness hadhitherto restrained

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

9/13

Clauses (restrictive or nonrestrictive)

in which who, which, or thatis the

SUBJECT can be reduced tophrases by omitting the relativepronoun and the part of the verb

that agrees with the subject:

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

10/13

a. if the verb phrase begins with a form of the verb be, omit it alongwith the relative pronoun

b. if the verb phrase does not begin with be, change the verb tothe present participle (-ing) and omit the relative pronoun* in either case, you will be left with a phrase beginning withsomething that can follow be:

a noun (non-restrictive phrases only) -- often called an "appositive"

Bill Clinton, (who is) the President of the US, is from Arkansas.

an adjective (less common; usually only phrases, not singleadjectives)

Clothes (which are) wet from the raincan be hung here.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

11/13

a preposition

People (who are) from Iowaare especially nice.

a present participle (-ing)

The money (which/that was) lying on the table ... orThe money which/that lay on the table ...= The moneylying on the tablewas mine.

a past participle ( -ed, -en, etc.)

The money (that had been) placed on the tablewasmine.

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

12/13

c. if the verb is the main verb have, replace itwith the preposition with(instead of changingthe verb to having):

A man who has a lot of money isn't necessarilyhappy.

= A manwith a lot of moneyisn't necessarilyhappy

7/31/2019 46329566 Adjective Clause

13/13

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj1.htm

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/adj1.htm