455 - occupational health

7/31/2019 455 - Occupational Health

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Rejimon.A.S

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Scope of Occupational Health Problems

Every 5 seconds a worker is injured

10,000,000 injuries a year 100,000 deaths a year

Every 10 seconds a worker is disabled

Incidence of work-related injuries increasing

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The Constitutional aspects of

Employees’ right to health

Article 21 – Indian Constitution: guarantees theprotection of life and personal liberty of person

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Directive Principles of State Policy provide:

For securing the health and strength of workers, menand women

That the tender age of children is not abused That citizens are not forced by economic necessity to

enter avocations unsuited to their age or strength

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Just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief are provided

That the Government shall take steps, by suitablelegislation

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Occupational health Laws:

The Factories Act, 1948

The Mines Act, 1952

The Dock Workers (Safety, Health & Welfare) Act,1986-

Employees State Insurance Act, 1948

Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923

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LABOUR UNIONS:

Industrial development India -middle of the 19th century

Madras Labour Union ,1918 – first labour union

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Trade Unions Act – 1926

The Act gave legal status to the RegisteredTrade Unions

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ILO AND WHO RECCOMENDATIONS AIMS:

Promote rights at work

Encourage decent employment opportunities

Enhance social protection

Strengthen dialogue on work-related issues

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The ILO has four strategic objectives

1.Promote and realize standards andfundamental principles and rights at work.

2.Create greater opportunities for womenand men to decent employment andincome.

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3.Enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection for all.

4.Strengthen tripartism and social dialogue

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TRIPARTITE CONSTITUENTSDECENT WORK

LIVELIHOOD

DIGNITY

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How it serves? Formulation of international policies and programmes

Creation of international labour standards

An extensive programme of international technical

cooperation

Training, education and research activities

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International Labour Standards-

1919"The rules of the global economy should be

aimed at improving the rights, livelihoods,

security, and opportunities of people,

families and communities around the

world ."

(World Commission on the Social Dimension of

Globalization, 2004 )

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WHO-Global strategy on occupational

health for all: The way to health at work

Strengthening of international and national policiesfor health at work and developing the necessary policy tools

Development of healthy work environment

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Development of healthy work practices and promotionof health at work

Strengthening of occupational health services (OHS)

Establishment of support services for occupational

health

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Development of occupational health standards basedon scientific risk assessment

Development of human resources for occupationalhealth

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Establishment of registration and data systems,development of information services for experts,effective transmission of data and raising of publicawareness through public information

Strengthening of research

Development of collaboration in occupationalhealth and with other activities and services

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FACTORY ACT

OBJECTIVES:

The Factories Act provides for the health, safety, welfare,service conditions and other aspects of workers in

factories.

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APPLICABILITY OF THE ACT The Act defines factory as an establishment of employing

10 or more workers where power is used, and 20 or more workers where power is not used.

The Act applies to whole India except the state of Jammu

and Kashmir.



Main points Health

Safety

Welfare

Working Hours Of Adults

Annual Leave With wages



HEALTH Cleanliness

Disposal of wastes and effluents

Ventilation and temperature

Dust and fumes

Over crowding (minimum 500 Cu.ft space for each worker)

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Lighting

Drinking water

Latrines and urinals

Spittoons

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SAFETY Casting of new machinery

Devices for cutting of power

Precaution against dangerous fumes, explosives andinflammable material

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“NO worker shall be required to lift or carry loads which are likely to cause him injury”

Appointment of safety officers (1000 or more workersemployed)

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WELFARE Washing facilities

Facilities for storing and drying clothes

Facilities for sitting

First aid appliances

Canteens

Shelters, rest rooms and lunch rooms

Welfare officers

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Employment of young persons Prohibits employment of children below the age of 14

years.

Restriction of employment of women and children indangerous occupations

Adolescent employee allowed to work only between6am to 7pm

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Hours of work Maximum of 48 working hours per week, not

exceeding 9 hours per day with rest for at least ½ hourafter 5 hours of continuous work

The total hours of work in week including overtime

should not exceed 60

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Leave with wages

Occupational diseases

Employment in hazardous processes

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OBJECTIVE OF THE ACT The objective of the act is to provide for certain

benefits to employees in case of sickness, maternity and “employment injury” and to provide for certain

other matters in relation there to.



APPLICABILITY OF THE ACT The Act is applicable to all factories including factories

belonging to the Government other than seasonalfactories.

With effect from 1/5/2010 the Act covers all employees– manual, clerical, supervisory, and technical getting

upto Rs. 15000 per month



ADMINISTRATION: ESI corporation

Chairman – The Union minister of Labour

Vice chairman – Secretary GOI Ministry of labour. Members: Representatives from

central and state government

Employers and employee organizations

Medical profession and parliament

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The act covers the following

benefits

Medical benefit

Sickness benefit in cash Maternity benefit

Disablement benefit

Dependent benefit

Funeral benefit

Rehabilitation benefit

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Contribution:

Employer: 4.75 % of salary

Employee: 1.75% of salary



Benefit to employers Exemption from the applicability of workmen's

compensation act 1923

Exemption from Maternity benefit act 1961

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Exemption from payment of medical allowance toemployees and their dependents or arranging for theirmedical care

Rebate under the Income Tax Act on contributiondeposited in the ESI account

Healthy work force.

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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

TEAM: Occupational hygienist

Ergonomists

Psychologist

Physiologist

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Safety engineers

Toxicologist

Physician

Occupational health nurse

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ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH

NURSE

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSE

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Primary prevention

Emergency care

Treatment services

Nursing diagnosis

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General health advice and assessment

Occupational health assessment

Health surveillance

Maintenance of work ability

Health and safety

Hazard identification

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THANKYOU

455 - occupational health

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