4.2 Role Of Hormones In The Menstrual Cycle

MENSTRUAL CYCLEProduction of ova in the ovary of the female= oestrous cycle28 days cycle

Menstrual cycleControlled by several hormones:Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)Luteinising hormone (LH)ProgesteroneOestrogen

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)Place of release :Anteritor lobe of the pituitary gland

Functions :Stimulates the development of follicles

OestrogenPlace of release :Follicle cells

Functions :promotes the female secondary sex featuresstimulates the thickening of endometriumStimulates the formation of the milk glandsStimulates the pituitary gland to release LH

Luteinising Hormone(LH)Place of release :Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Functions :Stimulates ovulationStimulates the development of the follicle on the corpus luteum

ProgesteronePlace of release :Corpus luteum

Functions :Stimulates the endometrium to become thick & highly vascularised (formation of new vessels)Inhibits the secretion of FSH & LH

Effects of the imbalance of hormones in women

Premenstrual syndromeResults from hormonal imbalance (between oestrogen & progesterone)For a few days or few hours prior to menstruationSymptoms:TirednessMoodinessAnxietyEmotional tensionHeadache

MenopauseOccurs when ovary stops producing egg cells & its follicle becomes insensitive to FSH & LHEffects:Hot flushesHeadachesTirednessInsomniaMoodinessAbdominal painLoss of concentration & memory

EXERCISESBP Trial Examination 2013

OestrogenTo repair / stimulate the thickening uterine lining / endometrium wall

Brain consists of pituitary gland // hypothalamusSecrete Follicle Stimulating Hormone/ FSH/Luteinising hormone / LH //Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone / GnRHStimulate the development of follicle into Grafiaan follicle / Stimulate ovulation // Stimulate pituitary gland to secrete hormone

MenstruationVascularise