41co operation and maintaining powervm vios with ibm ischd.ws/hosted_files/commons17/6a/41co...
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Session ID:
Agenda Key:
Cognitive Systems
41CO Operation and Maintaining PowerVM VIOS with IBM iGary Konicek – [email protected] Lab Services
170299
41CO
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Fix Strategy – before June 2015
• Service packs (SPs):
– Miscellaneous enhancements and fixes
– ie 2.2.1.3-FP25 SP-01
– Must be applied to the correct Fix pack
– Optional installation: to get enhancements
– Released as needed
• Interim fixes (iFix):
– Specific fix – like an individual PTF
– ie VIOS_2.2.0.10_IZ90550
– Released as needed
• Base releases:
– i.e. 2.2.1.0
– i.e. 2.2.3.0
– Releases are supported for 36 months or more
– ioslevel command shows current release level of VIOS
• Cumulative fix packs (FPs):
– Contain fixes and new function
– ie 2.2.1.1-FP25
VIOS maintenance strategy: https://www-304.ibm.com/webapp/set2/sas/f/vios/svcstrategy.html
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Fix Strategy – post June 2015
• VRMF – Version – Release – Maintenance – Fix level
– VIOS release eg v1.5.0, v2.2.1, v2.2.2, v2.2.3, v2.2.4 (announced 10/5)
• ioslevel command shows current level
– VIOS service pack - eg v2.2.1.7, v2.2.2.3, v2.2.3.4, v2.2.3.50 (new)
• Fix level for service packs will be multiple of 10 (ie 2.2.3.50, 2.2.3.60, etc)
– VIOS mini pack – eg v2.2.3.51, v2.2.3.52
• Fix level for minipacks will increment by 1’s off the associated service pack (ie 2.2.3.51, 2.2.3.52, etc)
• Minipacks will be associated with service pack level
• Interim fixes (iFix):
– Specific fix – like an individual PTF
– ie VIOS_2.2.0.10_IZ90550
– Released as needed
VIOS maintenance strategy: https://www-304.ibm.com/webapp/set2/sas/f/vios/svcstrategy.html
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Update Process
• Access fixes and new release levels from IBM Fix Central
• http://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/
Run ioslevel command to find out current version
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Sample downloads
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Fix Pack upgrade information – Same version example
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Fix Pack upgrade information – New version example
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Download fixes
• Download fix package
– Some use .iso files to burn to media
– Some use packages of files to be FTP’d to VIOS
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Use the read me instructions
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Things to watch out for
• Don’t make assumptions on fix apply steps• Follow the documented steps
• Use –accept parameter on updateios command
• License acceptance required on some fixes
• When not entered can give very confusing messages
• Media problems messages can be cryptic• geninstall failures
• Fix content verification can show failure messages• Check read me documentation
• lssw (list software) command is often used to check software levels
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Installation Summary Example from lssw command
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Adapter Firmware Updates
• Occasionally, adapter firmware updates will be recommended before a VIOS Update
• Documented on Fix Level Recommendation Tool or VIOS Readme
• Use lsfware –all to see current firmware levels for system and adapters
• User VIOS command diagmenu
• HMC server firmware update
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VIOS Management Interfaces
• When implementing VIOS on Power Servers, there are two primary ways to manage VIOS partitions
• HMC
• For configuring/sharing resources that are virtualized to client partitions
• VIOS command line
• For configuring/sharing resources that are virtualized to client partitions
• For management and operations of the VIOS operating system and data
• Other options
• Integrated Virtualization Manager on Power blades and scale out Power Servers
• Flexible Service Manager on PureFlex / Flex nodes
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HMC – Virtual Resources – Enhanced+
Manage Virtual Disk, Optical, Tape
Manage Virtual Ethernet
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Virtual Storage – Enhanced+ - Client Focus
• Virtual SCSI – Storage View
– VIOS resource name, IBM i resource name
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Virtual Storage – Enhanced+ - Client Focus
• Virtual SCSI – Adapter View
– IBM i resource name, adapter slot : VIOS resource name, adapter slot
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Virtual Storage – Enhanced+ - Client Focus
• Virtual Fiber Channel – Storage View
– IBM i resource name, VIOS physical port, virtual WWPN
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Virtual Storage – Enhanced+ - Client Focus
• Virtual Fiber Channel – Adapter View
– IBM i resource name, adapter slot; VIOS resource name, adapter slot; VIOS Physical port; virtual WWPN
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Manage Physical Volumes - Classic
• Make virtual device: mkvdev (maps a volume to a virtual adapter)
• Example: mkvdev –vdev hdisk7 –vadapter vhost0
• Change device attributes: chdev
• List device attributes: lsdev
• List physical volume: lspv
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Manage Optical Devices
Make virtual media repository: mkrep
Make virtual optical media file: mkvopt
Load/unload media: loadopt / unloadopt
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Manage Virtual Fibre Channel - Classic
• Map virtual fibre channel ports: vfcmap
– Example: vfcmap –vadapater vfchost7 –fcp fcs4
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Use HMC to Create Shared Ethernet Adapters
• Forces user to make one VIOS Primary and one Secondary for each SEA• Prevents broadcast storm
• Requires control channel to be created before creating SEA with failover• Change specific settings using chdev after building the SEA if necessary
Manage Profiles or Dynamic Partitioning Virtual Network Management
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Reconfiguring Shared Ethernet Adapters
• When changing configuration of a shared ethernet adapter, a delete and recreate of the SEA is often required:
• i.e., changing VLANs, adding aggregated links, etc.
• HMC will provide list of steps needed to properly remove the SEA so you can create it again
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Use lsdev Command to View Devices in VIOS
• lsdev –dev hdisk* or lsdev | grep hdisk
• lsdev –dev ent* or lsdev | grep ent
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List Attributes of a Device
• Change attribute with: chdev –dev ent6 –attr attribute=value -perm
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List Vital Product Data (VPD) of a Device
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Storage Mapping – VSCSI and NPIV
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List Virtual Adapter Slots
HMC and lsdev -slots Command
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Working with the VIOS operating system
• Install VIOS• installios
• HMC Virtual I/O Server Image Repository
• Physical DVD media via system DVD drive or HMC DVD drive
• Update VIOS (upgrade or apply fixes) – updateios
• Mirror the VIOS disk - mirrorios
• Backup VIOS – backupios
• View VIOS release level – ioslevel
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Working with VIOS users
• Make (create) a new user account – mkuser *
• Change attributes of a user account – chuser
• Remove a user account – rmuser
• List user attributes – lsuser
• Change user password – passwd
* NOTE: Attributes of a user are not documented in the VIOS command reference
for mkuser but they are documented on the chuser command
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View VIOS Logs
• View VIOS error log: errlog
• View VIOS error log one page at a time with details: errlog -ls | more
• Clear messages from the VIOS error log: errlog –rm <Days>
• View install log: cat install.log | more
• View command log: cat ioscli.log
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VIOS Menu Interface - cfgassist
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Backing up VIOS
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Backup Process and Options
• Backup has a couple of options
• Backup VIOS configuration to a file in VIOS (viosbr)• User-defined virtual resources
• Used for restoring to the same VIOS partition from which it was backed up
• Backup VIOS running environment (backupios)• Base code, fix packs, custom device drivers, and some user-defined metatdata
• backupios target can be a:
• Tape
• DVD-RAM
• File (File server, NIM server, etc.)
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backupios command overview
• The backupios command creates a backup of the Virtual I/O Server and places it onto a file system, bootable tape, or DVD.
• Use it to reinstall a system to its original state if it has been corrupted.
• IBM Knowledge Center:• https://www-01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/8286-42A/p8hb1/p8hb1_vios_backup_backup.htm
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viosbr command overview
• viosbr -backup -file <FileName>
• backs up: • Logical devices
• storage pools, file-backed storage pools, the virtual media repository, and PowerVM Active Memory Sharing (AMS) paging devices.
• Virtual devices• Etherchannel, shared Ethernet adapters (SEAs), virtual server adapters, and server virtual
fibre channel (SVFC) adapters.
• Includes the device attributes
• To the /home/padmin directory
• After recovering VIOS, restore configuration with following command• viosbr –restore –file <FileName>
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When Should I Backup VIOS?
• Backup VIOS
• After initial install and configuration
• Before and After a VIOS update or upgrade
• After virtual devices or physical adapters are added / changed
• Monthly or quarterly in case you forgot to backup after making changes
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File Management
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VIOS File Systems
• VIOS is installed in several file systems and the available storage for each file system may need to be modified to ensure you have enough storage for files and data
• Service packs and fixes for VIOS
• File sets, products etc. that you will install on the client LPARs
• Available storage can be displayed on all mounted file systems with the df command
• displayed as number of 512-byte blocks
• to display in GBs, use df –g
• command can be run from VIOS or the root shell
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Viewing Storage Usage
• Iused = Inodes Used
• An inode is a data structure used to store file attributes for all files
• If Inode Used = 100%, you won’t be able to create more files in the file system
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Changing the Size of a File System
• Increase or decrease file system storage with the chfs command
• Example: increase size of file system mounted on /home by 2GB
• chfs –a size=+2G /home
• The chfs command must be run from the unrestricted shell
• oem_setup_env (to enter unrestricted shell)
• Increasing the size of a file system will increase the number of inodes available in that file system
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Monitoring
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VIOS Monitoring Tools
• VIOS Performance Advisor
– Monitors VIOS and provides a health check report
– Recommends configuration changes or areas to investigate
– Packaged as part of VIOS Version 2.2.2 and beyond
• IBM iDoctor for i – VIOS Investigator
– Collection of storage metrics using topas_nmon data with import into iDoctor
– iDoctor analysis produces reports/graphs on VIOS storage performance
– Disk storage mapping is available between IBM i disks and VIOS disks
– Both Virtual SCSI and NPIV are now supported
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Performance Advisor: How does it work?
• Polls key performance metrics for over a period of time• Analyzes the data• Produces an XML formatted report for viewing in a browser• “part” command is available in VIOS restricted shell
– (Performance Analysis and Reporting Tool).
• “part” command can be executed in two different modes– Monitoring Mode (actually uses nmon recording now)– Post Processing nmon Recording Mode
• The final report along with the supporting files are bundled together in a “tar” formatted file
• Users can download and extract it to their PC or machines with browser installed to view the reports in a browser.
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Transfer and view report
Monitoring Mode: 5 to 60 minutes
IBM Virtual I/O Server
login: padmin
$ part -i 30
IBM Virtual I/O Server
login: padmin
$ part -f vio1_130915_1205.nmon
Post-processing nmon recording
Transfer the generated tar file to
a machine with browser support
Extract the tar file
Load *.xml file in browser
Collect data
- or -
VIOS Performance Advisor: Process
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VIOS Performance Advisor: Browser view
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VIOS Performance Advisor: IO total and disks
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FC utilization
based on peak
IOPS rates
VIOS Performance Advisor: FC details
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“part” command$ part -?
usage: part {-i INTERVAL | -f FILENAME} [-t LEVEL] [--help|-?]
-i <minutes> interval can range between 10-60
-f <file> any nmon recording
-t <level> 1 - Basic logging, 2 - Detailed logging
-? usage message
-f filename
Specifies the nmon recording to be analyzed by the part command and generates advisory reports based on the recording.
-i Interval
Specifies the duration for which the part command must monitor the VIOS and generate advisories based on it.
-t level
Specifies the trace level, which is either 1 or 2 for basic, detailed tracing, and logging facility respectively.
Note: Options -i and -f are mutually exclusive.
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iDoctor VIOS Investigator – Start Data Collection menu in GUI
• First add VIOS partitions to the iDoctor connection list
• Use this wizard to start an NMON collection via iDoctor GUI
• SSH 2.0+ must be installed on the VIOS.
• The user id must be authorized to run topas_nmon
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Disk Mapping Detail
NPIV
VSCSI
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Disk path rankings graph (requires Disk Mapping)
• Example showing I/O rates per IBM i unit/resource name
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Analyzing NPIV: Advanced graphs example - Total writes [VFC]
• Advanced graphs show a single metric on each Y axis
• Example: Show each virtual fibre channel adapter mapped to the same physical port. Identify who is using the physical resource.
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https://facebook.com/IBMPowerSystems
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IBM Power Systems Official Channels:
http://www.youtube.com/c/ibmpowersystems
https://www.ibm.com/blogs/systems/topics/servers/power-
systems/
Power Systems Social Media
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More to Follow:
Blogs to Follow More to Follow Hashtags To Use
• IBM Systems Magazine You and I (Steve Will)
• IBM Systems Magazine i-Can (Dawn May)
• IBM Systems Magazine: iDevelop (Jon Paris and
Susan Gantner)
• IBM Systems Magazine: iTalk with Tuohy
• IBM DB2 for i (Mike Cain)
• IBM DB2 Web Query for i (Doug Mack)
@IBMSystems@COMMONug
@IBMChampions@IBMSystemsISVs
@LinuxIBMMag@OpenPOWERorg
@AIXMag@IBMiMag
@SAPonIBMi@SiDforIBMi
@IBMAIXeSupp@IBMAIXdoc
#PowerSystems
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