4 types of computer

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Types of computer

Type ofcomputer

Digitalcomputer

MicroComputer

Desktop PC LaptopsHandheldDevices

Main FrameComputer

Dumb

Terminal

Intelligent

Terminal

SuperComputer

MiniComputer

Analogcomputer

HybridComputer


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Analog computer

Analog computer measures and answer the questionsby the method of HOW MUCH. The input data isnot a number infect a physical quantity liketemperature, pressure, speed, velocity.

An analog computer is a form of computer that usesthe continuously-changeable aspects of physical

phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, orhydraulic quantities to model the problem beingsolved.


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Analog computer

i. Signals arecontinuous of (0 to10 V)

ii. Accuracy 1%

Approximatelyiii. High speediv. Output is continuousv. Time is wasted in

transmission time


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Hybrid Computer Hybrid computers are computers that exhibit

features of analog computers and digitalcomputers.

The digital component normally serves as the

controller and provides logical operations, whilethe analog component normally serves as a solverof differential equations.

Some old hybrid computer system was HRS-100,

-100, GVS-100.


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Types of Digital Computer

Micro Computer

Mini Computer

Mainframe Super Computer


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Micro Computer

Micro computer are the smallest

computer system. There size range

from calculator to desktop size. ItsCPU is microprocessor. It also

known as Grand child Computer.

Application : - personal computer,

Multi user system, offices.


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Micro Computer

They brought revolution in the history of computers.

They are cheap and user friendly.

They are having limited peripherals attached to them.

They are used as desktops either in offices or evenhomes.

Most popular micro computers processing chipmanufacturing company is Intel.

Examples are : Desktop PC, Laptop, Handhelddevices.


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Desktop PC

A desktop PC is the most popular model

of PCs

It is widely used in homes and offices.

There are various Components of

Desktop PC like Monitor, Keyboard,

Mouse, Printer, Random Access Memory,Scanner, Hard Disk.


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Laptops

Laptops are Small microcomputers that can

easily fit inside a brief case. Laptops are very useful ,When going on

long journeys.

Memory and Storage capacity of a laptoplike a desktop.

Laptops are more expensive than desktopcomputer.


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Handheld Devices

Handheld Devices are small in size (Small

Screen, small Keyboard).

Handheld devices are Personal digital

assistants(PDA) ,cellular phone.

PDA offer a collection of application software

for word Processing, spread sheets, games. Cellular phone provide the telephone capability.


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Mainframe Computers

Mainframe computers are those computers thatoffer faster processing and greater storagearea.

ApplicationHost computer, Central database server.

They are big computer systems sensitive to

temperature, humidity, dust etc. Qualified & trained operators are required to

operate them.


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Mainframe Computer

They have wide range of peripherals attached.

They have large storage capacity.

They can use wide variety of software. They are not user friendly.

They can be used for more mathematical

calculations.

They are installed in large commercial places or

government organizations like banks, airline and

university e.g. IBM S/390.


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Dumb Terminal and Intelligent Terminals

Dumb Terminals consist only monitor and akeyboard.

They do not have their own CPU and memory

and use mainframe systems CPU andstorage devices.

Intelligent Terminal have their own

processor and can perform some processingoperations.

They do not have their own storage space.


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Mini Computer

These are also small general purpose system.

They are generally more powerful and more

useful as compared to micro computer. Mini

computer are also known as mid range

computer or Child computer.

Application :- Departmental systems, Network

Servers, work group system.


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Mini Computer

Minicomputers fall in the range betweenMainframes and Microcomputers

They have less memory & storage capacity thanmainframe computers.

They offer limited range of peripherals.

Limited range of software can be used by them.

The end users can directly operate it.

They are not very sensitive to the externalenvironment and hence are more generalized.

They are used for data processing.


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Super Computer

Super computer are those computer which are

designed for scientific job like whether forecasting

and artificial intelligence etc. They are fastest and

expensive. A super computer contains a number ofCPU which operate in parallel to make it faster. It

also known as grand father computer.

Applicationweather forecasting, weapons research

and development, Online Banking, controllingindustrial units.


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Super Computer

They are huge computers installed in spacecenters, nuclear power stations etc.

They are used for performing complexmathematical calculations.

Only scientists and mathematicians can operatethem.

They are having huge memories & tremendous

processing speed. They are used for weather forecasting, animation

graphics etc.


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Super computer


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EKA (Supercomputer)

EKA is a supercomputer built by the

Computational Research Laboratories (a

subsidiary of Tata Sons) with technical assistance

and hardware provided by Hewlett-Packard. Eka means the number One in Sanskrit.

It was built within a short period of 6 weeks.

At the time of its debut, it was the 4th fastestsupercomputer in the world and the fastest in

Asia.


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Why does India need Super Computer? Supercomputers were considered a double edged weapon

capable of assisting in the development of nuclearweapons.

Cray supercomputers denied to give the supercomputertechnology to India as a result of a technology embargo.

Technology embargo is the partial or complete prohibitionof commerce and trade with a particular country, in order toisolate the country from that technology .

Embargoes are considered strong diplomatic measuresimposed in an effort, by US to India's government.


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For the purpose of achieving self sufficiency in

the field, the Centre for Development of

Advanced Computing (C-DAC) was set up in1988 by the Department of Electronics with

Dr. Vijay Bhatkar as its Director.

The project was given an initial run of 3 yearsand an initial funding of 30 Crore INR.

Because the same amount of money and time

was usually expended to purchase a

supercomputer from the US. In 1990, a

prototype was produced and it surpassed most

other systems, placing India second after US.


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Indian Supercomputer by CDAC

PARAM 8000

PARAM 8600

PARAM 9900/SS PARAM 10000

PARAM Padma

PARAM Yuva


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Param Supercomputer presence in

Internationally


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Worlds Fastest Supercomputer

As of June 2012, IBM Sequoia is the fastest inthe world.

Sequoia will be used primarily for nuclearweapons simulation, replacing the current BlueGene/L and ASC Purple supercomputers.

Sequoia will also be available for scientificpurposes such as energy, study of the humangenome, and climate change.

The entire supercomputer runs on Linux, withCompute Node Linux running on over 98,000nodes.


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Applications of Computer

Word Processing

Internet (large information, Email, Chat

software(facebook, Gtalk))

Digital Video Composition

Sports (Action Replay)

Music ,Movie Hospitals (check blood pressure, monitor

pulse rate,ECG)


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Weather Forecasting (detect the

Air,pressure,humidity)

Education (PowerPoint Presentation)

Online Banking (Internet Banking,ATM)

Robots

Games

4 types of computer

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