4 oracle rac database deployment-en
TRANSCRIPT
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Oracle RAC DatabaseDeployment
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Agenda Linux OS Installation
Linux OS Configuration
Oracle Grid Infrastructure
Oracle Database Software
RAC Database Creation
Manage RAC database
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Linux OS installation Version
RedHat Enterprise Linux 5.8 x86_64
Hardware
Memory: 6G at least
Hard Disk: 500G
Network device: two network device each server
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Linux OS installation Skip Entering
InstallationNumber
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Linux OS installation Customize Hard
Disk partitions
Root partition
200G
Swap partition
32G
/u01: softwareinstallation directory
200G
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Linux OS installation The default
Installation ofRed HatEnterprise LinuxServer
Other requiredPackages can beinstalled aftercompleting OS
installation.
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Linux OS installation Disable
firewall
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Linux OS installation Disable SELinux
Since OracleDatabase 11g, it canbe installed whenenabling SELinux
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Linux OS Configuration Set up yum
Set shell resource limits
Verify Kernel parameters
Install required packages
Install asmlib packages
Customize Linux services
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Check OS resource Physical memory
#grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
#free
Swap space
# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
#swapona
Storage space
#dfh
#fdisk -l
OS architecture
#unamea
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Install required packages Install the following packages, all the 32-bit
packages listed are no longer required.
Check if the package is installed.#rpm -qa --qf %{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n | grep
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binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
gcc-4.1.2gcc-c++-4.1.2glibc-2.5-24glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit)glibc-headers-2.5ksh-20060214
libaio-0.3.106libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)libaio-devel-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)libgcc-4.1.2
libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc++-4.1.2libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc++-devel 4.1.2make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2unixODBC-2.2.11unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)
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Install required packages cons) If the package is not installed, then install it via yum
For example:#yum install elfutils-libelf-devel-3.el5-0.137.x86_64
#rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{release}-%{version}.%{arch}\n"|grep elfutils
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-3.el5-0.137.x86_64
elfutils-libelf-devel-3.el5-0.137.x86_64
# yum install gcc
# rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n" |grep '^gcc'
gcc-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64
# yum install gcc-c++
# rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n" |grep '^gcc'
gcc-c++-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64gcc-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64
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Verify kernel parameters Edit/modify /etc/sysctl.conf with the following
change fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.msgmni = 2878
kernel.msgmax = 8192
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.sysrq = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200
Take it effect : #sysctl p
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Create database user and group Create user and group
# groupadd -g 501 dba
# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
# groupad -g 502 asmadmin
# useradd -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin grid
# useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
Check user information # id grid
uid=500(grid) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(asmadmin)
# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
Set password for the user #passwd oracle
#passwd grid
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Creating Installation directory# mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/# chmod -R 775 /u01
When installing grid infrastructure, the installer will modifythe attributes of /u01/app/11.2.0/grid.
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Shell resource limits Sets shell limits if necessary to required values.
oracle soft nofile 131072 -- the maximum number of open file descriptors
oracle hard nofile 131072
oracle soft nproc 131072 -- the maximum number of user processes
oracle hard nproc 131072
oracle soft core unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
oracle soft memlock 3500000 -- the maximum size a process may lock into memory oracle hard memlock 3500000
oracle soft stack 32768
oracle hard stack 32768
grid soft nofile 131072 -- the maximum number of open file descriptors
grid hard nofile 131072
grid soft nproc 131072 -- the maximum number of user processes
grid hard nproc 131072
grid soft core unlimited
grid hard core unlimited
grid soft memlock 3500000 -- the maximum size a process may lock into memory
grid hard memlock 3500000
grid soft stack 32768
grid hard stack 32768
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Configuring security login Add the following line at the end of /etc/pam.d/login
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# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to
be executed in the user contextsession required pam_selinux.so opensession required pam_limits.so
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Install ASMlib Download ASMlib packages
ASMlib packages can be downloaded from oracle officialwebsite.http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.html
Install asmlib package# rpm -ivh oracleasm*
warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-308.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID1e5e0159
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [ 33%]
2:oracleasm-2.6.18-308.el########################################### [ 67%]
3:oracleasmlib
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http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.htmlhttp://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linux/asmlib/index-101839.html -
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Network Time Protocol Setting Cluster Time Synchronization Service
Oracle clusterware requires the same time zone setting on all clusternodes. We have two options for time synchronization:
Network time protocol(NTP)
Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service.
Stop NTP service # /sbin/service ntpd stop
# chkconfig ntpd off
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.old
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Customize Linux Sevices Stop the following servies
# chkconfig --level 345 cups off
# chkconfig --level 345 avahi-daemon off
# chkconfig --level 345 cpuspeed off
# chkconfig --level 345 hidd off
# chkconfig --level 345 hplip off
# chkconfig --level 345 iscsi off
# chkconfig --level 345 iscsid off # chkconfig --level 345 isdn off
# chkconfig --level 345 pcscd
# chkconfig --level 345 pcscd off
# chkconfig --level 345 rhnsd off
# chkconfig --level 345 sendmail off
# chkconfig --level 345 smartd off
# chkconfig --level 345 kudzu off
# chkconfig --level 345 iptables off
# chkconfig --level 345 ip6tables off
#chkconfig --level 345 bluetooth
#chkconfig --level 345 yum-updatesd
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Set Environment variables Edit .bash_profile in the user home directory
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=
ORACLE_SID=
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_HOME
export ORACLE_SID
export PATH
Based on different user, set ORACLE_* variables todifferent values.
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Grid Infrastructure Installation
RAC network setting
Configure ssh equivalence
Configure Oracleasm
Set up Grid Infrastructure
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Network Setting Add the following to dns configuration file
192.168.20.101 racbox1.nom.com racbox1
192.168.20.102 racbox2.nom.com racbox2
172.16.20.101 racbox1-priv.nom.com racbox1-priv
172.16.20.102 racbox2-priv.nom.com racbox2-priv
192.168.20.121 racbox1-vip.nom.com racbox1-vip
192.168.20.122 racbox2-vip.nom.com racbox2-vip
192.168.20.201 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan
192.168.20.202 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan
192.168.20.203 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan
In the above example, the sub network 192.168.20.xxx isused for public network, and 172.16.20.xxx is used forprivate network.
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Configure ssh equivalence Generate ssh keys
[oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh-keygen t rsa
[oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh-keygen t dsa
[oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh racbox2
[oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh-keygen t rsa
[oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh-keygen t dsa
Copy and transfer ssh keys [oracle@racbox2 ]$ cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_*.pub >/home/oracle/.ssh/ authorized_keys [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_*.pub>>/home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys
[oracle@racbox2 ]$ scp /home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys racbox1:/home/oracle/.ssh/
Verify ssh equivalence [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox2
[oracle@racbox2 ]$ exit
[oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox1 [oracle@racbox1]$ ssh racbox1
[oracle@racbox1]$ exit
[oracle@racbox1 ]$ssh racbox2
[oracle@racbox2 ]$
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Configure Oracleasm Create asmlib device
# service oracleasm createdisk 'RACOVD' /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "RACOVD" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
# service oracleasm createdisk 'RACDATA' /dev/sdc1
Marking disk "RACDATA" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
# service oracleasm createdisk 'RACDFRA' /dev/sdd1
Marking disk "RACDFRA" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
List asmlib devices # service oracleasm listdisks;
RACDATA
RACDFRA
RACOVD
Scan asmlib devices
#service oracleasm scandisks
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Configure Oracleasm conts) Configure oracleasm
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting without typing an answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
Specify default user and group for asmlib devices:
grid and asmadmin
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Perform pre-installation check$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node-fixup verbose
where node is a comma-delimited list of nodes you want tomake cluster members:
For example:
$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup -verbose
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Login as grid user
$ pwd
/home/grid/grid
$ ./runInstaller
Select skip softwareupdates
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Install and
configureOracle GridInfrastructurefor a cluster.
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure SelectAdvanced
Installation
which gives moreflexibility on gridconfiguration
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Select languages
in which yourproduct will run.
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Input cluster
name and scanname. The scanname must beresolved by dns.
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Add all the
other clusternodes.
Test sshconnectivity
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Specify the
networkinterface type:
Public
private
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Configure OCR
and voting diskfiles on OracleASM storage.
Then clicknext
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Create ASM disk
group for ocr andvoting disk files.
After creation,
click next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Specify ASM
password
Use samepassword forsys/asmsnmp
accounts.
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure
Do not useIntelligent PlatformManagementInterface(IPMI)
Then clicknext
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Specify privileged
operating systemgroup for ASMinstance
dba:
asmadmin:
Then click next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure
Specifyinstallationlocation
Then clicknext
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Set up Grid Infrastructure
Specify Inventorylocation
Then click
next
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Perform
prerequisitchecks
If it passed,
then clicknext
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Configuration
summary
If correct, thenclickinstall
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Install grid
infrastructuresoftware
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Set up Grid Infrastructure Execute
configurationscripts from allcluster nodes.
Then clickokand continueinstalling.
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Set up Grid Infrastructure The installation of
Oracle GridInfrastructure for acluster wassuccessful.
Click finishtocompeteinstallation
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Check ASM disk group Login as grid
user
Run asmcacommand
$ asmca
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Create data disk group conts)
the disk groupcreatedsuccessfully.
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Create FRA disk group Create FRA diskgroup as the
same as datadisk group
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Install Oracle database
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Installing Database Login as oracleuser
Run the script
$./runInstaller
Uncheck I wishto receive securityupdates via MyOracle Support.
Then click next
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Installing Database Skip software
updates
Then click
next
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Installing Database Install database
software only
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Installing Database Select the
languages inwhich yoursoftware willrun.
Then click
next
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Installing Database Select Database
edition:
Enterprise edition
Then click
next
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Installing Database
Specify installationlocation
Then click
next
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Installing Database
Specify privilegedoperating systemgroups
dba: OSDBA
Then click
next
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Installing Database
Performprerequisitechecks
If successful,then click
next
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Installing Database Database
configurationsummary
Then click
install
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Installing Database Installdatabase
product
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Installing Database Executeconfiguration
scripts
Then clickOK
and continue toinstall
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Installing Database
Click closeand completeinstallation
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Creating RAC database Login as oracleuser
Then run dbcacommand
Select oracle
Real ApplicationClusterdatabase
Click next
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Creating RAC database Select create aDatabase
Then click
next
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Creating RAC database Database template:General purpose or
transactionprocessing
Then click next
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Creating RAC database
Specify databasename
Select nodes forcluster database
Then click next
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Creating RAC database
Configuredatabase controlfor localmanagement
Then click next
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Creating RAC database
Use the sameAdministrativepassword for allaccounts
Then click
next
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Creating RAC database
Specify storagetype and locationsfor database files
Use Oracle-Managed files
Then click next
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Creating RAC database
Enter asmpassword
Then clickok
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Creating RAC database
Specify FRAlocation andenablearchiving
Then click
next
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Creating RAC database
Select sampleschemas
Then click next
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Creating RAC database
Specify databasecharacter set
Adjust otherparameters aftercompletion.
Then clicknext
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Creating RAC database
Database storage:
accept the defaultsetting
Then clicknext
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Creating RAC database Click finishand
start to create racdatabase
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Creating RAC database Once database
creationcomplete,then click exit
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Manage RAC database
Oracle Clusterware Controlcrsctl
Server control untility
srvctl
Use the database console
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Oracle Clusterware Control --crsctl
Login as grid user Check the status of cluster
$crsctl status rest
$crsctl check cluster
Start/stop cluster
$crsctl start cluster
$crsctl stop cluster
$crsctl start crs
$crsctl stop crs
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Server Control Utility--srvctl Login as oracle user Start RAC database
$srvctl start databased
$srvctl start asmn
Stop RAC database $srvctl stop databased
$srvctl stop asmn
Eg:
$srvctl start database d racdb
$srvctl stop database d racdb
.
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Database Control
Monitor thecluster
Eg: the clustername is
racdb
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Database Control
Monitor theschema ofRAC database
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Database Control
Monitor instancesof the cluster
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Database Control
Monitor the homepage of databaseinstance
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Database Control
Monitor Memoryusage of databaseinstance
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Gracias