4 land surveys

7/25/2019 4 Land Surveys

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LAND SURVEYS, SITELOCATION AND MAPREADING

(4 hours)

Speaker : Engr. Merlit Ca!trCatli"PRC Accredited Speaker No. 071

Real Estate Broker/Appraiser /Consultant


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#$AT IS GEODETICENGINEERING %

GEODETIC ENGINEERING LAW (RA 8560)

AN ACT REGULATING T$E PRACTICE O& GEODETINCENGINEERING IN T$E P$ILIPPINES

The pra"ti"e ' Ge(eti" Engineeringis a professiona an! or"ani#e! a$% of"a%herin" ph&si$a !a%a on %he surfa$e of

%he ear%h 'i%h %he use of pre"i!inin!tr)*ent!.


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/our$e

h%%p11'''2ooresa&2$o2n#1su!i3isionpan


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#$Y IS IT IMPORTANT &OR+ROERS TO NO# +ASIC

LAND SURVEYING % Rea Es%a%e .roers nee! %o no' asi$ sur3e&in"

Three eeen%s of spa$e in sur3e&in" Car!ina !ire$%ion in sur3e&in"

o' Rea 7roper%& !es$rie!

Wha% are %he !ieren% in!s of an! sur3e&

Rea! aps9 +ap s&os /$aeTopo"raphi$ aps Ipor%an% infora%ions in a ap9


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DE&INITION O& SURVEYINGTERMS

WAT I/ LAND /:R;E


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COMMON SURVEYING TERMS&OR REAL ESTATE +ROERS +ROERS

Ca(a!tral S)re/ , $rea%es or re>es%aishes*ars* an! !e-nes oun!aries of %ra$%s ofan!s2

$e"tare0 ?0*000 !1)are *eter!

il*eter 2k*3 , ?*000 e%ers

Meri(ian (or line ' lngit)(e)0 %rue nor%han! sou%h ine e@%en!in" fro an ini%ia poin% ino%h !ire$%ion


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Tr)e Meri(ian 0 Line or pane passin" %hrou"h "eo"raphi$anor%h poe an! "eo"raphi$a sou%h poe Ante *eri(ie* % 2'r* Latin Meri(ie! r *i(4(a/3

P!t *eri(ie* %

Magneti" Meri(ian! 0 is an ia"inar& ine $onne$%in" %hea"ne%i$ sou%h an! nor%h poes an! $an e %aen as %hea"ne%i$ for$e ines aon" %he surfa$e of %he ear%h2

Magneti" De"linatin 0 an"e e%'een %he a"ne%i$ an!%he %rue eri!ian

Mete! an( +)n(! 0 A $oon e%ho! of an!!es$rip%ion %ha% i!en%i-es a proper%& & spe$if&in" %he shapean! oun!ar& !iensions of %he par$e* usin" %erina poin%san! an"es2


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Original S)re/ 0 $a!as%ra sur3e& 'hi$h $rea%es an! oun!ariesan! ars %he for %he -rs% %ie

Plat0 A sur3e&e! ap of a %o'n* se$%ion* or su!i3ision in!i$a%in"%he e@a$% o$a%ions an! oun!aries of in!i3i!ua proper%ies* s%ree%s*

easeen%s* an! pui$ re$rea%ion areas2

Set5a"k0 6ningres%ri$%ions on %he aoun% of are an! reuire!surroun!in" ipro3een%sB %he aoun% of spa$e reuire! e%'een%he o% ine an! %he ui!in" ine

S)5(ii!in 0 Lan! %ha% has een !i3i!e! & %he o'ner(!)5(ii(er) in%o in!i3i!ua par$es or o%s 'hi$h ha3e een"roupe! in%o o$s2 These o%s* %o"e%her 'i%h s%ree%s* ae&s* pars*s$hoos* panne! $oer$ia areas* an! pui$ u%ii%& easeen%s*are re$or!e! on a plat


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S)re/ 0 The pro$ess & 'hi$h oun!aries are easure! an! %heo$a%ions or fors of an! areas are !e%erine!

Ea!e*ent0 areas of an! o'ne! & %he proper%& o'ner* u% in 'hi$ho%her par%ies* su$h as u%ii%& $opanies* a& ha3e ii%e! ri"h%s "ran%e!

for a spe$i-$ purpose2

Rig7t4'48a/ 0 a par$e of an! "ran%e! & !ee! or easeen% for$ons%ru$%ion an! ain%enan$e a$$or!in" %o a !esi"na%e! use2 This a&in$u!e hi"h'a&s* s%ree%s* $anas* !i%$hes* or o%her uses

Latit)(e0 A easure of rea%i3e posi%ion nor%h or sou%h on %he Ear%hssurfa$e* easure! in !e"rees fro %he eua%or* 'hi$h has a a%i%u!e of 0*'i%h %he poes ha3in" a a%i%u!e of 0 nor%h an! sou%h

Lngit)(e 0 is a "eo"raphi$ $oor!ina%e %ha% spe$i-es %he eas%>'es%posi%ion of a poin% on %he Ear%hs surfa$e


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Pri*e Meri(ian 0 %he on"i%u!e %ha% passes %hrou"h %heRo&a Oser3a%or&* Green'i$h* En"an!* es%aishes %heposi%ion of #ero !e"rees on"i%u!e2

Mean Sea Leel 0is a easure of %he a3era"e hei"h% of %he

o$eans surfa$e (su$h as %he haf'a& poin% e%'een %he eanhi"h %i!e an! %he ean o' %i!e)

Dat)*0 is a referen$e fro 'hi$h easureen%s are a!e

Cnt)r Line! 0 a ine on a ap Foinin" poin%s of eua

hei"h% ao3e or eo' sea e3e Tpgrap7i" Map 0 is a %&pe of ap $hara$%eri#e! & ar"e>

s$ae !e%ai an! uan%i%a%i3e represen%a%ion of reief


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Sa*ple Cnt)r Line!


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$8 t Deter*ine EleatinU!ing Tpgrap7i" Map

in! %he o$a%ion of %he poin% in %he ap Loo for %he In!e@ Con%our in! %he ee3a%ion De%erine %he !ire$%ion of %he sope Coun% %he $on%our in%er3as In%erpoa%e

h%%p11rai!er2oun%union2e!u1H$nau"a1

%opo"raphi$J0aps1$on%our2h%
http://raider.mountunion.edu/~mcnaugma/http://raider.mountunion.edu/~mcnaugma/


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COMMON SURVEYING TERMS &ORREAL ESTATE +ROERS +ROERS

+earing!0 .earin"s are use! %o in!i$a%e an"uarorien%a%ion 'i%h respe$% %o %he ear%h

+en"7*ark 0 A sur3e& ar a!e on a

monumentha3in" a no'n o$a%ion an! ee3a%ion*ser3in" as a referen$e poin% for sur3e&in"2

Tie Line 0 A sur3e& ine %ha% $onne$%s a poin% %oo%her sur3e&e! ines

Prpert/ Line 0 !es$ries %he e"a oun!ar& ofa par$e of an!

+LLM0 +)rea) ' Lan(! L"atin Mn)*ent


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TCT 0 Tran!'er Certi9"ate ' Title

OCT0 Original Certi9"ate ' Title

&ree4Patent 0 is a e"i%ia%e proof of o'nership of

pui$ an! in %he 7hiippines "ran%e! & %he 7hiippine"o3ernen%2 I% is an a"reeen% e%'een %he"o3ernen% an! %he grantee* %ha% he or she is $har"e!of !e3eopin" %he an! 'i%hin a spe$i-e! perio! of %ie2

Cn!li(atin an( S)5(ii!in S)re/ 0 an!sur3e& of ore %han %'o $on%i"uous o%s er"in" %ofor a sin"e o%* an! a sin"e o% su!i3i!e! in%o %'o orore o%s* respe$%i3e&2


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CAD0 Ca!as%ra /ur3e&

C!( 0 su!i3ision sur3e& of Ca!as%ra Lo%

P!( 0 su!i3ision sur3e& of a %i%e! proper%ies2 A Psdsur3e&s are $on!u$%e! & a 7ri3a%e Geo!e%i$ En"ineer

+!( > Is a su!i3ision sur3e& on "o3ernen% %i%e! proper%ies$on!u$%e! & a Go3ernen% Geo!e%i$ En"ineer2 If a pri3a%e%i%e! an! is ein" sur3e&e! & a Go3ernen% Geo!e%i$En"ineer %hru $our% or!er* %he resu%in" sur3e& is aBsd2

P!) > is a sur3e& on ori"ina an! (no% &e% sur3e&e!) & apri3a%e Geo!e%i$ En"ineer2 This in! of sur3e& 'i e use! &%i%in" %hru Fu!i$ia pro$ee!in"s (eans %hru $our% or!er)2

&P> ree 7a%en% sur3e& & a 7ri3a%e Geo!e%i$ En"ineer


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Triang)latin, a series of $onne$%e! %rian"es 'hi$ha!Foin or o3erap ea$h o%her* 'i%h an"es ein"easure! fro !e%erine! -@e! s%a%ions

Trilateratin 0 uses ee$%roni$ !is%an$e easurin"

euiA+en% %o !ire$%& easure %he en"%hs of %he si!esof %rian"es fro 'hi$h %he an"es $an e $a$ua%e!

Traer!e0 $onsis%s of a series of ines* 'hose en"%hsan! !ire$%ions are easure!* $onne$%in" poin%s 'hose

posi%ions are %o e !e%erine! pen traer!e e"ins a% a poin% of no'n posi%ion an! en!s a% a

s%a%ion 'hose rea%i3e posi%ion is unno'n2

"l!e( traer!e e"ins an! en!s a% %he sae poin% 'hose posi%ion isno'n


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Leeling is %he opera%ion of !e%erinin"!ieren$es of ee3a%ion & easurin" 3er%i$a!is%an$es !ire$%& on a "ra!ua%e! ro! 'i%h %he useof a e3ein" ins%ruen% su$h as a !up& e3e*

%ransi% or Theo!oi%es2 This e%ho! is $ae! Dire"tLeeling r Dierential leeling

In(ire"t leeling $an e !one usin" %he prin$ipe%ha% !ieren$es in ee3a%ion are propor%iona %o %he

!ieren$es in a%ospheri$ pressure

Ra(iatinis a sur3e&in" %e$hniue of%en use! in$onFun$%ion 'i%h a pane %ae


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Ttal Statin


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Tra(itinal Tran!it


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LAND SURVEYS

OR REAL E/TATE .RO=ER/


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Lan( S)re/ing

is %he !"ien"e an( art of ain" a essen%iaeasureen%s %o !e%erine %he rea%i3e posi%ion ofpoin%s or ph&si$a an! $u%ura !e%ais a5e, n, r5eneat7 %he surfa$e of %he Ear%h* an! %o !epi$% %he ina usae for* or %o es%aish %he posi%ion of poin%s* or

!e%ais2

S)re/ing U!e! : Mat7e*ati"! Ge*etr/

Trign*etr/ P7/!i"! Engineering La8


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T#O TYPES O& SURVEY

Plane !)re/ing 0$onsi!ers %he ear%h %o e a

Ka% surfa$e>> a plane Ge(eti" !)re/ing 0

%aes in%o a$$oun% %he %rueshape of %he ear%h2


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Detaile( Engineering:These are $arrie! for engineeringfeasiii%&s%u!ies* "roun! %errain ana&sis* !esi"n pannin"

an! !urin" a$%ua $ons%ru$%ion phase2

Topo"raphi$ /ur3e& Con%our +appin"

&!ro"raphi$ /ur3e& Cons%ru$%ion La&ou% i"h'a& .ri!"e Desi"n /ur3e& As>ui% Cons%ru$%ion /ur3e&

TYPES O& SURVEYINGACCORDING TO USE


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Gr)n( CntrlE!ta5li!7*ent :

These are $arrie! in sur3e&s %ha% reuire a hi"h !e"ree ofa$$ura$& 'i%h re"ar!s %o o%h rea%i3e an! asou%e"eo!e%i$ posi%ion2

G7/ Geo!e%i$ Con%ro /ur3e& ;er%i$a Con%ro Le3ein"


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Prpert/ +)n(ar/ :

These sur3e&s are $arrie! priari& %o !e%erine an!es%aish %he legal 5)n(ar/ of rea proper%ies2

Ca!as%ra /ur3e&

7ar$ear& /ur3e&

/u!i3ision Consoi!a%ion/ur3e&

.oun!ar& Reo$a%ion /ur3e&


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R)te Align*ent :

These ser3i$es are reuire! !urin" %he(e!ign ; a"t)al "n!tr)"tin ' ra(

align*ent an! ri3er eanen%s%ru$%ures %o !e%erine %he $on!i%ion of%he e@is%in" %errain2

Roa! Ai"nen% 7ro-e Cross>/e$%ion /ur3e& Ri3er /ur3e&



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T$REE ELEMENTS O&SPACE IN SURVEYING

DISTANCE 0 %he e@%en% or aoun% ofspa$e e%'een %'o %hin"s* poin%s*ines* e%$2

DIRECTION 0 a posi%ion on a inee@%en!in" fro a spe$i-$ poin% %o'ar!a poin% of %he $opass or %o'ar! %hena!ir or %he #eni%h

ELEVATION 0 hei"h% ao3e a -@e!referen$e poin%
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/zenithhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/zenith


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&OUR CARDINALPOINTS IN SURVEYING

NORT$

SOUT$ EAST

#EST


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ROUG$ DISTANCEMEASUREMENT

PACING Distance = Pace factor Number of

Paces


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Deter*ine /)r Pa"e&a"tr$*e8rk:

A Rea Es%a%e .roer 'ae! aon" a "i3en s%rai"h%ine in a hori#on%a "roun! %ha% 'as kn8n t 5e


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Ot7er #a/! t Mea!)reDi!tan"e!

Taping E1)iAMent! "li!i*eter Tran!it, r Leel? an( !ta(ia

Ttal Statin EDM


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THE MEASR!N" #HEE$

A sipe easurin" 'hee oun%e!on a ro! $an e use! %o !e%erine!is%an$es* & pushin" %he ro! an!roin" %he 'hee aon" %he ine %o eeasure!2

An a%%a$he! !e3i$e $ae! anodo%eter serves to count t&enu%'er o( turns of the wheels

ro %he no'n $ir$uferen$e of %he'hee an! %he nuer of re3ou%ions*!is%an$es for re$onnaissan$e $an e

!e%erine! 'i%h rea%i3e a$$ura$& ofaou% ?J002


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@ MINUTES +REA


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#$AT IS A COMPASS %

#$AT IS A COMPASS9 is a naigatinal in!tr)*ent %ha% easures !ire$%ions in

a 'ra*e ' re'eren"e %ha% is s%a%ionar& rea%i3e %o %hesurfa$e of %he ear%h

The frae of referen$e !e-nes %he four cardinal directions

(orpoints

) nor%h* sou%h* eas%* an! 'es%2 In%ere!ia%e !ire$%ions are aso !e-ne!2 a !ia"ra $ae! a $opass rose* 'hi$h sho's %he !ire$%ions

('i%h %heir naes usua& are3ia%e! %o ini%ias)* is are!on %he $opass2
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_directionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass_rosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass_rosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_direction


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An iP7ne "an5e )!e( a! a

gelgi"al"*pa!!5e"a)!e ' t7e

B4ai!te!la*eter an(B4ai!

a""eler*eterin!i(e it


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#$Y IS IT NECESSARY TO NO#$O# TO USE A COMPASS

Wha% is a $opass sur3e&92+ONUS PRESENTATION&OR YOUR IN&O STUDY

LATER )

It i! )!e( 'r /) t 9n( nrt7. T7e arr8t7at !ta/! in a (ire"tin pint! nrt7 .

Can )!e( 'r rienting a *ap

Can 5e )!e t 9n( (ire"tin

Can 5e )!e t 9n( l"atin
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/Compass%20surveying.pptxhttp://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/Compass%20surveying.pptx


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ORIENTING A MAPOrien%in"* or ai"nin"* %heap is rea& eas& 8it7 )!tB !tep!:

La/ /)r *ap ou% on area%i3e& Ka%* soo%h

surfa$e2

Turn &our !e$ina%ion>a!Fus%e! $opass !ia so!ue Nor%h is a% %he in!e@poin%er2

Pla"e /)r "*pa!! n/)r *ap 'i%h %he e!"e of%he ase pa%e parae %o%he nor%h>sou%h eri!ianson %he ap2


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$O# TO &IND TRUE NORT$#IT$OUT A COMPASS

T7e S7a(84Tip Met7(

@. Pla"e a !ti"k )prig7t in t7e gr)n( ! t7at /) "an !ee it! !7a(8.A%erna%i3e&* &ou $an use%he sha!o' of a -@e! oFe$%2 Near& an& oFe$% 'i 'or* u% %he %aer %he oFe$% is* %he easier i% 'ie %o see %he o3een% of i%s sha!o'* an! %he narro'er %he %ip of %he oFe$% is* %he ore a$$ura%e %herea!in" 'i e2 +ae sure %he sha!o' is $as% on a e3e* rush>free spo%2

F. Mark t7e tip ' t7e !7a(8 8it7 a !*all 5e"t, !)"7 a! a pe55le, r a (i!tin"t !"rat"7 in t7e

gr)n(.Tr& %o ae %he ar as sa as possie so as %o pinpoin% %he sha!o's %ip* u% ae sure&ou $an i!en%if& %he ar a%er2

B. #ait @=4@ *in)te!2 The sha!o' %ip 'i o3e os%& fro 'es% %o eas% in a $ur3e! ine2

. Mark t7e ne8 p!itin ' t7e !7a(8H! tip 8it7 ant7er !*all 5e"t r !"rat"7. I% 'i ie&o3e on& a shor% !is%an$e2

. Dra8 a !traig7t line in t7e gr)n( 5et8een t7e t8 *ark!. This is an appro@ia%e eas%>'es%ine2


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#7at i! Latit)(e an( Lngit)(e

Line! ' Latit)(e

Line! 'Lngit)(e

E@ape Eua%or , Q0 a%i%u!e

- Aso $ae! Qere!ian- Q0 Q Lon"i%u!e passes a% Green'i$h*

En"an! (& $on3en%ion)


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#7/ Orient a Map%

If &ou no' 'here &ou are on %he ap* /)!7)l( 5e a5le t lk in an/ (ire"tin an(!ee t7e 5e"t! repre!ente( n t7e *ap int7e !a*e (ire"tin2

If &ou $an see a no'n oun%ain in one!ire$%ion an! a ae o ano%her 'a&* %hen Fus%a& %he ap ou%* an! %urn i% so %he$orrespon!in" ars on %he ap ai"n 'i%h %he!is%an% fea%ures2


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SITE LOCATION

USING A RULER &IND T$E


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USING A RULER &IND T$E&ASTEST #AY TO MEASURE

T$E $EIG$T O& T$E STOREY+UILDING%


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DE&INITION O& TERMS

LAND0 %he Ear%hs surfa$e e@%en!in" !o'n'ar! %o %he $en%er of %heEar%h an! up'ar! %o in-ni%&* in$u!in" peranen%& a%%a$he! na%uraoFe$%s2

SITE0 a par$e of an! 'hi$h ipro3e! %o %he e@%en% %ha% i% is rea!&for use for %he purpose of 'hi$h i% is in%en!e!

LOT0 is a %ra$% or par$e of an! o'ne! or ean% %o e o'ne! &soe o'ner(s)* 'i%h !o$uen%e! !e-ne! oun!aries (or or!ers)

LOCATION 0 an e$onoi$ $hara$%eris%i$ of rea es%a%e $opose! ofioii%&* $ons%an% $han"e* !epen!en$e* an! eeen%s of spe$ia!is%riu%ion

REAL ESTATEin$u!es e3er&%hin" in %he !e-ni%ion of Lan!* pus a%hin"s peranen%& a%%a$he! %o i% na%ura& or ar%i-$ia&2

REAL PROPERTYin$u!es Rea Es%a%e pus %he in%eres%s* 5ene9t!an( rig7t!au%oa%i$a& in$u!e! 'i%h %he o'nership of %he ReaEs%a%e > P!!e!!in* Cntrl* En/*ent* E"l)!in* an!Di!p!itin2


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IMPORTANT DATA NEEDED &ORSITE LOCATION

Dire"tin(:sin" in%erne%* e@ape Goo"eear%h)

Lo% 7an 1 ;i$ini%& +ap 1 Lo$a%ion +ap

+eans ofTranspor%a%ion A$$ess Roa!s1Rou%es Referen$e 7oin% (a!Fa$en% proper%ies 1 an!

ars) an! /pe$i-$ Dis%an$es* or Tie

rae Lan! :se Con%a$% persons

SOURCES O& DATA &OR SITE


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SOURCES O& DATA &OR SITELOCATION

/ur3e& +aps ;i$ini%& or Lo$a%ion +ap Ta@ ap

Lan! Ti%e /e%$h 7an O'ner O'nerSs A"en% In%erne% (ie Goo"e +ap) .aran"a&1 7uro OU$ias Nei"hors


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$O# TO IDENTI&Y PROPERTYIN A SITE LOCATION

Te"7ni"al Appra"7 .& reo$a%ion /ur3e&

La/*anJ! Appra"7 Dire$%ion of a

no'e!"eae person

Se*i4Skille( Appra"7

/e%$hin"17o%%in" 'i%h %he use of Copass an! Tape

An"uar es%ia%e an! 7a$in"

:se of a G7/


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$O# REAL PROPERTY ISDESCRI+ED

Mete! an( +)n( *et7( 0 a Poun!e! &P !es$rip%ion

U!e!0 appears in ins%ruen%s su$h as sae $on%ra$%s* !ee!s an!o%her a"reeen%s rea%in" %o %he proper%&

+)n(arie!0uses ph&si$a fea%ures an! "eo"raphi$a referen$es %oi!en%if& an! !es$rie %he proper%&s !iensions2

I*prtan"e0 e"a !es$rip%ion is aso hepfu in i!en%if&in" proper%&oun!aries 'hen ain" a%era%ions or ipro3een%s* so a proper!es$rip%ion is essen%ia in pre3en%in" or !e$i!in" oun!ar& !ispu%ese%'een nei"horin" proper%& o'ners2

Lt an( +l"k S/!te* 0 Wi%h a su!i3ision pa% or ap* %he pa%or ap is !i3i!e! in%o saer o$s* 'i%h in!i3i!ua o%s !ear$a%e!'i%hin %he o$s2

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION IN T$E TITLE


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PROPERTY DESCRIPTION IN T$E TITLE


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MAP READING


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MAP SYM+OLS


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MAP SCALE

Map S"ale 0 in!i$a%es %he rea%ionship e%'een a$er%ain !is%an$e on %he ap an! %he !is%an$e on %he"roun!2 Of%en o$a%e! in %he Klegen( 5

T/pe! ' S"ale!:

@. Rati r Repre!entatie &ra"tin 2R&3 E@ape ?1?00*000 or ??00*000

F. #r( !tate*ent POne $en%ie%er euas %en ioe%ers2Q

B. Grap7i" S"ale

LATIT:DE


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+apof%he7hii

ppines

LATIT:DE

LONGIT:DE

IMPORTANT IN&ORMATIONS


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IMPORTANT IN&ORMATIONSIN A MAP%

@. Legen(, r e/ 0 'i sho' %he user 'ha% !ieren% s&os ean

F. Orientatin - Dire"tin 0 a nor%h arro' (poin%in" in %he $orre$% !ire$%ion) foruser %o !e%erine !ire$%ion

B. S"ale0 /ee pre3ious e@pana%ion

. Neatline0 %he or!er of a ap* %o !e-ne %he e!"e of %he ap area

. Title0 pro3i!es ipor%an% $ues aou% %he $ar%o"raphers in%en%ions an! "oas


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T$AN YOU AND GOODLUC

or &our Rea Es%a%e .roera"e2

Appraisa* an!

Consu%an$& Nee!sCon%a$% Engr. Merlit Ca!tr Catli"

0?M M?6 558

4 land surveys

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