4-h state marine ecology eventflorida4h.org/projects/marine/files/09junioridguidecd.pdf1 4-h state...
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4-H State Marine Ecology EventSpecies Identification Guide
JUNIOR VERSIONSecond EditionSecond EditionDeveloped by Karen Blyler, 4-H Marine Education Coordinator
This second edition is based on an earlier guide created by Maia McGuire, Florida Sea Grant AgentSt. Johns County, FL
Updated/Revised 3/09
About photo and artwork copyrights…• Some photographs used in this study guide
are copyrighted and are used by special permission. These photos may NOT be duplicated for other uses.
• Non-copyrighted photographs and artwork may be used for educational purposes. ay be used o educat o a pu posesPlease contact Karen Blyler at 352-846-0996 for more information.
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• Some line drawings are from the National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection, available through http://www.photolib.noaa.gov. All photos with
Acknowledgements for artwork and photos used in this guide
http://www.photolib.noaa.gov. All photos with NOAA logo were obtained from this site.
• Fish artwork is by Diane Rome Peebles, courtesy of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. http://myfwc.com/
• Plant photos are used with permission of Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville http://plants ifas ufl eduGainesville. http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu
• Sea turtle photos are used with permission of Caribbean Conservation Corporation and Sea Turtle Survival League. http://www.cccturtle.org/ccctmp.htm
Photographers acknowledgements
• A number of photos were taken by youth enrolled in the Florida 4-H Youth Development Program. A big thanks goes
h d f l h h f hto these wonderful young photographers for their assistance and contribution.
• The 4-H Program would also like to thank the following individuals for permission to use their photographs:
– Karen Blyler, 4-H Youth Development– Maia McGuire, Florida Sea Grant– Chris Simoniello, Florida Sea Grant
Bryan Fluech Florida Sea Grant– Bryan Fluech, Florida Sea Grant– Sean Dowie, Professional photographer – Wilma Holley, Pinellas County Extension– Ken Nedimeyer, Marine Biologist – Jerome Sachs, UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation– Rich Abrams, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission– George Burgess, Florida Museum of Natural History– Angie Golubovich, Guana Tolomato Mantanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve
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How to use this slide show• The organisms in the slide show follow the same order as the
MEE Species List and Species Identification Companion G id (SICG) Th t d t b d l d dGuide (SICG). These two documents may be downloaded from the Florida 4-H website. http://florida4h.org/
• As you view each organism, read the information provided in the SICG. This information will help you learn how each organism can be identified for the MEE Sections 1, 2, and 3.
Th “Did Y K ?” ti f th SICG id• The “Did You Know?” sections of the SICG provide interesting information about some plants and animals. This information forms the basis of Section 4 in the MEE now called the “Natural History Scavenger Hunt.” NOTE: This replaces the “Habitat ID” section of the MEE. For more information refer to the MEE Guidelines and Rules found on the 4-H website.
Section 1Marine and
Coastal Plant IDUse your MEE Species Identification
Companion Guide to learn more about theCompanion Guide to learn more about the following plants and how to identify them.
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Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca
Sargassum weed Sargassum sp.
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Red algae Gracilaria sp.
Manatee grass
Syringodium filiforme
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Turtle grass Thalassia testudinum
Sawgrass Cladium jamaicensePhoto by A. Murray Copyright Univ. Fla.
Photo by A. Murray Copyright Univ. Fla.
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Smooth cord grass Spartina alterniflora
Photo by A. Murray Copyright Univ. Fla.
Salt meadow cord grass Spartina patens
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Photo Copyright Univ. Fla.
Needle rush Juncus roemerianus
Southern glasswort Salicornia virginica
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Sea oxeye or Sea daisy yBorrichia frutescens
Red mangrove Rhizophora mangle
Prop rootsSeed with root
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Black mangroveAvicennia germinans
Pneumatophores
White mangrove Laguncularia racemosa
Reddish petiole with salt glands
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4-H photo by A. Davis
4-H photo by S. Russell
Sea oats Uniola paniculata
Railroad vine Ipomoea pes-caprae
4-H photo by L. Hagenby L. Hagen
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Sea GrapeCoccoloba uvifera
4-H Photo by L. Hagen
4-H Photo by L.M. Herbert
Sea purslane Sesuvium portulacastrum
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Firewheel or Indian blanket Gaillardia pulchella 4-H Photo by
M. Leach
Dune Sunflower Helianthus debilis4-H Photo by
E. Leach
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Prickly pear cactus Opuntia compressa
Cabbage palm Sabal palmettoSabal palmetto
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Sand Bur or sandspur Cenchrus tribuloidesCenchrus tribuloides
Photos by V. Ramey Copyright Univ. Fla.
Australian pine Casuarina spp.
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Brazilian pepper tree Schinus terebinthifolius
Photos by A. Murray Copyright Univ. Fla.
Section 2M i dMarine and
Coastal Invertebrate ID
Use your MEE Species Identification Companion Guide to learn more about the followingGuide to learn more about the following invertebrates and how to identify them.
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Tube sponge
Callyspongia sp.
Basket sponge Hircinia canaliculate
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Sheepswool sponge Hippospongia lachne
Portuguese Man-of-war
Physalia sp.
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Common or moon jellyfish
Clover-shape in center
Aurelia aurelia
Sea whip
Leptogorgia sp.
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S fSea fan
Gorgonia sp.
Giant (pink-tipped) sea anemone Condylactus gigantea
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Brain coral
Diploria labyrinthiformis
Elkhorn coral Acropora palmata
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Staghorn coral Acropora cervicornis
Fire or Bristle worms
Hermodice sp. or Eurythoe sp.
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Christmas tree worm Spirobranchus giganteusgiganteus
Photo courtesy of Jerome Sachs
Limpets
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Bay scallop Aequipecten irradians
“ears”
Atlantic ribbed mussel Geukensia demissa
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P h llPen shell
Atrina rigida
Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica
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Sunray venus Macrocallista nimbosa
Giant Atlantic cockle Dinocardium robustum
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Coquina clam Donax variabilis
Florida horse conch Pleuroploca gigantica
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FloridaFlorida crown conch Melongena corona
Pink or Queen conch
Strombus gigasg g
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Banded tulip Fascioleria hunteria
Atlantic moon snail or Shark’s eye
Polineces duplicatus
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Egg cases
Lightning whelkLightning whelk Busycon contrarium
This whelk is left-handed
Common octopus Octopus vulgaris
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Squid Loligo pealei
Acorn barnacle Balanus sp.
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Horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus
Green-striped hermit crab Clibanarius vittatus
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Atlantic decorator crab Stenocianops sp.
Blue crab Callinectes sapidus
4-H photo by J. Dovi
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Spider crab Mithrax spinosissimus
Photo courtesy of Rich Abrams
Young stone crab
rings on legs
St bStone crab
Menippe mercenaria
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Mud crab Panopeus sp. “Tooth”
Ghost crab Ocypode quadrata
4-H photo by A. Holt
Square shell
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Arrow crab (Also known as False or Gulf Arrow crab)
Metoporhaphis calcarata and NOT Stenorhynchus seticornis
Fiddler crab Uca sp.
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Mole crab or sand flea
Emerita talpoidap
rostrum
White shrimp Penaeus setiferus
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Spiny lobsterp y
Panulirus argus
Photo courtesy of Chris Simoniello
Variegated urchinLytechinus sp.
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Pencil urchin Eucidaris tribuloides
5 holes
Keyhole sand dollar
Mellita quinquiesperforata
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Sea star
Echinaster sp.
Brittle star Ophionereis reticulata
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Sea cucumberPentacta pigmaea
Leathery or pleated sea squirt Styela plicata
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Section 3Marine andMarine and
Coastal Vertebrate ID
Use your MEE Species Identification Companion Guide to learn more about the followingGuide to learn more about the following vertebrates and how to identify them.
Southern stingray
Dasyatis sabina
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Bonnethead sharkSphyrna tiburo
Nurse shark Ginglymostoma cirratum
Photo courtesy of Jerome Sachs
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Sheepshead porgy
Archosargus probatocephalusprobatocephalus
Spot above pectoral fin on lateral lineArtwork by Diane
Rome Peebles, courtesy of FWCC
Pinfish Lagodon rhomboides
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Many tiny
Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus
barbels under chin
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
“Canine-like” teeth
Spotted seatrout
Cynoscion nebulosus
teeth
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Striped burrfishp
Chilomycterus schoepfi
Toadfish Opsanus sp.
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Mullet
Mugil cephalus
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCCSpines!
Hardhead catfishArius felis
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Black seabass
Centropristis striata
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Gag grouper
Mycteroperca microlepis
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Grey snapperLutjanus griseus Rounded
anal fin
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Jack crevalleCaranx hippos
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
LookdownSelene vomer
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Great barracuda Sphyraena barracuda
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Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Triggerfish Balistes sp.
Queen angelfish Holocanthus ciliaris
crown
yellow tail
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Lined seahorse
Hippocampus erectus
Pipefish
Sygnathus sp.
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Gulf flounder Paralichthyes albigutta
Has 3 distinct spots
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Snook Centropomus undecimalis
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Batfish Ogcocephalus sp.
White grunt Haemulon plumeriArtwork by Diane
Rome Peebles, courtesy of FWCC
Orange inside mouth
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Red drum or Redfish Sciaenops ocellatus
Spot
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Artwork by Diane Rome Peebles,
courtesy of FWCC
Dolphin fish (Mahi mahi) Coryphaena hippurus
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Loggerhead turtleCaretta caretta
Photo courtesy of Chris Simoniello Photo courtesy of Jerome Sachs
Photo courtesy of Jerome Sachs
Hawksbill turtle
EretmochelysEretmochelys imbricata
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American alligatorAlligator mississippiensis
Photo courtesy of Wilma Holley
4-H photo by E. Leach
American crocodile CrocodylusCrocodylus acutus
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Brown pelicanPelecanus occidentalis
4-H photo by E. Leach
Anhinga Anhinga anhinga
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4-H photo by M. Leach
Photo courtesy ofSean Dowie
Roseate spoonbill Ajaia ajaja
Great blue heron Ardea herodias
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White patch b hi d
Yellow-crowned night heronNycticorax violaceus
4-H Photo by S. Russell
behind eye
Great egretCasmerodius albus
4-H photo by S. Russell
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Photo courtesy of Sean Dowie
White ibis
Eudocimus albus
Frigate bird or Man-O-War bird
Fregata magnificens
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Laughing gull Larus atricilla
Ring-billed gullLarus delawarensis
4-H photo by L. Hagen
4-H Photo by E. Leach
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4-H Photo by E. Leach
Bald eagleHaliaeetus leucocephalus
Osprey Pandion haliaetus
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Black skimmerRynchops niger
4-H photo by L. Hagen
American oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus
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femalemale
Redwing blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus
Wood stork Mycteria americana
4-H Photo by K. Yee
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Manatee Trichechus manatus 4-H Photo by J. Bland
Bottlenose dolphinTursiops truncatus
Photo courtesy of Angie Golubovich
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Humpback whale
Photo courtesy of Angie Golubovich
Humpback whaleMegaptera novaeangliae
Photo courtesy of Angie Golubovich