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3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology
and Applied Sciences
ICETAS 2018 Skopje/Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
www.icetas.com
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
www.icetas.com
ii
Book of Abstracts
ISBN:978-605-4444-12-0
Book of Abstracts of the International Conference on
Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences
(ICETAS 2018)
Edited by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayhan EROL
Asist. Prof. Dr. Ahmet YÖNETKEN
Published Afyon Kocatepe University, July 2018,
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the
material is concerned. Nothing from this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a
computerized system or published in any form or in any manner, including, but not limited to
electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the
publisher www.icetas.com [email protected] The individual contributions in this publication
and any liabilities arising from them remain the responsibility of the authors. The publisher is not
responsible for possible damages, which could be a result of content derived from this
publication.
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
www.icetas.com
iii
Welcome to ICETAS 2018
On behalf of the organizing committee The Conference organized every one years, respectively;
Afyon Kocatepe University in 2016 – Afyonkarahisar, Technical Universityof Cluj-Napoca in
2017 Romania, 17-21 May 2018 in Skopje/Macedonia we are pleased to announce that the 3rd
International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS 2018) is
held from 17-21 July, 2018 in Skopje/Macedonia ICETAS 2018 provides an ideal academic
platform for researchers to present the latest research findings and describe emerging
technologies, and directions in Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences issues. The
conference seeks to contribute to presenting novel research results in all aspects of Engineering
Technology and Applied Sciences. The conference aims to bring together leading academic
scientists, researchers and research scholars to exchange and share their experiences and research
results about all aspects of Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences. It also provides the
premier interdisciplinary forum for scientists, engineers, and practitioners to present their latest
research results, ideas, developments, and applications in all areas of Engineering Technology
and Applied Sciences. The conference will bring together leading academic scientists, researchers
and scholars in the domain of interest from around the world. ICETAS 2018 is the oncoming
event of the successful conference series focusing on Engineering Technology and Applied
Sciences. The scientific program focuses on current advances in the research, production and use
of Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences with particular focus on their role in
maintaining academic level in Engineering and Applied Sciences and elevating the science level.
The conference's goals are to provide a scientific forum for all international prestige scholars
around the world and enable the interactive exchange of state-of-the-art knowledge. The
conference will focus on evidence-based benefits proven in clinical trials and scientific
experiments. Best regards,
Chairman of Conference
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayhan EROL
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
www.icetas.com
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HONORARY COMITTIEE
Prof. dr. Azis K.POLLOZHANI Rector Mother Teresa University Prof. Dr. Mustafa SOLAK Rector Afyon Kocatepe University Prof.Dr.ing. Vasile TOPA Rector Cluj Napoca Tecnical University
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Abdurrazzag Ali ABURAS KwaZulu Natal University SOUTH AFRICA Adem KURT Gazi University TURKEY Ahmet AKSOY Akdeniz University TURKEY Ahmet YILDIZ Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Alexander ONUFRAK Pavol Jozef Safarik University SLOVAKIA Anas Sarwar QURESHI Agriculture University PAKISTAN Artay YAGCI Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Asım Gokhan YETGIN Dumlupinar University TURKEY Aytekin HITIT Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Behçet GULENC Gazi University TURKEY Bojan ZLENDER Maribor University SLOVENIA Cahit GURER Afyon Kocatepe University, TURKEY Dinçer BURAN Süleyman Demirel University TURKEY Dunja PERIC Kansas State University, Manhattan ABD Dusan ORAC Kosice Technical University SLOVAKIA Elena Cristina RADA Trento University ITALY Gabor PAY University College of Nyiregyhaza HUNGARY Hazizan Md AKİL Sains Malaysia University MALAYSIA Huseyin Ali YALIM Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Huseyin AKBULUT Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Huseyin BAYRAKCEKEN Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Ilhan KOŞALAY Ankara University TURKEY Ioan ABRUDAN Technical University Cluj Napoca ROMANIA Ivan KURIK, Technical University Zilina SLOVAKIA Iveta VASKOVA Kosice Technical University SLOVAKIA João Pedro SILVA Leiria Polytechnic Institute PORTUGAL Lucian Ionel CIOCA Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu ROMANIA Marco RAGAZZI Trento University ITALY Martina HRUBOVCAKOVA Kosice Technical University SLOVAKIA Matjaž ŠRAML Maribor University SLOVENIA Merlinda EBIBI Mother Teresa University MACEDONIA Metin OZGUL Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Mihai BANICA Technical University Cluj Napoca ROMANIA Mircea HORGOS Technical University Cluj Napoca ROMANIA Monica Lopez ALONSO University of GRANADA SPAIN Muhammed YURUSOY Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Mustafa ERSOZ University of Selcuk TURKEY Mustafa TÜRKMEN Kocaeli University TURKEY Mustaque HOSSAIN Kansas State University, Manhattan ABD Nicolae UNGUREANU Technical University Cluj Napoca ROMANIA Neritan TURKESHI Mother Teresa University MACEDONIA
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
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Olivera PETKOVSKA Mother Teresa University MACEDONIA Olga OROSOVA Pavol Jozef Safarik University SLOVAKIA Otar ZUMBURIDZE GeorgiaTechnical University GEORGIA P. Trinatha RAO Gitam University INDIA Peter MONKA Technical University Kosice SLOVAKIA Prasanna RAMAKRISNAN Neo Education Institu MALAYSIA Ramazan KAÇAR Karabük University TURKEY Radu COTETIU Technical University Cluj Napoca ROMANIA Regita BENDIKIENĖ Kaunas Technology University LİTVANIA Renata PANOCOVA Pavol Jozef Safarik Üniversity SLOVAKIA Rıdvan UNAL Usak University TURKEY Robert CEP Technical University Ostrava CZECH Selçuk AKTURK Mugla University TURKEY Serdar SALMAN Marmara University TURKEY Serhat BASPINAR Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Sermin OZAN Fırat University TURKEY Sezai TAŞKIN Celal Bayar University TURKEY Suleyman GUNDUZ Karabük University TURKEY Sukru TALAS Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Stanislaw LEGUTKO Poznan University of Technology POLAND Tomasz NIZNIKOWSKI Lomza State University Applied Science POLAND Tomaz TOLLAZZI Maribor University SLOVENIA Ugur CALIGULU Firat University TURKEY Yılmaz YALCIN Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Yuksel OĞUZ Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Zoran TRIFUNOV Mother Teresa University MACEDONIA
ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE
Ahmet YONETKEN Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Arzu YAKAR Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Ayhan EROL Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Elena Cristina RADA Trento University ITALY Gabor PAY Nyiregyhaza Collage University HUNGARY Gunnur PESMEN Afyon Kocatepe University TURKEY Gratiela BOCA DANA Cluj-Napoca Technical University ROMANIA Hazizan Md AKIL Sains University MALAYSIA Iveta VASKOVA Technical University of Kosice SLOVAKIA Miorita UNGUREANU Cluj-Napoca Technical University ROMANIA Nadras OTHMAN Sains University MALAYSIA
3rd International Conference on Engi
Organized by
Supported by
International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
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3rd International Conference on Engi
Prof.
Keynote Title: A cutting-edge technology
Prof.
Keynote Title: Case Study Scenarios Using Bigt Data Approach
International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences Skopje, Macedonia 17-21 July 2018
www.icetas.com
INVITED SPEAKERS
Prof. Dr. Ayşe Filiz Gürel
technology : how CRISPR applications will change the future?
Prof. Dr. Abdurazzag Ali Aburas
: Case Study Scenarios Using Bigt Data Approach
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGY : HOW CRISPR APPLICATIONS WILL CHANGE THE FUTURE?
A. Filiz GÜREL (INVITED SPEAKER)
Istanbul University Faculty of Science Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Vezneciler
34134 Istanbul Turkey
Abstract:
Tremendous advances continue in genome engineering in our era. Genome editing is a group of
technologies that enable change to an organism's DNA. CRISPR is one of these technologies that
allows targeted modifications in genetic material in an effective way. By CRISPR, DNA sequences can
be added, removed, or altered at specific locations in the genome. These controlled and inherited
modifications can be induced using special endonucleases (SSNs) and are completed by cellular DNA
repair mechanisms. Recently, CRISPR has been exploited to induce genomic modifications in animals,
plants and human. Undoubtely, CRISPR is a revolutionary tool in the generation of genome-edited
organisms, while on the other hand it contributes to basic science.
Genome editing techology receives great attention in the prevention and treatment of human
diseases including single-gene disorders such as hemophilia and cystic fibrosis. Complex diseases (eg
cancer, heart diseases) can also be investigated and prevented by genome editing approaches in the
future. However, it is important to determine whether genome editing is safe and healthy for use in
people.
Since most of the changes introduced with genome editing are limited to somatic cells, these
changes are not passed from one generation to the next. However, changes made to genes in
germline cells could be passed to the progeny. Because of the ethical concerns, germline cell editing
are currently illegal in many countries. In respect of the future of genome engineering, CRISPR could
be used in many applications of medicine and agriculture to solve problems or make improvements.
One of them is the correction of genetic errors causing diseases. The world food supply is
insufficient, and will be more problematic as the World population continues to grow. Increase the
yield of important crop plants such as tomato, has been demonstrated using CRISPR approach.
Recently, CRISPR has been used as a diagnostic tool which is highly sensitive and cheap that would
be very beneficial for global public health.
Keywords: Genome editing, CRISPR, biotechnology, genetic disorders, crop improvements
1
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO GROWTH PARAMETERS OF STONE MOROKO: ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
SEMRA BENZERa, RECEP BENZER
aGAZI UNIVERSITY
bNATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study was evaluated the population structure and growth with length - weight relationships
(LWR), von Bertalanffy equations (VB) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) of stone moroko in
Hirfanlı Dam Lake. The individuals were collected from Hirfanlı Dam Lake ranged age of between I to
V years. The von Bertalanffy growth function growth coefficient k was 0.5 and asymptotic length L∞
was 9.13 mm fork length (FL). The weight-length relationship is given by the regression equation W =
0.01275334 × L3.0005 for all individual. Growth equations in length (mm) and weight (g) are: Lt =
9.13 [1–e–0.380 (t + 0.5)]. Minimum and maximum size was 2.7 and 9.2 cm FL for all individuals. It
was examined the growth properties (length and weight) of stone moroko by modern (ANNs) and
traditional approaches (LWR and von Bertalanffy growth model) in Hirfanlı Dam Lake. This study
presents the first LWR, VB and ANNs references for this species in Hirfanlı Dam Lake.
Keywords: Growth, Artificial Neural Networks, Length Weight Relations, Stone Moroko
*
2
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NEWS PERSPECTIVES FOR ESTIMATING GROWTH PROPERTIES OF SAND SMELT (ATHERINA BOYERI (RISSO 1880))
SEMRA BENZERa, RECEP BENZERb
aGAZI UNIVERSITY
bNATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In present study, it is aimed to estimate of length-weight relationship (LWR) parameters by using
Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The present study was examined LWR and ANNs for growth. Thus,
the present study determines the properties of the sand smelt, Atherina boyeri (Risso 1880) in water
system. The samples were collected from two different water systems. During the study, 1843 fish
specimens were caught. The LWR were estimated from the formula W = a Lb. The features of both
biological and artificial neural networks were evaluated and compared. Neural Networks metrics
such as structures, layers, size of neurons, functional capabilities of neurons, their learning
capabilities, information storage were used as basis for comparison. The sum squared error (SSE)
and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were used in the study as the two performance criteria
by MATLAB. LWR and ANNs models was found for females, males and all individual. LWR was found
between fish length and weight in two different system (W=0.01026462 L2.8659 and W=0.01399306
L2.80). The results obtained by ANNs and LWR equation are compared to those obtained by the
growth rate. It was found that MAPE value of the forecast of ANNs was 0.182 and 0.130 for length,
0.034 and 1.902 for weight for two different system. It was found that MAPE value of forecast of
LWR was 1.763 and 1.530 for length, 4.885 and 4.072 for weight for two different system. Thus,
ANNs gives better results than LWR. ANNs can be alternative as a evaluated for growth estimate.
Keywords: Length-Weight Relationships, Artificial Neural Networks, Estimating, Sand Smelt
*
3
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF LYOPHILIZED EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES (L-EPSS) OF 4 LACTOBACILLI STRAINS
ISOLATED FROM CHICKEN’S FECES
ZEHRANUR YUKSEKDAGa, KUBRA CELIKb
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Probiotics are living microorganisms that have beneficial effects on the broiler health if taken in
sufficient quantities. In some probiotics, enzymatic and non-enzymatic components have been
identified against oxidative stress. Lactobacilli are microorganisms with anti-oxidant activities that
regulate the balance of intestinal microbiota. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-oxidant
activities of bacterial suspension, bacterial culture filtrates, lyophilized EPS (l-EPS), and bacteria
suspension+ l-EPS produced by 4 lactobacilli strains at chicken-origin.
The anti-oxidant activities bacterial culture filtrate, lyophilized EPS (l-EPS), and bacterial +l- EPS of 4
lactobacilli strains were determined by modifying the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
elimination effect (Li et al., 2012) method, Fe + 2 ion chelating activity according to the method
proposed by Decker and Welch (1990), and superoxide anion radical scavenger activity modifying
the method of Wang et al. (2015). One-way ANNOVA was applied to analyze reasults.
The highest DPPH activity was observed in the l-EPS (1 mg/mL) of L. reuteri KC21L strain (84.9%)
while the lowest activity was demonstrated bacterial suspension of L. salivarius KC76L (%22.1). In
study, metal (Fe + 2) chelating activities ranged from 12.5% (bacterial culture filtrate of L. salivarius
KC76L) to 76.3% (bacterial suspension + l-EPS of L. reuteri KC21L). When the superoxide anion
scavenging activity of the strains is compared, the highest activity exhibited bacterial suspension of
L. salivarius KC27L (73.2%) while lowest activity L. salivarius KC76L bacterial filtration (17.6%). It has
been determined that there is a meaningful difference in the order of 0.05 between the methods
studied.
Keywords: Lactobacilli, L-EPS, Anti-Oxidant Activity
*This research is supported by Gazi University Scientific Research Projects Department project coded with
4
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AUTO-AGGREGATION, CO-AGGREGATION, AND HYDROPHOBICITY PROPERTIES OF 2 LACTOBACILLUS CASEI STRAINS ISOLATED FROM
INFANT FECES
ZEHRANUR YUKSEKDAGa, LEILA MEHRNIAb
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
bMOLANA MOHTEŞEM, ASIVANDZADE C., NO:115, BEHDARI, URMIYEH, IRAN
Abstract:
For biotechnological application, selected potential probiotic Lactobacillus casei strains may be
proposed as an alternative to the antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of urogenital tract
infections. Lactobacillus casei strains exert their beneficial effects as a consequence of one or more
mechanisms. Auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, and hydrophobicity were some of them. The degree
of auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, and hydrophobicity predict the ability of a strain to adhere to
epithelial cells, and it is a specific property of each microorganism. In the present study, 2 L. casei
strains were assessed with regard to their auto-aggregation and co-aggregation abilities since these
traits have been shown to be indicative of adherence in other microorganisms and their hydrophobic
characteristics using spectrophotometric method. Both L. casei strains tested showed auto-
aggregation and co-aggregation ability with the Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Salmonella enteritidis
ATCC 13086, and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 764, but the results were strain-specific. L. casei LB74
and L. casei LB61 showed auto-aggregation ability in 28.91-20.50%, respectively; co-aggregation
abilities of both strains were 14.41-13.33% to E. coli, 16.16-31.08% to S. enteritidis, 19.99-14.58% to
L. monocytogenes, respectively. Adhesion to hydrocarbons demonstrated significant differences in
cell surface properties among the tested 2 L. casei strains. Both strains did not show affinity for p-
xylene and ethyl acetate. L. casei LB74 and L. casei LB61 demonstrated the strong adhesion to
chloroform (67.05%, 45.33%, respectively). Our results indicate that the ability to auto-aggregation
together with cell surface hydrophobicity and co-aggregation abilities with E. coli, S. enteritidis, and
L. monocytogenes strain can be used for preliminary screening in order to identify potentially
probiotic bacteria suitable for human or animal use.
Keywords: Lactobacillus Casei, Auto-Aggregation, Co-Aggregation, Hydrophobicity
*This research is supported by Gazi University Scientific Research Projects Department project coded with
05/2012-69
5
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BUFFERS ON Β-GALACTOSIDASE ACTIVITIES OF 4 LACTOBACILLI STRAINS
HAZER YUKSEKDAGa, ZEHRANUR YUKSEKDAGb, YASEMIN KILICc
aGAZI UNIVERSITY
bGAZI UNIVERSITY
cGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Probiotics are “generally regarded as safe” (GRAS status) according to The American Food and Drug
Administration due to their long history of safe use in fermented foods and their presence in the
normal intestinal and urogenital microbiota of humans. Several species, including Lactobacillus
plantarum, L. acidophilus, and L. fermentum, have received a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS)
status given by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). β-galactosidase activity is an essential
feature in probiotic strains. Lactose intolerance (β-galactosidase deficiency) is linked to the inability
to break down lactose in the upper regions of the small intestine, which is thus utilized by the
indigenous microbiota. In this research, 4 strains that belong to Lactobacillus species were used. The
aims of our research were to effect of different buffer (potassium phosphate, Tris, Tris-NaCl, Tris-
sodium phosphate, and sodium phosphate buffers) on β-galactosidase activities of these lactobacilli
strains. 4 bacteria were grown in MRS medium with lactose, cell wall being disrupted with ultra-
sonicator. Enzyme activity was determined using as a substrate orto- nitrophenol- beta- D-
galactopyranoside spectrophotometrically. One unit (U) of the enzyme activity was defined as the
amount of enzyme required to release 1 μmol of ONP (o-nitrophenol) per minute under the assay
conditions. The values of β-galactosidase activity ranged from 0.028 to 0.153 U/mL. The highest
value, 0.153 U/mL, was acquired for L. fermentum ZYN17 strain at potassium phosphate buffer. The
lowest activity value was obtained for L. acidophilus BAZ36 and L. rhamnosus GD11 strains (0.028
U/mL) at sodium phosphate buffer. In this study, it was found that used different buffers were
effective in the enzyme activity of the bacteria.
Keywords: Β-Galactosidase, Lactobacillus, Buffers
*
6
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PARTIALLY PURIFICATION OF Β-GALACTOSIDASE PRODUCED BY LACTOBACILLUS FERMENTUM ZYN17
HAZER YUKSEKDAGa, ZEHRANUR YUKSEKDAGb, YASEMIN KILICc
aGAZI UNIVERSITY
bGAZI UNIVERSITY
cGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
β-Galactosidase (β-gal) (β-D-galactoside galactohydrolase or lactase, EC 3.2.1.23) is known as
important enzyme for applications in the dairy industry, where it is used for lactose hydrolysis to
produce low lactose or lactose-free products as a response to lactose intolerance of consumers,
which affects approximately 70% of the world population. Another useful property of β-gal is its
transgalactosylation activity, by which health-promoting prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)
can be formed from lactose. To investigate partial purification of β-gal produced by Lactobacillus
fermentum ZYN17, we studied (1) β-gal activity was determined using oNPG (orto- nitrophenol-
beta- D- galactopyranoside) as substrate. β-Gal specific enzyme activity were determined 2,468
U/mg. (2) Bacterial enzyme in the culture supernatant was purified by a series of four steps (80%
Ammonium sulphate precipitation, Dialysis with Thermo Scientific, Slide-A-Lyzer G2 Dialysis
Cassettes (20K MWCO), concentrated with Amicon ® Ultra-4 Centrifugal Filter Units, and heat
treatment). Intracellular extract was assayed for protein content, enzyme activity, and specific
activity. As a result of all the purification steps, it was determined that the obtained sample was
purified 2,678 times and 99.4% of the enzyme was preserved. (3) The molecular mass of the partially
purified β-galactosidase was determined by comparison with marker proteins. The molecular weight
of enzyme was estimated at 110 kDa by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Keywords: Lactobacillus Fermentum, Beta-Galactosidase, Purification
*
7
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANTIGENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF RETINOL (VITAMIN A) AGAINST MMC-INDUCED MICRONUCLEUS FORMATION
DENIZ YUZBASIOGLUa, KUBRA SEVIMLI-CANb, ECE AVULOGLU-YILMAZc, FATMA UNALd
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY dDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Retinol (Vitamin A) has diverse biological functions. Vitamin A and its derivatives are essential for
vision and many other biological processes because they are involved in the proliferation and
differentiation of many cell types throughout life. In this study, potential antigenotoxic effect of
Vitamin A (retinol) was investigated in human peripheral lymphocytes (HPLs) by micronucleus (MN)
test against Mitomycin-C (MMC), an antitumor agent. MN was reported as a classic genotoxicity
assay and increased levels of MN in lymphocytes have been associated with the risk of developing
cancer. Different concentrations of retinol (0.05, 0.010, 0.015, and 0.020 µg/mL) were used in
combination with Mitomycin-C simultaneously for 24-hour and 48-hour. At 24-hour treatment,
retinol decreased MN frequency significantly at 0.010 and 0.020 μg/mL concentrations compared to
positive control (MMC). At 48-h, retinol reduced the frequency of MN however this reduction was
not statistically significant compared to positive control (MMC). These results indicate that retinol
may have protective and ameliorating effect against MMC induced genotoxicity, especially at short
treatment period in human lymphocytes in vitro.
Keywords: Retinol, Antigenotoxicity, Micronucleus Test
*
8
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATING GENOTOXIC EFFECT OF SODIUM PROPIONATE IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES IN VITRO BY SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE
TEST
NAZMIYE ATASEVENa, DENIZ YUZBASIOGLUb, FATMA UNALc
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Food additives are used widely for different purposes such as preservatives, nutritional additives,
colouring agents, sweetening agents, flavouring agents, and texturing agents etc. Sodium propionate
(SP), the sodium salt of propionate is commonly used as a food preservative in modern nutrition.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential genotoxicity of SP by using in vitro sister
chromatid exchange (SCE) test in human lymphocytes. Peripheral blood samples were collected from
three healthy (1 male and 2 female) non-smoking (of ages, 23-27 years) donors. Lymphocytes were
incubated in different concentrations of SP (15.62; 31.25; 62.50; 125; 250; 500 µg/mL) for 24 and 48
hours. A negative (distilled water) and a positive control (mitomycin-C) were also applied for each
treatment. Results showed that SP increased the frequency of SCEs/cell. This increase was significant
in all concentrations and treatment times. The increase in SCEs was concentration dependent at
both treatment periods (r =0.83 and r=0.89, at 24 and 48 h, respectively). SP decreased the
frequency of the mitotic index (MI). This decrease was significant in four highest concentrations at
both 24 h and 48 h periods compared to negative control. However, these decreases were not
concentration dependent. On the other hand, SP did not affect replication index (RI), compared with
the negative control. All these data we obtained show that SP may have genotoxic risk to human
lymphocytes in vitro. However, to clarify these results, other genotoxicity tests such as in vivo tests
need to be done.
Keywords: Genotoxicity, Food Preservative, Human Lymphocytes, Sister Chromatid Exchange
*
9
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE COMPARISON OF GROWTH MODELS OF CRAYFISH IN TURKEY
RECEP BENZERa, SEMRA BENZERb
aNATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY
bGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
This study purpose to compare the crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz 1823) growth
estimation results of two methods which are Length-Weight Relationship (LWR) and Artificial Neural
Networks (ANNs). The relationships between total length (TL) and total weight (TW); carapace length
(CL) for crayfish were presented with tradional method of LWR and ANNs method. The growth
estimation crayfish was carried out with both methods and the obtained results were compared.
Coefficient correlation (r2), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean
absolute percentage error performance criteria (MAPE) were used for comparison of artificial neural
network and linear regression models goodness of fit. The results of the current study show that
ANNs can be a superior estimation tool compared to LWR equation. In the designed ANNs model,
MAE and RMSE values related to training and test data were 0.2903 and 0.3457; 0.2734 and 0.3434
respectively. MAPE value of the estimate of ANNs is found to be 0.411 and 0.314, while MAPE value
of LWR results is 0.440 and 0.957 for length-weight of both genders.
Keywords: Length-Weight Relationships, Artificial Neural Networks, Estimating, Crayfish
*
10
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF GROWTH MODELS OF KIZILIRMAK KILLIFISH WITH TRADITIONAL AND MODERN APPROACHES IN SÜREYYABEY DAM
LAKE
RECEP BENZERa, SEMRA BENZERb
aNATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY
bGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to determine the growth of Kızılırmak killifish (Aphanius marassantensis
Pfleiderer, Geiger & Herder, 2014) in the Süreyyabey Dam Lake by using traditional (Length-Weight
Relationship - LWR) and modern methods (Artificial Neural Networks - ANNs). The samples were
collected from Süreyyabey Dam Lake. The LWR were estimated from the formula W = a Lb. The
features of both biological and artificial neural networks were evaluated and compared. Neural
Networks metrics such as structures, layers, size of neurons, functional capabilities of neurons, their
learning capabilities, information storage were used as basis for comparison. In the designed ANNs
model, MAE and RMSE values related to training and test data were 0.1126 and 0.1521; 0.1209and
0.1554 respectively. The sum squared error (SSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were
used in the study as the two performance criteria by MATLAB software. The results obtained by
ANNs and LWR equation are compared to those obtained by the growth rate.
Keywords: Length-Weight Relationships, Artificial Neural Networks, Estimating, Kızılırmak Killifish,
Growth
*
11
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE SMART GRID INVESTMENTS OF ELECTRIC DISTRIBUTION UTILITIES: AFYONKARAHISAR CASE STUDY
YAVUZ BAHADIR KOCAa, YILMAZ ASLANb, YUKSEL OĞUZc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDUMLUPINAR UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The concept of smart grids has become a topic of great interest in recent years. It has brought a new
perspective into electric power systems. Electric power storage systems, along with distributed
generation (DG), have begun to be incorporated into conventional electric power systems, which
range from electric power generation plants to transmission, distribution and consumption.
Therefore, smart grids that use digital technology have come to the forefront in order to provide
system reliability, security and efficiency. Smart grids are mainly focused on utilities which operate
residential and industrial loads rather than large generation and transmission systems. Owing to the
increase in capacity and number of distributed generation systems connected to power distribution
networks, various problems are anticipated. These are mainly bi-directional load flow, power
protection and power quality related problems. Furthermore, with the increasing dependence of
distribution systems to digital data communication technologies, the cyber-attacks may pose serious
problems on system safety. In this study, the operation of distribution system together with utilities’
investments and projections on smart grids in Afyonkarahisar region are investigated.
Keywords: Smart Grid, Microgrid, Distributed Energy Sources, Distribution Management System,
Renewable Energy Systems
*
12
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEMS TO ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
YAVUZ BAHADIR KOCAa, YILMAZ ASLANb, YÜKSEL OĞUZc
aDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND AUTOMATION, AFYON VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, AFYON
KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING,
DUMLUPINAR UNIVERSITY, KÜTAHYA, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, AFYON
KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
The electric power generation, transmission and distribution sector is rapidly growing due to the
increasing use of residential and the energy demands of industrial plants as a result of technological
improvements. Electric power transmission lines constitute a major link in connecting the power
generation centers and distribution systems. They have an interconnected network structure where
power exchange takes place and the supply demand has been established. In power distribution
systems the required level of medium voltage (MV) is stepped down by power transformers. In
Turkey in primary power distribution networks 34.5 kV has been used throughout the country. In
operation of power distribution systems, well planned infrastructure has paramount importance. For
supplying the electrical energy to the residential and industrial loads and to meet the increasing
power demand from customers, installation of new power distribution lines and power distribution
transformers are required. Hence, for the increased security and high level service quality in power
distribution systems, the maintenance and expansion, investments have to be planned and
projected in advance. In last decades with the increasing level of technology, it is becoming more
important and crucial to supply well balanced, continuous and high quality electrical energy to end-
users. To achieve these goals and for the effective operation, the power distribution system has to
be under control at all times. However, in recent years with the increasing environmental and global
concerns more and more renewable energy based power generation systems have been connected
into power distribution networks at MV level which complicates the operation of such systems. In
particular, in the presence of shunt faults, fast location, restoration and isolation of the line segment
with shunt fault is very important. In this study, the effect of renewable energy based distributed
generation sources on shunt fault currents which have been connected to the main feeder of a radial
distribution system with load taps have been investigated. A radial 34.5 kV power distribution
system with 1 MVA solar power station has been modelled in Matlab and the results are discussed.
It was implemented at a phase-to-phase voltage of 34.5 kV and 477 MCM Hawk, steel-core
aluminum (ACSR) type conductors. The time of the simulation was 0.06 s (3 periods for 50 Hz). The
study was generally performed for three phase-to-ground faults. In addition, all other types of faults
for a fault location were also examined to see the effect of other faults on the results.
Keywords: Distributed Energy, Photovoltaic Systems, Renewable Energy, Electric Distribution
Systems, Microgrid 13
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
WEATHERING AND DECAY RESISTANCE OF HEAT-TREATED WOOD-FILLED SMA COMPOSITES
MUSTAFA ZORa, AHMET CANb, DOUGLAS J. GARDNERc
aBULENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
bBARTIN UNİVERSİTY
cADVANCED STRUCTURES AND COMPOSITES CENTER, MAINE UNIVERSITY,USA
Abstract:
There is continuing interest in wood-plastic composite (WPC) products and their use in various
applications. Application of modified lignocellulosic fillers for producing WPC has been explored
attributable to the strength to weight ratio, low density, low price and simple decomposability. Heat
treatment, which is an eco-friendly method for wood modification has been reported to be an
effective method for improving the durability of wood plastic composites. Heat treatment was
conducted at 212°C for 8 h in an attempt to improve the durability of the wood furnish and the
wood flour and SMA compounds were extruded and granulated using a lab-scale grinder. Test
specimens were prepared by injection moulding at 220ºC. The aim of this study was investigating
the effect of heat treated lignocellulosic filler on the surface characteristics and decay resistance of
the wood flour/SMA composites. Weathering tests were performed by cycles of UV-light irradiation
for 8 hours, water spray for 15 minutes followed by conditioning for 3.45 hours in an accelerated
weathering test cycle chamber. The changes of the surface properties of the neat SMA and heat-
treated wood flour SMA composites were evaluated for color changes and attenuated total
reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze chemical
changes on the sample surfaces. The decay tests were performed of white rot fungus, Trametes
versicolor (L.: Fr.) Pilat and the brown rot fungi, Coniophora
Keywords: Heat Treatment, Wood Plastic Composite, Accelerated Weathering, Decay Test, FTIR-Atr
*This study is supported by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK-BIDEB 2224-A)
14
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CATIONIC STARCH/SODIUM ALGINATE ANTIMICROBIAL FILMS FOR FOOD PACKAGING MATERIALS
FERHAT ŞENa, İREM UZUNSOYb, EMRE BAŞTÜRKc, MEMET VEZIR KAHRAMANd
aBÜLENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
bBÜLENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
cMARMARA UNIVERSITY dMARMARA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
This study aimed to develop polyelectrolyte structured antimicrobial food packaging materials that
do not contain any antimicrobial agents. Cationic starch was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR
spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Its nitrogen content was determined by Kjeldahl method.
Polyelectrolyte structured antimicrobial food packaging materials were prepared using starch,
cationic starch and sodium alginate. Antimicrobial activity of materials was defined by inhibition
zone method (disc diffusion method). Thermal stability of samples was evaluated by TGA and DSC.
Hydrophobicity of samples
was determined by contact angle measurements. Surface morphology of samples was investigated
by SEM. Moreover, gel contents of samples were determined. The obtained results prove that
produced food packaging materials have good thermal, antimicrobial and surface properties, and
they can be used as food packaging material in many industries.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Food Packaging, Polyelectrolyte, Starch, Cationic Starch, Sodium Alginate.
*This study is supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)
15
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
GERÇEK ZAMANLI WAVELET DÖNÜŞÜMLERI İÇIN FPGA-TABANLI MEKSIKA ŞAPKASI DALGACIĞININ TASARIMI VE GERÇEKLENMESI
HALIL İBRAHIM ŞEKERa, MURAT TUNAb, İSMAIL KOYUNCUc
a1AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI, F:B.E., ELEKTRIK-ELEKTRONIK MÜHENDISLIĞI A.B.D., 03200,
AFYON, TÜRKIYE
b2KIRKLARELI ÜNIVERSITESI, TEKNIK BILIMLER MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, ELEKTRIK TEKNOLOJISI,
39000, KIRKLARELI, TÜRKIYE
c3AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI, TEKNOLOJI FAKÜLTESI, ELEKTRIK-ELEKTRONIK MÜHENDISLIĞI,
03200, AFYON, TÜRKIYE
Abstract:
Bu çalışmada, gerçek zamanlı Wavelet dönüşümleri için en çok kullanılan ana dalgacık
fonksiyonlarından biri olan Meksika şapkası fonksiyonu 32-bit IEEE-754-1985 kayan noktalı sayı
standardı ile VHDL dilinde kodlanmış ve Xilinx ISE Design Tools 14.7 programında sentezlenerek FPGA
üzerinde gerçeklenmiştir. Çalışma da öncelikle Meksika şapkası dalgacığı Matlab-tabanlı olarak
modellenmiş ve oluşturulan veri seti yardımı ile test edilmiştir. Test aşamasından sonra Matlab-
tabanlı Meksika şapkası dalgacığı referans alınarak FPGA-tabanlı Meksika şapkası dalgacığı ünitesi 32-
bit kayan noktalı sayı standardı ile VHDL’de kodlanmış ve Xilinx ISE programında VIRTEX-6 çipi
VC6VLX75T aracı için sentezlenmiş ve test edilmiştir. FPGA-tabanlı Meksika şapkası dalgacığı ünitesi
maksimum çalışma frekansı 185.086 MHz olarak elde edilmiştir. Matlab-tabanlı Meksika şapkası
dalgacığı tasarımı örnek veri setini 890 ms’de ve FPGA-tabanlı Meksika şapkası dalgacığı ünitesi ise
1.408 µs’de hesaplayabilmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre FPGA-tabanlı Meksika şapkası dalgacığı
Matlab-tabanlı tasarıma göre yüksek hız kazancı sağlamıştır.
Keywords: FPGA, Wavelet Dönüşümü, VHDL, Meksika Şapkası Dalgacığı
*
16
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK-BASED 3-D NOVEL JERK CHAOTIC OSCILLATOR ON FPGA
ISMAIL KOYUNCUa, YÜKSEL OĞUZb, HASAN ÇIMENc, TOLGA ÖZERd, MURAT TUNAe
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
eKIRKLARELI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
: In this paper, the 3-D novel Jerk chaotic system has been coded in Very High Speed Integrated
Circuits Hardware Description Language (VHDL) with 32-bit IEEE-754-1985 floating point number
standard for real-time Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). The designed 3-D novel Jerk chaotic system
has been synthesized in the Xilinx ISE Design Tools 14.7 program and has been implemented on the
Xilinx Virtex 6 FPGA chip. In the presented study, 3-D novel Jerk chaotic system has been modeled as
numerical using fifth order Runge-Kutta-Butcher algorithm based on Matlab. 3X1000 data set
obtained from the Matlab-based 3-D Novel Jerk chaotic system has been is divided into two parts.
These are 3X800 train data set for training of the ANN and 3X200 test data set for testing of the
ANN. The multi-layer feed forward (MLFF) ANN has been modeled as Matlab-based and has been
trained using train data set. The trained MLFF ANN structure has been tested using test data set. The
weight and bias values that used in structure of MLFF ANN-based 3-D Novel Jerk Chaotic oscillator
designed on Matlab has been taken as reference for FPGA-based 3-D Novel Jerk Chaotic oscillator
unit design. The MLFF ANN-based 3-D Novel Jerk chaotic oscillator unit has been coded in VHDL
language with 32-bit IEEE-754-1985 floating point number standard and has been synthesized for
VIRTEX-6 family (XC6VCX75T device, FF484 package, -1 speed) using Xilinx ISE Design Tools 14.7
program. The maximum operating frequency of the MLFF ANN-based 3-D Novel Jerk chaotic
oscillator unit obtained from Place&Route processes and FPGA chip statistics have been presented.
In future, ANN-based chaotic random number generator can be performed using the proposed MLFF
ANN-based 3-D Novel Jerk chaotic oscillator unit on FPGA.
Keywords: FPGA, Artificial Neural Networks, VHDL, 3-D Novel Jerk Chaotic Oscillator
*This research has been supported by grant number 17.TEKNOLOJİ.05 from Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific
Research Projects Co.
17
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS OF TURKEY ON IN VITRO AND EX VITRO CUT FLOWER PRODUCTION IN THE WORLD
CIGDEM ALEV OZELa
aGAZİ UNİVERSİTY
Abstract:
Turkey lies on the trransection of three floristic geographic regions and show a rich diversity of
species and endemism. Ornamental plants have an important place in this richness. Many of the
local plants including bulbous geophytes are used for aesthetic purposes, as indoor and outdoor
decoration since centuries. A very detailed explanation about flowers has been given in 17th
century book Tezkire –i- Şükufeciyan authored by Übeydullah Efendi. In the course of time, people
have learned how to use and trade ornamental plants, cut flowers, and reduce negative effects of
urbanisation through them around their abodes. Turkey started their commercial production at the
end of the first half of the 20th century. These days Izmir, Antalya, Yalova and Sakarya provinces are
on the top of this list. All of the production in İzmir is meant for domestic consumption and the
Istanbul markets. Whereas, all of the Antalya based production is meant for export. Yalova and
Sakarya produce both for domestic markets and export. Turkish floral plants are exported to 35
countries and the European Union has the largest share. Main or preferable exports from Turkey
includes Carnations, Roses, Chrysanthemums, Gerbera, Solidago, Gladiolus and Freesia. Production
of all cut flowers is done through conventional means in the fields or greenhouses. Turkey has a
little to offer using micropropagation compared to the prominent countries in this industry.
Coordination and cooperation with public and private sector institutions like Universities, Research
Institutes, Agricultural chambers, Tubitak, Development Agencies, Kosgeb, Ar-Ge through advertising
agencies is fastly increasing the share of domestic and foreign markets in local cut flower production
that will definitely have a positive impacts in accelarated raising of future Turkish cut flower
industry.
Keywords: Micropropagation, Public And Private Sector, Turkish Cut Flower Industry, Turkish Flora
*
18
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINING GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF DICAMBA ON ALLIUM CEPA USING COMET TEST IN TISSUE CULTURE
ÇIĞDEM ALEV ÖZELa, ECE AVULOĞLU YILMAZb, ESRA ERIKELc, FATMA ÜNALd, SEMRA MIRICIe,DENIZ
YÜZBAŞIOĞLUf
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY EDUCATION, FACULTY OF GAZI EDUCATION, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA,
TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY -CENTRAL
RESEARCH LABORATORY, AMASYA UNIVERSITY, AMASYA,
cDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY dDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
eDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY EDUCATION, FACULTY OF GAZI EDUCATION, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA,
TURKEY fDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) is a benzoic acid derivative synthetic auxin that is
used in plant cell and tissue culture. It is generally applied as herbicide to kill perennial plants. There
are negative effects of plant growth regulators on environment due to their careless use, however,
very few studies report their negative effects on genetic material. It is possible to determine
genotoxicity using different test systems that measure damages to genetic material. Allium cepa is
used as a model plant in performing these tests including comet assay. This study investigated
possible genotoxic effects of dicamba on Allium cepa root meristems. Hence, bulbs were rooted on
agar solidified MS medium for 5 days. Thereafter, the bulbs were transferred to Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium (control) or MS medium containing 0.67, 1.34, 2.01, 2.68, 3.35, 4.02 and 8.04
mg/L dicamba for 24 hours. All concentrations of dicamba had significant damaging effects on roots
that measured as comet tail intensity and tail moment compared to the control group. Almost all
concentrations of dicamba showed damaging effects on DNA.
Keywords: Dicamba, Allium Cepa, Comet Assay, Tissue Culture
*The authors would like to thank the Gazi University Research Fund for financial support under Grant No.
04/2016-03.
19
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM SULPHATE BASED BORON WASTE IN GYPSUM
M. SERHAT BAŞPINARa, TAHIR ULUÇTANb, MÜCAHIT UYARc, ELIF ÖZKANd
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Turkey is one of the biggest boron minerals producers in the world. Due to the huge amount of
production, large amount of boron waste is generated and recycling of this waste becomes an
important issue. Gypsum industry can uses industrial mineral waste materials for several purposes
and this is one of the ways to recycling of these industrial mineral wastes.
The main objective of this study is to investigate the usability of sulphate rich boron waste in gypsum
product. Effect of boron waste addition in the gypsum product was investigated in this study. Waste
was supplied from Etimaden Emet Bor Company. Chemical and mineralogical characterization was
done. Calcination study was performed at different temperatures (90-120 oC) to obtained different
grade reactive hemihydrate gypsum. Different amount of waste (5-10-15%) was added to the
commercial gypsum and effect on the mechanical properties, density and workability was
investigated. Different Water/Gypsum ratio (0,7-0,9) was studied to optimize the workability
properties. Hydration temperatures were measured with time to determine the reactivity of the
waste materials in gypsum products. As a result of the study it was concluded that the waste
materials is in the dehydrate gypsum form and the addition of the calcined boron waste reduced the
workability of the gypsum paste and increased the water demand of the mixture. Reactivity and
hardening rate of the calsined waste materials was faster than the used commercial gypsum. When
the 90 oC calcined waste was used, density and the strength of the samples was decreased with
increased amount of calcined addition. However, when 120 oC calcined waste was used, strength of
the samples were increased. Gypsum based boron processing waste can be used as additive in
gypsum product with suitable set retarding chemical admixtures.
Keywords: Gypsum, Boron Waste, Recycling, Properties
*
20
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF EXPANDED PERLITE ON THE FLY ASH BASED GEO-POLYMER FOAM CONCRETE
M. SERHAT BAŞPINARa, CANSU DEMIRb, İSMAIL DEMIRc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Geopolymers are inorganic polymers which can be produced by reaction between alumino silicate
oxides (natural minerals or industrial wastes) and alkali silicates in alkaline medium. This reaction
results in amorphous to semi-crystalline three-dimensional polymeric structures, which consist of Si-
O-Al bonds. Suitable materials for geopolymerization contain alumina and silica as barrier phases,
like natural rocks or secondary raw materials (fly ash, slag and red mud).Cellular structure of
geopolymer foam can be prepared by chemical foaming agent. Reaction between aluminum powder
and alkali activator or decomposition of hydrogen- peroxide in geopolymers cause porous
structures.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the geopolymer foam concrete production by the
addition of expanded perlite. Geopolymer foam concrete production has unique problems such as,
stability of pores, high shrinkage and drying cracks. This study mainly focused on the elimination of
those three problems by the addition of expended perlite to the system. Fly ash (FA) and blast
furnace slag (BFS) were used as base geopolymerization materials. H2O2 (hydrogen- peroxide) was
used as foaming agent. Different sample series were prepared by changing the mix ratios of fly ash
and blast furnace slag. Physical and mechanical properties were tested. Mineralogical and
microstructural characterizations were done by XRD and SEM techniques.
As a result of the study, it was concluded that crack free dry geopolymer foam concretes were
obtained at 90%FA and 10% BFS composition. Increased addition of BFS resulted in crack formation.
Expanded perlite addition reduced the drying shrinkage significantly and prevented the crack
formation. 529 Kg/m3 and 1,55 MPa density-strength values were obtained which conforms the TSE
13655 (Foam concrete brick standards) . Studies showed that, expanded perlite addition is effective
way to reduce the drying shrinkage and cracks and at the same time reduce the density of the
geopolymer foam concrete blocks.
Keywords: Geopolymer, Foam, Fly Ash, Blast Furnace Slag, Perlite
*
21
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ASSESSMENT OF GENOTOXIC AND ANTIGENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF PULLULAN ON ISOLATED HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES
AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE USING COMET ASSAY
DENIZ YUZBASIOGLUa, ECE AVULOGLU-YILMAZb, ESRA ERIKELc, FATMA UNALd
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE AND ARTS FACULTY, AMASYA UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Pullulan is a water-soluble, viscous polysaccharide, an alpha-glucan, consisting of glucose units with
a relatively simple linear structure. It produced in aerobic medium from Aureobasidium pullulans.
Pullulan is frequently used as an additive in the pharmaceutical and food industries due to its
molecular properties. It is reported as nontoxic, non-mutagenic, non-carcinogenic, and non-
immunologic according to the studies performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the
potential genotoxic effects of pullulan, using in vitro comet assay. On the other hand, its possible
antigenotoxic effect against H2O2 (oxidant compound) genotoxicity was also investigated by using
the same assay. Comet assay was performed on isolated human peripheral lymphocytes from three
donors, two women and a man. Different concentrations of pullulan (250, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000
µg/mL) were administered cells for half an hour. The same concentrations were also used in
combination with 100 µM H2O2 for investigating antigenotoxic effects of pullulan. Application of
these concentrations together with H2O2 was performed in two different ways: 1) pre-treatment
(pullulan addition half an hour before H2O2 administration) 2) simultaneous treatment (pullulan
addition at the same time with H2O2 for a half an hour). Pullulan did not increase comet tail
intensity and tail moment compared to negative control. In contrary, it induced significant decrease
in both parameters at all concentrations (except 2000 µg/mL) compared to positive control in
simultaneous treatment. In pre-treatment, pullulan decreased tail intensity at all concentrations and
tail moment at three highest concentrations. These results indicate that pullulan has no genotoxic
effect in human lymphocytes. In contrary, pullulan may have protective and ameliorating effect
against H2O2 induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes. However, there is a need for further work
with different test systems.
Keywords: Genotoxicity, Antigenotoxicity, Pullulan, Human Lymphocytes, Comet Assay
*The authors thank to the Gazi University for the financial support under grant No: 05/2017-14.
22
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF SWEETENER XYLITOL ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES
ECE AVULOGLU-YILMAZa, FATMA UNALb, DENIZ YUZBASIOGLUc
aDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE AND ARTS FACULTY, AMASYA UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, SCIENCE FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Xylitol, like other polyol sweeteners, is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol. Natural sources of xylitol
include plums, strawberries, raspberries, rowan berries and more fruits and vegetables. Xylitol has
the same relative sweetness as sucrose, and it has been used as a sugar substitute, sweetener, for
dietary and medical purposes. In the present study, short-term genotoxicity assay (chromosomal
aberration assay = CA) was conducted to evaluate the potential genotoxic effects of xylitol in
cultured human lymphocytes. Peripheral venous blood was collected from healthy non-smoking
adults, one male and two female aged 27 years. Various concentrations (125, 250, 500, and 1000
µg/mL) of xylitol were applied to lymphocytes obtained from three donors for 24 and 48 h. A
negative (distilled water) and a positive control (MMC) were also maintained. Total of 300
metaphases were examined for each concentration (100 metaphases from each donor). The number
of CAs and frequency of abnormal cells were determined. 24 h treatment of xylitol did not affect the
frequency of chromosomal aberrations (except 1000 µg/mL for the number of CAs) compared with
negative control. 48 h treatment of xylitol increased the number of CAs and frequency of abnormal
cells, however this increase was significant at the two highest concentrations compared to the
control. According to our previous data, xylitol significantly increased the sister chromatid
exchange/Cell (SCE/cell) ratio at two highest concentrations at both 24 h and 48 h periods compared
to negative control. These data demonstrated that xylitol may have genotoxic risk to human
lymphocytes in vitro at high concentrations. However, other toxicity tests should also be applied for
detail analysis.
Keywords: Genotoxicity, Sweetener, Human Lymphocytes, Sister Chromatid Exchange.
*
23
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COASTLINE CHANGE DETECTION BY USING DIGITAL SHORELINE ANALYSIS SYSTEM (DSAS) AND REMOTE SENSING
TUNCAY KULELIa, SEYMA BAYAZITb
aBODRUM MARITIME VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, MUGLA SK UNIVERSITY
bFACULTY OF MARITIME BANDIRMA ONYEDI EYLUL UNIVERSITY TURKEY
Abstract:
In this study, under the Iztuzu Coastal Management plan conducted by Mugla Sitki Kocman
University, processes such as erosion / accretion and coastline change were investigated in İztuzu
(Turtle Beach) beach. The aerial photos of 1939, 1972, 1975, 1992 and 2009 from the General
Command of Mapping and as seasonal images from Drone vehicles were used. As a time series,
coastlines obtained by digitasing from data sources in different dates were analyzed using the Digital
Shoreline Analysis System (DAS) working in geographical information system. For coastline change
analysis, 16 units of transect were used at 250m intervals on the Iztuzu coast, which has a coastal
length of about 4.5 km. A 77 years of erosion/accretion change in each transect was calculated as
meter/year. The change in a period of 77 years has been determined between + 0.30 m/year and -
0.30 m/yr. Since this change is below the resolution, scale and error rate of the satellite images and
aerial photographs used, no significant coastline change has been observed. As a result of the
analysis, except for the seasonal sand dune movements, it has been determined that the Iztuzu
coastline changes are stable and there is no erosion/accretion. Consequently, according to data
obtained from field studies, the Iztuzu coast is in a balanced state for natural processes and the
reason for this is that for many years (the same as the aerial photograph of 1939 years), any human
being on the beach be evaluated as a sample field in terms of protection and use balance.
This research was supported by project number 16/081 by the Coordination Unit of the Scientific
Research Projects of Mugla Sitki Kocman University.
Keywords: DSAS, Coastline, Change Detection, Iztuzu
*
24
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE IN BODRUM PENINSULA
TUNCAY KULELIa, SEYMA BAYAZITb
aBODRUM MARITIME VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, MUGLA SK UNIVERSITY
bFACULTY OF MARITIME BANDIRMA ONYEDI EYLUL UNIVERSITY, TURKEY
Abstract:
Climatic changes entail impacts which may vary regionally, with potentially both positive impacts for
some sectors and regions, and negative impacts for others. Maritime infrastructure is not insulated
from climate changes; type, range and magnitude of impacts vary according to local conditions,
transportation systems, designs and policies, as well as the capacity to adapt and minimize costs.
Like other coastal infrastructure, port facilities, including docks and bridges, may have to be raised to
accommodate higher tides and storm surges, as sea levels rises. Bodrum, which is home to four
largest ports in the Aegean Sea, relative to sea level rise could lead to significant disruptions and
damage. Bodrum coastal zone elevation to sea level rise was illustrated by using digital elevation
model and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) methods. It was intended to determine maritime
infrastructure at risk by using high resolution SRTM topographic, orthorectified Landsat TM, and
field survey data with GIS methods within 0-10 m. elevation of peninsula level. As a result of the
analysis, it was found that in large part of land area lies below 10 m. contour line in the Bodrum, that
is hence highly vulnerable to sea-level rise. Due to rising sea levels, floods and inundations entail
heavy consequences for transport infrastructure which may cause damage to terminals, intermodal
facilities, freight villages, storage and warehousing areas. Increased sediment mobility and changes
in erosion-sedimentation patterns around port area and access channels could also complicate
maritime operations and raise operating costs because of the need for dredging. Adaptation involves
enhancing the resilience of infrastructure and operations through, inter alia, changes in operations,
management practices, planning activities and design specifications and standards. This may involve
integrating climate change considerations into investment and planning decisions, as well as into
broader transport design and development plans.
Keywords: Climate Change, Bodrum, Sea Level, Port, Cruise
*
25
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF ACCURACIES FROM DIFFERENT WAVELET METHODS IN EMOTION ESTIMATION BASED ON EEG SIGNALS BY
APPLYING KNN CLASSIFIER
TALHA BURAK ALAKUSa, IBRAHIM TURKOGLUb
aKIRKLARELI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
bFIRAT UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Emotion has an important role in people’s daily lives and affects the brain functions all the time.
They are stated by the people through words, facial expressions, audio signals and body language
with intentionally or unintentionally. There are many applications which are generally used in
different areas based on EEG signals exist in order to determine the distinct emotions. Yet the
performance of these applications is not at the desired level because of some artefacts, data
corruption and wrong choice of classifier and feature extraction techniques.
The purpose of this study is to determine the best wavelet decomposition method with given
feature extraction methods and database. In this study, we used publicly available dataset (DEAP) to
classify different emotions. To do that 32 different EEG channels were examined and arousal-valence
emotion space was used. Our proposed method consists of four stages. In the first part, signals were
normalized to scale every point of the signal in the range of [0,1]. After that, three different (Symlet,
Daubechies and Morlet) wavelets were applied to decompose the original signals into the subsignals.
In the third part, some information measurement and statistical methods were used to determine
the feature vector space. In the last stage, feature vectors were used as an input to KNN (K Nearest
Neighbour) classifier to discriminate emotions. Classification accuracies were observed and their
performance was compared. Comparison results determined based on 4-fold cross-validation
technique and classification accuracy. Classification performance was found 75%, 76% and 78% for
Symlet, Daubechies and Morlet respectively.
Keywords: EEG, Emotion Recognition, Classification, K Nearest Neighbours, EEG Channels, Wavelet
Decomposition, Entropy.
*
26
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETRY: METHODOLOGY AND APLICATIONS
HÜSEYIN ALI YALIMa, AYLA GÜMÜŞb, RIDVAN ÜNALc
aPHYSICS DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND LITERATURE, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bPHYSICS DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND LITERATURE, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cHEALTH SERVICES VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, UŞAK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Gamma-ray spectrometry is a well-established analytical method that enables identifying and
quantifying of gamma emitting isotopes in a variety of matrices. Main purpose of the gamma ray
spectrometry is to determine the radioactivity concentration and measurement uncertainty of the
gamma-emitting radionuclide. Several gamma emitting radionuclei can be detected from a single
measurement of a little sample using gamma ray spectrometry. The measurement provides a
spectrum of lines whose amplitude is proportional to the activity of the radionuclide and its position
on the horizontal axis corresponds to its releasing energy.
Wide variety of the radionuclide, energy range, radioactivity concentration level, sample shape and
sample composition of the naturally occurring and artificial radionuclides can be measured with the
gamma spectrometric technique. Gamma ray spectrometry is commonly used for monitoring in
nuclear facilities, health physics applications, nuclear medicine and bioscience studies, material
researches, environmental sciences, and industrial uses of radioisotopes.
Keywords: Gamma-Ray Spectrometry, Radionuclide, Radioactivity Concentration, Environmental
Sciences, Health Physics
*This study is supported by Afyon Kocatepe University Science Research Projects Coordination Unit with the
grant [17.KARİİYER.95]
27
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URANIUM/THORIUM AND RADON CONCENTRATIONS IN SOIL
HÜSEYIN ALI YALIMa, AYLA GÜMÜŞb, RIDVAN ÜNALc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Humans are exposed both to natural radiation from the radioactive elements that have existed in
the earth's crust since the formation of the earth and the high-energy cosmic rays and to artificial
radiation from medical applications and sparrows after nuclear tests, and all living things are being
constantly living together with natural radiation since born. The basic levels of natural radiation vary
depending on the geological and geographical structure of the region. The mineralogical structures
of the soils and rocks, as well as geographical height, affect the basic radiation level of the zone. The
most important of those affecting human beings are radon gas derived from uranium and thorium.
The determination of natural background radiation levels is of great importance for all living things.
In order to determine whether the living zone is healthy in terms of natural radiation, the
concentrations of the radionuclides in the surrounding environment, which form the natural
radiation sources, and the effects of radiation on people with all the living things must be
determined. In this study, it was aimed to determine the background radiation level of the soil
(238U, 232Th and 40K) in the city center of Afyonkarahisar and to evaluate the relation between the
obtained uranium and thorium values and the radon concentration values determined in soil gas.
Keywords: Natural Radioactivity, Uranium, Thorium, Radon, Soil, Afyonkarahisar
*
28
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
REMOVAL OF LEAD FROM WATER BY HYDROXYAPATITE OBTAINED FROM FISH FLAKES
YAĞMUR UYSALa, ERTUĞRUL ATICIb
aENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE FACULTY,
KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY
bENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE FACULTY,
KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Lead (Pb) ions one of the high priority dangerous heavy metals in terms of human and
environmental risks. Environmental protection legislation and public environmental issues
encourage the search new techniques for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater.
Many adsorbents have been used to remove lead ions from aqueous media. These adsorbents have
been used in raw materials or on modified surfaces. There is an increasing demand to find
adsorbents that are relatively efficient, low cost and easily available for lead adsorption. In this
study, lead removal was investigated by using a novel adsorbent of hydroxyapatite produced from
waste fish flakes. Synthetic solutions were prepared by diluting the lead stock standard solution, and
the concentrations of lead ions were measured by spectrophotometer using the standard method.
Lead removal efficiencies were calculated using standard batch adsorption method in order to find
optimal pH, optimal adsorbent dose, optimal time and optimal initial concentration. According to
the experimental results, it was found that lead removal from water by hyroxyapatite was optimal in
the conditions of pH 4.0, adsorbent dose of 0.1 g, 60 min and in initial lead concentration of 20 mg/L.
The removal efficiencies were determined as in the range of 93-95%.
Keywords: Adsorption, Fish Flakes, Heavy Metal, Lead Removal
*
29
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
REMOVAL OF ZINC FROM WASTEWATER USING MAGNETIC HYDROXAPATITE NANOCOMPOSITE
YAĞMUR UYSALa, AHMET CANBAKIŞb
aKAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE FACULTY DEPT.
OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
bKAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE FACULTY DEPT.
OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Wastewaters from industrial uses contain high concentration of heavy and dangerous metals. These
residual solutions cannot be discharged into the sewer without an appropriate treatment. Because
these materials tend to accumulation in the environment and lead to serious damages. Zinc is one of
the essential elements for living organisms, but the high concentration levels of Zn(II) (5 mg/L)
according to the World Health Organization (WHO) has been listed as a very hazardous and toxic for
the human health. Therefore, (WHO) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
have determined limit value for zinc in drinking water. Because of these reasons, zinc containing
wastewater should be treat for zinc and other heavy metals. In this study, the adsorption which is an
easily applicable and effective method for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater has been
selected. Magnetite hydroxyapatite nanocomposite has been chosen as an adsorbent because it has
low cost, high stability, easy to use, and effective sorption power. The magnetite hydroxyapatite
nanocomposite was chemically obtained under laboratory conditions. The batch adsorption
experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions to find out optimum pH, optimum adsorbent
dose, optimum initial concentration and optimum mixing time. As a result of these studies, the best
removal values were obtained at pH 6.0, adsorbent dose of 6.25 g/L, initial Zn(II) concentration of 25
mg/L, and 30 min. This study was showed that the magnetite hydroxyapatite nanocomposite is an
effective adsorbent for the removal of zinc from wastewater.
Keywords: Adsorption, Heavy Metal, Magnetic Hydroxapatite, Zinc Removal
*
30
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF COOLING RATE ON THE MICROSTRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS
ALPAY TAMER ERTURKa, FAHRI VATANSEVERb, SEDAT KARABAYc
aKOCAELI UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENG DEPT
bKOCAELI UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENG DEPT
cKOCAELI UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENG DEPT
Abstract:
Cooling rate of molten alloys has a vital role on microstructure, quality and properties of casting
products. Increasing cooling rate generally results in thinner microstructure so that mechanical
properties such as hardness and tensile strength increase. However high cooling rates of molten
alloy have such good results, it may cause problems as casting defects. In this study, a hypo-eutectic
aluminum-silicon alloy was cast and solidified at same conditions but two different cooling rates.
Microstructures of these two samples were characterized by an optical microscope and secondary
dendrite arms spacing (SDAS). SDAS was measured as a criterion for evaluating dendritic
microstructures. Also, hardness tests were carried out. According to obtained results, higher cooling
rate decreases SDAS and increases the hardness of the material.
Keywords: Cooling Rate, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Aluminum Alloys
*
31
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC MELT TREATMENT ON THE MICROSTRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM
ALLOYS
FAHRI VATANSEVERa, ALPAY TAMER ERTURKb, SEDAT KARABAYc
aKOCAELI UNIVERSITY MECHANICAL ENG DEPT
bMECH. ENG. DEPT., KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
cMECH. ENG. DEPT., KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Ultrasonic melt treatment can be simply defined as transferring ultrasonic vibration energy into
molten alloy in order to improve microstructural and mechanical properties of the alloy. This process
is also called as ultrasonic treatment, ultrasonic stirring or ultrasonic vibration treatment. It provides
a thinner and more homogenized microstructure. Thus improved the mechanical properties as
hardness, yield strength, elongation. The process also decreases segregation and increases density
by removing dissolved gases. An alloy can be treated by ultrasonic vibration at the liquid state or
during solidification. Also, a molten alloy can be treated by both directly (using a radiator) or
indirectly. The effect of ultrasonic melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of
aluminum alloys by means of its advantages, difficulties and grain refinement mechanisms are
discussed in this paper.
Keywords: Ultrasonic Vibration, Aluminum Alloys, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties
*
32
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NANO TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION IN TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
BOCA GRATIELA DANAa, SINAN SARACLIb
aTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY CLUJ NAPOCA, NORTH CENTER UNIVERSITY BAIA MARE, FACULTY OF
SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, ROMANIA
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Nanotechnologies represent engineering on a very small scale. They can be applied in many areas,
such as: health and medicine, information and communication technology and energy and the
environment. Nanotechnologies are currently considered "emerging technologies" that can
revolutionize a large number of application domains. Nanotechnologies can have some
revolutionary implications for our society in terms of applications or tools that can be accomplished.
Nanotechnology is impacting businesses and will offer new and improved products and processes
and will allow companies to innovate and enter with new generation products on a new global
market. The paper present the impact of nanotechnology in Maramures County between 580
students from 11 High Schools with different specialization.. The research identify the barriers and
the needs of innovation knowledge transfer for sustainable education system. The identify factors EE
(external environment), IE( internal environment), SE(social environment), CE (cultural environment)
can influence the orientation of students in their carrier. The cultural barriers in technological
culture give the opportunity to develop and implement new tools and methods for future
generation.
Keywords: Innovation, Knowledge Management, Transfer Of Information, Barriers
*
33
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AGEING AND TACKINESS PROPERTIES UPON WEATHERING OF NATURAL RUBBER CUP LUMP /EPDM RUBBER BLEND
RAHMAH MOHAMEDa, AHMAD KHUSYAIRI ABD RAHMANb, NUR KHAIRUNNISYA HANAFIc
aUNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA( UITM)
bUNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA ( UITM)
cUNIVERISTY TECHNOLOGY MAR ( UITM)
Abstract:
Natural antioxidant function to improve the aging properties of polymers. In this work, effect of
mangosteen peel powder as natural antioxidants on ageing properties of Natural Rubber (NR) Cup
Lump blended with Ethylene Propylene diene monomer ( EPDM ) rubber as a sealant had been
studied and compared without mangosteen peel powder. Aging effects, tackiness and weight loss
upon weather exposure had been analysed. Increasing amount of mangosteen peel powder had
maintained sealant properties such as tackiness properties, reduced weight loss and resist aging by
weathering exposure.. Mangosteen peel powder contained polyphenol proven in preventing
degradation. Weathering tests performed for two weeks showed weathering degradation effect
through loss of diene from isoprene group in samples without mangosteen powder incorporation.
From this studies, NR with mangosteen powder had successfully acted as an antioxidant in
preventing NR earlier degradation
Keywords: Natural Antioxidant ; Mangosteen Powder ; Weathering ; Degradation ; Natural Rubber
(NR) Cup Lump
*University
34
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CORRUGATED PAPER ADHESIVE STRENGTH AND SOLID CONTENT USING DIFFERENT FORMULATION OF STARCH AND PVA
RAHMAH MOHAMEDa, NUR KHAIRUNNISYAb
aUNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA
bUNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA ( UITM)
Abstract:
In this research, starch adhesives were prepared using different formulation of sago starch(SS) and
PVA for corrugated paper board. Starch adhesive had long been use for adhesion of paper box but
the strength of these boxes are weak and may vary according to type of starch, presence of additives
and their solid content. An adhesive is produce by mixing sago starch of various composition with
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The adhesive is applied to the paper boxes and the sample was dried at
room temperature. Characterizations of the specimen were observed via Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR) , Lap Shear Strength and Total Solid Content. From the result, PVA helps the
adhesive to enhance its mechanical properties. Higher content of PVA formulation had increased
the lap shear strength of the adhesive and cohesive strength of starch/ PVA adhesive is stronger
than cohesion strength of corrugated paper. Through starch modification, the mechanical properties
and solid content are being control to about 24% and drying time are shorter for higher PVA content.
Keywords: Corrugated Paper Adhesive ; Sago Starch ; Total Solid Content ; FTIR; Lap Shear Strength.
*University
35
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
IDENTIFICATION OF WILD PLANTS WHICH AS VEGETABLE CONSUMED IN VAN PROVINCE IN TURKEY
BURCU TUNCERa
aVAN YUZUNCU YIL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
Abstract:
This study was carried out in Gurpinar district of Van province for the determination of wild plant
species which have economic importance, medical value and sold in public markets. For this
purpose, during April 2016 - August 2016 trips were organized to district, the wild plants that were
gathered intensively in the region and consumed as vegetables were detected, the original
photographs of the plants were taken and the usage areas of the plants were determined by taking
information from the local people. As a result of the study, the wild plant species naturally grown in
the region were identified as Rheum ribes L., Eremurus spectablis M. Bieb, Ferula orientalis L.,
Chaerophyllum macrospermum (Spreng.) Fisch., Arum elongatum Steven, Crocus biflorus Miller
subsp. Tauri (Maw) Mathew, Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae, Thymus migricus Klokov Et Des.-Shost.
Additionally, the usage areas in the literature, morphological characteristics and nutritional values of
these species have been compiled. In addition to these species, there were also taken original
photographs of the different wild species sold in public markets in Van province (Central) and
determined their economic importance.
Keywords: Wild Plants, Medical And Economic Value, Morphology
*
36
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
WORLD AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND LIVESTOCK STATISTICS
SELÇUK SEÇKIN TUNCERa
aDEPARTMENT OF CROP AND ANIMAL PRODUCTION, OZALP VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, UNIVERSITY OF
YUZUNCU YIL
Abstract:
This study was conducted to present the current state of animal production in the world, which is
very important for an adequate and balanced diet. Nearly half of the world’s food production is
carried out in Asia; however, in terms of daily animal production per capita, the USA and Australia
are 2 times higher than the world average. In terms of sheep-goat meat and pork production, Asia
produces more than half of the world’s production and approximately 45% of wool production. In
beef and chicken-turkey meat production, America is the leading continent whereas Europe is the
leading continent in terms of dairy production. In developed countries, the share of plant and animal
production as economic value in agricultural production is almost equal, whereas in less developed
countries, animal production comprises 17% of total production. These results can be explained by
the developments that developed countries have in agricultural production technology. Therefore,
agriculture should be supported in underdeveloped and developing countries.
Keywords: Agricultural Production, Livestock, Statistics, World
*
37
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF CHEMICAL ETCHING ON LINEAR LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (LLDPE) /CHITOSAN BLEND FILM
SITI AISHAH BINTI MOHD ISAa, RAHMAH MOHAMEDb, RAJA ROSLAN MOHAMEDc
aUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
bUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
cUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
Abstract:
Nowadays, waste natural polymer such as chitosan had created alternative material for food
packaging as it is more safe and environmental friendly, cheap, biodegradation and biocompatibility
properties. In this work, Chitosan had been employed and blended with Linear Low Density
Polyethylene (LLDPE) with different composition via twin screw extrusion. Chitosan having
antimicrobial properties had to be sandwiched to optimize antimicrobial properties as too low
antimicrobial activity earlier were found for blended chitosan/LLDPE film. Surface treatment of
LLDPE via acid chemical etching technique were performed. Effect of film surface by chemical
etching were examined through morphological SEM analysis. Structural feature was analyzed with
FTIR and surface adhesion were found to be enhanced with higher chemical etching concentration.
Keywords: Surface Modification, Hydrophilicity, Adhesion , Chitosan
*
38
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THERMAL CHARACTERISATION OF BLOWN LLDPE/CHITOSAN BLEND FILM
SITI AISHAH BINTI MOHD ISAa, RAHMAH MOHAMEDb, RAJA ROSLAN MOHAMEDc
aUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
bUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
cUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
Abstract:
Waste natural polymer such as chitosan can be the future material in food packaging as it is
biodegradable and have antimicrobial properties. In this work, melt compounding of Chitosan had
been blended in this work with Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) using twin screw
compounder for use in film blown extrusion.The Film blowing process was used to produce
packaging film. Different composition of Chitosan and LLDPE were fabricated into films. Thermal
characterization of chitosan/ LLDPE were performed with Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) .
Crystallinity of the films, their compatibility and melt temperature for each blends showed
LLDPE/Chitosan blend lower than pure LLDPE composition and Thermal Gravimetric .
Keywords: Surface Modification, Hydrophilicity, Adhesion , Chitosan , Antimicrobial Film
*
39
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM SEED OF SWEET FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE MILL. VAR. DULCE)
BELGIN COŞGE ŞENKALa, CÜNEYT CESURb, HÜLYA DOĞANc, TANSU USKUTOĞLUd
aBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FIELD CROPS DEPARTMENT
bBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FIELD CROPS DEPARTMENT
cBOZOK UNIVERSITY dBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FIELD CROPS DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. dulce) belonging to Apiaceae family is a valuable
medicinal and aromatic plant. Its seeds and essential oil are used in foods or drinks, cosmetic and
pharmaceutical products. In this study, essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from seed of
sweet fennel grown on the trial field were analyzed by GC-MS. Trans-anethole, estragole and
fenchone were recorded as main components in the essential oil investigated. The disc diffusion
assay was used to screen for antibacterial activity against four bacteria, Streptococcus pyogenes and
Staphylococcus aureus which are Gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa which are Gram-negative bacteria. Our findings showed the following order in the
sensitivity to the essential oil, as indicated by the corresponding inhibition zones: S. pyogenes ˃ S.
aureus ˃ E. coli ˃ P. aeruginosa. Also, the inhibilon zones of the essenlal oil varied from 7.27 mm to
11.17 mm.
Keywords: Fennel, Essential Oil, GC-MS, Antibacterial Activity
*
40
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THERMAL LOSSES IN POWER CABLES
MEHMET MURAT ISPIRLIa, AYSEL ERSOY YILMAZb
aMARMARA UNIVERSITY, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
bISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY, ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Electrical power transmission is maintained by underground cables or aerial cables. Transmission
using aerial cables is still carry on its popularity. However, the rise in the population living in cities
and the growing demand forced electrical suppliers to use underground and underwater crossings
more practical than overhead transmission lines. In this study, thermal losses in power cables are
experimentally investigated by using a test set up. In these experiments, the effect of aerial and
underwater environment on performance is investigated on high voltage power cables. In order to
investigate the current-temperature relationship of the power cable in the air and water, the cyclic
heating experiment is applied. The aim of this experimental study is to determine temperature on
sheath and conductor for two different environments.
Keywords: Power Cable, Heating, Underwater Application, Current-Temperature Relationship
*Also, we thanks to “Marmara University, Technology Faculty” for publication fee.
41
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ULTRAVIOLET EFFECT ON SILICONE-RUBBER ISOLATORS
ASLIHAN ÇELİKa, MEHMET MURAT ISPIRLIb, AYSEL ERSOY YILMAZc
aISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING,ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
bMARMARA UNIVERSITY, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
cISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY,ELECTRICAL-ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Polymers are frequently used in many equipment in high voltage lines. Recently, polymer isolator is
produced from silicon-rubber materials in order to reduce isolator loads. These silicon-rubber
isolators used in the outdoor environment are exposed some heavy conditions. One of these
environmental conditions is sun rays. Sun rays are called ultraviolet radiation in the literature. In this
study, silicon-rubber samples were aged 200 and 400 hours under the ultraviolet radiation stress by
waiting. Later, these aged samples and un-aged samples were tested in the prepared test setup. It
was prepared according to IEC 587 Inclined Plane Test Method. Experiments were repeated for each
samples groups.
Keywords: Ultraviolet Effect
*
42
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
41
HEAT TRANSFER OF A NON-NEWTONIAN MHD BOUNDARY LAYER FLUID FLOW WITH ACTIVE AND PASSIVE CONTROLS OF
NANOPARTICLES
NOOR FADIYA MOHD NOORa, NAJWA AHDA RAMLYb
aINSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA (UM),
MALAYSIA
bINSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA (UM),
MALAYSIA
Abstract:
In this paper, active and passive controls of nanoparticles in a Sisko fluid flow are considered. An
external magnetic force is applied normal to the stretching surface beneath the non-Newtonian
flow. The governing equations of the model in the form of partial differential equations, are later
transformed to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using suitable similarity
variables. A numerical scheme is employed to solve the ODE system. The flow velocity, temperature
and nanoparticles profiles are examined. The heat transfer of the flow is analysed. Comparison
between the effects of active and passive controls of nanoparticles in the non-Newtonian flow is also
discussed.
Keywords: Boundary Layer, Non-Newtonian, Nanofluids, Passive Control, Stretching
*This work is funded by the Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2015/SG04/UM/02/1: FP016-
2015A)
43
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COTTON FABRICS COATED WITH MYRISTIC ACID/ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES: PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION, SURFACE
WETTABILITY AND RESISTIVITY DATA
YASEMIN SEKİa
aDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In order to enhance properties of textiles, nano-coating the surface of textiles is an alternative way
for production of technical textiles having different functional properties. Nano-particles can provide
high durability for treated fabrics, with respect to conventional materials. It is noteworthy that
matrix material can play a significant role in affecting nano-particles distribution on surface of a
fabric. Myristic acid is a commonly used saturated fatty acid has a sufficiently high hydrophobicity.
According to our best knowledge, no study was found on the applicability of myristic acid as a matrix
material for dispersion of ZnO nano-particles on the surface of the fabrics. [In this study, cotton
woven fabric was coated with myristic acid added with ZnO nano-particles to examine mainly
conductivity performance. In treatment, the amount of myristic acid varied in order to determine
the effect on static contact angle measurement and electrical conductivity. Additionally, the
morphological and chemical properties were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The amount of myristic acid varied in order to
examine the influence on the properties of the cotton fabrics. According to the results, new
absorption peaks were introduced on the fiber presenting free COO band, –CH bending of CH2 and
CH3 groups and C–O–C bands of myristic acid. Based on SEM images, nanoparticles well distributed
in the myristic acid. The myristic acid/ZnO nano particles coating increased contact angle values that
means enhancement in the surface hyrophobicitiy. The main result is that the treatment decreased
surface resistivity of the cotton fabric from 11 x1011 ohm sq-1 to 7x109 ohm sq-1. Accordingly, it is
determined that myristic acid/ZnO nano-particles treatment enhanced electrical conductivity of the
cotton fabrics.
Keywords: Cotton, Zinc Oxide, Myristc Acid, Surface Resistivity
*
44
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF OKRA FIBERS: IONIC LIQUID MODIFICATION
YASEMIN SEKİa, AHMET ÇAĞRI KILINÇb, SERHAN KÖKTAŞc, RAMAZAN DALMIŞd
aDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
bDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
cDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY dDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Okra fibres are botanically named as Abelmoschus esculentus and extracted from the stem of the
okra bahmia plant, a plant of the Malvaceae family. Okra is a good alternative for manufacturing of
doors for house hold purposes with light weight. However, okra fibers are modified to enhance fiber
surface properties in order to enhance interfacial properties with polymeric materials in composites.
In addition to commonly used surface treatments, ionic liquids can be good alternatives for cellulosic
fibers. The ionic liquids are generally used for manufacturing regenerated cellulose fibers and also
enhancing dyeability, antifungal property, electrical conductivity and UV protection performance of
fibers. To our best knowledge, there is no research to examine the ionic liquids on okra fibers. The
aim of this study is to examine the effect of ionic liquid treatment on chemical, thermal, structural
and morphological properties of the okra fibers. For this purpose, methyl-tri-n-butylammonium
methyl sulfate (BIL), was used an ionic liquid to modify surface characteristics of cellulose based okra
fibers. The chemistry and crystalline structure of the fibers were studied by fourier transform
infrared (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of modification on thermal degradation
behaviour of the fibers was revealed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface topography
was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the experimental results, the
maximum degradation temperatures of the okra fibers decreased after ionic liquid treatment.
However, char yield values increased that can mean enhancement in the flame retardancy of the
okra fibers. The surface of the fiber was coated and the intercellular spaces were filled with ionic
liquid. Crystallinity index of the okra fibers was not significantly affected by the ionic liquid possibly
due to the surface treatment effect. The intensities of the functional groups of the fibers presented
increasing tendency after treatments.
Keywords: Okra Fiber, Ionic Liquid, Modification
*
45
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AN IRRIGATION SYSTEM SUPPORTED BY IOT AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ÖMER AYDINa, UMUT KIRAÇb, CEM ALI KANDEMİRc, FERIŞTAH DALKILIÇd
aFACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
bCOMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
cCOMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY dCOMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Today, along with the depletion of water resources in the world; it is predicted that the need for
clean water will increase. Unconscious irrigation in the field of agriculture is rapidly consuming clean
water resources. It also reduces the yield in agricultural products. With the effects of global
warming, water becomes more valuable.
Along with the development of technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has begun to spread in all
areas. Superior decision-making can be established by the fact that computers are more advanced
than humans and open to development. The moisture, temperature and mineral values in the soil
can be measured with very small tolerances and it is possible to make inferences accordingly. While
it is very difficult for humans to give water as much as needed and when it is needed, it is an activity
that computers can do. In this paper, studies were made to combine IoT technology with artificial
intelligence. The information gained with the help of microcontrollers and sensors was processed by
machine learning and automatic decision making structure was created for future situations.
The gains obtained in this paper are; avoiding unconscious water use in the field of irrigation; to
increase production efficiency in irrigation with optimum level of irrigation; to reduce water loss and
thus costs in the field of production; to minimize the amount of human power consumed; to prevent
mistakes made from human weaknesses; to provide manual control through remote access where it
is difficult to physically reach the area to be irrigated.
Keywords: Irrigation, Internet Of Things, Sensor, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence
*
46
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A HYBRID RANDOM NUMBER GENERATOR FOR LIGHTWEIGHT CRYPTOSYSTEMS: XORSHIFTLPLUS
ÖMER AYDINa, GÖKHAN DALKILIÇb
aFACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
bCOMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Lightweight devices such as radio frequency identification tags, smart cards, wireless sensor nodes
and devices belong to Internet of Things concept continue to grow day by day, so there exists a
serious need for effective and lightweight security structures for them. In this paper, an effective
and lightweight pseudo random number generator seeded by the non-random hardware source is
proposed. Built-in temperature sensor is used to seed the lightweight pseudo random number
generator as a hardware source. The proposed hybrid generator is built on the structure of xorshift.
This generator is ultralight version of xorshift with fewer number of shift, XOR operations and the
short bit length of the seeds. The new and lightweight generator is called the xorshiftLplus in which
“L” stands for “lightweight”, demonstrated great suitability for lightweight devices considering its
randomness, performance and resource usage. This random number generator is tested for the
three EPC™ Gen-2 Class 1 conditions that is mentioned in EPC™ Gen-2 Class 1 document and with
NIST randomness test suite. It is implemented on WISP passive RFID tag to investigate time and
resource usage.
Keywords: Xorshift, Lightweight Hybrid Random Number Generator, Internet Of Things, WISP, Nist
*This study is supported by The Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with the project
number 215E225.
47
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF MICROMONOSPORA, NONOMURAEA AND STREPTOMYCES STRAINS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT
HABITATS
FADIME ÖZDEMIR KOÇAKa
aBILECIK ŞEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Actinobacteria is among the largest group of Bacteria with 5 subclasses, 6 orders, and 14 suborders.
Micromonospora strains, an important member of this family, are widely distributed in natural
habitats such as marine sediment, forest soil, volcanic sediment and rhizosphere of different plants.
Members of the genus Nonomuraea are widespread in nature, e.g. in soil, rhizosphere, marine and
river sediments. Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinobacteria with 838 species and 38
subspecies. Soil is the main flora of Streptomyces.
In the present study, Actinobacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from different
habitats. Samples were dried and decontaminated prior to isolation which was conducted using
dilution plate technique. SM3, GYM agar, Bennett agar and TYG agar were utilized as selective
isolation media and strains were obtained after incubation at 28 ° C for 6-8 weeks. Identification in
genus level was made via 16S rRNA sequence analysis.
Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that isolates had been related to
Micromonospora, Nonomuraea and Streptomyces genus. Micromonospora sp. coded as KSC21 had
98.9% relationship with M. vinacea. Nonomuraea sp. GBT12 isolate revealed close similarity (99.4% ;
7 nt difference) with type strain of N. muscovyensis. Nonomuraea sp. GBTUV-09 had been identified
as close relative to N. dietzia (97.5%; 34 nt difference). Streptomyces sp. GBT02, GBTUV-09, KSC08,
PRG02 and PRG26, PRG04 and VYN22 isolates were found to be related to S. netropis (99.1%; 12 nt
difference); S. pratensis (99.9%; 1 nt difference); S. amritsarensis (99.4%; 8 nt difference); S.
glomeroauranticus (98.5%; 21 nt difference); S. jianaisiensis (99.4%; 8 nt difference) and S. galilaeus
(99.5%; 9 nt difference), respectively.
Results indicated a strong chance of Micromonospora sp. KSC21, Nonomurae sp. GBTUV-09,
Streptomyces sp. GBT02 and PRG02 isolates being new species. Their identification using polyphasic
methods will be performed in the near future.
Keywords: Soil, Micromonospora Sp., Nonomurae Sp, Streptomyces Sp., 16S Rrna.
*
48
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROVIRGA STRAIN ISOLATED FROM SAKARYA RIVER SEDIMENT
FADIME ÖZDEMIR KOÇAKa, UĞUR ÇİĞDEMb, CIHAN DARCANc, NEVZAT ŞAHİNd
aBILECIK ŞEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY
bBILECIK ŞEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY
cBILECIK ŞEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY dONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Microvirga genus that belonged to the family Methylobacteriaceae was first idendified by Kanso and
Patel (2003) with the type species Microvirga subterranea isolated from geothermal waters. The
cells of Microvirga species are Gram-stain negative, catalase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped
cells and reduce nitrate to nitrite. Predominant isoprenoid quinone of Microvirga genus members is
Q-10 and G+C contents DNA of their are approximately 61.5–64.3 mol%. Microvirga could be
isolated from different habitat such as soil, rhizosphere and geothermal waters (Dahal and Kim.,
2017; Radl et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2009).
During a course of study on the microbial diversity of the Sakarya River sediment of Sakarya river in
Çifteler, Eskişehir, Turkey, sediments collected from different locations such as source water outlet
point, plant rhizosphere and open field sediment of Sakarya river. Sediment samples from 4
different points utilized in selective isolation procedures, sucrose centrifugation gradient and
dilution plate technique were among them. SM3, starch-casein agar, ISP1, ISP2, Bennett agar and
tripton yeast extract agar were used as selective isolation medium. Plates were incubated at 28°C for
6-8 weeks. Taxonomic position of isolates obtained from sediment was determined by 16S rRNA
sequence analysis in the present study. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed
that one of the isolates had been closely related to Microvirga genus. Micromonospora sp. coded as
S1S32 had 98.51% (20 nt difference) relationship with M. soli. 16S rRNA sequence similarities
between S1S32 isolate and type strain of recognized species in the databases were 98.04% (27 nt
difference) to Microvirga aerilata.
Based on phylogenetic analyzes, S1S32 Microvirga sp. was identified as candidate of possible new
species. In order to identify this isolate, analyzes involving numerical, molecular and
chemotaxonomic characters will be carried out in the near future.
Keywords: River Sediment, Selective Isolation, Microvirga, 16S Rrna
*Financial support of Bilecik Seyh Edebali University (Project no. 2016-01.BŞEÜ.13-01) was gratefully
acknowledged.
49
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
RECYCLING OF WASTE MUSSEL SHELLS TO PRODUCE PARTICLE REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
CEMAL KOÇHANa
aDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Aim of the study is recycling of waste mussel shells to produce particle reinforced polymeric
composite materials. Biodegradable and recycled materials are getting more and more common in
the composite material production because it helps to reduce environmental pollution.
Biodegradable materials are degrade naturally by time. For this reason, they are not a part of
environmental pollution. On the other hand, recycled materials could be biodegradable or not. Even
they are not, because of reusing of the waste it is still one of the way to reduce pollution. If
recyclable materials selected from waste such as mussel shells, nut shells, egg shells it helps to
reduce production cost, as well. In this study, production of particle reinforced polymeric composite
by recycling waste mussel shells and epoxy resin is presented. Vacuum assisted resin infusion
method (VARIM) was used and %71 volumetric particle ratio was achieved for composite. After then,
five specimens prepared for each compression test three point flexural test. Then, tests were
conducted according to ASTM D 3410 and ASTM D 790, respectively. Average compression load and
max stress of five specimens are 10.46kN and 117.92 MPa, respectively. Average three point
bending test results is 2.11 mm centre deflection and 537 N bending load, respectively. According to
this results, flexural modulus, stress and strain of the composite could be found as 36.72 GPa, 75
MPa and 0.002, respectively. Vikers hardness test was also conducted with 1.961 N load and average
hardness of five points 169 HV was found. In conclusion, according to results of the study it is
possible to suggest that waste mussel shells can be used as a reinforcement material for polymeric
composite materials.
Keywords: Mussel Shell, Particle Reinforced Composites, Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Method,
Mechanical Properties
*
50
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF EFFECTS ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATERMELON (CITRILLUS LANATUS THUNB.)
OF SOME ORGANIC MATERIALS
ÖZLEM ÜZALa, FIKRET YAŞARb, HALIDE TUĞAc, ÖZLEM YAŞARd, RANA BAYTİNe
aUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
bUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
cUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL , INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE SCIENCES, VAN/TURKEY dUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
eUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL , BASKALE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, VAN/TURKEY
Abstract:
Crimson sweet (Citrillus lanatus Thunb.) Watermelon variety was used in the work carried out in the
climatic room of the plant physiology laboratory of Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Agriculture,
Department of Horticulture. 3 different organic materials (vermicompost, gidya, leonardit) and their
different doses (3%, 6%, 9%) and control group (0%) using garden soil were investigated to effects on
some morphological and physiological characteristics of watermelon. The effects of morphological
and physiological characteristics 3 different organic materials (vermicompost, gidya, leonardite) and
their different doses (3%, 6%, 9%) and control group (0%) using garden soil of watermelon were
investigated. Watermelon seedlings were grown in pots each having a volume of 3 kilograms.
Applications 5 replications, 1 plant in each pot and a total of 50 watermelon shrimps were used.
At the end of the work; green part weight (g), plant height (cm), plant stem diameter (mm), plant
leaf number (number), branch number (number), first flowering dates and flower numbers of plants
were analyzed. According to the research findings, effects on growth parameters the applied
organic substances on watermelon were significant. It has been observed that the effect of Gidya
application on the first flowering and number of flowers, which are important criteria in the early
third stage, is higher than the other applications.
It has been observed that the effect of third dose of Gidya application on the first flowering and the
number of flowers, which are important criteria in earliest , is higher than in other applications.
Keywords: Gidya, Leonardite, Vermicompost, Citrillus Lanatus
*
51
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECTS ON SOME PLANT GROWTH PARAMETERS OF DIFFERENT CALCIUM DOSES IN TOMATO PLANTS UNDER DROUGHT STRESS
ÖZLEM ÜZALa, FIKRET YAŞARb, RANA BAYTİNc, ÖZLEM YAŞARd, HALIDE TUĞAe
aUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE,
VAN/TURKEY
bUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE,
VAN/TURKEY
cUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCUYIL , BASKALE VOCATIONALSCHOOL, VAN/TURKEY dUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL ,FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE,
VAN/TURKEY eUNIVERSITY OF VAN YUZUNCU YIL, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE SCIENCES,
VAN/TURKEY
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine whether by applying different doses of calcium (Ca) to
drought stress (PEG-6000) would increase the tolerance of tomato plants applied drought stress.
In the study, Adamset type F1 hybrid seedling was used. In the study, plants were grown in
hydroponic culture using a Hoagland nutrient solution at a light intensity of 400 μmol m-2s-1 at 65%
humidity at 20 ° C in a 16/8 hour light / dark photoperiod in a controlled climate. Doses of 200 ppm,
250 ppm, 300 ppm, 350 ppm and 400 ppm of Ca were applied to the nutrient solution. When the
plants were in 5-6 leaves, Hoagland was added in the nutrient solution to 7% of the
polyethyleneglycol (PEG-6000). The samples were taken after the plants had been under the stress
of drought for 7 days. Total plant weight, root, stem and leaf weights, stem size and diameter and
number of leaves were determined. In addition, 1-5 scales of plants affected by stress were
examined.
In the study, it was seen that there were differences between doses of Ca. Against drought stress, it
was determined that the best plant growth was in plants where doses of 250 ppm and 300 ppm of
Ca applications were applied. In addition, it was observed that morphologically the least damage
was in these applications and that the lowest scale value was obtained and the most harmful was in
plants applied 400 ppm Ca.
Keywords: Tomato, Drought, PEG-6000, Calcium, Plant Growth
*
52
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
IMPROVEMENT OF LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION SYSTEMS WITH RFID LICENSE PLATES
HARUN KAHRAMANa, NURSEL AKÇAMb
aASELSAN
bGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Abstract: Entry-exit controls have become an indispensable element of security systems and social
order architects with the developing technology and the increase in the human population. In this
paper, the joint study of license plate recognition system and the RFID recognition system have been
investigated in order to solve problems by taking into consideration the poor conditions such as
weather conditions, false plates, damaged plates etc. which adversely affect the license plate
recognition. License plate recognition system in existing security system are installed with camera. In
addition to existing system, RFID antenna is added to camera system. This antenna provides reading
of RFID tagged license plate which have information about vehicle. Thus these problems affecting
license plate recognition system made with camera are considered to be solved with RFID system.
The inability to recognition or misrecognition problem in current license plate recognition systems
has allowed the recognition of vehicle information on a chip plate. In this way, security
vulnerabilities have been prevented. In study, existing license plate system is compared with new
RFID system by giving example and it is stated that the new license plate system developed with
RFID is successful.
Keywords: RFID, Automatic License Plate Recognition, Security Systems With License Plate
Recognition
*
53
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF NDM-1 METALLO BETA LACTAMASE GENE IN MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT STRAINS
AZER ÖZAD DÜZGÜNa
aDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GÜMÜŞHANE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Beta-lactamases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing beta lactam antibiotics. β-lactamases have four
molecular classes based on conserved and distinctive amino acid motifs. These are A, B, C and D
classes. Four classes of beta lactamase enzymes are very common in clinical isolates worldwide. In
particular, Metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) are both a structurally and functionally unique group of β-
lactamases. Unlike serine beta-lactamases, they are not inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam.
There are many MBL groups, such as IMP, VIM, NDM, SIM, SPM, GIM, which are defined up to now.
The NDM was first identified in 2008 by an Indian-born Swedish citizen. Molecular studies have
shown that the NDM enzyme hydrolyzes almost all existing antibiotics. NDM-1 began to spread
rapidly around the world after its first detection in 2008. Strains carrying the NDM-1 gene are
causing the infection that can occur in the body such as urinary tract infection, peritonitis,
pulmonary infection, soft tissue infection. In our study, the presence of NDM-1 gene is being
investigated in multiple antibiotic resistant strains collected from Gümüşhane state hospital. DNA
were isolated from the clinical samples included in the study by boiling DNA method. The obtained
DNA were used in PCR. PCR was performed using specific primers to investigate the presence of the
NDM-1 gene. The NDM-1 gene was not detected in isolates of K.pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, E. coli
and A.baumanii which were included in the study. Molecular studies will continue on strains
collected over a year. Regularly conducting research on clinical isolates provides information on the
growth and spread of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance is a very important issue that needs
to be constantly monitored as it threatens public health seriously.
Keywords: Ndm, Antibiotics, Pcr
*
54
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PREVALENCE OF PLASMID-MEDIATED QUINOLONE RESISTANCE DETERMINANTS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS
WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN TURKEY
AZER ÖZAD DÜZGÜNa, ABDULKADIR GÜLb, AYŞEGÜL SARALc, FUNDA OKUMUŞd, SEDANUR
CINEMREe,AYŞEGÜL ÇOPUR ÇIÇEKf
aDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GÜMÜŞHANE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY, GÜMÜŞHANE, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ARTVIN CORUH
UNIVERSITY, ARTVIN, TURKEY dDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY, GÜMÜŞHANE, TURKEY eDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY, GÜMÜŞHANE, TURKEY fRECEP TAYYIP ERDOĞAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL
MICROBIOLOGY, RIZE, TURKEY
Abstract:
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequently encountered bacterial infectious diseases.
Because almost of all UTI cases are caused by Escherichia coli, it is becoming the etiologic agent and
a serious problem in public health. Fluoroquinolones are group of antibiotics widely used due to
their broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Thus, resistance to this group of antibiotics has been
developed by gram-negative bacteria all around the world. Qnr determinants that cause quinolone
resistance have been described in many studies. 4 major groups of qnr (qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, and qnrS)
have been identified. The aim of this study is to explore the occurrence of quinolone resistance
genes (qnrA, qnrB and qnrS) among Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples. A total of 90
isolates of E.coli were isolated from samples provided by Rize Education and Research Hospital (Rize-
Turkey) between November 2015 and August 2016. All clinical isolates were identified by VITEK 2
Compact system. All E.coli isolates were investigated for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance
genes by PCR. Template genomic DNA for PCR assays was prepared using boiling method. A single
reaction mixture consists of: 5 μl of genomic DNA, 20 pM of each primer, 10 μl reaction buffer, 3 μl
25 mM MgCl2, 200 μM of dNTPs and 1.5 U Go Taq Flexi Polymerase (Promega, Madison, USA) in a
final volume of 50 μl. All PCR products were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gel containing 0.5 μg/ml
ethidium bromide, and subsequently viewed under UV light. PCR results showed that 24 strains
(26.6%) have qnrA, 6 strains have qnrB (6.6%) and 3 (3.3%) strains have qnrS resistance. The findings
were also consistent with other studies.
Keywords: E.Coli, UTI, Antibiotic Resistance, Qnr.
*
55
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DESIGN PROCEDURE OF OPTIMIZED DOUBLE-SIDED LCC COMPENSATION TOPOLOGY FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
ERSAN KORAY ERŞANa
aGAZI ÜNIVERSITESI, ASELSAN INC.
Abstract:
Inductively coupled power transfer (ICPT) has the advantages of low maintenance cost, high
reliability, and the ability to operate in dirty environment with no physical contact between the
power source and the load, by means of magnetic coupling. Due to the low coupling and
misalignment between primary and secondary side, system must be compensated to achieve high
efficiency. This study compares the series-series (SS) compensation topology and double-sided
inductor-capacitor-capacitor (LCC) compensation topology and proposes an optimized design for LCC
compensation. First, both of the compensation topologies are introduced and analyzed. The output
power, efficiency and compensation capacitors’ equations are derived. Then SS and LCC
compensation is compared in terms of efficiency. LCC topology is remodeled to ease the
comparison. A design procedure is presented to optimize the winding design for LCC compensation
topology. The design procedure of LCC compensation consists of determining inductance and
resistance values of main coils by selecting number of coils and sections of the windings to achieve
most economical and efficient configuration. Besides the main coil design, the relation between
main coils and compensation capacitors and inductors are expressed. Due to this relation,
compensation capacitors and inductors are determined to achieve maximum efficiency. The
theoretical results are verified for a 3.3 kW with 10-cm air gap system by simulation results for both
SS and LCC topologies.
Keywords: Wireless Power Transfer, Inductive Power Transfer, LCC Compensation Topology,
Efficiency
*
56
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF ABNORMAL EVENTS IN SURVEILLANCE VIDEOS
KADRIYE ÖZa, İSMAIL RAKIP KARAŞb
aKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
bKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In recent years, abnormal event detection is one of the most interesting areas of surveillance
systems. In this paper, we purpose an abnormal event detection and localization system for
surveillance videos. An abnormal event would be different from normal events according to its
appearance, speed or motion direction. The motion and appearance features of normal events are
classified by Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms. To localize the abnormality at videos, a grid is applied to the
video frames. Each grid cell modeled separately. The events which not suited to the classes are
labeled as an abnormal event. Detected abnormal events are signed on frames. UCSD and UMN
datasets are used to test the proposed system and test results show that the detection and
localization of abnormal events are performed successfully.
Keywords: Abnormal Event Detection, Abnormal Event Localization, Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms,
Surveillance
*This work is supported by Research Fund of the Karabuk University. Project Number: KBÜBAP-17-DR-457
57
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FALL DETECTION BY ANN AT ELDERLY MONITORING
KADRIYE ÖZa, İSMAIL RAKIP KARAŞb
aKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
bKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
One of the indispensable stages of human life is the aging stage. Elderly people need to assist in
ensuring the health and safety. As a result, intelligent surveillance systems are needed in elderly
monitoring. In this paper, we proposed an intelligent elderly monitoring system for the falling
detection. The motion of a person is modeled after a background subtraction algorithm for predict
foreground objects. Motion information is extracted with optical flow method. Histograms are built
according to speed and direction of motion. The artificial neural network is trained with histograms.
The proposed system is tested in several datasets and successful results are obtained.
Keywords: Fall Detection, Elderly Monitoring, Artificial Neural Network, Histograms Of Optical Flow
*This work is supported by Research Fund of the Karabuk University. Project Number: KBÜBAP-17-DR-457
58
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
55
EFFECT OF COMPRESSION REINFORCEMENT ON FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS
VELI BAŞARANa, AHMET RAIF BOĞAb, MURAT HIÇYILMAZc
aAFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI
bAFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI
cAFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI
Abstract:
In this study, effect of compression reinforcement on flexural strength of reinforcement concrete
beams are investigated. According to Turkish Earthquake Code (TEC) the use of compression
reinforcement in the beam sections are obliged. For this purpose, compression reinforcement
amount to tension reinforcement amount ratio of 0, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0, which 200x350x3000 mm in
size C20, C25 and C30 concrete class beam sample were produced. On produced beams by loading it
from a single point flexural tests with deflection and maximum load measurements were made. Test
results showed that the use of compression reinforcement increases the ductility of the beams.
Keywords: Compression Reinforcement, Concrete Class, Reinforcement Concrete Beams, Flexural
Strength.
*This study was supported by the Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Committee. Project
Number:14.MUH.07
59
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF SEISMIC LOADS ACCORDING TO TURKISH SEISMIC CODE (TSC2018)
VELI BAŞARANa
aAFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI
Abstract:
Turkish Seismic Code (TSC2018) and seismic hazard map of Turkey was published in the Official
Gazette in 2018. Along with the new code, there have been some changes in design and calculations.
Unlike the previous map, the new map shows the peak ground acceleration values rather than
earthquake zones. In this study, equivalent earthquake loads of 11 districts of Afyonkarahisar, which
were previously located in the 1st degree earthquake zone, were calculated according to Turkish
Seismic Code 2007 (TSC2007) and 2018 and the results were compared. 5-storey reinforced concrete
frame model was used in the calculations. 5 different points for each district, DD-2 earthquake
ground motion level and ZA, ZB, ZC, ZD, ZE site classes were considered when calculating according
to TSC2018. According to TSC2007, equivalent earthquake loads are calculated for the 0.40 effective
ground acceleration coefficient and Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 site classes. When the results were compared, it is
seen that the equivalent earthquake loads have decreased significantly compared to TSC2007.
Keywords: Turkish Seismic Code, Seismic Hazard Map Of Turkey, Equivalent Seismic Load,
Reinforced Concrete Frame
*
60
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF TECHNICAL TRAINING GIVEN TO MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND APPLIANCE USERS: A PRELIMINARY
STUDY
IBRAHIM MUTLUa, AYŞE ECE MENEKŞE ÖZTENb
aKOCAELI UNIVERSITY
bKOCAELI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The medical ultrasound devices have been getting new features day by day for the diagnostic of a
disease such in anatomical imaging, blood-flow measurement and evaluation of physiology in almost
all aspects of medicine. The device training is generally given to ultrasonography practitioners by the
application specialists of the related company in order to use all the features of the ultrasound
device. In this study, a basic performance evaluation by an application specialist was conducted to
determine the degree of comprehension of the given education. In this way, the ability of physicians
to use the devices and the quality of the education provided were analyzed by statistical methods
according to device trademark, operator’s (physician) specialty and gender. The results indicate that
view setting of the device (p:0,032) and using device new features are statistically significant
difference for device trademark (p:0,039). Also, all evaluation questions except two questions about
using device new features and possession of device 3D-4D techniques are statistically significant
difference for operator’s (physician) gender. Additional research is necessary to increase sample
(person) size to determine the quality of the education provided.education. In this way, the ability of
physicians to use the devices and the quality of the education provided were analyzed by statistical
methods according to device trademark, operator’s (physician) specialty and gender. The results
indicate that view setting of the device (p:0,032) and using device new features are statistically
significant difference for device trademark (p:0,039). Also, all evaluation questions except two
questions about using device new features and possession of device 3D-4D techniques are
statistically significant difference for operator’s (physician) gender. Additional research is necessary
to increase sample (person) size to determine the quality of the education provided.
Keywords: Medical Ultrasound, Training, Evaluation Form,
*
61
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SURFACE MODIFICATION EFFECT ON COTTON, SILK AND POLYESTER VIA LOW-TEMPERATURE PLASMA APPLICATION
ZEYNEP ÖMEROĞULLARI BAŞYIĞITa
aUSAK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TEXTILE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Textile finishing applications are one of the most water and energy consumed processes due to the
need of using tonnes of water with high amounts of chemicals in textile industry. There has been a
great effort in order to introduce new technologies which provides required functionality of textile
by using low amount of water, chemical and energy. Coating, spraying or foaming could be
alternatives for new textile finishing technologies; however it's well known that these technologies
need to use water in processes, even if the amount of it could be less than conventional textile
finishing processes. However, plasma technology is an important alternative in textile applications
which does not cause significant alterations in bulk properties of textiles while improving some
functional properties of textiles such as shrink resistance, flame retardancy, antibacterial properties
and hydrophilic or hydrophobic characteristics. Besides, it is a dry and environmental-friendly
process with no water consumption which provides less waste load that decreases the risk of human
health and environmental hazards. The treatment is fast, extremely gentle which characterized by a
low consumption of chemicals and energy.
So in this study, the effects of low-temperature plasma applications on textile substrates as cotton,
silk and polyester were discussed. Effects of surface modification on mechanical and chemical
properties of these textile substrates were given in detail. Performance tests such as mechanical
strength/tearing strength, loss of weight, hydrophilic properties, and functional properties of fabrics
were determined beside characterization tests such as SEM (Scanning electron microscope), AFM
(Atomic Force Microscopy), FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) etc. The effect of process
parameters such as power, frequency, exposure time of plasma application on these textile
substrates are also examined in this study.
Keywords: Textile, Cotton, Polyester, Silk, Plasma Application, Low-Temperature
*
62
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CYCLODEXTRINS IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
ZEYNEP ÖMEROĞULLARI BAŞYIĞITa
aUSAK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TEXTILE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Chemical finishing is an important area which plays an outstanding part in textile finishing that gives
required functionalities on textiles and making them convenient for special treatments, such as
flame retardancy, antimicrobial property, water-oil-soil repellency and others. Cyclodextrins (CDs)
have been used in different applications and industries from pharmacology, cosmetics, textiles,
filtration to food chemistry. Cyclodextrins can act as hosts and form inclusion compounds with
various small molecules. These complexes can be formed in solutions, in a solid state as well as when
CDs are linked to various surfaces where they can act as permanent or temporary hosts for small
molecules that provide certain desirable effects which makes them promising agents in textile
finishing. In the textile industry CDs may have many applications such as: absorption of unpleasant
odours; they can complex and release fragrances, skin-care-agents and bioactive substances.
Moreover, textile materials treated with cyclodextrins could be used as selective filters for
adsorption of small pollutants from waste water. So in this study, types of CD, usage area of them in
textile industry in different fields with significant effects on textile materials were determined and
characterized under the term of improving area of new compounds.
Keywords: Textile, Finishing, New Application, Environmental-Friendly
*
63
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
OPTIMIZATION OF ROLL FORMED BEAMS USED IN CEILING CONTRUCTION
TUNÇ SAFA ALTUNSARAYa, TUĞÇE HACALOĞLUb, BILGIN KAFTANOĞLUc
aATILIM UNIVERSITY, MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
bATILIM UNIVERSITY, MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
cATILIM UNIVERSITY, MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
In this study, the deflections of the C and U beams manufactured by using roll forming of strip
material and used in present ceiling constructions in cantilever and simple support modes are
calculated by using finite element method. Also, a testing laboratory is developed to check the
calculations and to be able to make the real-life measurements and experiments on the profiles.
First the elastic deflections of the existing C and U profiles are calculated in the simply supported
and cantilever modes. Then experiments are conducted in the developed laboratory to check the
theoretical results. Agreement within 5 % is found between theory and experiment. Later, new C
and U profiles have been developed using thinner material with a more complex design giving
deflections not more than the original C and U beams. New designs have been manufactured by roll
forming and testing in the simply supported and cantilever modes have been completed. The
agreement between theory and experiment is within 5%. This way, the thicknesses of C and U beams
have been reduced by approximately 0.05 mm, resulting in deflections not more than the original
designs. Hence, material saving is obtained with an optimal design also saving cost and energy.
Keywords: Ceiling Profile, Simply Supported Test, Cantilever Test, Ceiling Construction
*This Project was sponsored by UMS Company
64
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MMSE AND LS CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHODS FOR OFDM VARIANT WAVEFORMS IN MULTIPATH
CHANNELS
TUNCAY ERENa, AYDIN AKANb
aNETAS TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY
bIZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Channel estimation techniques play an important role in wireless communication systems in order to
obtain the data at the receiver side from the wireless multipath channel. Especially, with the
increasing demand for high-speed data rate and reliable data transmission, the existing 4G wireless
communication systems are not able to meet these requirements. Hence, a new wireless
communication technology, which is 5G, appears on the horizon and it is going to take place in our
daily life soon. The waveform Filtered-OFDM is one of the candidates for 5G technology.
In this work, the channel estimation methods, Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) and Least
Squares (LS), based on a pilot arrangement are investigated. Simulation results are evaluated for
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) variant waveforms; Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-
OFDM), Zero Padded OFDM (ZP-OFDM) and Filtered OFDM (F-OFDM). M-QAM modulation
technique is used in all simulations.
Keywords: Cp-Ofdm, Zp-Ofdm, F-Ofdm, Mmse, Least Squares
*
65
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF BLANKED NICKEL - MAGNESIUM ALLOY
ISMAIL YILDIZa, İBRAHIM GÜNEŞb
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, a mixture of 93% Ni and 7% Mg powder was produced by the TM method and surface
properties of boronized Nickel-Magnesium alloy at different temperatures and times were
investigated. The samples were sintered at 530°C. The Nickel-Magnesium specimens were cut into
Ø20x5 mm dimensions, ground up to 1000G and polished using 1 µm Al2O3 solution. The boriding
heat treatment was carried out in a solid medium containing an Ekabor-II powder mixture placed in
an electrical resistance furnace operated at the temperature of 900 and 1000 ºC for 1.5 and 4.5 h
under atmospheric pressure. The microstructures of polished and etched cross-sections of the
specimens were observed under a Nikon MA100 optical microscope. The presence of borides
formed in the coating layer was confirmed by means of X-ray diffraction equipment (Shimadzu XRD
6000) using Cu Kα radiation. X-ray diffraction analysis of boride layers on the surface of the tungsten
revealed the existence of Ni3B, Ni2B, NiB and Mg compounds. Boron layers were obtained at varying
thicknesses on Nickel-Magnesium samples depending on the boron temperature and duration. As a
result of the boring process, increases in the surface roughness values of the samples were
determined. It has been found that the surface roughness values of boronized and non-boronized
nickel-magnesium samples change from 0.2 to 0.56.
Keywords: Nickel-Magnesium, Boron, Xrd, Surface Roughness
*
66
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ELEMENT ON THE BORNING OF NICKEL MAGNESIUM ALLOY
ISMAIL YILDIZa, İBRAHIM GÜNEŞb
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, Ni-Mg alloy containing 97% pure Ni and 3% Mg is boronized and by the TM method,
powder mixtures containing pure 97% Ni and 3% Mg were mixed homogeneously in the powder
mixer for 24 hours. The mixed powders were sintered in a tube furnace at 530 ° C in an Ar
atmosphere after the powders were cold pressed. Hardness and density tests were applied to the
samples produced by sintering, respectively. The boriding heat treatment was carried out in a solid
medium containing an Ekabor-II powder mixture placed in an electrical resistance furnace operated
at the temperature of 900 and 1000 ºC for 1.5 and 4.5 h under atmospheric pressure. The
microstructures of polished and etched cross-sections of the specimens were observed under a
Nikon MA100 optical microscope. The presence of borides formed in the coating layer was
confirmed by means of X-ray diffraction equipment (Shimadzu XRD 6000) using Cu Kα radiation. X-
ray diffraction analysis of boride layers on the surface of the tungsten revealed the existence of
Ni3B, Ni2B, NiB and Mg compounds. Boron layers were obtained at varying thicknesses on Nickel-
Magnesium samples depending on the boron temperature and duration. Boriding temperature and
time depending on the nickel-boride layer of varying thickness over magnesium samples were
obtained. In addition Mg element both boriding of 97% purity Nickel and boride layers were found
to have an effect on boride layer growth. In addition, it affects the Mg boron layers, resulting in a
porous structure in the microstructure.
Keywords: Nickel, Mg, Boron, Microstructure, Phases
*
67
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ELECTRO-ENCAPSULATION OF TRANS-RESVERATROL USING SOLUBLE EGGSHELL MEMBRANE PROTEIN AND SILK FIBROIN
YASEMIN YAHSIa, MERVE DENIZ KOSEb, OGUZ BAYRAKTARc
aMECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, EGE UNIVERSITY, TURKEY
bCHEMICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, EGE UNIVERSITY, TURKEY
cCHEMICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, EGE UNIVERSITY, TURKEY
Abstract:
Resveratrol (3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin which is mostly found in grape, pineapple and
peanut. Trans-resveratrol has anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects. However,
with environmental conditions as heat, sunlight trans-resveratrol is converted into cis-resveratrol
and loses its stability. To overcome this problem, carrier systems are suggested to enhance
bioavailability and stability of trans-resveratrol.
Eggshell membrane (ESM) is a biomaterial which is generally considered as waste of food industry
for the production of pasteurized liquid egg. Silk has been used in many studies due to its bio
compatibility and biodegradability. It is a potential biopolymer to be used for the controlled release
of encapsulated active compounds since its secondary structure changes with varying preparation
conditions. By using core/shell carrier systems composed of silk fibroin shell and ESM core including
trans-resveratrol as active compound, the trans-resveratrol obtained from agricultural wastes. In our
study, to encapsulate the Trans resveratrol eggshell membrane proteins and silk fibroin were used as
core and shell materials, respectively. The core/shell carrier system enhanced the stability of trans-
resveratrol along with its release in controlled manner.
The aim of this study was to determine the applicability of the electro encapsulation method for the
encapsulation of trans-resveratrol by using soluble eggshell membrane protein and silk fibroin to
enhance its stability and control its release profile. Central Composite Design (CCD) method was
used to design the experimental work. The morphologies of the carrier systems were examined
using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Atomic
Force Microscope (AFM). Tests for stability and release profiles were investigated using High
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and UV-spectrophotometer.
Keywords: Trans-Resveratrol, Eggshell Membrane, Silk Fibroin, Encapsulation
*This study has been supported by TUBITAK (Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu).
68
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF PUMICE BASED ALKALI-ACTIVATED HYBRID CEMENT
BILAL BALUNa, MEHMET KARATAŞb
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, BINGOL UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FIRAT UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In recent years, researches has been conducted on alternative binders to reduce the environmental
impact of cement production. Alkali-activated hybrid cement is one of the environmentally friendly
construction material. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the compressive strengths of alkali-
activated hybrid binders containing aluminosilicate based ground pumice (GP) and ordinary portland
cement (OPC). Potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) solutions were used to
activate the hybrid binders. In this study, alkali-activated hybrid pastes differing in Na2SiO3/KOH
ratios (1, 2, 3) and OPC content (%0-5-10-15-20) were manufactured. Afterwards the compressive
strength, UPV, total water absorption, porosity and density of the specimens were determined. SEM,
XRD and FTIR experiments were also conducted to examine the microstructural properties of the
hybrid cements. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that the increase of Na2SiO3/KOH
ratio and OPC content increased the compressive strength. The results showed that pumice based
alkali-activated hybrid cement had enough compressive strength (about 53 MPa) to be used as a
structural material.
Keywords: Pumice, Hybrid Cements, Alkali Activation
*
69
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE INVESTIGATION OF BIODIESEL FUEL PROPERTIES PRODUCED FROM WASTE SUNFLOWER OIL
FATIH AYDINa
aNECMETTIN ERBAKAN UNIVERSITY, EREĞLI FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
Abstract:
In this study, waste sunflower oil was converted into methyl ester by transesterification method, and
biodiesel was produced. Whether the biodiesel was compliant with TS EN 14214 standards was
determined by the analyses. The kinematic viscosities, densities, water contents, pH levels, color
determination, calorific values, flash points, clouding, pour and freezing points, copper corrosion
tests, CFPP (cold filter plugging point) tests and cetane number tests of the experimental fuels at 40
0C and 100 0C in the formation of biodiesel (B100) and diesel fuel (D100), which were obtained from
waste sunflower oil, were performed and fuel properties were determined.
By means of the obtained data, it was determined that the physical properties of biodiesel produced
from waste sunflower oil were compliant with TS EN 14214 standards. Furthermore, when
compared with diesel fuel, it was concluded that the heating value of biodiesel was close to diesel
fuel, cetane number was higher than diesel fuel; and as a result of the fact that the other features
were close to diesel fuel, it also thought that the biodiesel obtained from waste frying oil could be
easily used in diesel engines 100%, without any change on the engine and it was an alternative fuel
to diesel fuel.
Keywords: Biodiesel, Waste Sunflower Oil, Diesel.
*This work was supported by the Scientific Research Council (BAP) of Necmettin Erbakan University.
70
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF CONVECTORS ON THE FLOW FIELD ABOVE PANEL RADIATORS
TAMER CALISIRa, SENOL BASKAYAb, HAKAN ONUR YAZARc, HÜSEYIN TOPALd
aMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
bMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
cR&D DEPARTMENT, DEMIRDOKUM dMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Panel radiators are commonly used all over the world as heating emitters for room heating. Airflow
around panel radiators is a very significant factor on the heat output of radiators. Heat is transferred
via natural convection and radiation to the surrounding air, and surfaces. Due to the temperature
difference between panel surfaces and surrounding cold air fluid motions are generated by natural
convection. The air flow especially above the radiators is affected by inlet/outlet water temperature,
room temperature, panel and convector design of the radiator, location of radiator, etc. The flow
field above panel radiators with and without mounted convectors was determined experimentally
using particle image velocimetry (PIV), and numerically using the FloEFD CFD code. Investigations
were performed under controlled laboratory conditions with a room temperature of 20°C, and
radiator inlet/outlet temperature of 75/65°C and at different sections of the radiator. Same
conditions were implemented in the CFD code, and were verified with the PIV measurement results,
and a good agreement was obtained. It was observed that the flow is mainly vertical and in the
upward direction for radiators with and without convectors. For an inlet and outlet water
temperature of 75/65°C the difference in heat output for the radiators with and without convectors
was obtained in the range of 37.6%. Air velocity decreases considerably for radiators without
convectors. Hence, the heat output decreases. This study showed the importance of the design of
convectors on heat output as well as flow field above panel radiators.
Keywords: Panel Radiator, PIV, Convector, Flow Field
*This study was supported by the Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology of Turkey and DemirDokum
71
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
HEAT OUTPUT OF PANEL RADIATORS AT DIFFERENT HEIGTH AND LENGTH FOR AN EFFICIENT USE
TAMER CALISIRa, SENOL BASKAYAb, HAKAN ONUR YAZARc
aMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
bMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPT., ENGINEERING FACULTY, GAZI UNIVERSITY
cR&D DEPARTMENT, DEMIRDOKUM
Abstract:
The building sector plays a key role in the total annual energy consumption, where heating
consumes an important portion of energy. In this sense, the efficient use of heating systems plays an
important role. Steel panel radiators are usually equipped with convection fins to improve their heat
output. Hot water passes through the hollow radiator, and as it is hotter than the surrounding air,
heat is transferred via natural convection and radiation to the surrounding air and surfaces. The aim
of this study is to observe the heat output of a panel-convector-convector-panel radiator at different
inlet/outlet temperature ranges, and different length and heights using numerical techniques.
Simulations were performed in an enclosure, which was held at 20°C for panel radiators with lengths
and heights of 400-3000 mm and 300-900 mm, r. Inlet/outlet temperature ranges of 30/25°C,
35/25°C, 45/35°C, 55/45°C, 75/65°C and 90/70°C were used. Two different water inlet/outlet
connection positions were investigated, and the effect on heat output on panel radiators were
observed. Top-bottom-same-end and top-bottom-opposite-end connection positions were
investigated for different height and lengths of panel radiators. In addition, a correlation was
obtained for heat output as a function of length, height and temperature range of the panel
radiator. It was observed that for radiators with low length and height similar heat output results
were obtained for both connection positions. However, for radiator lengths of >1400 mm the top-
bottom-opposite-end connection position has a higher heat output. Besides, a more uniform
temperature distribution on the front panel has been observed.
Keywords: Panel Radiator, Heat Output, Cfd
*This study was supported by the Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology of Turkey and also DemirDöküm
A.Ş.
72
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PREPARATION OF ALGINATE-OKRA GUM BLEND BEADS FOR THE ENCAPSULATION OF TURMERIC EXTRACT
MERVE DENIZ KÖSEa, CEREM PIŞKINb, OĞUZ BAYRAKTARc
aEGE UNIVERSITY
bEGE UNIVERSITY
cEGE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Turmeric is a common spice used in the daily life. For the remedy of the many ailments turmeric has
widely been used in folk medicine. Curcumin is the phenolic bioactive compound which is the major
component of the turmeric. As many phenolic compounds, curcumin is a potent antioxidant and
anti-carcinogenic agent. However it is susceptible to harsh environmental conditions such as light,
heat and pH and undergoes oxidative degradation. In addition curcumin is soluble in organic
solvents but insoluble in water. In order to overcome these problems microencapsulation can
effectively be used. It is stated in the literature encapsulation may enhance curcumin’s stability and
control its release in application sites.
In our study sodium alginate-calcium chloride pair was used for the encapsulation material in
conventional dripping method. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time the okra gum was
used as emulsifier in alginate-okra gum blend for the encapsulation of turmeric extract using
electrospraying method rather than conventional dripping method. By using the electrospraying
method smaller particles sizes and higher encapsulation efficiencies could be achieved. With the
help of okra gum curcumin was well dispersed in aqueous solution and partly become a solution for
the lower solubility of curcumin in water. In our previous studies the optimum extraction conditions
for the preparation of turmeric extract was determined. Therefore, the extraction of turmeric was
performed at 1:30 solid to liquid ratio in 70% ethanol-water solution. For the preparation of turmeric
extract loaded alginate-okra gum blend beads electrospraying process parameters, such as electric
voltage, amount of turmeric extract, sodium alginate concentration were changed and their effects
on the size distribution of the beads, encapsulation efficiencies and the release profiles of the
turmeric extract were studied.
Keywords: : Turmeric, Extraction, Bioactive Natural Compounds, Phenolic Compounds,
Encapsulation, Electrospray, Okra Gum
*
73
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DATA ASSOCIATION OF THE ISSUES ON RENEWABLE ENERGY IN TURKEY AND GERMANY
SERHAT ORKUN TANa, ŞAFAK ATAŞb, İLKER TÜRKERc
aKARABUK UNIVERSITY
bKARABUK UNIVERSITY
cKARABUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Studies on renewable energy sources have gained intensity due to the continuation of the energy
crisis, global warming and environmental pollution in the world. Reduced energy sources, poor
quality of life and ensuring the continuation of sustainable economic development on the basis of
countries are the main factors which canalize the researchers to this area. For this reason, projects,
investments and academic studies on renewable energy are becoming increasingly important in
terms of meeting and supporting the energy requirements of countries. Thus, the data collected by
the statistical analysis of the academic studies on renewable energy in the two neighboring
countries, Turkey and Germany, were compared by the projects and investments made in these
countries. The academic studies on renewable energy which are located at Web of science database
statistically analyzed by utilizing SQL Server Management Studio program. The analysis results and
the distributions of the distinct renewable energy areas were given in comparison with the
importance level of these renewable energy areas in the related countries. The analysis revealed the
correspondence of the projects and investments with the academic studies made in Turkey and
Germany on renewable energy. Eventually, it has been observed that in both countries, the
academic studies on various renewable energy areas such as wind, solar, geothermal, bioenergy, and
hydro energy have increased in directly proportional with the steadily increasing energy
requirements.
Keywords: Renewable Energy, Energy Potential, Projects And Investments, Scientific Studies,
Statistical Analysis.
*This study is supported by Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinatorship of Karabük University.
74
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
OBTAINING ZFC AND FC CURVES BY RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD IN TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS
İBRAHİM DÜZGÜNa, MELTEM AKTAŞb, İSHAK CUMHURc
aDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY
bPAZAR KIZ KULESI VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL
cDEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, FACULTY OF ARTS ANS SCIENCES, RECEP TAYYIP ERDOĞAN
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
For the investigation of the magnetization phenomenon in superconducting materials, magnetic
fields are applied to the material by performing field and zero field cooling. Magnetization (MZFC
(T)) measurement in the Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) method means that the change in magnetization in
the sample is measured with increasing temperature after a certain magnetic field has been applied
at a T temperature below the critical temperature after cooling. The Field Cooling (FC) method is a
process in which the sample is cooled below the critical temperature under a certain magnetic field.
In this study, ZFC and FC curves of superconducting sample produced by solid state reaction method
were reproduced by Runge-Kutta Method and compared with experimental results.
Keywords: Type II Superconductors, ZFC And FC Curves, Runge-Kutta Method
*
75
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
USABILITY OF TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTING YBCO-358 PHASE IN TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
İBRAHİM DÜZGÜNa
aDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Superconductor technology can be divided into two main categories. The first of these is small-scale
applications, typically electronic and electronic circuit elements. Second, the larger scale group,
according to the other group of magnets and energy applications, can be divided into classes in this
group because it finds application area in every field of our lives. Magnetic separators, fault current
limiters, motors, transformers, transmission cables can be given as examples in transport, Maglev
trains, as a diagnostic tool, MRI and SQUID, Machinery-Electronics and Energy sectors. And the most
important problem encountered in these applications is the problem of finding the market
opportunity of the economy, the cost and the application at the international level. Therefore,
scientists working in the field of superconductivity are working hard to produce alternative solutions
to this problem. In this study, the use of the newly discovered 358 phases of the YBCO family of type
II superconductors in technological applications is discussed.
Keywords: Type Ii Superconductors, Ybco, Ybco-358
*
76
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COPY MOVE BLIND FORGERY DETECTION TECHNIQUE FOR DIGITAL IMAGE USING DCT
ASIF HASSANa, DR. V.K. SHARMAb
aRESEARCH SCHOLOR, BHAGWANT UNIVERSITY, RAJASTHAN, INDIA
bPRESIDENT/VICE-CHANCELLOR, BHAGWANT UNIVERSITY, RAJASTHAN, INDIA
Abstract:
Copy Move forgery Detection is one of the popular research topics among researchers in the area of
image forgery detection. Several methods have been used to detect Copy Move Forgery, but some
issues still remained unresolved. One such issue is performance improvement and robustness of the
algorithm. In this type of forgery, the most commonly used method is Block Matching Algorithm to
detect copying in the image. The image is divided into equal number of overlapping blocks. Discrete
Cosine Transform (DCT) is used to extract the features of overlapping blocks. The major challenge is
to reduce the computational time of such algorithm. The proposed method is efficient with
enhanced speed to detect copy move forgery for random rectangular and symmetrical regions
without prior information of the image.
Keywords: Copy Move Forgery, Discrete Cosine Transform, Blind Forgery Detection.
*
77
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF OUTLIERS FOR EFFECTIVE FORECASTING OF PRODUCTION AMOUNTS: A CASE STUDY FOR AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY
MURAT ÇOLAKa, GÜLŞEN AYDIN KESKINb, SEYHAN CANLISOYc, GIZEM TOPGÜLOĞLUd, GÜLŞEN
AKMANe
aDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY eDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Production planning can be defined as a set of activities which provide effective usage of the main
sources such as machine, material, manpower and energy in order to meet customer demands.
Besides, demand forecasting constitutes the basis for production planning activities. It is necessary
to make demand forecasting effectively for correct determination of production amounts. Thus, it
will be possible to increase customer service level and customer loyalty. At this point, it is significant
to determine suitable forecasting method. Forecasting methods are generally divided into two
groups as qualitative and quantitative methods. While qualitative methods give subjective results
due to expert evaluations, quantitative methods provide more realistic and pragmatic results. On
the other hand, the data set are also crucial for effective forecasting and the data can include quite
small or large values owing to various reasons such as seasonal fluctuations, legal obligations and
campaigns in some cases. These values are defined as outliers and improvement of them will
provide better forecasting performance. At this point, different methods are utilized for outlier
analysis as a new trend in production management. In this study, it is aimed to forecast production
amounts effectively in a company operating in automotive industry. The study consists of three
phases. In the first phase, 457 products have been classified by means of ABC analysis according to
their annual sales. In the second phase, an outlier analysis have been realized for 20 products which
locate in A group and fit normal distribution. In the last phase, forecasting have been made through
single exponential smoothing, double exponential smoothing and winters methods. As a result, it is
aimed to determine the most suitable forecasting method for this company by comparing the
effectiveness of these methods via MAD, MSE and MAPE parameters.
Keywords: Demand Forecasting, Outlier, Forecasting Methods, Time Series, Automotive Industry.
*
78
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
BIR MONTAJ HATTINDA İSTASYON SAYISINI AZALTARAK OPERATÖRLERIN İŞ YÜKÜNÜN DENGELENMESI
MURAT ÇOLAKa, GÜLŞEN AYDIN KESKINb, GÖKÇE HÜLYA ALYANAKc, GÜLŞAH DALKIÇd
aDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, KOCAELI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Rekabetin arttığı günümüzde müşteri memnuniyetini üst düzeyde tutabilmek için daha hızlı üretim
yapılması ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Bu bağlamda, üretim ortamındaki gereksiz faaliyetleri azaltmak ve
daha iyi bir üretim akışı sağlamak amacıyla iş ölçümleme yöntemlerinden yararlanılmaktadır. İş
ölçümleme yöntemlerinden biri olan Metot Zaman Ölçümü (MZÖ) işlerin o işin yapılmasında
kullanılan temel vücut hareketleri türünden analiz edilmesine ve bu temel hareketlere ilişkin
önceden belirlenmiş zaman değerlerini kullanarak standart zaman hesabının yapılmasına imkan
sağlamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, üretimin bir akış hattı boyunca gerçekleştirildiği montaj hatlarında
üretim hızını arttırmak, atıl süreleri minimize etmek, iş istasyonu sayısını azaltmak, iş yükünü dengeli
dağıtmak ve üretim maliyetini en aza indirmek gibi amaçları gerçekleştirmek için montaj hattı
dengeleme çalışması yapılmaktadır. Montaj hattı dengeleme, son ürünün elde edilmesi için gerekli
işlerin; çevrim süresini aşmayacak ve öncelik ilişkilerini göz önünde bulunduracak şekilde iş
istasyonlarına atanması olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada, ayna üretimi yapılan bir otomotiv
montaj hattında iş yükü dengeleme çalışması yapılmıştır. Üretim sürecinde gerçekleştirilen işler
bileşenlerine ayrılarak MZÖ yöntemi ile standart zaman değerleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, video analizi
yoluyla bileşenlerine ayrılan bu işlerin fiili süreleri tespit edilmiştir. Sonraki aşamada, öncelik ilişkileri
ve çevrim süresi kısıtları dikkate alınarak uygun bileşenler birleştirilmiş ve iş istasyonu sayısı
azaltılmıştır. Son aşamada, mevcut durum ile önerilen durum simülasyon yardımıyla karşılaştırılmış
ve gerekli üretimin gerçekleştirilebildiği görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda, operatör sayısı
azaltılarak işçilik maliyetleri düşürülmüştür. Bunun yanında, operatörler arasında adil iş yükü dağılımı
da sağlanmıştır.
Keywords: Montaj Hattı Dengeleme, Iş Ölçümleme, Metot Zaman Ölçümü, Simülasyon, Promodel
*
79
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DERIVATIVE OF DRIVING POINT IMPEDANCE FUNCTIONS AND ITS CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS
BÜLENT NAFI ÖRNEKa, TIMUR DÜZENLIb, CANAN ORALc
aDEPT. OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, AMASYA UNIVERSITY
bDEPT. OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, AMASYA
UNIVERSITY
cDEPT. OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, AMASYA
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this paper, we present an analysis for the derivative of driving point impedance functions which
are analytic functions defined on the right half of the s-plane. Here, we derive inequalities for the
modulus of the derivative of driving point impedance function, Z(s) . Also, the sharpness of these
inequalities are proved. By proving sharpness, we also get the driving point impedance functions
which exist as the natural results of our presented theorem. Motivating by the fact that the driving
point impedance functions are mainly used in electrical engineering for circuit design and synthesis
of networks, we present the corresponding circuits with their frequency and phase responses for the
driving point impedance functions obtained in the study.
Keywords: Driving Point Impedance Function, Schwarz Lemma, Circuit Design
*This study is supported by Scientific Activities Support Program of Amasya University (FMB-BAP 18-0338)
80
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATIONS OF BITUMEN WITH POPPY PLANT BIOMASS ADDITIVE
CAHIT GURERa, OGUZHAN ALAGOZb, AYFER ELMACIc, NAZAN YILMAZd
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cEMIRDAĞ VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Gradually running out of oil resources across the world, obtaining bitumen less than before as a
result of the development of refined techniques, constant increase in unit prices of petroleum-based
energy and so on reasons cause to encouraged the development of alternative binder like as
traditional bituminous binder’s rheological properties. Also due to environmental concerns, public
efforts to reduce the use of petroleum-derived fuels lead to scientist move towards issues of
development and production binders from alternative sources especially non-food biomass sources.
In recent years, development of alternative binders from biomass sources for road pavements was
started. Investigation the performance of these type of binders for road pavements and
development of test methods are fairly complex and unknown topics. If a binder that can continue
the comfort and advantages of hot bituminous mixtures are improved, flexible road pavement’s
advantages will be continued.
Poppy plant is an oil plant generally grows in Afyonkarahisar and Mediterranean climate zone. 100
kg of seed per hectare obtained from the poppy plant, while providing 500 kg of poppy straw.
Residue material obtained from this type of agriculture waste by way of Soxhlet Extraction can be
used as additive material in bituminous binders so bitumen consumption could be decreased.
In this project study, bitumen binder specimens with poppy plant waste biomass additive as 1, 3,
5, 7 and 9% by weight were prepared and series of bitumen test were performed. The test result
show that, the bitumen specimen with 3% biomass additive bitumen was exhibited better behavior
than other bitumen specimens.
Keywords: Bitumen, Biomass Additive, Alternative Bitumen, Poppy Plant.
*Afyon Kocatepe University, Scientific Research Coordination Departments.
81
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE PAVEMENTS
CAHIT GURERa, AHMET RAIF BOGAb, HUSEYIN AKBULUTc
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The most important characteristics of road transportation are safety, velocity and not interrupt of
highway transportation. In some regions, harsh conditions in winter cause ice and snow
accumulation on roads and airports, resulting in transportation interruption, traffic accidents,
material and spiritual loss, delays and trips or flight cancellations. In recent years, researchers have
focused on new methods to prevent such adverse situations. These methods are also known as
active methods because they prevent icing from ever occurring. In the prevention of icing with active
systems, methods such as electric cable, conductive asphalt concrete, hydronic (geothermal)
systems are used. However, the thermal conductivity of the pavement is very important in
preventing the icing of the pavement by heating. In this paper, 5 different grades of electrically
conductive asphalt concrete specimens were prepared and tests were carried out on the specimens
on the basis of electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, temperature increase with electrical
conductivity, determination of temperature changes via induction effect of specimens. It was
emphasized that the importance of the thermal conductivity for heating pavement applications.
Keywords: Electrically Conductivity, Thermal Conductivity, Pavement, Anti-Icing Applications.
*Afyon Kocatepe University, Scientific Research Coordination Departments.
82
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANTIPROLIFERATIVE EFFICACY OF HESPERIDIN IN IN VITRO COLORECTAL ADENOCARCINOMA
MEHMET MUSTAFA İŞGÖRa, ALTUĞ KÜÇÜKGÜLb, AZIME KÜÇÜKGÜLc
aFACULTY OF VETERINARY, BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY
bFACULTY OF VETERINARY, BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY
cFACULTY OF FISHERIES, MUNZUR UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Objective: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the world. For this
reason, studies on the treatment of disease have recently concentrated on products derived from
natural sources. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside in abundant amounts in citrus fruits, has a wide
range of pharmacological properties. In this study, antiproliferative effects of hesperidin at different
concentrations in colon cancer model were investigated in in vitro conditions.
Materials and methods: Hesperidin and 3-(4,5-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide
(MTT) were purchased from Sigma (Sigma, St. Louis, USA). Hesperidin-induced cell death was
determined by MTT colorimetric assay. Briefly, HCT-116 cells (obtain from ATCC/USA) were seeded
at 40,000/well in flat-bottom 24-well culture plates. Then, the cells were incubated with hesperidin
(dissolved in F12 DMEM medium including 5% DMSO) for 24 h. After the removal of medium, the
cells were incubated with MTT solution (5 mg/mL in PBS) for 4 h and the resulting formazan was
solubilized with DMSO. The absorption was measured at 570 nm in an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader. Morphological and density images of cells after the incubation
periods were obtained with an invert microscope (Olympus Ckx41, JA).
Results: In the study, it was found that hesperidin increased cell deaths compared to the control
group in a dose dependent manner. At the concentrations of 10, 25, 50 and 100 μM hesperidin
reduced cell viability by 15%, 59%, 75% and 77%, respectively. Besides, hesperidin has been found to
significantly alter both cell number and morphology according to the control groups.
Conclusion: According to the obtained data, hesperidin has been shown to have antiproliferative
potential in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, we believe that the consumption of products
from citrus plants will reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer. However, there is a need for more
advanced and in vivo research on the subject for definite interpretations.
Keywords: Colorectal Cancer, Hesperidin, Cytotoxicity
*
83
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AN INVESTIGATE ON IMPORTANCE OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF HERB ESSENTIAL OILS ON CHALLENGING WITH FISH DISEASES
AZIME KÜÇÜKGÜLa, ALTUĞ KÜÇÜKGÜLb, BANU KUTLUc
aFACULTY OF FISHERIES, MUNZUR UNIVERSITY
bFACULTY OF VETERINARY FACULTY, MUSTAFA KEMAL UNIVERSITY
cFACULTY OF FISHERIES, MUNZUR UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Objective: Products of natural herbs such as essential oil have recently been used as an alternative
to antibiotics in freshwater and marine aquaculture. The presence of different phytochemical
components of essential oil such as tannins, alkaloids, terpenoids and phenolic compounds has
antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study is to investigate
importance of the major components of three herb essential oils (Thymus vulgaris L., Centaurium
erythraea Rafn. and Foeniculum vulgare M.) on challenging with fish diseases.
Material and Methods: The components of essential oils provided from a commercial firm were
made GC/ MS analyzes.
Results: The major component of T. vulgare was carvacrol called as phenol, 2-methyl-5-(1-
methylethyl) with 40 %. The others were Linalool L (15.11 %) and benzene, methyl(1-methylethyl)-
(12.12 %). Bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (ñ)- in C. erythraea essential oil was the richest
(34.90 %). Others were heptacosane (19.15 %) and dotriacontane (17.72 %), respectively. The
evaluation of the essential oil of F. vulgaris presented benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)- with
67.99 %, followed by dl-Limonene (16.03 %) and benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)- (6.97 %). The
richest oil in C. erythraea was bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl- (34.90%) called as alpha-
pinene, followed by heptacosane (19.15 %) and dotriacontane (17.72 %), respectively.
Conclusion: The therapeutic effects of thyme are due to its high content of phenolic compounds,
particularly carvacrol. The most important compounds of F. vulgare essential oil is anethole,
fenchone, limonene that has antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anticancer effects. The
previous studies show that alpha pinene significantly inhibits many pathogenic Gram-negative
bacteria. In aquaculture studies, in vitro and in vivo effects of the dominant compounds of essential
oils in our study are consistent with the previous findings.
Keywords: Centaurium Erythraea, Foeniculum Vulgar, Essential Oil, Major Component Thymus
Vulgaris
*
84
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CRUISE PORT SITE SELECTION BY USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
SEYMA BAYAZITa, TUNCAY KULELIb
aBANDIRMA ONYEDI EYLUL UNIVERSITY
bBODRUM MARITIME VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, MUGLA SK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Cruise ports are today more than embarkation and disembarkation terminal. Competitive conditions
of cruise market force the industry to build new modern ports. The first and the most critical step
ought to be site selection process which is a multi-criteria decision-making problem as cruise port
site selection consists of many criteria and constraints. Natural conditions, political strategies in local
or regional level, local feasibility are some of those constraints that are needed to be included in the
process. Cruise companies’ specific requirements are also one of the important constraints as they
are the main port beneficiaries. Factors affecting cruise port site selection process differ from cruise
operators to destination managers. However, any common quantitative site selection process is not
found in the literature. There are many different points of view on port site selection process while
there is still a gap to a new approach that uses a new common method in this field. In this study, the
geographical information systems (GIS) based methods are proposed to utilize for finding out the
most convenient site for a new cruise port site selection for all sides of the industry. The results
present a progressive approach which is convincing and objective for decision makers such as
destination stakeholders and regional planners, port constructers, architectures, local partners
toward the port location, port operators, therefore, will have an important role in developments for
the future of cruise industry. On the top of that, the GIS provides some alternative scenario for
stakeholders before the decision.
Keywords: Cruise Port, Site Selection, GIS, Multi-Criteria
*
85
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FACTORS AFFECTING CRUISE PORT SITE SELECTION PROCESS
SEYMA BAYAZITa, TUNCAY KULELIb
aBANDIRMA ONYEDI EYLUL UNIVERSITY
bBODRUM MARITIME VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, MUGLA SK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to define factors related to site selection problem and to investigate how
those factors to be integrated into the process in itself. In order to reach a strategy toward site
selection process, those relating factors are needed to know. Although the site selection process of
each cruise port can be different from each other the ports of the same type such as homeports and
the same size such as boutique ports are similar to each other regarding their common functions. In
the cruise port site selection process, common factors such as location, geographic characteristics,
source market proximity, existing ports near around, destination attractiveness, local demographics,
itinerary trends play important roles. Due to the fact that a seaport investment can be very costly
both for new port construction and for expanding the capacity according to emerging requirements,
all those factors should be considered under a holistic approach. Using desk research methods, cases
one from each type of cruise ports are investigated. It is also reviewed relevant peer-reviewed
literature, port development models such as master plans on corporate policies, and reports
regarding the cruise port site such as trend analysis, industry needs, port associations’ guides.
Finding factors are classified as common and unique features according to the type and size of cruise
ports. As a result, the study presents a set of common and unique category factors to make
researchers enable to use multi-criteria decision-making techniques for each different type of cruise
port. It also helps to advance a comprehensive approach to solving site selection problem by
extending the characteristics of current developed techniques into a holistic methodology.
Keywords: Cruise Port, Site Selection Factors, Multi-Criteria Decision Making
*
86
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INTEGRATION AND APPLICATION OF SOLAR ENERGY IN URBAN ILLUMINATION
MUSTAFA ŞAHİNa, YÜKSEL OĞUZb, TOLGA ÖZERc, MUSTAFA KELEKd
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Solar energy is one of the alternative ways to produce electrical energy other than fossil fuels with
today's rapidly evolving technology. Solar energy is the most important and the cleanest energy
source of all. Converting solar power into electrical energy and widespread usage of it in daily life are
important. This electrical power obtained from solar energy can be used in many areas. Illumination
comes first among these fields. Almost 25 percent of all produced electrical energy around the world
is consumed for illumination. It is a very important percentage. Therefore, using alternative energy
sources for illumination is inevitable. For instance, its usage is quickly becoming widespread for
illumination of urban parks, gardens and street, traffic lamps, intercity highways and roads. In
additionally, production and transmission of electricity are expensive. Based on these facts,
information will be revealed about new solar street illumination systems in this paper. Furthermore,
practical example of solar energy integration for urban illumination in AfyonKocatepe University
campus A.N.S. will be examined.
Keywords: Outdoor Illumination, Solar Energy, Photovoltaic Systems, Solar Street Illumination
Systems
*
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3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EXAMINATION OF SEMI DIRECT LIGHTING TYPE IN INDOOR LIGHTING UNDER THE COLOR SELECTION
MUSTAFA ŞAHİNa, YÜKSEL OĞUZb, MUHAMMED MUSTAFA KELEKc, TOLGA ÖZERd
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, the correlation of color choice of semi direct lighting types for interior lighting on
lighting economy and visual quality is explained. For the study, two sample environments was
selected and only the wall color of the environment was changed on condition that all the physical
environment conditions would remain the same. The wall was painted in champagne, cream, beige
and for these colors; lighting level measurements were made at many points, in height of 90 cm
from the ground, separately in the environment. These measured values were recorded on a paper
in a matrix form. Then, the values recorded for these colors were modeled as three-dimensional in
MATLAB medium and then they were compared. In this way, it was observed that the color of place
selected for semi direct lighting type in designing phase of a lighting system brought along
decreases in energy demand required by lighting elements. As a result, interior color and lighting
level lighting distribution relation of semi direct lighting was compared numerically with the
measurements realized in this study and it was concluded that color choice had positive contribution
to lighting systems in terms of both economy and usage.
Keywords: Indoor Lighting, Semi Direct Lighting, Indoor Color, Lighting Economy, Ergonomics
*
88
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM GERMINATION METHODS FOR TESBI (STYRAX OFFICINALIS L.)
TANSU USKUTOĞLUa, CÜNEYT CESURb, BELGIN COSGE SENKALc, HÜLYA DOĞANd
aBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF FIELD CROPS
bBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF FIELD CROPS
cBOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF FIELD CROPS dBOZOK UNIVERSITY, VOCATIONAL SCHOOL OF TECHNICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF SEED
SCIENCE
Abstract:
Tesbi (Styrax officinalis L.) is a perennial shrub that grows up to 1000 m in a Mediterranean climate.
Tesbi seeds have 50-60 % oil and its most important value is that it can grow and yield easily under
forest trees or arid, barren agricultural areas where it cannot be used in agricultural production. It is
a fact that new plant resources are needed in population and energy equations all over the world.
Gaining the agricultural production of tesbi can create significant opportunities. The most important
step in the cultivation of a wild plant is the rapid and uniform propagation of the plant. This study
was carried out to determine the most suitable germination method of seeds harvested 2 different
times from different altitude regions of Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, and Gaziantep. 16 different
application is done such as 3 different types of cold stratification (30, 75 and 90 days at + 4 °C), 9
different temperature applications (1, 5 and 10 minutes at 40 °C, 60 °C and 80 °C), submersion in
sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (1, 3 and 5 minutes) and cracking. According to the results, germination was
not observed in submersion in sulfuric acid, 75 days at + 4 °C, and at 80 °C (1, 5 and 10 minutes).
Though the germination percentages are very low the first harvest Andırın-Tahta location in at 40 °C
for 5 minutes is 37.5%. Arsuz (Kurtbağı) second harvest and Gâvurdağı first harvest cracking
application germination rates are 36.99%. Dönüklü second harvest 90 days at +4 °C cold
stratification germination rate has been found to be 30%. The earliest germination was determined
in Bulgurkaya first harvest for 90 days at +4 ° C at 17 days. According to these results, it can be said
that different applications should be tried and especially the vegetative propagation techniques
should be studied.
Keywords: Tesbi, Styrax Officinalis L., Germination
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89
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE EFFECT OF EDIBLE COATING ON MINIMALLY PROCESSED “RED GLOBE” DURING COLD STORAGE
AYŞE TÜLIN ÖZa, TÜLIN EKERb, BÜŞRA ERYOLc
aOSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
bOSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
cOSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The main important problem of minimally process fruit is preserve the fresh fruit quality as much as
originality of raw material with high quality grapes with a suitable appearance of grape firmness and
skin color and proper size berries. There are many methods for protection of minimally process fruit
and extend shelf life and protect the quality and safety of fresh-cut fruit. Among the natural
methods for preserving fruit, the use of edible coatings has been widely studied due to their
antimicrobial activity and low toxicity to mammalian cells. The aim of this research was to evaluate
and compare to the effect of chitosan (1%, w/v), sodium alginate (1%, w/v) and chitosan + sodium
alginate (1%, w/v) coatings on shelf-life of minimally processed “Red Globe” table grape, packed in
polypropylene (pp) boxes during 20 days of cold storage. Grapes one day after harvest were
immersed in different coating solutions (1%) for 15 minutes and left to dry for 1 hour. After drying,
grapes were minimally processed and stored in pp boxes at 4 °C for 20 days. With 5 days intervals,
physical (color, firmness, weight loss and decay), chemical (pH, total soluble solid, total phenolic,
total anthocyanin, vitamin C content, MDA content and antioxidant activity) and sensory properties
of treated grapes were investigated. The berry firmness remained satisfactory until the 20th day of
storage in chitosan coated samples. The lowest percentage of decay and weight loss was found in
coated grapes and there were no significant changes between treatments. Coated samples had
higher flavor scores than control regarding sensory analysis. Based on the results of study, edible
coatings with sodium alginate (1%, w/v) can be used to improve the post-harvest quality of “Red
Globe” grapes.
Keywords: Fresh-Cut, Red Globe, Table Grape, Storage, Edible Coating
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90
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BEETROOT FROM MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE
TÜLIN EKERa, AYŞE TÜLIN ÖZb
aOSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
bOSMANIYE KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Beta vulgaris L., commonly known as the beetroot, is a root vegetable grown all over the world. It
has been long used as healthy food as well as medicinal use to prevent diseases like cancer and
heart diseases This vegetable has functional characteristics due to its significant fiber content, both
soluble and insoluble, which can provide interesting technological properties for the food industry,
such as enrichment of pasta, cakes, and cookies. It is desirable, therefore, to process roots in spring
rather than in winter and for this reason it is essenlal to be able to store roots for a period before
processing. The purposes of the present study were to determine the quality parameters of red
beetroot, and to determine the effect of cold storage (1 C) together with modified atmosphere
packaging on the physical and chemical properties of the red beetroot harvested from Osmaniye.
After harvest red beetroots were divided in two groups; i) control (under normal atmosphere in
polyethylene bag) and modified atmosphere packages. Red beetroots were analysed at 7-day
intervals during 56 days of storage.
Keywords: Red Beetroot, Cold Storage, Modified Atmosphere Packaging, Osmaniye
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91
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF SOLUTION CONCENTRATION ON THE SYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLE (AUNP) WITH SOLUTION PLASMA SYSTEM
MEHMET OZKANa, BEKIR ORUNCAKb, ALI ÖZHAN AKYÜZc, RIDVAN UNALd
aAFYON KOCATE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dUSAK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this work gold nanoparticle synthesis was performed with the aid of plasma discharge generated
in AuCl4 solution. 100 ml of AuCl4 solution prepared at different concentrations were used during
the study. The gold nanoparticles obtained were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their size
was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, samples were taken at intervals of
10, 20 and 30 minutes during the experiment and the absorbance values of AuCl4 solution were
determined by UV-Spectrophotometer. While the absorbance values decreased as the time elapsed,
it was observed that the sizes of gold nanoparticles changed between 30 and 50 nm.
Keywords: Gold, Nanoparticle, Plasma, Concentration
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92
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN SOIL GAS, AIR AND MARBLE SAMPLES IN ISCEHISAR MARBLE QUARRY
BEKIR ORUNCAKa, MEHMET ÖZKANb, AYKUT ACARc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
This study aims on determining the radioactivity level in the selected marble quarry in
Afyonkarahisar (İsçehisar), Turkey with three different methods. Radon gas activity and the presence
of 40K, 238U and 232Th were analyzed using AB-5R detector by Pylon Electronics and γ-ray
spectrometry with sodium iodide thallium, {NaI(Tl)} detector respectively. Radon activity in air in the
marble quarries was assessed with AlphaGUARD Radon Monitor. The mean radon activity in the soil
gas and in air in the region was measured to be 9.98 Bq/L – 116.39 Bq/L and 9.91 Bq/m3
respectively. Mean specific activity of 139.29, 38.40 and 35.28Bq/kg for 40K, 238U and 232Th,
respectively were obtained for marble samples taken from the studied quarries. The measured
results indicated that the radioactivity level for both the marble quarries and marble itself are safe.
Keywords: Radioactivity Level, Radon, Soil Gas, Isçehisar
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93
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A MATHEMATICAL JOB ROTATION MODEL FOR ERGONOMICS
AHMET CIHANa, ALPASLAN FIĞLALIb, NILGÜN FIĞLALIc
aDÜZCE UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
bKOCAELI UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
cKOCAELI UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Work Related Musculosceletal Deseases (WMSDs) are soft-tissue disorders of non-acute origin that
are caused or exacerbated by the work environment. These are conditions of the nerves, tendons,
muscles and supporting structures of the musculoskeletal system. WMSDs most frequently occur to
the back, shoulders, neck, elbows, hands, wrists, hips and knees. These disorders are a result of
workplace physical or psychosocial stressors put on the structures over time. WMSDs include, but
are not limited to, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendinitis, herniated discs, sciatica, muscle strains and
sprains and rotator cuff syndrome. Symptoms of WMSDs include general aching or discomfort,
tingling, numbness, swelling, and pain.
WMSDs have negative impacts on individual’s health, on economics due to the lost work hours and
on government due to the health expenses.
WMSDs are arise because of the risks that the worker is exposed in the working environment. Risk
factors can be classified as task, environment, or worker-related within an ergonomic approach. The
task related risk factors are repetition; working postures; force; duration of exposure, Environment-
related factors are working environment and psychosocial factors; and worker-related factors are
individual differences. There are too many ergonomical risk assessment methods for eliminating
these factors. Some can be listed as REBA, RULA, JSI, OWAS, KIM etc. While eliminating the risks in
working environment, some additional work design techniques should be used for supporting the
ergonomical developments. Job rotation is one of the most accepted and widely used technique for
this purpose.
In this study a job rotation model is suggested which uses the KIM scores of all jobs conducted in a
company. The model is a linear 0-1 integer programming model and balances the job loads of the
workers in the long term. And a secondary objective is defined as avoiding hard jobs in sequential
orders for any worker. The model is tested on a real life problem and satisfactory results are
obtained in a very reasonable solution time.
Keywords: Ergonomics, Job Rotation, 0-1 Integer Programming
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94
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A BENEFIT / COST ANALYSIS BASED EXHIBIT SELECTION MODEL FOR SCIENCE CENTERS
KEMAL TAHA HÜLAGÜa, AHMET CIHANb, ALPASLAN FIĞLALIc
aKOCAELI METROPOLITAN MUNICIPALITY DIRECTORATE OF MUSEUMS
bDÜZCE UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
cKOCAELI UNIVERSITY, INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Science Centers aim to bring science and technology to understandable and accessible to society and
to increase the importance of science and technology to society, by bringing individuals of different
age groups and different knowledge together with science by offering experimental and practical
activities, which encourage experience and exploration. Science Centers carry out their duties
through their exhibits and exhibitions. There is a limited number of studies in the literature
regarding which setting of a Science Center will constitute the most appropriate configuration and
which will provide the greatest benefit in the establishment phase or the creation of temporary
exhibitions. These studies deal mainly with the curatorial perspective and describe the factors to be
considered in the design and selection of the exhibits. There is no model in the literature regarding
the selection of exhibits for Science Centers.
In this study, a model is proposed to make the selection of exhibits suitable for defined purposes and
under the specified constraints while creating temporary or permanent exhibitions for Science
Centers. The proposed model works in an heuristic structure based on benefit / cost analysis.
Maximization of theme appropriateness (suitability to strategic objectives), maximization of
educational level and maximization of attractiveness level taken as objective functions in parallel
with the related literature. The constraints consist of the Science Center's total area allocated for the
exhibits, the purchasing budget for the exhibits and the budget allocated for the annual operating
costs. It is known that the Science Centers are visited by different age groups and groups with
different levels of education. It is also desirable that the selection of exhibits should be associated
with the educational levels of the visitors so that the Science Center to be established or the
exhibition to be created will address a particular age group or groups with different levels of
education. For this reason, it is also possible to divide the total purchasing budget or the total area
into groups of exhibits that will address to groups with different levels of education. A software
based on the proposed model was developed and tested for different scenarios.
Keywords: Science Center, Exhibit Selection, Decision Making
*
95
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS IN KIRŞEHİR, TURKEY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS
ARZU KANa, SULTAN - KIYMAZb
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
bAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Today, water is an important natural resource for the sustainability of agricultural production
especially for arid, semi-arid and semi-moist regions. Irrigation, which ensures the sustainability of
agricultural production, prevents the high-cost inputs used in production from being destroyed by
the threat of drought as well as increasing the efficiency. Irrigation management, defined as a choice
and decision-making technique that shows how all the elements related to water and irrigation can
be used, is an important indicator for the sustainable and efficient use of water resources in the
future. It is aimed to evaluate to irrigation water management and operations of the Water User
Associations (WUA’s) in Kırşehir, Turkey. The survey was conducted through face to face interviews.
Likert types questions were used. The results of the study include guiding qualification to the
institutions, organizations and decision makers involved in water management.
Keywords: Water Management And Operations, Water User Associations, Agricultural Irrigation,
Kırşehir, Turkey
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96
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF PLANT PROTECTION PRODUCTS DEALERS: CURRENT SITUATION AND THEIR PROBLEMS IN KIRŞEHIR, TURKEY
ARZU KANa, HAYRIYE DIDEM SAĞLAMb, ALI KORKMAZc, KADIR AKANd
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
bAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
cDIRECTORATES OF PROVINCIAL FOOD AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK dAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The main target in agricultural production is to get the highest yield and quality. There are biotic and
abiotic factors that affect the yield in productions. Therefore, the intensive pesticides or fertilizers
are used to reduce these effects. Pesticide using is increasing because of farmers use them an
unconscious way. The unconscious pesticide using is increasing the cost of the production and it has
a negative impact on the environment, human health and non-target organisms. Plant protection
product dealers are one of the important corporations that inform farmers about plant protection
issues and, they have an important effect on farmers. For this reason, the current situation of Plant
protection product dealers and need to be revealed their problems. This study was conducted to
evaluate current situations and finding problems of plant protection products dealers in 2017-2018
in Kırşehir. For this purpose, all plant protection products dealers were visited and interviewed by
face to face. SPSS statistical analysis program was used in the evaluation of the results. As a result of
the research, this surveys were determined the demographic structure of dealers, the number of the
personnel employed, the occupational proficiency status of dealers and the ability to find solution of
producers problems.
Keywords: Plant Protection Products, Dealer, Kırşehir,Turkey
*
97
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BORAX DECAHYDRATE ON FLAME RETARDANCY OF POLYPROPYLENE
YOLDAS SEKIa, MEHMET SARIKANATb, LUTFIYE ALTAYc, TUGCE UYSALMANd, GOZDE SEVIĞ
TANTUĞe,AKIN İSBILIRf
aDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
bEGE UNIVERSITY
cEGE UNIVERSITY dIMS POLYMERS eIMS POLYMERS fIMS POLYMERS
Abstract:
It is known that polypropylene is a easy flammable material and has a low limiting oxygen index (LOI)
value, which limits its usage range in industrial applications. In order to improve limiting oxygen
index (LOI) value of PP, a model system of intumescent flame retardantsincluding ammonium
polyphosphate (APP), which works as an acid source and blowing agent, and carbonization agent,
pentaerythritol (PER) was used in this study. However, Borax Decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H2O) was
used as synergist to obtain high LOI values for PP. For this aim borax decahydrate at different weight
fractions ( 1,2 and 4%) was mixed with APP and PER mixture and compounded with PP by using twin
screw extruder. Upon addition of Borax decahydrate 4 wt% into mixture, LOI value increased from
35 to 59%. Tensile and three point bonding tests of composites were conducted to determine the
tensile and flexural properties. Besides izod/charpy nothched and unnotched impact strengths of
composites were also obtained. Thermal properties of composites were determined by
thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermomechanical analyses. Withe
addition of Borax dekahidrat into mixture, MFI values decreased. From this study, it canbe
concluded that borax decahydrate can be effectively used to increase the LOI value of PP-based
composites containing APP and PER.
Keywords: Polypropylene, Flame Retardant, Composite
*We would like to thank to Tubitak fur support with a project number 7160061
98
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ENERGY DISSIPATION AND INCEPTION POINT OF AIR ENTRAINMENT FOR FLOWS OVER THE STEPPED CHANNELS
OKAN ARGIŞa, HAMIDULLAH TANIb, GOKCEN BOMBARc, AYŞEGÜL ÖZGENÇ AKSOYd
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE, İZMIR KATIP
ÇELEBI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE, İZMIR KATIP
ÇELEBI UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE, İZMIR KATIP
ÇELEBI UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DOKUZ EYLÜL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Due to the integration of the stepped chute to the downstream face of a Roller Compacted Concrete
(RCC) dam, the body itself can be used as the spillway. The steps of the stepped channels act as high
roughness features and force the outer edge of the boundary layer to reach the free surface and to
initiate the natural free surface aeration which reduces the risk of cavitation. In order to examine the
effect of local contraction on the flow regimes, i.e., nappe, transition and skimming flow regimes,
energy dissipation and the point of inception of air entrainment, experiments were conducted on a
10 cm wide stepped channel having steps 12 cm high and 10 cm long in DEÜ Civil Engineering
Department Hydraulics Laboratory. It is observed that the presence of contraction appreciably
affects both the inception point and energy dissipation.
Keywords: Stepped Channel, Flow Regimes, Energy Dissipation, Air Entrainment
*no support
99
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COOPERATIVE DIVERSITY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN COMBINED RAYLEIGH AND GAMMA FUNCTION MODELED ENVIRONMENT
MEKIC EDISa, PAVLOVIC ALEKSANDRAb
aSTATE UNIVERSITY OF NOVI PAZAR
bSTATE UNIVERSITY OF NOVI PAZAR
Abstract:
Derivation of closed-form expressions for probability density function (PDF) and cumulative
distribution function (CDF) of product of ratio of Rayleigh and Gamma Variate, have application in
performance analysis, modeling and simulation of cooperative diversity systems in fading
environments where envelope of the signal is affected by fast and slow fading. Envelope of co-
channel interference in this system is also affected by both types of fading. Derived solution will be
applied on physical multi hop relaying system to mitigate negative effects of fading on wireless
transmission systems. This approach will prove mathematical and physical applicability of the
cooperative diversity system in given environment.
Keywords: Fading, Rayleigh Distribution, Gamma Distribution
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100
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CONSTRUCTION, GAMIFICATION AND INNOVATION AS PART OF DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION INTEGRATED IN INTERNET OF THINGS
MEKIC EDISa, PAVLOVIC ALEKSANDRAb
aSTATE UNIVERSITY OF NOVI PAZAR
bSTATE UNIVERSITY OF NOVI PAZAR
Abstract:
New technologies in education, cheap and accessibly internet provided possibility for students to
access wide resources of knowledge. Question how this immersion of new technologies affect
existing systems of engineering education and ways how we can develop and adapt to new
technologies is of uttermost importance. The distinctive approach showed applicability in newly
developed environment. Constructive approach is approach were students develop solutions for
newly presented challenges based on theoretical learning, gamification were approaches of
rewarding and achievement based on game approach is used, and finally innovation were students
are encouraged to provide new and innovative solution for wider society. In this research we will
develop system based on this three pillar stone which is easily applicable in IoT environment and
test its effects on students using constructive qualitative methodology.
Keywords: Fading, Rayleigh Distribution, Gamma Distribution
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101
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANT CLINICAL STRAINS
OMER KARPUZa, UGUR KARDILb, AZER OZAD DUZGUNc, ESMA AKYILDIZd, AYŞEGUL SARALe
aDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND BIOENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL
SCIENCES, GUMUSHANE UNIVERSITY dMOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND GENETIC LABORATORY, RECEP TAYYIP ERDOĞAN UNIVERSITY
eDEPARTMENT OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS, FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, ARTVIN CORUH
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Search for new and safe therapeutic methods against the approaching danger of antibiotic drug
resistance due to the unproper use of drugs is being a hot research area according to its importance
in near future. Many alternative approaches are being investigated suach as virophages,
bacteriophages, nanoscale medicines, monoclonal antibodies, antioxidants, probiotics, herbs.
Phytochemical features including pytochemical concentrations and synergistic and/or antagonist
properties are related to herbs’ antibacterial activities. Best known phytochemicals are steroids,
flavonoids, glycosides, β-carotene, coumarins, tannins, saponins, gallic acids, phenolic acid’s
alkaloids.
This research’s goal is to find out new herbal materials that are able to inhibit the growth of the
clinical isolates that has antibiotic resistance. Clinical isolates used in this research are Klebsiella
pneumoniae (n=1), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 1), Escherichia coli (n=1) and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (n=1). Plants and fruits that were collected in Trabzon region of Turkey are Calendula
suffruticosa, Hypericum perforatum and Glycyrrhiza glabra. DMSO were used as solvent and solid-
liquid extraction was employed. Micro-dilution method was preferred fo the determınation of the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). MIC results were obtained through observation of
turbidities.
Inhibition of clinical isolates of A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa and E. coli was accomplished by the
extracts of Calendula suffruticosa. MIC values of Calendula suffruticosa’s extracts against A.
baumannii, E. coli and P. aeruginosa were 10 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml, respectively. MIC
results of the Hypericum perforatum extracts which only inhibited E. coli was 10 mg/ml. Glycyrrhiza
glabra inhibited all the isolates except E. coli. MIC values of Glycyrrhiza glabra’s extracts against A.
baumannii, K.pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were 10 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml, respectively.
In future, we will use different plants and different solvents for inhibition of clinical strains.
Keywords: Inhibition, MIC, Antibiotic Resistance 102
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
*
A PSEUDOSPECTRAL APPROACH TO THERMAL STRESS SOLUTIONS OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED CYLINDER
DURMUŞ YARIMPABUÇa, MEHMET EKERb, ALI YILDIRIMc, KERIMCAN ÇELEBİd
aDEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCE, OSMANIYE KORKUT ATA
UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, OSMANIYE KORKUT ATA
UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY, OSMANIYE VOCATIONS SCHOOL, OSMANIYE
KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF CEYHAN ENGINEERING, CUKUROVA
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are new advanced heat resistant materials that are used in
modern technologies such as heat shielding materials in space planes, nuclear fusion reactors,
pressure vessels for transportation and storage of gases/oil, energy conversion to achieve specific
thermal and/or mechanical properties. Using the Pseudospectral Chebyshev Method, a general
solution for the one-dimensional steady-state thermal and mechanical stresses in a hollow thick
cylinder made of functionally graded material (FGM) is presented. All material properties, except
Poisson’s ratio, are assumed to obey the exponential-law function through the wall thickness with
general boundary conditions on the inside and outside surfaces of the cylinder. These
inhomogeneity material properties produce an irregular and variable coefficient two-point linear
boundary value problem. Analytical solution of such equation may be possible for simple grading
functions, but it is not practical. Consequently, at this stage numerical solution is becoming essential.
The two-point linear boundary value problem is solved numerically by Pseudospectral Chebyshev
method. Pseudospectral Chebyshev method is a global method and converges at a rate that is faster
than that of conventional methods. It can be achieved a great accuracy for coarse grid points. The
displacement and thermal stress distributions are examined for different inhomogeneity
parameters. Benchmark solutions available in the literature are used to validate the results and to
observe the convergence of the numerical solutions.
Keywords: Functionally Graded Material, Hollow Thick-Walled Cylinder, Pseudospectral Chebyshev
Method, Thermal Stress
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103
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS ON FUNCTIONALLY GRADED ANNULAR FIN
DURMUŞ YARIMPABUÇa, ALI YILDIRIMb, MEHMET EKERc, KERIMCAN ÇELEBİd
aDEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, FACULTY OF ARTS AND SCIENCE, OSMANIYE KORKUT ATA
UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY, OSMANIYE VOCATIONS SCHOOL, OSMANIYE
KORKUT ATA UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING FACULTY, OSMANIYE KORKUT ATA
UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF CEYHAN ENGINEERING, CUKUROVA
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
A numerical approach is presented for transient thermal stresses in axisymmetric thin annular fin,
made of a functionally graded material. The material properties, -thermal conductivity, modulus of
elasticity, linear thermal expansion coefficient- are assumed to be graded along the fin radius as a
power-law function while Poisson ratio of the fin is assumed to be constant. The temperature
distribution and thermal stress distribution on the annular fin are depend on time so the governing
equations are derived as partial differential equations. The partial differential equations are
transformed to ordinary differential equations by Laplace transform procedures. The governing
equations are solved on Laplace domain by using Complementary Functions Method (CFM) that will
be infused into the analysis to convert the problem to an initial value problem, which can be easily
solved by, for instance, Runge-Kutta methods with great accuracy. Then the result is transform into
real domain by using Durbin inverse Laplace Transformation method. The technique is validated for
the fin that is isotropic and homogeneous, and all the thermal properties are constant.
Keywords: Functionally Graded Annular Fin, Complementary Function Method, Transient Thermal
Stress
*
104
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
VARIABLES AFFECTING THE BITUMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOAMED ASFALT PRODUCTION
HUSEYIN AKBULUTa, SERDAL TERZİb, CAHIT GURERc, KEMAL ERTENd
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bSULEYMAN DEMIREL UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Because of increased number of traffic and heavy loads causes improved highway standards and
increased asphalt pavements production. So the consumption of natural resources, the increase of
warehouse areas originating from scraped asphalt materials and the cost of production are
becoming increasingly important. For this reason, in recent years, the trend towards asphalt
pavement recycling has been accelerated in the world highway institutions..
Asphalt pavement recycling has been one of the most effective methods in terms of technical,
environmental and economic aspects. The cold recycling in place with foam bitumen where almost
all of the recovered asphalt material can be recycled.
The purpose of foaming the bitumen is to reduce the bitumen viscosity to ensure homogeneous
mixing of the cold recycling asphalt material, hence leads a production in low temperature, les
energy consumption and environmentally friendly pavement production . So the foaming bitumen,
hence foaming asphalt pavement has a variety of benefits in the production process.
In the scope of the study, it is shown that use of foam bitumen for foam asphalt production is the
most effective way of environmentally friendly asphalt pavement production.
Keywords: Foamed Asphalt, Cold Recycling Asphalt Pavement
*
105
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
HIGHWAY PAVEMENT SURFACE ICING AND TRAFFIC SAFETY
HUSEYİNa, CAHIT GURERb, LALE GEVREKc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cBOZOK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Due to the fact that highways have been the most used transportation mode in almost every
country. In the regions of countries with hard weather conditions during the winter season, various
problems, that have been encountered on the roads where terrestrial climate, threaten traffic
safety. It poses significant risks especially in road sections such as tunnels, bridges and vertical
kurves and also causes material loss accidents.
The methods used in the struggle with icing are divided into two classes as active and passive
methods. Passive methods are applied in two ways; chemical and physical. Chemical methods are
the application of a variety of chemicals to the pavement surface with the aim of preventing and
eliminating icing. These chemicals appear to cause some damage to environment, roads, metal parts
of vehicles and traffic sign boards and do not seem to provide the desired performance. Physical
methods are carried out by removing snow and ice from the coating surface by using work
machines. Using this method, both equipment workforce and time losses are occurring.
In the frame of the study, hydraulic heating systems, which are active methods, circulate a heated
fluid through a pipe network located below the pavement layer to melt snow and ice that
accumulate in the coating layer. Paper aims of using geothermal spring waters, which are clean and
inexpensive resources as heated liquids, that prevents without creating snow and ice without
causing environmental damage, human health and financial loss. So the hydraulic anti-icing systems
used in highway pavements have been evaluated that the system can make a great contribution on
traffic safety and road pavement management.
Keywords: :Traffic Safety, Anti-Icing Systems, Hydraulic Ice Melting
*
106
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DISTRIBUTED LOCALIZATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
ONUR CIHANa
aMARMARA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this paper, we study the localization problem in wireless sensor networks where the objective is
to determine the location of an object in two-dimensional space. Each sensor measures its distance
to the object and generates a linear equation with two unknowns: two coordinates of the unknown
object. The sensors are assumed to be imperfect, and the measurement errors are assumed to be
zero-mean Gaussian white noise. The problem can be reduced to solving the linear equation Ax=b+w
where w is the vector of sensor errors. We describe the information flow among the sensors by a
directed graph where the sensors exchange their estimates for the object coordinates with the
neighboring sensors. Each sensor starts with an initial estimate that solves its local linear equation,
and updates by utilizing a discrete-time update algorithm where the estimate at time step k+1 is a
linear function of the estimates of the neighboring sensors and the local estimate at time step k. We
show by a numerical example that the estimates of the agents in a particular primary layer subgraph
asymptotically converge to the least squares solution of the linear equation corresponding to the
same subgraph provided that the subgraph is strongly connected.
Keywords: Localization, Wireless Sensor Networks, Distributed Algorithms
*This work was sponsored by Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under grant
117E204.
107
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SET TYPE YOGURT MAKING WITH AUTOMATION
ALI ERBILI BODURa
aUNIVERSITY OF CANAKKALE ONSEKIZMART
Abstract:
It is full of risks and uncertainties to make standard production in the dairy industry with the reason
that the raw material is easily degraded. Any deviations in production or raw material greatly affect
the whole product. As in most dairy products, too much manpower is used in the production of set
type yogurt on a small area. As the cost of automation goes downwards, the increased workload in
the dairy industry has begun to be loaded on automatic running machines and robots. Automation
and continous production in the dairy industry has been a driving force in providing more controlled,
hygienic and affordable products.
Industrial yogurt production is divided into two types, set type and stirred type. Set type
yogurt is simply incubated in retailer containers and cooled. Stirred type yogurt is incubated in a
tank and is aseptically packed in a fluid state. In fact, we can say that stirred type yogurt has been
developed from set type yogurt for hygienic and continous production.
This work simply presents a production plan approach for set type yogurt with automation.
We can say that the production of yogurt in the container with automation may have a less complex
feature in production line. Since the Mechanical operations and analysis in the production are run at
the same time, the analysis also will depend on the automation system.
Production will be described under two groups as operations on milk and operations on containers
after packaging. There is already automation in the processes up to milk pasteurization. Equipments
and devices which are considered to be used in the following operations such as the automatic
filling machine, conveyors, robots, sensors and palletizing systems, , will be explained in more detail.
Keywords: Set-Type Yogurt, Automation, Sensor
*
108
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
TANKS: A SHORT INVESTIGATION FROM THE DAIRY INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE
ALI ERBILI BODURa
aUNIVERSITY OF CANAKKALE ONSEKIZMART
Abstract:
Tanks are usually simple vessels. Tanks are equipment used to store both raw materials and
products. The proper design and layout of the tanks is very important for safe and economical
production. plants that process liquid food such as dairy and vegetable oil plants are filled with tanks
and pipes connecting them together. No matter how simple a dairy plant is, it can not produce
without a tank or a container.
Because the tanks used in the chemical industry are relatively large in size and often contain
flammable and toxic substances, these characteristics are taken into account in design and
installation. Those used in food and dairy industry are relatively small in volume. Since their content
is generally human food, they should avoid contamination and should not cause reactions that
would produce harmful and toxic substances.
Tanks can be categorized simply as fixed roof tanks, floating roof tanks, low temperature
storage tanks and pressure tanks. Those used in the food industry generally fall into the category of
fixed roof tanks. The issues that need to be considered in tank design and industrial installation are
spacing, arrangement, support, platform, maintenance, piping, nozzles and instrumentation.
Processes are generally carried out in tanks by batch method. In this case, the tanks are
called process tanks in the food industry. The process tanks are also referred to as fermentors,
reactors, mixers, etc according to the place where they are used. In the dairy industry, most of the
production is carried out in process tanks by traditional methods. These are pasteurizer, fermenter,
milk powder tower, churning machine, raw milk storage tank, ice cream mixer, etc. In this study, the
properties of these tanks will be briefly explained with engineering and food perspectives.
Keywords: Engineering, Dairy Industry, Process Tank
*
109
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EVALUATION OF THE ELASTIC AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF WC/ FE-TI CERAMIC-METAL COMPOSITES FABRICATED BY POWDER
METALLURGY
VILDAN ÖZKAN BİLİCİa, İSMAIL HAKKI SARPÜNb, MEHMET SELAMI KILIÇKAYAc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY
cESKIŞEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Tungsten carbide (WC) is an attractive reinforcing material for iron and its alloys. This work was done
to select a possible replacement for iron and titanium as a binder through a phase diagram approach
using selected WC-X systems. Composite samples were produced from tungsten carbide, iron and
titanium matrix powders by using a powder metallurgy. Prepared samples were sintered at the
temperature of 1000 ºC under Ar shroud. The Young’s modulus (E) has been calculated with density
and the ultrasonic velocity measured through ultrasonic pulse-echo method and immersion method.
All ultrasonic velocity measurements were made in mold with the same length and diameter. The
hot-disk method was used to measure the thermal conductivity. There is a steady increase in the
relation between elastic modulus and thermal conductivity. In addition, as seen in the SEM images, it
can be also said that increasing the volume fraction of WC particles favored the grain refinement,
have a stable structure improved the hardness and strength, but decreased the ductility. The results
have been compared with the literature.
Keywords: Composite, Young’s Modulus, Pulse-Echo, Immersion, Thermal Conductivity
*
110
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FUSION REACTOR STRUCTURAL MATERIAL B4C COMPOSITES
VILDAN ÖZKAN BİLİCİa, İSMAIL HAKKI SARPÜNb, AHMET BOZKURTc, SUAT PATd, ABDULLAH AYDINe
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY
cAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY dESKIŞEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY
eKIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Boron carbide (B4C) is one of the most important and widely used materials in nuclear science and
engineering. Boron Carbide (B4C) is a very hard (9.5+ in Mohs scale), low specific gravity (2.52),
covalent ceramic that offers distinct advantages for applications involving neutron absorption, wear
resistance, and impact resistance. Due to high neutron absorption cross section, boron and its
compounds find extensive application in the nuclear industry. Also, fusion reactor structural material
B4C composite is used as shielding materials to absorb neutrons in the nuclear reactors and control
road materials. In this study, B4C composites, which were produced in Eskişehir Osmangazi
University by plasma RF sputtering method and some physical properties of boron carbide
composites produced as candidate materials were investigated.
Keywords: Composite, Boron Carbide, RF Sputtering, Fusion Reactor
*
111
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PROBLEMS OF READY-MIXED CONCRETE USERS IN TURKEY
VOLKAN ARSLANa, SERDAR ULUBEYLIb
aBULENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
bBULENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Ready-mixed concrete (RMC) is the mostly used construction material in the world. Similarly, in
2016, RMC of 109 million m3 was consumed in construction activities in Turkey. This substantial
amount gives a pivotal role to RMC for the Turkish construction industry. Therefore, problems of
RMC users may have a significant impact on construction and construction-related industries in the
country. In fact, the problems faced by RMC users in procurement and utilization activities of this
material are well-known in the industry. These can be listed as the amount of RMC delivered, timely
delivery, payment on time, and the RMC quality. For this reason, the objective of the study was to
identify the problems of RMC users and to make corresponding recommendations for possible
solutions. To achieve this, a questionnaire survey was conducted with active RMC users in Turkey.
Then, answers given were evaluated statistically through SPSS 24.0. Consequently, current problems
of RMC users in Turkey were clarified. As a practical implication, the results obtained may have
useful potential for RMC users and producers to benefit in industrial practices.
Keywords: Problems, Ready-Mixed Concrete, Turkey, User
*
112
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
TURKISH CONSTRUCTION PROFESSIONALS’ AWARENESS OF HANDICAPPED PEOPLE
SERDAR ULUBEYLIa, VOLKAN ARSLANb
aBULENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
bBULENT ECEVIT UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Approximately nine million people in Turkey were described as handicapped in 2017. This huge
amount of people with special needs should meet proper conditions to be active in daily life. For this
purpose, several legal regulations were issued in the international and national arena to create
accessible cities. In accordance with these regulations, local authorities are responsible to build an
accessible built environment for handicapped people. To achieve this, great attention is naturally
expected from construction professionals in their designing and constructing activities. However, as
a general perception of the society, handicapped people in Turkey are dissatisfied with the current
accessibility status of buildings and streets. Although legal regulations seems appropriate to solve
accessibility problems in Turkey, improper design and construction activities and the lack of
inspections can be considered as the main reasons of the discontent. Therefore, the aim of the
current study was to clarify the awareness level of Turkish construction professionals on
handicapped people. In order to do this, a questionnaire survey was conducted with construction
professionals working actively in Turkey. The related answers were evaluated statistically through
SPSS 24.0. As a result, construction professionals’ perceptions of handicapped people were
determined, and thus, possible solutions were offered to create accessible cities in Turkey.
Consequently, both non-governmental organizations related to handicapped people and Turkish
construction professionals may benefit from the results of the study as a practical implication.
Keywords: Accessibility, Awareness, Construction Professionals, Handicapped People, Turkey
*
113
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
POLYMERIC CONTROLLED RELEASE SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW
ÖZLEM AYDINa
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF
FOOD ENGINEERING
Abstract:
Controlled release with polymer-based delivery systems has become one of the most interesting
topics in pharmaceutical science and technology since 1980s. Drug delivery is a discipline developing
and evolving rapidly all over the world. The application of synthetic copolymers in controlled release
systems circumvented the limitations of conventional, rapid release dosage forms. Biodegradable
polymers are preferred due to abundancy, lack of toxicity and compatibility. Controlled release aims
to supply drugs and/or bioactive agents within biocompatible carriers to the living system either by
controlling the site and/or controlling the rate of drug released. Control on the application site can
be achieved by active or passive targeting to the injured region of the body. The form of drug
delivery systems can be sphere, capsule, rod, membrane, slab, etc. Their size may vary from nano,
micro or to mili levels depending on the aim. Controlled release dosage form is the most important
part of the subject. Drug property, route of administration, property of delivering vehicle, drug
release mechanism, targeting ability and biocompatibility determine the dosage of released drug.
Apart from drugs, delivery systems can be designed for gene and protein delivery purposes.
Controlled delivery system aims to reduce the frequency of administrations, which would be a relief
to many patients including the elderly and those chronically ill. In addition, a steady-state level of the
drug minimizes the side effects through reducing fluctuations in drug level. As a result, controlled
release is the technique to control the release of drugs so as to maintain a relatively constant,
effective plasma level for an extended period of time by reproducible and predictable kinetics.
Keywords: Controlled Release, Polymer, Drug, Biodegradable, Biocompatible
*
114
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
STUDY ON CONTROLLED ANTIBIOTIC RELEASE FEATURED BIODEGRADABLE FOOD PACKAGING
ÖZLEM AYDINa
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Controlled release systems have been studying since 1980s especially in pharmacology field. It
becomes important in food, chemistry, agriculture etc. nowadays. Controlled drug delivery aims to
supply bioactive agents within biocompatible carriers to the system either by controlling the site
and/or controlling the rate of agent released. Food applications such as encapsulation of food
ingredients and probiotics in encapsulation technology develop as fast as pharmacology. By means
of encapsulation it is possible to improve the food properties. It can be also possible to protect the
foods by encapsulation technology instead of using food preservatives. In this work, antibiotic
loaded microspheres and casted polymeric film is mixed to make a controlled release featured food
package. This study aims to decrease the negative effects of food preservatives. First of all, antibiotic
microencapsulation is performed. Then, antibiotic loaded microspheres are casted into films.
Antibiotic is casted into same film for control. The released antibiotic is measured and then release
profile is obtained. The two forms of release system (microsphere and antibiotic alone) is compared.
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used as a model food package. The model drug is an antibiotic called as
doxycycline, is in a group of tetracyclines. Doxycycline is encapsulated in polycaprolactone which is
a member of polyesters. Food preservatives are added into food to protect from contamination and
spoilage. Encapsulation of preservatives into package material rather than adding to the food will
decrease the dosage of preservatives getting through the body from foods. The results obtained
from this study gives us encouragement to make new controlled release featured food packages.
Keywords: Food, Package, Encapsulation, Controlled Release, Antibiotic
*This work was supported by the Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit Project
Number: MMF.A3.16.001
115
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE EFFECT OF THE SLOPE ON THE LANDSLIDE
SEDA ÇELLEKa
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
There are many morphological factors that cause landslide. The most influential ones are
determined by the literature survey that shows slope, elevation, curvature and aspec. The
parameters alone are not effective in the formation of landslides. Co-evaluation of multiple
parameters facilitates understanding of the mechanism of landslide formation. However, in the first
step, each parameter alone must be evaluated.
In this study, the effect of slope parameter on landslide formation was investigated with literature
data. For this purpose, about 1,000 landslide susceptibility articles have been examined. In the
study, it was tried to show the advantages and disadvantages of using the slope parameter in
landslide susceptibility studies. Tables were created from slope values in selected articles. In this
way, it has been tried to show which slope intervals the landslides have come to fruition. Finally, the
relation between the slope and the other parameters is taken into consideration.
Keywords: Landslide, Slope, Susceptibility, Elevation,Aspect
*
116
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COMPARISON OF LIMITED ELASTIC MODUL-STRAIN GRAPHICS OF SANDS PREPARED AT DIFFERENT DENSITY
SEDA ÇELLEKa
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Sands that they have different mineralogy were selected for study. Sand 1, Type 5, Type 9 and Type
13 names are given. These specimens were then subjected to different grindin procedures and three
more specimens were prepared from each. Types 14, 15 and 16 sands were obtained by grinding
Type 10, 11, 12 and Type 13 sand with grindin of Type 6, 7, 8 and 9 types of sand with Type 2, 3 and
4, Type 5 sand grindin by grinding Type 1 sand. Each sample that is soil is prepared at 40%
consistency. Samples were prepared at 55%, 58%, 61% and 73% of the type 1 sand. Samples of type
5 sand were prepared at 55%, 58%, 61% and 73%, respectively. Samples of type 9 sand were
prepared at 40%, 58%, 60%, 65% and 68%, respectively. Sands were prepared from type 13 sand
with a density of 45%, 61%, 63% and 68%. The values are calculated for each sample and the tables
are prepared. Finally, the graphics are drawn and visually compared.
Keywords: Imited Elastic Modul, Strain, Sand, Density
*
117
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE PRODUCED BY USING CARBON BLACK
AHMET RAIF BOĞAa, OĞUZCAN KANDEMİRb, CAHIT GÜRERc
aCIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bCIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cCIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ENGINEERING FACULTY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
During winters, extreme conditions such as snowing and icing cause dangerous problems on
highways and airport runways, and these problems affects negatively the transportation. People
have been making great efforts to solve these problems, but some methods can cause deterioration
in pavement. In recent years, electrically conductive concretes are used to tackle the snowing and
icing problems. In this study, it was aimed to produce concrete specimens with low electrical
resistivity and high electrical conductivity. Therefore, carbon black was added into concrete
specimens.
It was observed that homogeneous distribution of the conductive materials in the concrete has a
considerable affect on electrical conductivity. Therefore, methylcellulose and silica fume were used
as dispersant agents. In the study carbon black was used in different rates, and its effects on
physical, mechanical and conductivity properties of concrete was observed. Ultrasonic pulse
velocity, compressive strength, and electrical resistivity tests were performed on concrete
specimens with carbon black in different rates. The test results show that there is a linear
relationship between dosage of carbon black and electrical conductivity of the concrete specimens.
It was concluded that that electrically conductive concrete has the potential to become
environmentally friendly de-icing method to use on the roadway surfaces.
Keywords: Concrete, Carbon Black, Electrical Conductivity, Anti-Icing Applications
*This research study was supported by the Afyon Kocatepe University Scientific Research Committee. Project
Number: 17.KARİYER.210
118
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE INVESTIGATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION BEHAVIORS OF HIGH-SPEED OXY-FUEL (HVOF) TECHNIQUE COATED DUCTILE
IRONS
YUSUF KAYALIa, MUHAMMET KARABAŞb, YILMAZ YALCINc, AYSEL BUYUKSAĞIŞd, ŞÜKRÜ TALAŞe
aDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY,
AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF METALLURGY-
CHEMISTRY, İSTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY,
AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ART, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
eDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY,
AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, alloyed and unalloyed ductile irons (DI) were coated with two different Ni-based
materials by HVOF method. Microstructure and phase analyzes of the coatings were performed to
by using SEM, EDX, XRD methods. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of alloyed and unalloyed
SGCI are investigated in 3.5% (w / v) NaCl solution. As a result of the characterization studies it was
observed that a dense non-porous coating layer of about 80 μm thickness was obtained on the cast
iron samples and continuous adhesion was provided between the coating and the substrate. It has
been determined that the cast iron coated with AMDRY 9624 contains γ and β intermetallic phases
and the coating produced with AMDRY 9951 commercial powder contains only γ phase. As a result
of coating process, the corrosion rate of the alloyed and unalloyed spherical graphite cast irons is
reduced. Also, the corrosion rate of the coating produced with AMDRY 9951 is higher than the
coating produced with AMDRY 9624. The presence of intermetallic phases in the coating produced
with AMDRY 9624 increased the corrosion resistance of the coatings.
Keywords: Hvof Technique, Ductile Iron, Electrochemical Methods, Corrosion Resistance.
*The authors are grateful to the Scientific Research Project Council of Afyon Kocatepe University (Project
Number:17.KARİYER.231
119
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PLAZMA PASTA BORLAMA YÖNTEMIYLE BORLANMIŞ AISI D2 ÇELIĞININ AŞINMA DAVRANIŞLARININ İNCELENMESI
YILMAZ YALÇINa, YUSUF KAYALIb, ŞÜKRÜ ÜLKERc
aMETALURJI VE MALZEME MÜHENDISLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ, TEKNOLOJI FAKÜLTESI, AFYON KOCATEPE
ÜNIVERSITESI
bMETALURJI VE MALZEME MÜHENDISLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ, TEKNOLOJI FAKÜLTESI, AFYON KOCATEPE
ÜNIVERSITESI
cMAKINA MÜHENDISLIĞI BÖLÜMÜ, TEKNOLOJI FAKÜLTESI, AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI
Abstract:
Bu çalışmada, AISI D2 soğuk iş takım çeliğini 700, 750 C sıcaklıklarında 2 ve 4 saat süreyle %70 H2-
%30 Ar gaz karışımında 10 mbar basınç altında ve ağırlıkça %100 Boraks pasta kullanılarak plazma
pasta borlama yöntemi ile borlanmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, çelik yüzeylerinde oluşan borür
tabakalarının morfolojisi optik mikroskobu ile incelenmiştir. Sertlik değerleri, mikro-sertlik cihazı ile
ölçülmüş ve tabaka üzerinde oluşturulan fazlar XRD yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. XRD analizinde FeB,
Fe2B ve CrB fazlarının borür tabakasının üzerinde oluştuğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, borlanmış
çeliklerde elde edilen borür tabakasının kalınlık değerleri, borlama süresi ve sıcaklığın artmasıyla
artığı görülmüştür. AISI D2 çeliğinin orijinal sertlik değeri 452 HV0,05 iken, borlama işlemi
sonucunda, 1789 HV0,05 kadar artığı görülmüştür. Borlama işlemi AISI D2 çeliğinin aşınma direncini
artırmıştır. Fakat, artan borlama sıcaklığı ve süresiyle aşınma hızında artış meydana gelmiştir.
Keywords: AISI D2 Çeliği, %100 Boraks, Plazma Pasta Borlama, Mikrosertlik, Aşınma.
*Bu çalışma için 17.Kariyer.232 nolu projeyi destekleyen Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma
Projeleri Komisyonu
120
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SHARK CARTILAGE (SC) AND SHARK LIVER OIL (SLO) COLON AND LUNG CANCER BY CELL
CULTURE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
MINE DOSAY-AKBULUTa, ELVAN AKGÜLb, NADIR KOÇAK,c, TUĞÇE DURANd, VASFIYE BETÜL
UÇARe
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNI.
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNI.
cSELÇUK UNI. MEDICAL FACULTY dSELÇUK UNI. MEDICAL FACULTY eSELÇUK UNI. MEDICAL FACULTY
Abstract:
Introduction: In treatment of cancer, sharks, with their cartilage and liver oil, has been presented as
a one of these new sources in this study. Cell culture is a preferred method in terms of reducing the
use of experimental animals and to study is more easily.
Method: For lung cancer; The H209 cells; and "CaCo-2 / An1 (Human Colon Adenocarcinoma-
human)" were used as a colon cancer line in our cell culture study. Shark cartilage and liver oil were
used for the treatment.
Findings: When the SLO is administered; the IC50 effective dose value was 200 mg / l at 24 hours;
When SC is administered; the IC50 effective dose value was 120 mg / l at 6 hours against to colon
cancer.
When the SLO is administered; the IC50 effective dose value was 80 mg / l at 48 hours; When SC is
administered; the IC50 effective dose value was 120 mg / l at 48 hours against to lung cancer.
Result: SC application was found to be more effective with a shorter time and lower doses in colon
cancer lines; the SLO was a little more effective, with a lower doses in a the same period of time; in
lung cancer lines.
Keywords: Colon And Lung Cancer, Shark Cartilage And Liver Oil, Cell Culture.
*Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi 13.SAĞ.BİL.15 project number
supported
121
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE SHARK CARTİLAGE (SC) AND LIVER OIL (SLO) AGAINST TO FA AND DMH
APPLICATION ON GENETİC BASES
MINE DOSAY-AKBULUTa, ELVAN AKGÜLb
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNI.
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNI.
Abstract:
Introduction: It is known that DMH, a potent strong carcinogen and formaldehyde (FA) cause to
epithelial cell damage. It has been stated that cartilage can be used to treat malignancies and shark
liver oils are very rich in 1-O-alkylglycerols with the ability to strengthen the immune system.
Method : 80 rats have been classified as follows :
40 DMH Group: 4 ;control - 6 ; given DMH but not cured – 15; given DMH and cured with SC -15;
given DMH and cured with SLO
40 Formaldehite group : 4; control – 6;Given FA but not cured - 15 ; given FA and cured with SC -15 ;
given FA and cured with SLO.
Findings: The cartilage (SC) administration have a curative effect by increasing the activities of both
Tnf-α and p53 genes, against to DMH application, reason of cancer formation and increasing of p53
genesin FA application, reason of lung damage. In both application; the SLO administration showed
pronounced curative effect mainly in Tnf-α activity.
Results: Against to DMH application, reason of cancer formation; the cartilage (SC) was more
effective via increasing the p53 gene activities. Liver oil (SLO) application has an better effect on
mainly Tnf-α gene. SC showed better effect in p53 activity; and SLO was more effective on Tnf-α
gene for lung damage treatment, caused by FA administration.
Keywords: DMH, FA, Colon Cancer, Lung Damage, Shark Cartilage, Shark Liver Oil.
*Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi 13.SAĞ.BİL.15 project number
supported
122
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANGIOTENSION CONVERTING ENZYME I INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF MACROLEPIOTA PROCERA (PARASOL MUSHROOM)
ALI ZEYTÜNLÜOĞLUa
aPAMUKKALE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Angiotension converting enzyme I (ACE-I; peptidyldipeptide hydrolase EC 3.4.15.1) plays an
important role in the control of blood pressure and participates in the body’s renin-angiotensin-
aldosterone hormonal system to regulate blood pressure. It is recommended to inhibit ACE activity
in patients suffering from hypertension. Compared to chemosynthetic drugs, ACE-I inhibitors derived
from natural sources such as food proteins are believed to be safer for consumption and to have
fewer adverse effects. Some edible mushrooms have been reported to significantly reduce blood
pressure after oral administration.
The main purpose of the present study based on the screening of inhibitory effects on ACE-I enzyme
of Macrolepiota procera (parasol mushroom) mushroom extracts. Parasol mushroom is a
basidiomycete fungus, prominent fruiting body resembling a parasol. It is a fairly common species on
well-drained area and found solitarity or in groups and fairy rings in pastures and occasionally in
woodland. Parasol mushroom is globally widespread in the temperate regions. ACE-I enzyme was
purified from sheep lung; 349 fold with a yield of % 1.5 by using ammonium sulfate precipitation
followed by ConA-Sepharose 4B and Lisinopril-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The extract of M.
procera demonstrated that the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity for ACE-I purified
from sheep lungs.
Our study showed that the IC50 value of extracts from parasol mushroom to be 326.6 µg/mL. The
results indicate that M. procera might have a potential antihypertensive effect.
Keywords: Angiotension Converting Enzyme I, Enzyme Inhibition, Hypertension, Macrolepiota
Procera
*
123
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BRAKE PEDAL FORCE ON VEHICLE
HÜSEYİN BAYRAKÇEKENa, TUĞÇE TÜRKBAYb, FARUK EMRE AYSALc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, the effects of the brake pedal force on the vehicle has been investigated by using
brake-suspension test device which simulates real road conditions under laboratory conditions at
Afyon Kocatepe University, Department of Automotive Engineering.
A pressure sensor has been installed at the brake master cylinder outlet which can measure up to 25
bar to measure the fluid pressure in the brake line during braking. The load cell was placed on the
brake pedal of the test device to measure the force on the brake pedal. Experiments were carried
out at different pressing conditions on brake pedal by using three different drivers. As a result, many
parameters, for instance brake pedal force, brake system reaction, change in value of brake force,
etc. has been investigated in the laboratory.
Keywords: Brake Test, Brake Pedal Force, Brake Fluid Pressure.
*AKU BAPK PROJECT NO: 18.KARİYER.58
124
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF FORGETTING LEFT FOOT ON THE BRAKE PEDAL TO FUEL CONSUMPTION
HÜSEYİN BAYRAKÇEKENa, TUĞÇE TÜRKBAYb, FARUK EMRE AYSALc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
One of the most common operating errors encountered with automatic gearboxes is the use of the
vehicle with two foot. This causes the brake pedal to be depressed at the same time as the gas pedal
during travel. In some cases, the novice driver forgets his left foot on the brakes while driving. As a
result, there is an increase in fuel consumption as well as defects in the vehicle braking system. In
this study, the effect of forgetting the left foot on the brake pedal during driving was investigated
experimentally. With the purpose of observed fuel consumption, the experiments carried out in
Brake-Suspension tester was performed for three different brake fluid pressure occurred in the
brake master cylinder. As a result, a curve representing the effect of forgetting the left foot brake
pedal on fuel consumption has been obtained. In addition, this curve is mathematically modelled by
using the hybrid iterative nonlinear regression algorithm. Thus, the physical nature of the situation
discussed is mathematically characterized.
Keywords: Brake Test, Fuel Consumption, Brake Fluid Pressure.
*AKU BAPK PROJECT NO: 18.KARİYER.58
125
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
KINETIC STUDIES ON THE REMOVAL OF REACTIVE BLUE 49 DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION ONTO CHITOSAN-ACTIVATED SLUDGE
COMPOSITE PARTICLES
SAHRA DANDILa, DENIZ AKIN SAHBAZb, CAGLAYAN ACIKGOZc
aCHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ENGINEERING FACULTY, BILECIK SEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY
cCHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ENGINEERING FACULTY, BILECIK SEYH EDEBALI UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Active sludge technology is widely used all over the world. For environmental and ecological
reasons, the disposal of these sludges has become immensely important. The aim of this study was
to evaluate the sludge produced in biological treatment systems as an adsorbent. Sample of active
sludge were collected from a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system. The active sludge (containing
Trametes versicolor) was used for the decolorization of simulated textile wastewater in MBR. The
contact time between the pollutant and the adsorbent has significant importance in the wastewater
treatment by adsorption. A rapid uptake of pollutants and establishment of equilibrium in a short
period signifies the efficacy of that adsorbent for its use in wastewater treatment. In this study, the
adsorption characteristics of Reactive Blue 49 (RB49) from aqueous solution onto chitosan-activated
sludge particles crosslinked with glutaraldehyde have been investigated. The effect of contact time
for the adsorption of RB49 by the chitosan composites was studied for a period of 28 h for initial dye
concentrations of 60 mg/l at 25°C. Adsorbent dosage was 0.025 g/50 ml of dye solution at pH 1. The
adsorption capacities of the synthesized chitosan was 16.91 mg/g for dye RB49. Kinetics of
adsorption was determined by analyzing adsorptive uptake of the dye from aqueous solution at
different time intervals. In order to investigate the adsorption processes of RB49 on the chitosan
composites, four kinetic models were used, including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order,
Bangham and intra-particle diffusion models. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided the
best fit to the experimental data for the adsorption of RB49 dye. Overall, this study indicates the
chitosan-activated sludge particles as an effective adsorbent for the removal of RB49 dye from the
aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Activated Sludge, Adsorption, Chitosan, Composite, Kinetics
*
126
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CHITOSAN-MUSSEL SHELL COMPOSITES AS A NOVEL ADSORBENT TO REMOVE REACTIVE BLUE 49 DYE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION: KINETIC
STUDY
SAHRA DANDILa, DENIZ AKIN SAHBAZb, CAGLAYAN ACIKGOZc
aDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, BILECIK SEYH EDEBALI
UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, BILECIK SEYH EDEBALI
UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Mussel shells are a major source of waste in some marine countries around the world. Chitosan is a
cationic biopolymer obtained chitin, the second most abundant biopolymer in nature and supporting
material of crustaceans, insects, etc. And also it is a non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible and
acts as an efficient adsorbent because of the amino functional groups. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the waste mussel shells as an adsorbent and determine the optimum contact time between
the pollutant and the adsorbent. Contact time is the time period during which the composite is in
contact with the dye solution, one of important parameters in adsorption studies. In this study,
crosslinked chitosan-mussel shell particles was used as an adsorbent to remove Reactive Blue 49
(RB49) dye from aqueous solution. The adsorption of RB49 by the chitosan-mussel shell composites
was studied for a period of 28 h at different time intervals. Initial dye concentrations was 60 mg/l
and adsorbent dosage was 0.025 g/50 ml of dye solution at pH 1 at 25°C. The adsorption capacities
of the synthesized chitosan-mussel shel composites was 14.41 mg/g. In order to investigate the
kinetic models of RB49 on the chitosan-mussel shell composites, four kinetic models were used,
including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Bangham and intra-particle diffusion models.
The best fit to the experimental data provided with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for the
adsorption of RB49 dye. This study determines that the chitosan-mussel shell composite particles as
an cost effective and efficient adsorbent for the removal of RB49 dye from the aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Adsorption, Chitosan, Composite, Kinetics, Mussel Shell Copper Ions In Wastewater
Streams Can Be Reduced And Recovered By Severa
*
127
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES IN VEGETABLE GROWING AREAS IN KIRŞEHIR, TURKEY#
HAYRIYE DIDEM SAĞLAMa
aAHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Vegetables have a very important place in our daily diets. In recent years, farmers have focused on
obtaining high quality and yield from fields. However, some biotic and abiotic factors affect the yield
and quality of products. One of these factors is plant-parasitic nematodes. Each year, plant-parasitic
nematodes are caused estimated to be 80 billion dollars in yield losses. Their damage is easily
confused with other biotic and abiotic factors so farmers cannot control them and cause to be yield
losses up to 100%. Although many economically important species were obtained in vegetable
growing areas in different part of Turkey, no studied have been conducted to determine the plant
parasitic nematodes species in Kırşehir. The aim of this study was to determine plant-parasitic
nematodes species in vegetables growing areas in the province of Kırşehir. Totally 235 soil and root
samples were collected from vegetable fields during 2014-2015. Soil and root samples were
extracted by modified baermann funnel method (Pedri dish method). Plant parasitic nematodes
were permanently prepared for the diagnostic studies. As a result of this study, 4 important plant
parasitic species belonging to the orders Tylenchida were recorded. Most common species were
found in Pratylenchus thornei (Sher et Allen) and Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Chitwood
and. Oteifa 1952.
Keywords: Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Pratylenchus, Meloidogyne, Vegetables, Kırşehir
*This study was financed by Kırşehir Ahi Evran Uni., Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit PYO-
ZRT.4001.14.005
128
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY BEHAVIORS OF POWDER CARBON FIBER REINFORCED CARBON FIBER EPOXY HYBRID COMPOSITE MATERIALS
YELDA AKÇİN ERGÜNa, İSMAIL SINAN ATLIb, MELIH ÖZÇATALc
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The issue of electrical conductivity is one of the most important problems of polymer composite
materials which are frequently used in the aviation sector. In polymer composites, which are
frequently preferred for aircraft production in recent years due to their light weight and mechanical
strength, this problem is tried to be overcome with metal mesh nets coated on aircrafts. However,
this process both increases the total weight and causes an extra production cost.
In this study, electrical conductivity behaviors of epoxy\ carbon fiber\powder carbon fiber hybrid
composites prepared with different powder carbon fiber reinforcement ratios were investigated.
The SEM images show that the powdered carbon fibers used as reinforcing materials in the size
range of 100-400 micrometers tend to be less agglomerated due to their micron size. As a result of
the inhibition of agglomeration and the good dispersion of the conductive carbon fiber particles in
the resin, the electrical conductivity values are increased compared to the materials without carbon
fiber reinforced powder.
Keywords: Electrical Conductivity, Polymer Composite, Carbon Fiber Dust
*
129
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AL2O3 REINFORCED EPOXY MATRIX COMPOSITE MATERIALS
İSMAIL SINAN ATLIa, YELDA AKÇİN ERGÜNb, MELIH ÖZÇATALc, ARIF ERŞANd
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
cAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING dAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
Abstract:
In this study, Al2O3 / epoxy composite materials were produced and some tests were carried out to
evaluate the mechanical performance of Al2O3-added epoxy composite materials. First, mechanical
mixing is performed to ensure that the particles are homogeneously dispersed in the resin. Tests
such as the three point bend test, the Charpy impact test and the Shore D hardness test were
performed to examine the mechanical properties and determine the performance of epoxy-Al2O3
composite materials. As a result of the experiments, the result is that the Al2O3 additive increases
the flexural strength, impact strength and hardness of the epoxy material.
Keywords: Epoxy, Al2O3, Mechanical Properties
*
130
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE EFFECT OF AL2TIO5 ADDITION ON THE DENSIFICATION BEHAVIOR OF MGAL2O4
MELIH ÖZÇATALa, M. SERHAT BAŞPINARb, İSMAIL GÖKSELc, EMRE ÖZd
aDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
One of the most widely used refractory in cement rotary kilns, in the iron and steel industries, and as
well as glass melting furnaces is magnesium aluminate spinel. In spite of its excellent refractory
properties, there are some problems during the production of magnesium aluminate spinel such as:
poor sinterability and crack formation leading poor mechanical strength. This study focuses on the
effect of the aluminum titanate (Al2TiO5) addition on the densification behavior of the magnesium
aluminate spinel. The experiments were done by adding 2.5, 5 and, 10 (wt. %) Al2TiO5 to the
equimolar mixture of α-Al2O3 and MgO. Pellets were formed by uniaxial pressing and the samples
were sintered at two different temperatures, 1500 and 1600 by 4 hours. The densities of the
samples were determined by Archimedes method, phase contents by XRD, and microstructure by
SEM. The study results showed that Al2TiO5 additions increased the density of the sintered samples
at both sintering temperatures.
Keywords: Magnesium Aluminate Spinel, Aluminum Titanate, Refractory Ceramics, Sintering,
Density
*
131
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SINTERABILITY OF MULLITE-AL2TIO5 CERAMIC COMPOSITES
MELIH ÖZÇATALa, M. SERHAT BAŞPINARb, MUHARREM ÖZTÜRKc, ENES KUMBASARd
aDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
cDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY dDEPARTMENT OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Mullite is the one of the most common refractory material for advanced structural and functional
applications. Aluminum titanate (Al2TiO5) ceramics has excellent refractory properties such as high
melting point, low thermal conductivity and good thermal shock resistance. In this work, mullite-
aluminum titanate ceramic composites were synthesized from kaolinite and α-Al2O3 and, MgO
doped Al2TiO5. Experimental samples were produced with uniaxial pressing under 30 MPa with
solid-state sintering 1400 and 1500 °C for 4 hours. The densities of the samples were determined by
Archimedes method, phase contents by XRD and microstructures by SEM. XRD results revealed that
unreacted α-Al2O3 remained and Al2TiO5 addition increased mullite formation. When sintering
temperature increased, mullite formation increased and unreacted α-Al2O3 decreased. It was found
that the addition of Al2TiO5 increased apparent porosity and decreased bulk density of ceramic
composite.
Keywords: Mullite, Aluminum Titanate, Refractory Ceramics, Sinterability, Density
*
132
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
MONTE CARLO CALCULATED STOPPING POWER AND RANGE OF ALPHA PARTICLES IN WATER
AHMET BOZKURTa, İSMAIL HAKKI SARPÜNb
aAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING,
ANTALYA, TURKIYE
bAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, ANTALYA, TURKIYE
Abstract:
Alpha particles have a wide range of industrial and medical applications. This study investigates
stopping power and range of alpha particles in water medium using Monte Carlo simulations. A
point source emitting mono-energetic pencil beam of alpha particles irradiatied a 30 cm radius
water cylinder placed in vacuum. Disk-shaped thin detectors (r=2 cm) were placed inside the cylinder
to obtain average absorbed dose and flux at different distances within the phantom. MCNP6 was
used to yield average flux and absorbed dose in each detector cell to later compute the value of the
stopping power for water at incoming alpha energy. The results obtained in this study are compared
with the data from the NIST compilation.
Keywords: MCNP, Stopping Power, Range
*
133
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
(Γ,N) CROSS SECTION CALCULATION OF SEVERAL SN ISOTOPES BY USING DIFFERENT RADIATIVE STRENGTH FUNCTION MODELS
İSMAIL HAKKI SARPÜNa, HASAN ÖZDOĞANb, AHMET BOZKURTc, ABDULLAH KAPLANd
aAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, ANTALYA, TURKIYE
bAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOPHYSICS, ANTALYA, TURKIYE
cAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING,
ANTALYA, TURKIYE dSULEYMAN DEMIREL UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE AND ARTS FACULTY, PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, ISPARTA,
TURKEY
Abstract:
Photonuclear reaction mechanisms have been investigated since 1950s. Photonuclear reaction data
are very important for understanding of the structure and dynamics of the atomic nucleus. Radiative
strength function describes the average energy distribution of photon emission from highly–excited
states or cross–section for photon absorption. In this study, (γ,n) cross–sections of
116,117,118,119Sn isotopes have been calculated by using Two Component Exciton Model for
different radiative strength functions in the range of giant dipole resonance region. For gamma
strength functions Brink-Axel Lorentzian Model, Hartree–Fock BCS tables, Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov
tables and Goriely’s Hybrid Model have been employed. The best radiative strength function model
has been determined by using the relative variance calculations. Experimental data for the
investigated reactions have been taken from EXFOR library and used for comparisons of the
obtained calculation results.
Keywords: Photonuclear Reaction, Talys, Strength Functions
*
134
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INFLUENCE OF AUTOMOTIVE COOLING FLUID ON GLASS FIBER REINFORCED POLYAMIDE 6.6 MATERIALS - APPROACHES TO PREDICT
THE LIFE-TIME
KONSTANTINA HARRASSa
aCOLOGNE UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
Abstract:
Nowadays, engineering polymers are widely used in the automotive industry. Especially semi-
crystalline thermoplastics - e.g. polyamides (PAs) composites with glass fiber reinforcement (GF) -
play a considerably role in vehicle manufacturing. PA composites offer advantageous features with
high strength and elevated Youngs modulus but exhibit also a drawback due to general tendency of
PAs to absorb water or other polar fluids. The absorption of cooling fluids (i.e. mixture of ethylene
glycol and water) can occur for PAs that functionally integrated in the engine bay and as a
consequence, hydrolysis mechanism starts to degrade chemically the carbon amide groups of the
polymer. As a result, the PA composite deteriorates down to smaller molecules whereby the
mechanical properties obviously worsen and the material can not accomplish its functioning.
The present research study investigates the stability of two different PA 6.6-GF 30 types, and in fact
with and without hydrolysis stabilizer upon prolonged exposure to a cooling fluid at different
temperatures (120 °, 135 ° and 150 °C) and times (24, 72, 168, 336, 504 and 1008 hours),
respectively. The resistance of the PA 6.6.-GF 30 materials produced as samples in shape of tensile
bars against hydrolysis influence is assessed by mechanical experiments. The degradation behavior is
successfully analyzed through infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the intensities of characteristic
peaks, and scanning electron microscopy is used to study the degeneration mechanism.
Furthermore, basing on measured mechanical results the Arrhenius equation is used for the
prediction of the materials’ life times until 50 % failure.
Keywords: Polyamide Composites, Automotive Industry, Cooling Fluid, Arrhenius Equation
*
135
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECTS OF EDM PARAMETERS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN MACHINING OF TOOLOX 44 STEEL
MEHMET BOYa, NAFIZ YAŞARb
aKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
bKARABÜK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this paper, the effect of EDM process parameters on surface roughness for Toolox 44 steel has
been studied. Experiments have been conducted to the effect of discharge current, pulse on time,
pulse off time on material removal rate, surface roughness and tool wear rate. The pure copper
electrode was used to machining at depth of 8 mm. Parts of the experiment were conducted with
the L9 orthogonal array based on the Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were
performed to identify the significant parameters. The discharge current was found to have
significant effects on material removal rate and surface roughness.
Keywords: Toolox 44, EDM, Anova, Surface Roughness, Electrode Wear
*
136
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE INFLUENCE OF COLD AIR ON MACHINABILITY OF THE NICKEL-ALUMINIUM BRONZE
NAFIZ YAŞARa, MEHMET BOYb
aKARABÜK ÜNIVERSITESI
bKARABÜK ÜNIVERSITESI
Abstract:
Many cooling methods were used as an alternative to reduce metal working fluids consumption.
Cold air is the one of these cooling methods. The effect of cutting parameters and cold air on surface
roughness in turning of nickel-aluminium bronze has been investigated. Machining tests were
performed by turning of three cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut). Cold
air gun was used to produce the cold air. Surface roughness measurements were performed by using
a Mahrsurf M300. ANOVA has been performed for statistical analysis. The analysis of variance
results indicated that the cold air, feed rate and dept of cut were the most significant factors for the
surface roughness.
Keywords: Nickel Aluminium Bronze, Cold Air Gun, Anova, Surface Roughness
*
137
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THE FIELD ORIENTED CONTROLLING A PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR ON A DEVELOPMENT
BOARD
MERVE SEVIM CAMGÖZa, SAID MAHMUT ÇINARb
aAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Because of high energy efficiency and small dimensions, permanent magnet synchronous motors
(PMSM) are widely used in industry. In the controlling on the PMSM, advanced methods such as
field oriented control (FOC) algorithm are used. The FOC algorithm has advantages of very precise
speed and position control. The FOC algorithms can be applied with sensor or sensorless in the
PMSM controlling. We realized the sensorless FOC algorithm for the PMSM on the simulation
(MATLAB/Simulink) and experimental (TMDSHVMTRINSPIN development board) environments. For
the simulation and experimental tests, it was selected a three phase PMSM which its rotor type is
surface mounted with radial magnets, has 10 pole and 12 slot structure, 1,5kW power, 2000rpm. To
simulate the FOC algorithm in the MATLAB/Simulink, it was used a model of motor modelled with
finite elements methods based software package. For the speed and current control, we preferred
the proportional and integral (PI) controller in the FOC. To determine PI controller parameters it was
derived by genetic algorithm methods. The PMSM was tested different speeds and the results
obtained simulation and experimental setups were investigated. The results was shown that
simulation and experimental results are verified.
Keywords: Pmsm, Field Oriented Control, Genetic Algorithm
*
138
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF INTESTINAL MASS BY REGION GROWING METHOD
ISMAIL SARITASa, ALI YASARb, HUSEYIN KORKMAZc
aSELCUK UNIVERSITY
bSELCUK UNIVERSITY
cSELCUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Image processing is a field of which its popularity increases and continues and, that grows
dynamically with new technologies. Nowadays, image processing finds itself in use in almost every
field. One of these uses is undoubtedly in the field of medicine, where diagnosis and treatment
planning are made from images and, which is constantly changing with newly developed techniques.
Of course, the most important factor in using this so widely in the medical field is the acquisition of
images on every medical field. With the help of these images, the complaints can be seen more
easily and the doctor can follow a path in the treatment of the disease. In our study, we used the
Region Growing segmentation method to detect the intestinal mass. This study compares the area
determined by the specialist with the area obtained with the segmentation process and, it is seen
that the created software system can be used as an auxiliary system to specialist doctors.
Keywords: Computer Aided Diagnosis (Cad); Image Processing; Region Growing Segmentation
*Selcuk University
139
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVENSTIGATION OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH IN FORMWORK WITH DIFFERENT SURFACE
MUSTAFA ALTINa, ALI GUNELb
aSELCUK UNIVERSITY, HIGHER SCHOOL OF VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES
bKOSKİ KONYA WATER AND SEWERAGE ADMINISTRATION GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF CHANNEL
CONSTRUCTION BRANCH, KONYA/ TURKEY
Abstract:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of formworks with different surface properties
on some physical properties of concrete. To determine the influence of formworks on the physical
properties of concrete; Four curtain wall formworks with a height of 1,20 m, width of 1,50 m and
thickness of 20 cm were prepared during the investigation period. Curtain wall formworks are made
of plastic, sheet metal, pine lumber and plywood surfaces without any treatment on them. The
prepared formworks were placed C30 Self-compacting concrete. On the concrete blocks
extracted from the formworks; surface hardness with Schmidt hammer and on the core, samples
taken from the concrete blocks compressive strength tests were also performed.
Consequently, according to all measured properties on the concrete blocks and core samples taken
from these blocks; the concrete produced with plastic surface formwork gives better results than the
concrete produced with pine timber formwork. Furthermore, it has been observed that while pine
timber formwork showed the lowest performance, the plastic formwork showed the highest
performance.
Keywords: Concrete Formwork, Self-Compacting Concrete, Concrete Compressive Strength, Core
Sample, Shear Wall
*
140
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PROTON, DEUTERON AND ALPHA EMISSION OF BN COMPOSITES
SARPÜN İ.H.A, BOZKURT A.B, AYDIN A.C, PAT S.D, BELGAID M.E
AAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, PHYSICS DEPT., ANTALYA, TURKEY.
BAKDENIZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ANTALYA, TURKEY. CKIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY, PHYSICS DEPT., KIRIKKALE, TURKEY.
DESKISEHIR OSMANGAZI UNIVERSITY, PHYSICS DEPT., ESKIŞEHIR, TURKEY. eUSTHB, PHYSICS FAC., ALGIERS, ALGERIA.AKARABÜK ÜNIVERSITESI
BKARABÜK ÜNIVERSITESI
Abstract:
Boron nitride (BN) are industrially well-known composites that are considered to be structural
material for a fusion reactor. Their most important property is to be resistant to very high neutron
irradiation environments due to low activation characteristics in fusion reactor structural material
researches.
In this study, particle emission of BN composites, produced in Eskisehir Osmangazi University by
plasma RF sputtering method, have been investigated using Monte Carlo codeto obtain proton,
deuteron and alpha emission spectraunder neutron irradiation.
Keywords:
141
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ENERJİ TALEP TAHMİNİNE YÖNELİK PROGRAM GELİŞTİRME VE BİR BÖLGE İÇİN UYGULAMASI
Abdurrahman BICERa, Ahmet YONETKENb
a DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS, AFYON
KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY ,03200 AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, RENEWABLE ENERGY SYATEMS,AFYON
KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY ,03200 AFYONKARAHISAR TURKEY
Özet:
Talep tahmini, dağıtım şirketleri tarafından, belirli zaman aralıklarında farklı senaryolar belirleyerek,
gelecek için enerji planlaması yapmak adına yapılan, elektrik enerjisi miktarının, puant güç talebinin
ve abone sayısının tahmini olarak tanımlanmaktadır[1]. Talep tahmini, dönem olarak kısa, orta ve
uzun dönemli olarak üç ayrı başlıkta incelenir. Bu çalışmanın uygulama aşamasında kısa dönemli
talep tahmini üzerinde durulmuş, yapay sinir ağları yöntemi kullanılarak toplam yüke dayalı olarak ve
bölgeye dayalı olarak iki farklı tahmin modeli oluşturulmuştur. Bu iki farklı model ile tahmin işlemi
yapılıp, sonuçları karşılaştırılıp, modellerin hata oranı azaltılmaya çalışılmıştır. Modellerin
oluşturulmasında ise yöntem olarak Yapay Sinir Ağları yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, rastgele
seçilen bir haftalık tahmin değerlerine göre toplam yüke dayalı modelin ortalama hata değeri %7,04
iken bölgesel yüke dayalı modelin ortalama hata değeri %7,66 çıkmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Talep tahmini, Yapay Sinir Ağları, Matlab NNTOOL
142
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A REWIEW ON PROTON BEAM THERAPY
Rıdvan ÜNALa, Bekir ORUNCAKb, Mehmet ÖZKANb and Sabri ÇEVİKc
aVOCATIONAL SCHOOL OF HEALTH SERVICES, USAK UNIVERSITY, USAK, TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
The main aim of all radiational treatments is to kill tumors. The main point is to be precise and
deliver all the radiation right onto tumor without spreading it onto healty tissue. The beam is
delivered by a gantry-mounted linear accelerator. A gantry is a mechanical sytem that permits the
beam delivery from different angles by rotating around the patient. In this review the proton
therapy, target and current clinical routines are going to be discussed. The cost of proton therapyis
going to be compared toother treatment methods. Moreover, technical challenges such as size of
facilities, beam quality and biological challenges are going to be adressed.
Keywords: proton therapy, gantry, radiational treatment
143
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DEVELOPMENTS IN TEXTILE FINISHING APPLICATIONS
ZEYNEP ÖMEROĞULLARI BAŞYIĞITa
aUSAK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TEXTILE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Generally, textile finishing applications consume high amount of energy and water during processes.
As textile materials applied with water and chemical in a finishing bath, they have to be dried and/or
cured after each treatment which causes consuming high amount of heat energy in textile industry.
That’s why, new researches in textile industry and research field have been focused on new effective
finishing methods which decreases the amount of water and energy while providing functional or
multifunctional treatments on textile materials that have been needed and requested especially in
technical textile area. So in this study, environmental-friendly new textile finishing applications with
updated versions of them which have showed a significant improvement in textile industry lately,
has been detailed in a way of properties, parameters and significant functional effects on different
textile materials. A comparison was carried out between latest finishing applications and
conventional methods that showed a clear view on significant advantages such as decreasing
amount of water and energy in an environmental-friendly manner.
Keywords: Textile, finishing, new application, environmental-friendly
*
144
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DESIGNING A PV EMULATOR WITH STM32 DISCOVERY BOARD FOR MODELING THE PARTIAL SHADING EFFECTS
Burak ARSEVENa, Said Mahmut ÇINARa
a AFYONKOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
[email protected], [email protected]
AhmetNecdetSezerKampusü, 03200 Afyonkarahisar/TURKEY
Abstract:
The photovoltaic (PV) panels are commonly used in the generating electricity from the sun. The
efficiency of PV panels are significantly affected by many parameters such as irradiance,
temperature, and partial shading effect. In case of the partial shading conditions, local and global
maximum power points (MPP) are observed in the current-voltage (I-V) curve of the PV panel.
Emulators that can act like a solar panel are used to be tested comparatively in the research
applications on PV systems. In this study we designed a PV panel emulator which can model the
partial shading effects. The design details of a STM32 based the PV panel emulator were presented.
We used three series connected DC/DC buck converters in the emulator. The converters were driven
by PWM unit of the discovery board. MATLAB/Simulink software was used for getting of I-V
characteristic, and STM32 firmware was coded with MATLAB/Code generated tool box.
Key words: Photovoltaic (PV) panel, PV panel emulator, STM32 Discovery board
145
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ON THE DESIGNING OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) DEVELOPMENT PLATFORM TO TEST THE PV SYSTEMS
Ramazan ARSLANa, Said Mahmut ÇINARa
a AFYONKOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
[email protected], [email protected]
AhmetNecdetSezerKampusü, 03200 Afyonkarahisar/TURKEY
Abstract:
Photovoltaic (PV) panels are semiconductor device developed to produce electricity from the sun.
The maximum power of the PV panel are affected by many parameters such as irradiance,
temperature, semiconductor features, shading conditions, surface clearance etc. To maximize
electricity production of the PV panels, the PV panels must be operated in maximum power point
(MPP). The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are used to ensure operation in the
MPP. To test experimentally the MPPT algorithms, PV test platforms are needed. In this study, we
designed a PV development platform equipped with two same PV system and a data acquisition
(DAQ) unit. The PV systems was consist of a load/grid, a PV panel, and a micro inverter that can be
configured the MPPT firmware. The DAQ unit was capable of simultaneously measuring and saving
the some parameters; surface temperaturesof the PV panels, ambient temperature, irradiance level,
PV voltage and current, load/grid voltage and current.Two different MPPT algorithm loaded in the
micro-inverters could be simultaneously tested with the PV development platform.
Key words: Photovoltaic (PV) panel, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), micro inverter
146
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
MIXED VANADIUM OXIDE PREPATION BY SOLUTION PLASMA SYSTEM
Sabri ÇEVİKa, Bekir ORUNCAKb, Mehmet ÖZKANb and Rıdvan ÜNALc
aDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
bDEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
cVOCATIONAL SCHOOL OF HEALTH SERVICES, USAK UNIVERSITY, USAK, TURKEY
Abstract:
In this work, the goal was to synthesize vanadium nanoparticles in solution plasma technique. The
solution plasma was produced by discharging with a bipolar DC power supply and the system was
applied to the aqueous solution of VOSO4•xH2O at different concentrations to prepare vanadium
nanoparticles. The effect of different discharge times (0, 10, 20 and 30 minutes) and applied voltages
(1000, 1500 and 2000 V)during the synthesis was investigated. The TGA, XRD, SEM and EDX results
of the products were analyzed and compared. It is understood that the products were not vanadium
nanoparticles and they are mixed vanadium oxides in microcrystalline form.
Keywords: vanadium, synthesize, nanoparticle, plasma
147
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SALDIRI TESPİT SİSTEMLERİ İÇİN BAZI VERİ MADENCİLİĞİ ALGORİTMALARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
ONUR GÖKA, GÜLNIHAL EROLA, KAAN BARIŞ KOCABAŞA
aBilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Kocaeli Üniversitesi, Kocaeli, Türkiye
Abstract:
İnternetin yaygınlaşması ile beraber verilerin dijital ortamda güvenle saklanması önemli bir çalışma
alanı oluşturmuştur. Bu konuda authentication, cryptography, firewalls, digital signatures gibi birçok
savunma mekanizması üzerine çalışmalar vardır. Bu güvenlik çalışmaları genellikle verinin gizlenmesi
ile ilgili çalışmalardır. Verilerin ele geçirilmesi için saldırılar olduğu gibi verinin saklandığı sistemi
yavaşlatma, durdurma, hizmet verememe gibi yıkıcı ağ saldırıları da vardır. Sistemlerin güvenliği
sadece verinin gizlenmesi değil, veriyi kullanan kişilere hizmet verme ile de ilişkilidir. Bu sebeple
bilgisayar ağ sistemlerine saldırıların kısa zamanda tespiti hizmetin sürekliliği açısından önem arz
eder. Saldırı tespiti için günümüzde önemli gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalarda doğruluk,
hız, recovery gibi parametreler saldırı tespit sistemleri için önemlidir. Saldırı tespiti için alarmın
verilmesi sürekli zaman içinde network monitoring yaparak gerçekleştirilir. Çok farklı saldırı türü ve
çok fazla ağ trafiği göz önüne alındığında monitoring işlemi için çok fazla veri işleme gerekir. Bu tür
büyük verilerin analizi için data mining algoritmaları kullanılmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada saldırı tespit sistemleri için svm, c4.5 karar ağacı, mlp ve adaboost data mining
algoritmaları kullanılarak saldırı çeşitliği çok olan KDD Cup’99 verileri üzerinde analiz yapılmıştır.
Analizler sonucunda saldırı tespiti için doğruluk parametresi üzerinden karşılaştırılmışlardır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Ağ Saldırıları, Saldırı Tespit Sistemleri, Veri Madenciliği Algoritmaları, KDD Cup’99
148
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SPACE VECTOR PULSE WIDTH MODULATION TECHNIQUE USED IN HARMONIC ANALYSIS FOR THE THREE PHASE INVERTERS
Merve Sevim CAMGÖZa, AHMET YONETKENb
aDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
Pulse width modulation (PWM) converters are genarally used due to unity power factor application
with reduced total harmonic distortion (THD) at ac mains and also provide constant-regulated dc
output voltage even under fluctuations of ac voltage and dc load.In this study; Three-phase inverter
modeling using space vector pulse width modulation technique was performed in Matlab / Simulink
environment. The harmonic variation of the system is also investigated with the LC passive filter
connected to the inverter output and it is aimed to adjust the total harmonic value to the acceptable
value range by making fitler adjustment. In the system, passive R-L load is preferred. Power-based
foundations were considered in the study..
Keywords: Three-Phase Inverter, Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, Passive Harmonic Filter
149
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ti-15Cr-5Co IMPLANT MATERIALS USING BY POWDER METALLURGY
Ahmet YONETKENa, Ayhan EROLb, Hazizan Md AKILb, Okan Aytug KULOGLUb
aDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
c DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, SAINS UNIVERSITY,
PENANG, MALAYSIA
d DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
Titanium intermetallic compounds possess attractive properties that make them good candidates
for high temperature structural applications. It is known that Ni3Al intermetallics are commonly
used in various application fields with the addition of Cr, in particular as well as elements such as Ti,
Co, Mo and Fe which are related to this group for improving properties thereof. Given this
information, sintering process was used in this study powder to Ti15Cr5Co powders mixture. When
the properties of the sample after sintering were examined we were able to reveal the effects of Co
on TiCr and consider 5% Co added compositions as the most suitable ratio in terms of mechanical
properties. Analyses were conducted metallographically on the samples after sintering, the densities
were calculated, hardness and shear strengths were determined. According to the data 5% Co added
composition had 3,94 gr/cm3 of density, 329,46 HV hardness values at 1100°C. Keywords: Three-
Phase Inverter, Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, Passive Harmonic Filter
Keywords: Sintering, intermetallic, composite, high temperature.
This research was supported by the Higher Education Council MEV-2016-005 We would like to extend our
gratitude to YOK
150
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF Ti-10Cr-3,33Co-3,33 EGG SHELTER COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING BY POWDER METALLURGY
Gunnur PESMEN, AHMET YONETKENb, Ayhan EROLb
a AFYON KOCATEPE ÜNIVERSITESI, ULUSLARARASI ILIŞKILER UYG. ARŞ.MER. ANS KAMPÜSÜ,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
Titanium intermetallic compounds possess attractive properties that make them good candidates for
high temperature structural applications. It is known that TiCr intermetallics are commonly used in
various application fields with the addition of Cr, in particular as well as elements such as Ti, Co, Mo
and Fe which are related to this group for improving properties. Given this information, sintering
process was used in this study powder to Ti-10Cr-3,33Co-3,33Egg shelter powders mixture. When
the properties of the sample after sintering were examined we were able to reveal the effects of Co
on TiCr and consider 3,33% Co added compositions as the most suitable ratio in terms of mechanical
properties. Analyses were conducted metallographically on the samples after sintering, the densities
were calculated, hardness and shear strengths were determined. According to the data 3,33% Co
added composition had 3,72 gr/cm3 of density, 285,5 HV hardness values at 1200°C.
Keywords: Egg Shelter, composite, sintering, high temperature
151
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRODUCTION A STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF REINFORCED ASTALOY-CrM USING ELECTROLESS NICKEL PLATING OF
BORON NITRIDE COMPOSITE
Ahmet YONETKENa, Ayhan EROLb
aDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
The microstructure, mechanical properties and metalgraphic characteristics of Ni plated BN-Astaloy
Cr-M powders were investigated using specimens produced by tube furnace sintering at 700-1100°C
temperature. A uniform nickel layer on BN powders was deposited prior to sintering using
electroless plating technique. A composite consisting of ternary additions, metallic phases, Ni and
Astaloy Cr-M within a matrix of Astaloy -CrM has been prepared under Ar shroud and then tube
furnace sintered. XRD, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), Experimental results carried out for
composition (%1.66BN-%31,65Astaloy-CrM)%66,67Ni at 1000°C suggest that the best properties as
86,12 HB and permittivity were obtained at 1400°C
Keywords: Ceramic Metal Composite, Electroless Nickel Plating, Sintering
This project is supported by a project from AKU Scientific Research Project Dept. which is numbered
17.KARIYER.162
152
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
HYDROGEN POWERED CARS AND FUEL CELLS
Erol AYAZa, AHMET YONETKENb
aDEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY,
AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
Abstract:
Electricity generation from renewable energy sources is increasing day by day. The use of electricity
produced from these sources has also been widely used in various fields. A fuel cell is a device that
generates electricity by a chemical reaction. Every fuel cell has two electrodes called, respectively,
the anode and cathode. The reactions that produce electricity take place at the electrodes.In this
study, an overview of the classification of vehicles using hydrogen in various ways was made. The
use of hydrogen in vehicles can be studied in two main classes as designs where hydrogen is burned
and converted to electricity and energy is produced. The hydrogen fuel cell is an electrochemical
device that converts hydrogen into electricity and converts hydrogen into electricity.
Keywords: Fuel Cell Vehicles, Hydrogen, Automotive
153
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DEMOLITION WASTE USE ON CONCRETE PRODUCTION AND EFFECT ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
Ismail DEMİRa, M.Serhat BASPINARb, Erhan KAHRAMANc
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR,
TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR,
TURKEY
Abstract:
Demolition Waste Use on Concrete Production and Effect on Physical and Mechanical Properties of
Concrete.The rapid growth of the world's population and, scientific and technological developments
in the industry require efficient and effective use of limited natural resources. The concept of
sustainable construction in the construction sector has become increasingly important in the world.
Every year in the World billions of tons of construction demolition waste in construction industry are
emerge. These wastes are disposed of in wild storage areas in some countries and in some countries
they are recycled by different applications.
Recycling of construction and demolition waste has become a popular research area in the whole
World because of its economic and environmental benefit. The importance of the issue was
highlighted in scientific research conducted on the protection of the natural environment.
Researchers have conducted studies demonstrating the scientific and technical details of the issue.
The use of recycled materials provides both protection of nature and economic use of natural
resources, and gives environmental protection consciousness to new generation. In many countries,
strict legal regulations have been introduced to the practices related to the recycling of construction
waste wastes today. In this study, the economic, technical and environmental reasons which
necessitated the construction waste recycling, in particular the sources, recycling and use of
concrete wastes were examined. In this study, some technical properties and applications of
recycling aggregates and to improve the concrete properties produced from recycling aggregates
have been investigated. Finally, the difficulties in assessing recycled concrete (GPL) wastes and
suggestions for their solution were presented.
Keywords: Demolition waste, Recycled aggregates, Recycled concrete, Physical and mechanical
properties.
This study is supported by Scientific Activities Support Program of Afyon Kocatepe University
154
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRODUCTION OF FOAM CONCRETE WITH LIGHTWEIGHT AGGREGATE ADDITION
Ismail DEMİRa, M.Serhat BASPINARb, Hasan DEDEc, Erhan KAHRAMANd
aDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR,
TURKEY
b DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGY ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE
UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY
cDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR,
TURKEY
dDEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERİNG, AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, AFYONKARAHISAR,
TURKEY
Abstract:
Foam concrete is a lightweight building material that combining good mechanical strength with low
thermal conductivity and ease of workmanship. It is a low density hardened Portland cement paste
or mortar, containing a large number of small bubbles of air which gives it a fine cellular structure.
Foam concrete due to the unexpected advantages has become more popular in recent years
according to conventional concrete. Today's technology has great contributions to the improvement
and usage of light weight foamed concrete. Foamed concrete is a kind of aerated concrete which is
aerated by using foaming agent or chemically. It is consist of cement, fine sand, fly ash, stone dust
etc., water and a foam, or swelling agent which produces a strong, lightweight concrete containing
millions of evenly distributed, consistently sized air bubbles, or cells.
It is offers many benefits which mainly cost saving, fast completion and easy application compared
to other materials such as steel, timber and brick. Although foamed concrete is considered its low
compressive strength it has high thermal and sound insulation. Foamed concrete has low self-
weight, with minimal consumption of primary aggregate, controlled low strength and excellent
resistance to water and frost. In this study, coarse-grained mineral aggregates were used in addition
to fine-grained raw materials. Physical and mechanical properties of foam concrete specimens have
been investigated.
Keywords: Foam concrete, lightweight agregate, Foaming process, lightweight wall blocks,
mechanical properties
This study is supported by Scientific Activities Support Program of Afyon Kocatepe University
155
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COMPARISON OF RESISTANCE SPOT WELDABILITY DIAGRAMS OF DP600/TRIP800 STEEL JOINTS HAVING SAME AND DIFFERENT SHEET
THICKNESS
Ramazan KAÇARa, N. K. OMER H. MARWANb, Hayriye ERTEK EMREc
aMANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
b MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
c MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
Abstract:
In this study, the good weldability diagram (weld lobe) intend to developed by obtaining the
optimum welding range for dissimilar DP/TRIP steels resistance spot weldment having same or
different sheet thicknesses. With using this diagram, it will be easier to select the optimum welding
parameters for welding engineers. For this purpose, the mechanical tests of joints were carried out
and the weld nugget geometry was determined. By evaluating the test results, the weld lobe
diagrams were developed for DP/TRIP steel spot weldment having same and different sheet
thickness. An effect of sheet thickness difference on the developed weld diagrams is determined.
Keywords: Resistance spot welding, DP600/TRIP800 different joint, weldability diagram (weld lobe).
This work was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Karabük University. Project
Number: KBÜ-BAP-17-DR-2
156
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF ELECTRODES COATING WITH DIFFERENT MATERIALS BY ELECTROSPARK METHOD ON THE RESISTANCE SPOT WELD QUALITY
Ramazan KAÇARa Hayriye ERTEK EMREb, Batuhan BOZKURTc
aMANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
b MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
c MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, TECHNOLOGY FACULTY, KARABUK
UNIVERSITY, KARABUK, TURKEY
Abstract:
DP600 dual phase steel is a group of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) grade that is widely
preferred and also used in the automotive industry. The lightweight for fuel saving and high strength
for resistance to vehicle safety are reason for preference of these steels in the body parts of
vehicles. DP sheets which are frequently used in automotive production are generally joined with
resistance spot welding method. However, the deformation occurs at the electrode tip surfaces due
to locally high temperatures reached at the surface of the electrodes contacting the workpiece and
due to the application of a certain pressure to the electrodes through joining processes in the
resistance spot welding. For this purpose, the coating can apply to extend the lifetime of the Cu-Cr-
Zr electrodes. In this study, two different coating materials, TiC-Co and CrNi, were deposited on the
end surfaces of Cu-Cr-Zr electrodes by electrospark (ESD) method. The effect of the coating on the
electrodes life time and conductivity is investigated and the weld quality of DP600 steel spot welded
couples is also evaluated.
Keywords: Resistance spot welding, DP600/TRIP800 different joint, weldability diagram (weld lobe).
This work was supported by Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Karabük University. Project
Number: KBU-BAP-17-YL-4
157
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ZIRCONIA-ALUMINA (ZRO2-AL2O3) COMPOSITES FOR WEAR RESISTANCE APPLICATIONS
Arife YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFET KAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
In present research, to the best of author knowledge, it is first time that it was aimed toproduce the
ceramic-based screw centering bush for a wear-resistant high technology product in alumina
toughened zirconia (ATZ) composition. More specifically, this new material enables a superior
property for the combining of nuts on metal parts used as connection elements in the automotive
industry. It is because that metal-based screw centering bushes shows the short processing life,
rapid wear and severe adhesion on the metal sheet during welding. Hence, to overcome these
problems, ceramic-based counterparts were produced by 3mol % yttrium stabilized tetragonal
zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) host structure doping with 20 wt % alumina (Al2O3) powders
between 1500-1600oC by 25o climbing temperatures during 2 hour dwell-time.The physical,
mechanical, wear, crystalline phase and microstructural features of sintered parts were
characterized by Archimedes’ principle density measurement, micro indentation hardness and
toughness analysis, abrasion test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy attached
with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) methods. Based on the overall results, fully dense
ATZ ceramic screw centering bushes were successfully produced by moderate toughness (5.5
MPa.m1/2) and high hardness 14 GPa values with main tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) and corundum
(Al2O3) phases and minor monoclinic zirconia (t-ZrO2) phase that seemed sub-micron grain size in
microstructure. Furthermore, very low wear values were observed.
Keywords: Zirconia, Alumina, Ceramic, Composite, WearApplications.
158
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NOVEL BLACK-COLORED ZIRCONIA CERAMICS BY INTRODUCING MANGANESE OXIDE
Arife YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFET KAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Colored zirconia ceramics have been recently attracted for many areas such as ornamental goods,
kitchenware and biomaterial applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and high
corrosion resistance. Herein, it was purposed todevelop the novel black-colored zirconia
(ZrO2)ceramics by doping the host ZrO2crystal structure with manganese oxide (MnO). For this
purpose, 3mole % yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP)powders doping with
0.1-20 wt. % MnOwere firstly mixed by 1.5 % wt. binder, 1.5 % wt. plasticizer and 3 % wt. lubricant
to prepare the suspension. Afterwards,mixture was stirred axial milling at 180 rpm/min for 1 day,
and following the powders was allowed for dry at 60oC in the oven. Dried ZrO2 powder was passed
through 150 µm sieve to obtain granules. To form the zirconia bulk sample, cold isostatic pressing
(CIP) was utilized at 250 MPa The furnace was also fixed by 700oC, and then held at temperature to
allow for binder burnout for approximately10 hours. Finally, ceramics were sintered by the range of
1400-1500°C for 1 hour in air atmosphere. Phase and microstructural contents of samples were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy attached with energy
dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses. Also, calorimetric L, a, and b values were measured.
Considering the results, vivid black-colored zirconia ceramics were obtained by MnO addition that
giving rise to spinel-based new phase formations along the microstructure. It is thought that this
black-colored zirconia ceramic can be considered an alternative material in many different functional
ceramic applications.
Keywords: Black-Color, Zirconia, Ceramic, Manganese Oxide.
159
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ABERRATION-CORRECTED SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (ABC-STEM) OBSERVATIONS ON THE POWDER AND
SINTERED Y-TZP CERAMICS
Hilmi YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFET KAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Aberration-corrected microscopy precisely unveils the atomic details of crystalline solids. Herein, a
state-of-the-art transmission electron microscopy by spherical aberration-corrected probe was used
to examine the yttrium stabilized zirconia polycrystalline powders (Y-TZP) that synthesized by
hydrothermalroute and a sintered sample through used to same Y-TZP powders. Considering the
results, using Zr and Y characteristic X-ray lines in EDX analysis at atomic-scale, the Zr and Y atomic-
column were clearly observed. Thus, substitutional Y atoms were seen to sit the Zr atomic sites
within tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) lattice structure. However, same data were not acquired by
atomic-resolved electron energy loss-spectroscopy (EELS). Thus, EDX analysis at atomic-scale can be
considered as an alternative way to distinguish the atomic columns. Furthermore, to the best of
author knowledge, it is the first time that martensitic phase transformation inside a zirconia grain
was captured by diffraction spectrum imaging. Thus, the regions including tetragonal- and
monoclinic-ZrO2 polymorphs within the same grain were clearly distinguished.
Keywords: Aberration-Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (AbC-STEM), Y-TZP,
Ceramic
160
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANALYTICAL TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (ATEM) INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SUPERFINE POWDER AND SINTERED CO/Y-
TZP CERAMICS
Hilmi YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFET KAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) is a powerful tool to identify the precise
chemical composition of constituents for any phase that developed synthesizing and/or sintering
process. Co/Y-TZP ceramics are unique materials for blue-colored products. However, exact coloring
mechanism in these ceramics has not been revealed yet. It was, therefore, aimed to characterize the
both powder and sintered forms of Co/Y-TZP ceramics through ATEM-based techniques e.g. energy
dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Based on the results, a
secondary phase-cobalt aluminate spinel (CoAl2O4)-was analytically detected by elemental line scan
and map data extracted from the EDX and EELS analysis in sintered Co/Y-TZP ceramics, while not
being detected in powder sample. Also, the chemical traces of Co inside the ZrO2grains were
observed. These results imply that not only formation of cobalt aluminate spinel phase (CoAl2O4) but
also incorporation of cobalt (Co) and aluminum (Al) into the Y-TZP structure are significant
approaches on the evolving of blue color.
Keywords: AnalyticalTransmission Electron Microscopy (ATEM), Co/Y-TZP, Ceramic
161
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL SYSTEM FOR BIOMEDICAL QUESTION ANSWERING
HarunBOLATa, Baha ŞENa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
In this paper, we describe our bio-medical document retrieval system which is the part of Bio-
Medical Question Answering system. For document retrieval, about 26.5 million PubMed articles
were indexed with Apache Lucene text search engine. The proposed system consists of three parts.
First part of the system is question analysis module which analyzes the question and enriches
question with biomedical concepts of the question words. Second part of the system is document
retrieval module. In this step proposed system was tested by using different information retrieval
models like Vector Space Model, Okapi BM25 and Query Likelihood. Third part of the system is
document re-ranking module which is responsible for re-rank documents which are retrieved in
previous step. Our proposed system was tested with BioASQ challenge task 6B training questions.
The best MAP score is obtained on document retrieval phase when use Query Likelihood with
Dirichlet Smoothing model. On the re-rank phase, sequential dependence model was used, but this
model produced worse MAP score according to previous phase.
Keywords: Information Retrieval, Document Retrieval, Biomedical Question Answering, PubMed
162
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FERROELECTRIC PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS
Ahmet TÜRKa, Denız Çoban ÖZKANb, Erdal ÇELİKc
a MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
b MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
c MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
ABO3 structure ferroelectric materials have been used frequently in photovoltaic cells in recent
years. Ferroelectric photovoltaic cells’ efficiency 4% in 2009 but now it have reached 22.1%. The
basic perovskite structure found in ferroelectric materials is a simple cubic structure containing
three different ions in the form of ABO3. The atoms A and B represent +2 and +4 ions respectively,
and O is -2 oxygen ion. The structure of ABO3 is generally surface-centered cubic (FCC), with atoms A
at the corners and O atoms at the surfaces. The B atom take place in centre position. In ABO3
structure, A is a rare earth element, while B is a three-dimensional significant transition metal.
Considering the structure of the ferroelectric lattice, the lattice structure is not cubic, the B (Ti) and
O atoms are relatively displaced. BaTiO3, BiFeO3, LaFeO3, and LaMnO3 ferroelectric materials are
the most studied materials that can be used in thin film photovoltaic cells. In this study, general
properties and development of these ABO3 structured materials used in photovoltaic cells are
examined. We made a discussion of the main achievements of these ferroelectric materials as well
as a critical review of the development by referring to the lattice structural differences and energy
band gaps. In this review; a perspective on the advantages and disadvantages of these ferroelectric
materials compared to each other is revealed.
Keywords: Ferroelectric, Photovoltaic Cell, ABO3
163
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF TARTRAZINE AND SUNSET YELLOW IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS AND FOOD SUPPLIES BY HPLC-
DAD
Betul ESENa, Tulay OYMAKa, Emrah DURALb
a CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY,
SIVAS, TURKEY
b CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL
TOXICOLOGY, SIVAS, TURKEY
Abstract:
Tartrazine (E102), one of the most commonly used yellow food dye, is a synthetic lemon yellow azo
dye used as a food coloring. Sunset yellow (E110) a petroleum-derived orange azo dye, also known
as yellow dye #6, is used to give foods an orange-yellow colour. Both food dyes have serious
toxicological risks, that are mutagenic and carcinogenic effects.For this reason, it is very important
that the quantities in food products and pharmaceutical preparations are determined by a powerful
and sensitive method.In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)with diode
array detector (DAD) method was developed and validated for simultaneous quantitative
determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow in pharmaceutical preparations and food
supplements.
The chromatographic separation was carried out a reverse-phase C18 analytical column, 4.6 x 250
mm, 5 µm particle size, at 40°C. The mobile phase prepared as a mixture of pH 4 oxalate buffer,
methanol, water (7:2:1, v/v) was isocratically applied to the column at 1 mL/min flow and for the
determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow, diode array detector was set at 432 nm and 480 nm ,
respectively. The samples were loaded into HPLC column in a volume of 20 μL. Retention times of
tartrazine and sunset yellow are 2.6 and 4.9 min, respectively.The linear range for dye molecules are
0.2 mg/L and 20 mg/L, detection limits are 0.02 mg/L and 0.06 mg/L. Relative standard deviation
(method precision) of the method is 4.0% for tartrazine and 7.1% for sunset yellow. Recovery values
in pharmaceutical samples which applied at 2, 5 and 10 mg/L concentrations were found to be
ranged from 87.7% to 104.3%.
The developed method has been successfully applied to pharmaceutical preparations and food
supplements. The developed method is the simple, fast and reliable method that can be applied to
different samples.
Keywords: Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, HPLC-DAD, Method Validation
164
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY PERSIMMON SHELLAS NATURAL BIOSORBENT
Elif Ceren KARGIa, Tuğba KEÇEa, Çilem IŞIKa, Tülay OYMAKb, Ayten ATEŞa
aCUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING,
SİVAS
B CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT, SİVAS
Abstract:
The use of synthetic dyes is increasing day by day, widely used in various industries from food to
textile, resulting in discharging of dye contained water into ecosystem threatens aquatic lives. From
the view of environmental protection, the removal of synthetic dyes in aqueous medium is very
important. In the present study, persimmon (DiospyroskakiThunb.) shell asbiosorbent was used for
there moval of methyleneblue (MB) from an aqueoussolution. The characterization of the
persimmon shellis done with scanning electronmicroscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The study were
performed under different experimental parameters such as pH of solution, initialdye concentration,
contact time, e.g. wereoptimized to achieve quantitative removalandassess the plants potentiality
on dyere moval from wastewater. The quantitative extraction of MB was achieved for 200 mg/L of
MB within 40min at pH 7. The biosorption data of MB on persimmons hell was fitted with Langmuir
model with a maximum adsorption capacity was 303.03 mg/g.The experimental results shows that
the use of persimmons hellas biosorbent is fast, effective and attractive alternative on removal of
MB from dye wastewater, is favorable on nature conservation.
Keywords: Methylene Blue,Diospyroskaki Thunb, Biosorption
165
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY PERSIMMON SHELLAS NATURAL BIOSORBENT
Emrah DURALa, Aslı BOLAYIRb, Burhanettin ÇIĞDEMb
a CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL
TOXICOLOGY, SIVAS, TURKEY
b CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, SIVAS, TURKEY
Abstract:
Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-
arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. Some of the factors complicating phenytoin dosing include a
narrow therapeutic window, high degree of protein binding, and nonlinear pharmacokinetics.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin is carried out to ensure effective and safe levels.
In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for
quantitative analysis of phenytoin in plasma .The chromatographic separation was carried out with a
reverse-phase C18 column (4.6 x 250 mm, 5 µm particle size), at 40 °C. A mixture of a phosphate
buffer (10 mM KH2PO4, 10 mM K2HPO4 (1% triethylamine)) and acetonitrile (70:30, v/v) was used
as a mobile phase. It applied to the analytical column isocratically at 1 mL/ min flow.The ultraviolet
detector was set at 220 and 230 nm, for detection of phenytoin and diazepam that used as an
internal standard. The samples were loaded into the HPLC manually as a 20 μL loop volume. Total
run time was below 11 minutes. Liquid-liquid extarction was used for sample treatment. Plazma
samples was extracted with 5 mL hexane, isoamyl alcohol mixture (95:5, v/v) Final extacts was
loaded to the liquid chromatograph by manual injection system as 20 µL. According to ICH
guidelines, the method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and recovery. The
method showed linearity between 5 and 50 µg/mL concentrations with good correlation
coefficients. Plasma recovery tests were carried out at concentrations of 10, 20 and 30
ppm.Accuracy and precision tests were appiled to the concentrations of 10, 20 and 30 ppm.
The method developed and validated was a simple, rapid, reliable method that can be used in both
therapeutic drug monitoring study and overdose toxicological analysis of patients using phenytoin.
Keywords: Phenytoin,Therapeutic drug moitoring, HPLC, Ultraviolet detector
166
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DETERMINATION OF PATULIN LEVELS IN BABY FOOD PRODUCTS BY DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED HPLC METHOD
Emrah DURALa
a CUMHURIYET UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL
TOXICOLOGY, SIVAS, TURKEY
Abstract:
Patulin is an unsaturated heterocyclic lactone produced by certain fungal species growing on fruits.
It is a carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic and also acutely toxic chemical compound. It has
been known to be as a natural contaminant of processed apple and other fruit products. For this
reason, it is very important that the quantities in food products are determined by a powerful and
sensitive method.
A simple, rapid and reliable determination method of patulin in apple juice by high-performance
liquid chromatography method (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection (UV) was developed. A simple and
rapid liquid-liquid extraction method which have high recovery values was used in this research.
Patulin was separated on reverse phase ACE-5 C18 analytical column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle
size), eluted by mobile phase (water: acetonitrile, 19:1, v/v) and detected on 276 nm, using an
ultraviolet detector. The mobile phase flow rate was 1 mL/min and the sample injection volume was
20 µL. Column thermostat was set to 30 °C. Total chromatographic run time was below the 10 min.
After the chromatographic conditions were determined, the method was applied to 8 baby food
products which were the best-selling products on the market belonging to different trademarks.
This developed method has been found to be a reference method that can be routinely used for
quality control and toxicological purposes in patulin monitoring studies in many kinds of marketed
baby food products.
Keywords: Patulin, Baby food products, HPLC, Ultraviolet detector
167
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
TITANIUM COATING AND IN VITRO ANALYZES OF PEEK BIOMATERIALS
Fatih SARGINa,Garip ERDOĞANb, Ahmet TURKa
a METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
b METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, SAKARYA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semi-crystalline high-performance thermoplastic polymer that can
be used as an implant material in orthopedic and traumatic applications. PEEK has some superior
properties such as high melting point, stability at high temperatures, good wear resistance, good
fatigue behavior, good corrosion resistance and low toxic release. However, PEEK is biologically inert
and has low bioactivity. One of the effective way of improving bioactivity of PEEK is coating the
surface of polymer with bioactive material. In this study PEEK polymers were coated with titanium
(Ti) in order to improve their surface properties by two different methods; Atmospheric Plasma
Spray (APS) and Magnetron Sputtering (MS). After the coating procedure, XRD and EDX analyzes
were performed for chemical characterization and coating thicknesses were measured by SEM. In
addition to that, in vitro tests were performed to evaluate the behavior of coated samples in
simulated body fluid (SBF). Results revealed that Ti coatings which were produced by APS showed
better stability in SBF environment.
Key words : PEEK, Titanium, Plasma Spray, Magnetron Sputtering
168
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FRICTION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF B-DOPED TIO2 THIN FILMS PRODUCED ON TI6AL4V ALLOY
Muhammet Taha ACARa,Tuba YETIMb, Halim KOVACIa, Ali Fatih YETIMb, Ayhan CELIKa
a ATATURK UNIVERSITY
b ERZURUM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Ti6Al4V biomedical alloy is commonly preferred in biomedical applications such as implants or
prosthesis but its poor tribological properties restrict its usage. In this study, B-doped TiO2 coatings
with different B:Ti molar ratios of 0.5:1 and 1:1 were coated on Ti6Al4V alloy by sol-gel to improve
its tribological properties. The structural and mechanical properties of samples were characterized
by XRD, SEM, 3D profilometer and micro hardness tester. Wear tests were performed by a pin-on-
disk tribotester in dry and simulated body fluid (SBF) conditions. The results showed that TiO2 films
improved the surface hardness of the material and the increasing B molar ratio increased the
hardness of TiO2 films. Tribological examinations revealed that TiO2 coated samples showed better
wear resistance in comparison to untreated sample due to the formation of hard and stable TiO2
layers. It was found that both untreated and TiO2 coated samples exhibited lower friction coefficient
and wear rate in SBF than dry conditions. Also, it was seen that the increasing B content provided
further improvement in terms of wear resistance.
Key words : TiO2; B-doped TiO2; friction; wear
This study is supported by The Scientific And Technological Research Council Of Turkey, Project Number:
117M088
169
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF THERMAL PROPERTIES OF SYNTHETIC AND NATURAL GRAPHITE FILLED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITES
Lutfiye ALTAYa,Yoldaş SEKIa, Sena GULEN OCLUIa, Gozde SEVIG TANTUGa, Akin ISBILIR a, Mehmet
SARIKANATa
a EGE UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, two types of graphite were used as highly thermal conductive fillers. Natural graphite
or synthetic graphite with various weight ratios were mixed into Polyamide 4.6 (PA4.6) by twin-
screw extruder and composite granules were obtained by strand pelletizer. Then, graphite filled
PA4.6 based composite plates were fabricated by injection molding. Effect of type and weight ratio
of fillers on the thermal properties of composites was examined. In-plane and through-plane
thermal conductivity values of the composites were determined by Xenon Flash Diffusivity Analyzer.
Thermal stability of composites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of
graphite loading into PA46 on melting temperature, melting enthalpy, crystallization temperature,
and crystallization enthalpy of PA46 were obtained by using differential scanning calorimetry.
Thermal mechanical analysis was performed to determine the coefficient of thermal expansion of
the composites. In addition, change in morphological structure of graphite based composites was
studied in detail by scanning electron microscopy. Thermal characterization of the composites
revealed that the incorporation of graphite significantly improved the thermal conductivity PA4.6.
Besides, it has been observed that both synthetic and natural graphite showed positive effect on the
thermal stability of the composites.
Key words :polyamide composites, graphite, thermal properties
170
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ABERRATION-CORRECTED SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (ABC-STEM) OBSERVATIONS ON THE POWDER AND
SINTERED Y-TZP CERAMICS
Hilmi YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFETKAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Aberration-corrected microscopy precisely unveils the atomic details of crystalline solids. Herein, a
state-of-the-art transmission electron microscopy by spherical aberration-corrected probe was used
to examine the yttrium stabilized zirconia polycrystalline powders (Y-TZP) that synthesized by
hydrothermalroute and a sintered sample through used to same Y-TZP powders. Considering the
results, using Zr and Y characteristic X-ray lines in EDX analysis at atomic-scale, the Zr and Y atomic-
column were clearly observed. Thus, substitutional Y atoms were seen to sit the Zr atomic sites
within tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) lattice structure. However, same data were not acquired by
atomic-resolved electron energy loss-spectroscopy (EELS). Thus, EDX analysis at atomic-scale can be
considered as an alternative way to distinguish the atomic columns. Furthermore, to the best of
author knowledge, it is the first time that martensitic phase transformation inside a zirconia grain
was captured by diffraction spectrum imaging. Thus, the regions including tetragonal- and
monoclinic-ZrO2 polymorphs within the same grain were clearly distinguished.
Keywords: Aberration-Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (AbC-STEM), Y-TZP,
Ceramic
171
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANALYTICAL TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (ATEM) INVESTIGATIONS ON THE SUPERFINE POWDER AND SINTERED CO/Y-
TZP CERAMICS
Hilmi YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFETKAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) is a powerful tool to identify the precise
chemical composition of constituents for any phase that developed synthesizing and/or sintering
process. Co/Y-TZP ceramics are unique materials for blue-colored products. However, exact coloring
mechanism in these ceramics has not been revealed yet. It was, therefore, aimed to characterize the
both powder and sintered forms of Co/Y-TZP ceramics through ATEM-based techniques e.g. energy
dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Based on the results, a
secondary phase-cobalt aluminate spinel (CoAl2O4)-was analytically detected by elemental line scan
and map data extracted from the EDX and EELS analysis in sintered Co/Y-TZP ceramics, while not
being detected in powder sample. Also, the chemical traces of Co inside the ZrO2grains were
observed. These results imply that not only formation of cobalt aluminate spinel phase (CoAl2O4)
but also incorporation of cobalt (Co) and aluminum (Al) into the Y-TZP structure are significant
approaches on the evolving of blue color.
Keywords: AnalyticalTransmission Electron Microscopy (ATEM), Co/Y-TZP, Ceramic
172
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ZIRCONIA-ALUMINA (ZRO2-AL2O3) COMPOSITES FOR WEAR RESISTANCE APPLICATIONS
Arife YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFETKAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
In present research, to the best of author knowledge, it is first time that it was aimed toproduce the
ceramic-based screw centering bush for a wear-resistant high technology product in alumina
toughened zirconia (ATZ) composition. More specifically, this new material enables a superior
property for the combining of nuts on metal parts used as connection elements in the automotive
industry. It is because that metal-based screw centering bushes shows the short processing life,
rapid wear and severe adhesion on the metal sheet during welding. Hence, to overcome these
problems, ceramic-based counterparts were produced by 3mol % yttrium stabilized tetragonal
zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) host structure doping with 20 wt % alumina (Al2O3) powders
between 1500-1600oC by 25o climbing temperatures during 2 hour dwell-time.The physical,
mechanical, wear, crystalline phase and microstructural features of sintered parts were
characterized by Archimedes’ principle density measurement, micro indentation hardness and
toughness analysis, abrasion test, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy attached
with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) methods. Based on the overall results, fully dense
ATZ ceramic screw centering bushes were successfully produced by moderate toughness (5.5
MPa.m1/2) and high hardness 14 GPa values with main tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) and corundum
(Al2O3) phases and minor monoclinic zirconia (t-ZrO2) phase that seemed sub-micron grain size in
microstructure. Furthermore, very low wear values were observed.
Keywords: Zirconia, Alumina, Ceramic, Composite, WearApplications
173
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NOVEL BLACK-COLORED ZIRCONIA CERAMICS BY INTRODUCING MANGANESE OXIDE
Arife YURDAKUL
ALANYA ALAADDIN KEYKUBAT UNIVERSITY, RAFETKAYIS FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, DEPARTMENT
OF METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING, 07450, ALANYA-ANTALYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
Colored zirconia ceramics have been recently attracted for many areas such as ornamental goods,
kitchenware and biomaterial applications because of their excellent mechanical properties and high
corrosion resistance. Herein, it was purposed todevelop the novel black-colored zirconia
(ZrO2)ceramics by doping the host ZrO2crystal structure with manganese oxide (MnO). For this
purpose, 3mole % yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP)powders doping with
0.1-20 wt. % MnOwere firstly mixed by 1.5 % wt. binder, 1.5 % wt. plasticizer and 3 % wt. lubricant
to prepare the suspension. Afterwards,mixture was stirred axial milling at 180 rpm/min for 1 day,
and following the powders was allowed for dry at 60oC in the oven. Dried ZrO2 powder was passed
through 150 µm sieve to obtain granules. To form the zirconia bulk sample, cold isostatic pressing
(CIP) was utilized at 250 MPa The furnace was also fixed by 700oC, and then held at temperature to
allow for binder burnout for approximately 10 hours. Finally, ceramics were sintered by the range of
1400-1500°C for 1 hour in air atmosphere. Phase and microstructural contents of samples were
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy attached with energy
dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analyses. Also, calorimetric L, a, and b values were measured.
Considering the results, vivid black-colored zirconia ceramics were obtained by MnO addition that
giving rise to spinel-based new phase formations along the microstructure. It is thought that this
black-colored zirconia ceramic can be considered an alternative material in many different functional
ceramic applications.
Keywords: Black-Color, Zirconia, Ceramic, Manganese Oxide
174
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ANALYZING RESULTS OF CONCRETE SLUMP TEST BY USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUES
Nigmet KOKLUa, Ilker Ali OZKANa, Mustafa ALTINa
aSELCUK UNIVERSITY, KONYA, TURKEY
Abstract:
New technologies and artificial intelligence are a natural and inevitable reality of human
development. Technological changes affect almost every part of our lives. Today, the use of
intelligent systems and artificial intelligence methods in engineering studies increases rapidly. These
methods are also used in civil engineering and material engineering. The most important building
material of construction engineering is concrete and instant concrete quality plays a key role in a
construction project. The workability of concrete can’t be measured directly. Instead, the concrete
consistency, which gives a general idea of the workability of the concrete mixture is measured.
Concrete should be poured in suitable consistency according to ambient conditions. For this reason,
the concrete slump test was developed to determine the consistency in the related sector. The
concrete slump test is used to determine the consistency and workability of the concrete. In this
study, the results of the concrete slump test, previously obtained with experimental results were
analyzed by using artificial intelligence techniques.
Keywords: Concretes slump test, artificial intelligence techniques
Scientific Research Project of Selcuk University
175
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR HEART DISEASE PREDICTION
Ilker Ali OZKANa, Burak TEZCANa, Murat KOKLUa
a DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, SELCUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Heart diseases are the leading cause of life-threatening illnesses in the world. An important point in
heart diseases is that they often associated with many risk factors. Examples of these risk factors are
unhealthy and irregular diet, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, sedentary life and excessive
consumption of cigarettes and alcohol. These risk factors are used effectively for the diagnosis of
heart disease. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are frequently used in the medical field to predict
various diseases. ANN is an effective medical decision support system because of its ability to model
associations on medical data. In this study, a dataset, which gives the condition of the heart disease
according to the important risk factors, was used. The dataset first subjected to preprocessing
techniques and a model of heart disease prediction was developed using ANN. A 5-fold cross-
validation method was used for the measurement of the ANN model performance, and heart
disease was predicted with %90.10 accuracy. Additionally, prediction models were constructed using
Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, KNN methods and %84, %76, %62 and
%80 accuracy rates values were obtained respectively. This ANN model which is constructed based
on the risk factors and has high accuracy rates offers a preliminary diagnosis decision support system
that indicates prevention of heart disease without costly laboratory tests.
Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Clinical Decision Support System, Heart Disease Prediction
176
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
LED ANIMATION CIRCUIT DESIGN FOR CONSTRUCTION MODELS
Adem GOLCUKa, Mehmet BALCIa, Burak TEZCANa
A SELCUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Industrial models are miniatures with increased realism, with a constant reduction in real
construction. The models are indispensable for those who attach importance to visuality, new
designs and customers. The models have the power to make people feel the same feelings that the
original structure has. In this study, a lightning circuit with animated flashes which represents the
lights of the apartments for a building model of a site with 16-story blocks was designed. In order to
increase the reality of the models, apartments, roads, streets and other buildings were illuminated in
a similar way to the original. Thus, the designed models become more visual feast and more
remarkable. The model is illuminated both internally and externally. The Pic16F628 microcontroller
was used to provide control of the circuit and load the animation program. Because of each block is
16-story, 2 pieces of 75HC595 shift register with 8-bit output were used for each block. Thus, each
floor has been lighted. For each block in the site, 2 of these integrated circuits were used. The
microcontroller uses the SPI communication protocol to write the data that must be present at the
outputs. Thus, using only 3 pins of the microcontroller, the 16-bit data was written into the 74HC595
integrated circuit. For each subsequent block, only 1 pin was used in the microcontroller. Pic Basic
Pro language is used for microcontroller software. The printed circuits were prepared in the Ares
program.
Keywords: Microcontroller, 74HC595, Building Model, SPI Communication Protocol
177
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER USAGE IN THE PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF CHEST DISEASES
Mehmet BALCIa, Burak TEZCANa, Adem GOLCUKa
a DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, SELCUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The use of computer systems has become widespread in diagnosing many diseases in the world. In
some cases, it is almost impossible to diagnose diseases without computer systems. Therefore,
developments in the field of computer engineering are closely related to success of the discipline of
medicine as well as all other disciplines. Especially, the applications of machine learning – a big part
of artificial intelligence – are getting widespread day by day. In this study, a software for the
preliminary diagnosis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) using Naïve Bayes Classifier
is developed. Naïve Bayes Classifier is known as one of the simplest and most widely used methods
in probabilistic problems. The main principle of the classifier is that every attribute in the data set
has a probabilistic effect on the class. 5 different data from the patient’s story is used in the
software. In the creation of the dataset, the data taken from 220 patients and the preliminary
diagnosis of the specialist based on this data were used. As a result of the study, the classification
accuracy was found 100% for asthma and 87.5% for COPD. The confusion matrix method is used to
calculate the classification success.
Keywords: Machine Learning, Naïve Bayes, Classification, Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)
178
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECTS OF TEA TYPE, TEA CONCENTRATION AND INFUSION TIME ON THE ALUMINUM CONTENT IN TEA INFUSION
A. Ferit ATASOYa, A. Dilek ATASOYa, M.Irfan YESILNACARa, Ali YILDIRIMa
a DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENG., FACULTY OF ENG., HARRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to determine the effects of tea type, tea concentration and infusion time on
the Aluminum (Al) content in tea infusions. Ceylon and Turkish black tea, Ceylon and Turkish green
tea infusions were prepared by adding 100 mL of boiling distilled water to 1, 2 and 3 g of tea leaves.
The tea infusion was mixed using a glass rod, covered by watch glasses to extract the components of
tea leaves and allowed to brew for 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The infusion was filtered
through filter paper (Whatman 42, 125 mm) into test tube, cooled, acidified and analyzed
immediately for Al. The results showed that the manganese content in tea infusion were significantly
affected by tea type, tea concentration, infusion time, interactions of tea type x tea concentration,
tea type x infusion time, tea concentration x infusion time and tea type x tea concentration x
infusion time (P<0.001).
Keywords: Black tea, green tea, heavy metal, toxic elements
179
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SOME ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS IN TURKISH BLACK TEA AND BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON HEALTH
A. Dilek ATASOYa, M.Irfan YESILNACARa, A.Ferit ATASOYa
a DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENG., FACULTY OF ENG., HARRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Orderly consumption of tea may contribute to the daily intake of some elements. Some metals
found in tea (e.g., Fe, Mn, Zn) are components of important enzymes or participants in a number of
physiological processes so they are considered essential for the mechanism of the human body. In
order to determine the amount of health-necessary elements, nine Turkish leaf black teas from local
supermarkets in Sanliurfa, Turkey were analyzed for Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and Zn
concentrations in their infusions. Tea infusions were prepared by adding 100 mL of boiling distilled
water to 2.00 g of tea leaves. Contents of tea infusions were found as: K > Mg > Ca > Al > Mn > Na >
Zn > Fe > Cu. Such high concentrations of K might be explained by the specific incorporation of K
within a binding ligand of the tea leaves. It appears that Mg is also quite easily extracted as a
component of chlorophyll and Ca is strongly trapped inside plant cells, thus extraction efficiencies
for these elements are relatively lower. While tea plant has a strong potential to uptake and
accumulate several elements from soil, tea infusion may serve as dietary source of different
micronutrients for human. Some trace elements are essential for normal functioning of the human
organism and several have health promoting properties. Its beneficial effects on the reduction of
serum cholesterol, the prevention of low density lipoprotein oxidation, decreased risk of
cardiovascular disease and cancer has provided the black tea an important place among the herbal
beverages.
Keywords: Tea infusion, trace element, human intake, metal
180
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ARSENIC REMOVAL FROM WATER BY ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS
A. Dilek ATASOYa, Yakup BAGCIa, Benan YAZICI KARABULUTa
a DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENG., FACULTY OF ENG., HARRAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Arsenic contamination in drinking and ground water creates serious problems on the environment
or for human health in a worldwide. Long-term exposure to arsenic water causes many serious
illnesses. Arsenic can be found both naturally and anthropogenic in nature and has a carcinogenic
effect. In this study; a reactor was installed for arsenic (As) removal from water by using
electrocoagulation method. Treatment efficiency was investigated under changing current
conditions. For this purpose, parallel connected aluminum electrodes were used and the conditions
affecting the electrocoagulation process were investigated. Current intensity between 1A and 2A
and the voltage values between 5V and 15V were applied to determine the removal percentages.
Initial As concentration was appointed as 1 mg/L on the electrocoagulation process. The effects of
the current intensity, voltage values and the electrolysis time on the removal efficiency were
discussed. The most suitable current and voltage values were determined as 2A and 5V respectively.
At the end of 5 minutes, 98% of the As was removed from synthetic waste water.
Keywords: Electrocoagulation, water treatment, toxic element, heavy metal
181
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COATING WITH FRICTION SURFACING METHOD: A REVIEW
M. Erbil OZCANa, Latif OZLERa, Gul TOSUNa
a FIRAT UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Coating processes play an important role in determining the properties of the coating material.
Different coating methods are used to improve the surface properties of the materials, such as
hardness, corrosion and abrasion resistance, or to combine several of these properties. One of these
coating methods is the friction surfacing method. In this study, an overview of the friction surfacing
method and its differences with other methods, advantages and disadvantages are investigated.
The friction surfacing method, which is similar to the friction welding, is based on the accumulation
of the substrate material to its plastic deformation temperature as a result of its contact with the
surface coating drum rotating at a certain peripheral speed around its axis. During the coating, the
feed is given to the substrate in which the substrate material is bonded. With this advance, the layer
formed on the reverse side forms the desired coating on the substrate material. Furthermore, during
the process, a part called the flash is formed in the contact area of the coating shaft with the base
material [1]. Coating can be done on special designed coating machines as well as on CNC machining
centers or digitally controlled conventional machines.
Microstructure, hardness, SEM, EDX analysis of the coating will be done to investigate the
mechanical and chemical properties of the coating and the effect of the parameters will be
investigated. In this way, it is ensured that the coating to be used in any place with the friction
surfacing method is the best feature. Also, unlike other coatings, it can be applied to other medium
besides air as the most important feature that separates the friction surfacing from the other
coatings. Friction surfacing can be used in a medium where most welding and joining methods do
not work, for example underwater. As a result, the friction surfacing method used in joining different
metal-metal connections that cannot be welded has a very good and irreplaceable position to add
desired properties to the substrate material.
Keywords: Coating, friction surfacing, surface
This study is supported by The Scientific And Technological Research Council Of Turkey Project number
216M441
182
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FUZZY RULE-BASED SYSTEM FOR PERFORMANCE OF MICROBIAL FUEL CELL WITH 10x10 AND 11x11 CM2 MEMBRANE
Sakir TASDEMIRa, Mustafa Akram HAYDERa, Kevser DINCERa
a SELCUK UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are alternative energy sources. MFC’s are systems that can convert
chemical energy into electricity directly from biochemically commutable substances (organic
substances) by using microorganisms as a catalyst in an oxygen-free environment. A fuzzy process
consists of three parts. These units are respectively; Fuzzification Unit, rule processing unit, and
defuzzifier unit and output information. In the fuzzy sets relations sent to defuzzifier units, each
fuzzy information is converted into real number with scale change. In this study, performance of
MFC was experimentally investigated and modeled with Rule-Based Mamdani-Type Fuzzy (RBMTF)
modeling technique. Performance parameters are the differences active sludge (#AS) and sediment
sludge (#SS) at low and high the volumetric flow rates and at different temperature changes T= 8,
10, 12, 14 oC, at different 21 external resistences, the variation of voltage (V) according to current
density (A/m3), and variaton of power density (W/m3) to current density (A/m3). The best
performance was determined and benefiting from experimental data, modeled with RBMTF method.
Input parameters are; membrane area, variety of sludge, temperature, volumetric flow rate, voltage
and current density; output parameter power density were described by RBMTF if-then rules. With
the linguistic variables used, 81 rules were obtained for this system. The comparison between
experimental data and RBMTF is done by using statistical methods. The coefficient of multiple
determination (R2) for performance of microbial fuel cell with 10x10 and 11x11 cm2 membrane.
Performance tests of the system were not done for intermediate values which were estimated with
RMBTF. The actual values and RBMTF results indicated that RBMTF can be successfully used in MFC.
Keywords: Microbial fuel cell, fuzzy logic, performance
183
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
COMPARISON OF BARITE AND COLEMANITE LOADED
POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES IN TERMS OF SOUND TRANSMISSION LOSS
Mehmet SARIKANATa, Lütfiye ALTAYa, Melis OZKAYAb, Abdullah SECGINc Akın ISBILIRb
a EGE UNIVERSITY
bIZMIR EĞITIM SAĞLIK SANAYI YATIRIM A.Ş.
cDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Nowadays, in order to control the noise and enhance the sound attenuation, which is important for
structural design, researches have been carried out on new materials and arrangements. The aim of
this study to investigate sound insulation efficiency of barite and colemanite loaded PP composites
by determining sound transmission loss (STL). Barite and colemanite at weight fractions of 40 wt%
were compounded with PP by using a twin-screw extruder. STL values of barite and colemanite
loaded PP composites were measured from 100Hz to 1000 Hz. At low frequency region in this study
(100 and 125 Hz) and at high frequency region (600, 800 and 1000Hz), barite loaded PP composites
exhibited higher STL values. However medium frequency regions in this study (200 to 500 Hz),
colemanite loaded PP composites demonstrated the higher STL values than barite loaded PP
composite. Tensile and flexural properties of composites were also investigated. Tensile strength
values of barite and colemanite loaded PP composites were obtained to be 18 and 15 MPa,
respectively. Besides, barite loaded PP composites exhibited higher izod-notched impact strength
value than colemanite loaded PP composite. However, vicat softening temperature of colemanite
loaded PP composite is slightly larger than barite loaded PP composites. Thermal Expansion
coefficients of both composites were also measured by thermomechanical analysis.
Keywords: Composite materials, Sound Transmission Loss
This study is supported by by Izmir Eğitim Sağlık Sanayi Yatırım A.Ş. Research and Development Center, (Project
number: MG006).
184
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION AND MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS OF MWCNT REINFORCED POLIMETHYL METHACRYLATE (PMMA)
NANOFIBERS BY ELECTROSPINNING
Mursel EKREMa, Ünal ÖZTENa, Ömer Sinan ŞAHINa
a NECMETTIN ERBAKAN UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
In this study, the production optimization of weight ratio of 1% multi-walled carbon nanotubes
(MWCNT) reinforced / unreinforced Polimethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) nanofiber mats was carried
out by electrospinning. PMMA concentration of 10, 12.5 and 15% weight in Dimethylformamide
(DMF) solvent used in order to reach optimized electrospinning conditions. We produced high
quality bead-free nanofibers during electrospinning of PMMA fibers with MWCNT by manipulating
dispersion methods, composition rates and electrospinning conditions. PMMA solutions with higher
concentration ratio leading to higher viscosity and conductivity properties eliminates defects and
imperfections and results improved quality of the products. In addition, different feed rates of 0.25,
0.50 and 0.75 ml/hour with 10 kV applied voltage power were compared for given MWCNT
reinforced PMMA solutions electrospinning at specified concentration rate of solution were
analyzed. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were investigated to determine
the morphological properties of PMMA with MWCNT nanofibers and the average diameter of
nanofibers. Optimum production parameters for 15% wt. ratio and 0.5 ml/hr feed rate for
electrospinning of PMMA-MWCNT solution were determined after comparison of results of
alternative production options.
Keywords: Electrospun, Multi Wall Carbon Nanotubes, Polimethyl Methacrylate, Nanofibers
The presentation will be made by Ünal Özten.
185
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A NEW AUTOMATIC EPILEPSY SERIOUS DETECTION METHOD BY USING DEEP LEARNING BASED ON DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM
Ahmad Muzaffer KARIMa, Ömer KARALa,Fatih V.ÇELEBİa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
In this article, Deep Auto-Encoder and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) are combined for the
detection of epilepsy from EEG signals. In the first stage, DWT was applied to analyze the EEG signal
and 128 features were obtained by taking the A5 parameter. In the second stage, deep automatic
encoders are used to obtain high level and sensitive features from the A5. In addition, these features
are classified into two groups: normal and abnormal. Finally, the two auto-encoders and SoftMax are
stacked and trained by using backpropagation algorithm to improve the classification accuracy. The
proposed method gives satisfactory results when compared with the common methods presented in
this file.
Keywords: EEG, epilepsy, Deep auto encoder, discrete wavelet transform
186
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AUTOMATIC BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION IN MRI IMAGES USING CLUSTERING ALGORITHMS
Ömer KARALa, Fatih ALKANa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
With the advancement of technology in recent years, computer-aided systems have made an
important contribution to the diagnosis and analysis of diseases, especially in medicine. Computer
assisted detection systems aim at helping radiology specialists in diagnosing disease or tumor using
image processing techniques. The correct identification of the size and location of the brain tumor
plays a vital role in the diagnosis of the brain tumor. Several methods have been developed to detect
and remove the brain tumor from MRI images of the patient. However, clustering-based methods
are preferred due to their efficient, fast and accurate results. In this study, two different clustering
algorithms such as Fuzzy C means and K-means are presented. In addition, both algorithms were
compared in order to accurately detect the size and location of the tumor from MR images of
different patients. A user-friendly GUI has been created in MATLAB to help medical personnel reach
the above goal without entering the code.
Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), brain tumor, k-means clustering, Fuzzy C-means
clustering, MATLAB GUI (graphical user interface)
187
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DQM SOLUTION OF HIROTA-SATSUMA COUPLED KDV SYSTEM
Gülnihal MERALa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
Abstract:
A combination of differential quadrature method (DQM) and finite difference method (FDM) is used
to solve the Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries system, numerically. DQM is used to
discretize the space derivatives in the system, which ends up with a time-dependent system of
ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting ODEs then are solved by using an explicit-
implicit FDM. The proposed method is applied to solve a test problem, namely an initial value
problem defined by Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system. Though it is a domain discretization
method, DQM has the advantage of using small number of discretization points and this is made use
of throughout the simulations. The results show a good agreement in terms of absolute maximum
error.
Keywords: Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV system, DQM, FDM
188
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
ONTOLOGY BASED DATA ACCESS TO RELATIONAL DATABASE
SYSTEMS BY USING OPEN-SOURCE TOOLS
Mustafa YENİADa ,Motaz LUBBADb
a ANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
bANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
By increasing the connected devices around the world, collecting, sharing and transferring data over
internet has become increasingly important. Consequently, uniform access to data stored especially
in relational database management systems (RDMS) is a great problem for new generation of web
technologies (i.e. Semantic Web) and internet of things (IoT). In this study, data stored in a relational
database system were accessed over Ontology Based Data AccessModel through SPARQL queries
according to developed ontology.The success of the ODBA procedure was verified by cross-
comparison of the data between the relational database and data returned from developed model.
Response time for SQL queries and equivalent SPARQL queries (from a Java application) were also
compared.All of the tools and software have been used in this research are also entirely free and
based on open source technology.
Keywords: Ontology Based Data Access, Semantic Web, SPARQL, Internet of Things
189
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING PIPELINE FOR ONCOLOGY ON TRIMMOMATIC DATA
Ahmet Kürşat ESİMa,HilalKAYAa, NurayÇELEBİa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the design of life; by understanding the sequence of DNA,
scientists have been able to illuminate the structure and the functions of proteins and Ribonucleic
acid (RNA). They have acquired the interpretation of the underlying causes of diseases. Next-
generation sequencing (NGS) technologies – massively parallel sequencing, high-throughput
sequencing, deep sequencing – help sequence DNA and RNA much more quickly and cheaper than
the previously used technologies. NGS have revolutionized the study of genomics and molecular
biology with regard to its high throughput, scalability, and speed capabilities in terms of sequencing
multiple individuals and thousands to millions of DNA molecules at the same time.
Aim of this study is to use Targeted NGS approach with bioinformatics analysis pipeline to explore
the molecular diagnosis of Retinoblastoma, a retinal cancer that most commonly affects young
children. On Trimmomatic dataset, Picard merging BAM, BWA-MEM, Clip trim, SAM Tools, Picard,
Burrows-Wheeler Alignment and Variant Calling (Realign InDels, BAM Recalibration, VarScan,
VarScan Somatic Filter, BCFtools, MuTect, Somatic Sniper, VarDict) methods were used for
preprocessing and classification. 30 genome data was used for this study; 20 genome was used for
training; 10 genome was used for testing and 83.33% classification accuracy was achieved.
Keywords: Next Generation Sequencing, Burrows Wheeler Alignment, Burrows Wheeler Transform,
Trimmomatic, Variant Calling
190
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR INCREASING THE BANDWIDTH
Remzi YILDIRIMa, H. Haldun GOKTASa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
In this study, in the multi-ton input fiber optic communication systems currently unused, the
conditions of use of the frequency components IMD was investigated. For this reason, as the
mathematical model, Volterra power series is used. Laser diodes rate equation in the form of power
series was opened up to the third kernel. Four-tone input signal is applied and derived from it, and
24 intermodulation distortion (IMD) harmonic frequency components, are classified into 6 groups
and analyzed. While this analysis is performed, amplitude analysis of frequency components is made
according to the feedback constant (K), the optical feedback path length (t0) and the modulation
factor (m). According to these conditions, short optical feedback to suppress the harmonic
amplitude, long optical feedback to improve the harmonic amplitude, and the amplitude of each
frequency component of IMD should be increased to increase modulation factor. Using the unused
IMD frequency components, on symmetric and asymmetric communication system with a new
protocol has been proposed to increase the bandwidth.
Keywords: Laser diode, Volterra series, Intermodulation, Harmonic distortion, Non-linear distortion,
Electronics feedback, Chaos, Gain, Non-linear optoelectronic feedback
191
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
CW LAZER IŞINININ MERCEK İLE PAKETLENMESİ
Remzi YILDIRIMa, H. Haldun GOKTASa
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
Lazer ışın demetlerinin profillerinin kontrolü özellikle medikal uygulamalarda çok önemlidir. Lidar ve
benzeri sistemlerde ışın demetinin atmosferde yayılımı ışın profiline bağlıdır. Malzeme işleme
lazerlerinin ışın demeti kalınlığı ve şekli performansı etkileyen parametrelerin başında gelir. Işın
profilinin değiştirilmesi ile bir noktaya düşen birim ışın gücü artabilir, ışın profilinin değişimi ile
tarama ve görüntüleme sistemlerinin kalitesi güçlendirilebilir. Bu çalışma da yarıiletken lazer diyottan
elde edilmiş lazer ışının paketlemesi deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Lazer ışın paketlemesi için
geliştirilen bir mercek ile atmosfer şartlarında deney gerçekleştirilmiştir. Lazer ışınını paketlemek için
mercek dışında hiçbir yardımcı madde kullanılmamıştır. Gerçekleştirilen deneylerde istenilen aralıkta
ya da boyutlarda paketleme yapılabileceği deneysel olarak gösterilmiştir.
Keywords: Lazer, bükülme, paketleme, doğrusal olmayan, Mercek
192
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
NEW APPROACHES FOR DATA MONITORING, ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ROOFTOP BASED PV POWER PLANTS
Remzi YILDIRIMa,İlyas ÇANKAYAa , FahrettinGOKTASa, Abdullah YILDIZa, Bülent YEŞİLATAa
aANKARA YILDIRIMBEYAZIT UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND NATURAL SCIENCES,
ANKARA/TURKEY
Abstract:
In Turkey, regulation for permitting rooftop solar PV systems for electric generation in residential
buildings is underway. Such mini-scale PV power systems do not individually use an elaborated data
monitoring and management system. There will be critical need for data collection and management
throughout many local plant points by utility companies for asset and grid management.
This study therefore deals for future opportunities and challenges of rooftop PV power applications
in Turkey. In this context, the state of the art for data collection from discrete mini scale solar power
plants and their integrated data management structures are discussed. As a result of the study,
potential road map of local/regional utility companies in Turkey for applicable data management
structure and software architecture is suggested.
Keywords: Photovoltaic (PV), Power Plant, Rooftop, Data Monitoring, Asset Management
193
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
A SOLUTION TO THE LOCAL MINIMA PROBLEM OF THE CHAN-VESE ALGORITHM FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION
Hatice ÇATALOLUKa, Fatih V. ÇELEBİa,İlyas ÇANKAYAa,
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
The Chan-Vese Algorithm also known as active contour without edges is a region-based image
segmentation model and used commonly in the literature. Nevertheless, it has the problem of easily
getting stuck in local minima that causes the insufficient segmentation outcomes. The Chan-Vese
Algorithm is founded on curve evolvement and the level set method.
To tackle the getting stuck problem in the Chan-Vese Algorithm, a modified algorithm is suggested.
The modified algorithm employs the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) in order to fit the energy
term. It was approved upon both a few images from Weizmann dataset and appropriate medical
images vulnerable to local optima.
The obtained outcomes represent that the modified Chan-Vese has a preferable achievement than
the traditional Chan-Vese with 75% less number of iterations in order to converge to the contour.
Keywords: Chan-Vese algorithm, image segmentation, initial contour selection, gravitational search
algorithm.
194
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECT OF RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS ON IMAGING IN MILLIMETER WAVE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM BASED ON COMPRESSED
SENSING
Esra Şengün ERMEYDANa, Mustafa METEb,Ali DEGIRMENCIc,Asaf Behzat ŞAHINd,
İlyas ÇANKAYAe
aANKARA YILDIRIM BEYAZIT UNIVERSITY ANKARA, TURKEY
[email protected],[email protected],[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract:
Imaging in Millimeter Wave Band is very attractive since it can be used in a wide range of areas such
as in defense, security and airborne applications. However, there are no available high resolution
two-dimensional imaging detectors for this band and the cost of measurements are quite high.
Therefore, the single pixel imaging based on compressed sensing has been a very promising
technique especially for this frequency band. Compressed Sensing (CS) reduces the number of
measurements for reconstruction and so it helps to reduce acquisition time and energy. There are
two fundamental areas in CS to be considered [4], first one is measurement matrix design and the
second one is the reconstruction algorithm. Since there is no commercial spatial light modulators for
Millimeter Wave Band, random ON/OFF masks are printed on PCB such that each column/row shift
corresponds to a new mask. Otherwise, more than one PCB board due to pixel size and resolution
would be needed and the change of PCB board would be very disadvantageous especially for real
world Millimeter Wave scenarios. Reconstruction algorithms in CS are mainly partitioned into three
branches in the literature, especially for imaging applications. First branch of the algorithms is called
convex optimization-based algorithms while second branch is called greedy algorithms and the last
one consists iterative thresholding techniques. Greedy algorithms are easy to implement and fast
algorithms, however, they need more measurements to recover the signal/image and they generally
produce more errors than convex optimization-based methods [5]. Convex optimization-based
methods require higher computational cost and are generally complex algorithms to implement. On
the other hand, the signal/image recovery is more stable in the reconstruction phase of CS [6]. To
the best of our knowledge, there are no study showing the performances of the different kind of
reconstruction algorithms for Millimeter Wave Band imaging applications. In this study, convex
optimization-based methods L1-Magic and TVAL3 [8], greedy algorithm CoSaMP [5] and iterative
shrinkage type algorithm namely TwIST [9] are explored for synthetic and experimental data.
Structural Similarity Index is calculated for synthetic images. The performance of algorithms under
real data when noise, multi scattering, and diffraction are presented..
Keywords: Compressed Sensing, Millimeter-wave, total variation minimization, convex optimization,
greedy algorithms, iterative shrinkage
195
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
THE WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF PACK BORIDED SAE 1020 STEEL FOR DIFFERENT PROCESS TIMES
İlyas TÜRKMENa, Emre YALAMAÇa, Güven HASBAYa
a MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY / METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Boriding is a diffusion-based thermochemical surface treatment which is applied to enhance the
surface properties of metals. A borided surface has high hardness, low friction coefficient and as a
result good wear resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the properties and wear behavior
of boride layers formed at different boriding times by powder-pack boriding method. SAE 1020 steel
specimens were borided at 850oC for 2-16 h with a boriding mixture containing boric acid. The
boride layers were examined morphologically with an optical microscope and the average thickness
values of boride layers were calculated. XRD analysis was applied to identify the phases in the boride
layer. It was observed that all samples had single-phase boride layer (Fe2B) with saw-tooth
structure. The microhardness measurements were taken from the cross section of the samples.
Wear tests were performed by ball on disc type wear tester under the load of 10N at sliding speed of
15mm/s, at room temperature and dry sliding conditions. Coefficient of friction graph was drawn for
each sample and the wear rates were calculated. It was observed that according to the increase of
the boriding time, the wear rate decreased.
Keywords: diffusion coatings, boriding, wear, SAE 1020, boric acid
This work was financially supported by Scientific Research Project Office of Manisa Celal Bayar University
(Project No: 2016-148
196
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
BORIDING OF Ti6Al4V WITH AN ALTERNATIVE BORIDING POWDER MIXTURE BY POWDER-PACK METHOD
İlyas TÜRKMENa, B. Şölen AKDEMİRa, Kürşat KANBURa, Fatih SARGINa
a MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY / METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Ti6Al4V is a well-known non-ferrous metallic material with remarkable properties such as high
strength, high corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. In addition to these superior
properties, Ti6Al4V has poor wear resistance and low hardness. In order to improve surface
properties of Ti6Al4v, various surface treatments and coating methods had been performed. In this
study, Ti6Al4V samples were borided by powder-pack boriding method with an alternative powder
mixture at 1100 °C for 20 h. Alternative powder mixture which contains boric acid, was developed
according to literature. Chemical and microstructural analyzes were performed by XRD and SEM on
borided samples. Also hardness values of boride layers were determined by micro vickers hardness
test. Results showed that with the alternative powder mixture, a boride layer which has dual boride
phase was obtained. In addition to that, surface hardness of Ti6Al4V was increased after boriding
process.
Keywords: Ti6Al4V , boriding, boric acid
197
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
SYNTHESIS OF THE Ag AND Cu DOPED HYDROXYAPATITE
Fatih SARGINa, Ahmet TURKa, Kürşat KANBURa, B. Şölen AKDEMIRa, İlyas TÜRKMENa
a METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a well-known biocompatible and bioactive ceramic material which is widely
used as a bone implant material. Besides the advantages of hydroxyapatite implants, one of the
main problems is infection formation in implants after the implantation surgery. An emerging
solution for this problem is, producing ion doped hydroxyapatite powders by using metallic ions such
as Ag and Cu which shows antimicrobial properties at the implantation site and noncytotoxic
behavior at low concentrations. In this study, Ag and Cu doped hydroxyapatite powders were
produced by chemical precipitation method and sintered at 700°C in order to obtain a more
crystalline phase. Doped powders were then characterized by XRD, FTIR and EDX analyzes. Obtained
results showed that metal ions successfully doped into the hydroxyapatite structure without
affecting crystallinity of the powders.
Keywords: Hydroxyapatite,Ag, Cu,
This study supported by Manisa Celal Bayar University Scientific Committee Project 2016-037.
198
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
IN VITRO BIODEGREDATION OF ION SUBSTITUTED HYDROXYAPATITE POWDERS
Kürşat KANBURa, Fatih SARGINa, İlyas TÜRKMENa, B. Şölen AKDEMIRa, Ahmet TURKa
a METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a well-known ceramic biomaterial that has excellent bioactivity and similar
structure to inorganic phase of human bone. Dissolution behavior is among the most important
properties that affects HA ceramics’ bioactivity. In order to control or change the dissolution
behavior of HA biomaterials, one of the most effective method is ion substitution of HA. In this
study, Zn, F and Mg substituted HA powders were produced via chemical precipitation and in vitro
tests were performed to evaluate biodegradation behavior. XRD, FT-IR and EDX analyzes were
performed for chemical characterization and SEM analyzes were performed for morphological
analysis. Results showed that dissolution behavior of HA powders changed with ion substitution.
Keywords: Hydroxyapatite,Zn,Mg, F, Biodegredation
199
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PARAMETERS ON ADHESION DEGREE OF SPLATS IN FLAME AND PLASMA SPRAY COATINGS
Kürşat KANBURa, Garip ERDOĞANb, Ahmet TURKa
a METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,MANISA CELAL BAYAR UNIVERSITY
bMETALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, SAKARYA UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Ti6Al4V alloys that is used as spinal implant, are required to build a bond with surrounding tissues
after the implantation for better fixation. Hence Ti6Al4V alloys are coated with hydroxyapatite (HA)
that is bioactive material, by using thermal spray methods. However, failure of the coatings are
undesirable situation during or after the implantation operations. Therefore, the coatings should
have high adhesion strength. During thermal spray process coatings are obtained by the
accumulation of splats on the Ti6Al4V alloys, so thermal history of each splat effects deposition
efficiency and adhesion strength of the coatings. In this research, splats were produced on the
Ti6Al4V alloys with different parameters by using flame spray and plasma spray processes in order to
obtain better coating properties. During the production of splats, temperature of the particulates
were determined. Deposition efficiency and adhesive behaviors were examined with stereo
microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. According to the results,
deposition efficiency and adhesive degree are determined with increasing the particles
temperatures.
Keywords: Hydroxyapatite,Plasma Spray, Flame Spray
200
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
FOAM CONCRETE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
İsmail DEMİRa, Ayhan EROLb , M. Serhat BASPINARb, Erhan KAHRAMANa,
a AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY, CONSTRUCTION ENG. DEPARTMENT
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENG.
DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
Foam concrete is a lightweight building material that combining good mechanical strength with low
thermal conductivity and ease of workmanship. It is a low density hardened Portland cement paste
or mortar, containing a large number of small bubbles of air which gives it a fine cellular structure.
Foam concrete due to the unexpected advantages has become more popular in recent years
according to conventional concrete. Today's technology has great contributions to the improvement
and usage of light weight foamed concrete. Foamed concrete is a kind of aerated concrete which is
aerated by using foaming agent or chemically. It is consist of cement, fine sand, fly ash, stone dust
etc., water and a foam, or swelling agent which produces a strong, lightweight concrete containing
millions of evenly distributed, consistently sized air bubbles, or cells.
It is offers many benefits which mainly cost saving, fast completion and easy application compared
to other materials such as steel, timber and brick. Although foamed concrete is considered its low
compressive strength it has high thermal and sound insulation. Foamed concrete has low self-
weight, with minimal consumption of primary aggregate, controlled low strength and excellent
resistance to water and frost. In this study, coarse-grained mineral aggregates were used in addition
to fine-grained raw materials. Physical and mechanical properties of foam concrete specimens have
been investigated.
Keywords: Foam concrete, lightweight agregate, Foaming process, lightweight wall blocks,
mechanical properties
This study is supported by Scientific Activities Support Program of Afyon Kocatepe University
201
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
DEMOLITION WASTE USE ON CONCRETE PRODUCTION AND EFFECT ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
İsmail DEMİRa, M. Serhat BASPINARb, Erhan KAHRAMANa,
a AFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, ENGINEERING FACULTY, CONSTRUCTION ENG. DEPARTMENT
bAFYON KOCATEPE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY, METALLURGY AND MATERIALS ENG.
DEPARTMENT
Abstract:
The rapid growth of the world's population and, scientific and technological developments in the
industry require efficient and effective use of limited natural resources. The concept of sustainable
construction in the construction sector has become increasingly important in the world. Every year
in the World billions of tons of construction demolition waste in construction industry are emerge.
These wastes are disposed of in wild storage areas in some countries and in some countries they are
recycled by different applications.
Recycling of construction and demolition waste has become a popular research area in the whole
World because of its economic and environmental benefit. The importance of the issue was
highlighted in scientific research conducted on the protection of the natural environment.
Researchers have conducted studies demonstrating the scientific and technical details of the issue.
The use of recycled materials provides both protection of nature and economic use of natural
resources, and gives environmental protection consciousness to new generation. In many countries,
strict legal regulations have been introduced to the practices related to the recycling of construction
waste wastes today. In this study, the economic, technical and environmental reasons which
necessitated the construction waste recycling, in particular the sources, recycling and use of
concrete wastes were examined. In this study, some technical properties and applications of
recycling aggregates and to improve the concrete properties produced from recycling aggregates
have been investigated. Finally, the difficulties in assessing recycled concrete (GPL) wastes and
suggestions for their solution were presented.
Keywords: Demolition waste, Recycled aggregates, Recycled concrete, Physical and mechanical
properties.
This study is supported by Scientific Activities Support Program of Afyon Kocatepe University
202
3rd International Conference on Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
July 17-21 2018 Skopje Macedonia
INVESTIGATION OF PERVIOUS CONCRETE USAGE IN TURKISH CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
Hamdi TEKINa, Ismail Cengiz YILMAZb
a,b CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, ISTANBUL AREL UNIVERSITY
Abstract:
Concrete is one of the main materials used in construction sector. Due to high energy consumption
of concrete production, the role of new environment-friendly techniques that can also extend
service life of concrete have become more crucial. One of the factors that reduce service life od
concrete is undoubtedly rain water. The use of pervious concrete has become widespread in recent
years in order to minimize the hazards of rain water. Thanks to its pore structure, pervious concrete
allows rain water penetrate into underground. Thus, service life of concrete is extended and the
damage to the environment is decreased. Another important point is that the need for complicated
drainage systems is diminished and this leads to economic benefit. In this study, primarily studies on
pervious concrete were investigated. Then, interviews were carried out with various experts in
Turkey to gather information about advantages, disadvantages and cost information of pervious
concrete. In conclusion, although it has been observed that usage of pervious concrete provides
many benefits and its usage has been increased day by day, errors are frequently encountered in
pervious concrete production as a result of insufficient technical applications. As far as the flood
disasters are concerned in Turkey in recent years, it is predicted that the application of pervious
concrete will increase considerably in the future.
Keywords: Pervious Concrete, Service Life of Concrete, Environmental-Friendly Concrete
203