Unit 7: 3D Techniques 3 ESO Visual Arts

Teacher Simone

Index 1. Volume

2. Sculpture and Architecture

2.1 Relief sculpture

2.2 Free-standing sculpture

3. Techniques

4. Materials

1. Volume

Almost all of the objects around us have volume.

Volume is HEIGHT, WIDTH and DEPTH

2. Sculpture and Architecture

Are the two art forms that have volume.

SCULPTURE is the art form of representing figures or forms in three

dimensions.

ARCHITECTURE is the art form of designing and constructing buildings.

2.1 Relief Sculpture

Relief sculpture come from the Italian “relievare”, which means “to raise”

It is a type of sculpture in which the figures project from a supporting

background.

2.2. Free-standing sculpture

Free standing sculpture is a type of sculpture that stands on it’s own and can

be observed from all sides.

3. TECHNIQUES

The typical techniques for creating sculptures are:

Carving

Modelling

Casting

Welding

Assembling

Constructing

Carving

Carving consists in slowly removing small pieces of the material with a sharp tool called a chisel.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gyWeksAo8VM

Modelling Modelling is a using hands and other tools to give form to a moldable materials, like clay or

plasticine.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mkmFWXMeq6s

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dU0vdP043jQ

Casting Casting is a process which is used to make many

copies of the same figure.

First, it consists of making a figure through

modelling.

Then, a mold is made of the figure.

The mold is then filled with a liquid like bronze or

plaster to make a final figure.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3r5

gEZwurQM

Welding

Welding is when we put two pieces of metal together to make a structure.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RyLvVMg84xs

Assembling

Assembling is a technique similar to making a 3-dimensional collage. It consists in combining pre-

existing elements in order to create a new figure.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-JCJ6VEaKs

Constructing

Constructing is a technique of building with sculptural materials, like metal, wood, wire, etc.

4. MATERIALS STONES, like marble, is considered one of the premier sculpting materials.

MATERIALS

WOOD is another material that a sculptor can carve. It is softer than stone,

but it is less durable.

MATERIALS

IRON is a metal that offers great possibilities to sculptors, because it can be

cut, bent, welded, etc.

MATERIALS

BRONZE is a very maleable material that can be given form through various

processes.

The most common process is through using molds, which are filled with the

molten (melted) bronze.

MATERIALS

CLAY is a very moldable material. The clay is first molded when wet, and then

it is baked in a special oven, called a kiln.