3d visualization in the security control center€¦ · 3d visualization in the security control...

1 Professional Education for the Security IndustryProfessional Education for the Security Industry

3D visualization in the security control center

Peter Bussens – Ken HunterBarco


AIA Provider Statement

• Reed Construction Data is a Registered Provider wit h The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.

This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not inclu de content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval o r endorsement by the AIA of any material of construct ion or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

• Questions related to specific materials, methods, a nd services will be addressed at the conclusion of this present ation.


Course Description

Effective security monitoring and the response it generates is

dependent upon the quality of the imagery presented to the operator.

As technology has progressed from CRT monitors to digital to High

Definition, so too has the corresponding quality of images. Not

surprisingly, this has followed developments in the consumer

electronic technology market. Now, as display technology in the

general market has moved to 3-Dimensional, the enhancements in

viewing experience will translate to the security market. This course

will review and compare3-D technologies, and it will discuss how

those technologies translate to the control center of the future.

4 Professional Education for the Security Industry

At the end of this program, participants will be ab le to:

• Compare 3D rendering versus 3D stereoscopic visual ization

• Illustrate leading stereoscopic visualization tech nologies

• Explain how 3D is being used today and in what type of professional applications

• Describe how the security control room can benefit from 3D technologies

Learning Objectives Slide


• 3D visualization: how do we perceive depth?

• Overview of stereoscopic visualization technologies

• How is 3D being used today and in what type of prof essional applications?

• How can the security control room benefit from 3D technologies?

Agenda


• Depth perception is the visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions

• Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues- Monocular cues that require the input from just one eye- Binocular cues that require input from both eyes

• Creating the illusion of depth on a display requires representation of these depth cues

How do we perceive depth?

Monocular cues

3D rendering on a 2D display:

Converting 3D models into 2D images with 3D photorealistic effects

Binocular cues

Requires stereoscopic display:

Providing a different image to the left and the right eye


Monocular depth cues

Linear perspectiveLinear perspective

Parallel lines converge with increasing distance

As objects become more distant they appear

smaller

Aerial perspectiveAerial perspective

Due to the scattering of blue light in the

atmosphere, distant objects appear more blue

Relative sizeRelative size

Relative size cues provide information about the relative depth of two

objects

OcclusionOcclusion

Blocking the sight of objects by others provides

information about relative distance


Monocular depth cues

Lighting and shadingLighting and shading

Highlights and shadows provide information about

an object’s dimensions and depth

Texture gradientTexture gradient

Textures appear denser as they are farther away

Depth blurDepth blur

Defocus blur contributes to the depth perception, because of the limited

depth of focus of the eye

Motion parallaxMotion parallax

– When an observer moves, objects at different distances move at a

different relative velocity


Binocular depth cues

Providing additional information about- Size- Shape- Orientation

by presenting a slightly different image for each eye

� stereopsis

Is this spiral going up or down?

Essentially exploitation of parallax = apparent displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight


3D displays

• 3D-display = stereoscopic display = display providing binocular depth clues

• New? not really…

Underwood & Underwood 1908 View-Master 1939 3D cinema 1952Anaglyph, Rollmann 1853


Current 3D displays: classification3D displays3D displays

Eye-aided displaysEye-aided displays Auto-stereoscopic displays

Auto-stereoscopic displays

Time-multiplexedTime-multiplexed Spatial-multiplexed

Spatial-multiplexed

Active shutter glasses


Polarization switcher


Active InfitecActive Infitec

Passive InfitecPassive Infitec

PolarizationPolarization

Patterned retarders

Patterned retarders

Dual LC panelsDual LC panels

Dual projectorsDual projectors

VolumetricVolumetric MultiviewMultiview

Parallax barrierParallax barrier

Lenticular lens array


HolographicHolographic


Eye-aided displays

Using glasses

Eye-aided displaysEye-aided displays


Time-multiplexed

Time-sequential generation of the images for the left eye and

the right eye

L R L R

Time-multiplexedTime-multiplexed



• Images are projected at double speed• Active glasses

• Synchronizing device controls the viewer’s active glasses

• Lenses in front of left and right eye are alternately blocked

• Lenses with built-in LCD technology• Similar technology used in consumer 3D TV





• Projector successively generates images for the left and the right eye

• ZScreen changes the polarization of light every 1/120 th of a second

• Polarization for the left eye is perpendicular to polarization for the right eye

• Screen coated to retain polarization • Glasses with perpendicularly polarized lenses• Sony Real D




• Infitec color wheel, synchronized with L/R images• Left/right image displayed sequentially by 1

projector• Selection L/R through passive infitec glasses• Requires high refresh rates (120 Hz) and but no

stereo sync emitter• Screen-independent• Modifies image color spectrum

Active Infitec / Dolby 3D



Active Infitec / Dolby 3D

• Infitec color wheel, synchronized with L/R images• Left/right image displayed sequentially by 1

projector• Selection L/R through passive infitec glasses• Requires high refresh rates (120 Hz) and but no

stereo sync emitter• Screen-independent• Modifies image color spectrum



Spatial Multiplexed

Images for left eye and right are projected simultaneously

Spatial-multiplexed

Spatial-multiplexed


Passive Infitec

Passive InfitecPassive Infitec

• Images for left eye and right are projected simultaneously with Infitec color filters

• Selection L/R through passive Infitec glasses• Clear and absolutely flicker-free• Screen-independent• Modifies image color spectrum


Polarization

• Optical filters that passes light of a specific polarization and blocks waves of other polarizations

• Image for left eye and right eye are polarized perpendicularly

• Glasses with polarized lenses to isolate the left and right images

Linear polarization

PolarizationPolarization


Patterned retarders

Patterned retarders

Patterned retarders

• Interleaved signal with odd rows on the display used for right images and even rows used for left images, each with opposite circular polarization

• Passive polarized glasses needed to separate the images

• Only half of the vertical resolution

• Used in consumer 3D TV


Dual LC panels

• Dual direct view displays• Linear/circular polarizers• Semi transparent mirror • Passive polarized glasses

needed to separate the images

Planar SD2620W

Dual LC panelsDual LC panels


Dual projectors • One projector for each eye• Linear polarizer in front of each projector

• Polarization for the left eye perpendicular to polarization for the right eye

• Images are simultaneously projected• Passive polarized glasses needed to separate the

images

Dual projectorsDual projectors


Auto -stereoscopic displays

No glasses required!




Auto -stereoscopic displays

• Each volume element (voxel) emits visible light fro m the region in which it appears• No accommodation, vergence mismatch• Unrestricted look around, motion parallax• Translucent imagery

Perspecta spatial 3D display, Actuality Systems

VolumetricVolumetric


Multiview systems

• View = 3D image seen on an auto-stereoscopic display from a particular angle

• Dual-view = one view for each eye, one person from a fixed position

• Number of views must be increased so (multiple) viewers can see the 3D effects from different positions

MultiviewMultiview


Parallax barrier

• Dual-view• Parallel slits, typically 50 to 100 per inch, align ed

with the underlying LCD screen • Left eye sees odd numbered stripes from the left

images• Right eye sees even numbered stripes from the

right image• Light loss• Resolution loss Parallax barrierParallax barrier


Lenticular lens

• Multi-view: multiple viewers see 3D at the same time

• Supports motion parallax: “look around effect”• Heavy computation to create views from 2D

picture + depth map• Philips currently has proto with 28 views




Holographic displays

MultiviewMultiview

• Wavefront reconstruction• Real 3D, no vergence/accommodation mismatch• Parallax in horizontal and vertical direction

• Computation is challenge• When using laser sources, multi color is challenge

• SeaReel: sub-holograms to reduce computation timethrough eye tracking

HolographicHolographic

3d visualization in the security control center€¦ · 3d visualization in the security control...

Documents