ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I take this opportunity to express my gratitude towards those, whose guidance and co-operation has helped me immensely during the completion of this field report. This field report bears the imprint of many people who are directly or indirectly involved in successful completion of this endeavor.

With great esteem and reverence, we wish to express our deep sense of gratitude towards the employees of LOKMAT who gave me time from their busy schedule and provided me such a valuable knowledge.

Last but not least I am thankful to DR. J.N POL (Director Matrix Business School, Pune) and Mrs. Amrita Rath, for their support, trust and guidance.

NAME-VIVEK GUPTAMPM 1st SEMESTER

DECLARATION

I Vivek Kumar Gupta, student of master of personnel management hereby declare that all information, facts and figure in this report are based on my own finding and experience .I also hereby declare that all the facts, figures are up to utmost my own research.

This information has been used purely for academic purpose.

NAME-VIVEK GUPTA MPM 1st SEMESTER

Introduction

Productivity & Labour Productivity

Productivity is a measure of output from a production process, per unit of input. For example, labor productivity is typically measured as a ratio of output per labor-hour, an input. Productivity may be conceived of as a metric of the technical or engineering efficiency of production. As such, the emphasis is on quantitative metrics of input, and sometimes output. Productivity is distinct from metrics of allocative efficiency, which take into account both the monetary value (price) of what is produced and the cost of inputs used, and also distinct from metrics of profitability, which address the difference between the revenues obtained from output and the expense associated with consumption of inputs.

Labour productivity is the ratio of (the real value of) output to the input of labour. Where possible, hours worked, rather than the numbers of employees, is used as the measure of labour input. With an increase in part-time employment, hours worked provides the more accurate measure of labour input. Labour productivity should be interpreted very carefully if used as a measure of efficiency. In particular, it reflects more than just the efficiency or productivity of workers. Labour productivity is the ratio of output to labour input; and output is influenced by many factors that are outside of workers' influence, including the nature and amount of capital equipment that is available, the introduction of new technologies, and management practices.

Meaning of Labour’s Productivity:-

Labour productivity is generally speaking held to be the same as the "average product of labor" (average output per worker or per worker-hour, an output which could be measured in physical terms or in price terms). It is not the same as the marginal product of labor, which refers to the increase in output that result from a corresponding increase in labor input. The qualitative aspects of labor productivity such as creativity, innovation, teamwork, improved quality of work and the effects on other areas in a company are more difficult to measure.

Objective of Productivity

To bring technological change

Efficiency

Cost Saving

Improving process

Living standard

Methods for improving Productivity

Levels Of Productivity

Individual Unit Company Industry Country

Through operations and managementImprove technology and facilitiesIncrease trainingIncrease research and development SpendingIncrease employee participationAdopt automated and robotic systemsImprove reward systemsEnhance speedEnhance flexibility

Need For Studying Worker’s Productivity

1. For growth of the company.2. Make a balance between employee and workers.

3. To earn profits.4. Labour welfare5. Enhance productivity6. Personnel development

Elton Mayo’s Hawthorn experiments

Elton Mayo’s team conducted a number of experiments. These experiments are often referred to as the Hawthorne experiments or

Hawthorne studies as they took place at The Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company in Chicago.

Over the course of experiment, Mayo’s team altered the worker’s working conditions and then monitored how the working conditions affected the workers morale and productivity. The changes in working conditions included changes in working hours, rest brakes, lighting, humidity, and temperature. The changes were explained to the workers prior to implementation.

At the end of the experiment, the worker’s working conditions, reverted back to the conditions before the experiment began. Unexpectedly the workers morale and productivity rose to levels higher than before and during the experiments.

The combination of results during and after the experiment (i.e the increase in the workers’ productivity when they were returned to their original working conditions) led Mayo to conclude that workers were motivated by psychological conditions more than physical working condition. He also concluded that workers were motivated by more than self interest and instead the following applied:

There is an unwritten understanding between the worker and employer regarding what is expected from them; Mayo called this the psychological contract.

A worker’s motivation can be increased by showing an interest in them. Mayo classified studying the workers (through the experiments) as showing an interest in the workers.

Work is a group activity, team work can increase a worker’s motivation as it allows people to form strong working relationships and increases trust between the workers. Work groups are created formally by the employer but also occur informally. Both informal and formal groups should be used to increase productivity as informal groups influence the worker’s habits and attitudes.

Workers are motivated by the social aspect of work, as demonstrated by the female workers socializing during and outside work and the subsequent increase in motivation. 

Workers are motivated by recognition, security and a sense of belonging.

The communication between workers and management influences workers’ morale and productivity. Workers are motivated through a good working relationship with management.

Fredrick.W Taylor’s Time & Motion Study

Time and motion study analysis of the operations required to produce a manufactured article in a factory, with the aim of increasing efficiency. Each operation is studied minutely and analyzed in order to eliminate unnecessary motions and thus reduce production time and raise output, which increases productivity . The first effort at time study was made by F. W. Taylor in the 1880s. Early in the 20th cent., Frank and Lillian Gilbreth developed a more systematic and sophisticated method of time and motion study for industry, taking into account the limits of human physical and mental capacity and the importance of a good physical environment.

Title Justification

The topic “study of worker’s productivity” shows the productivity of workers during their work time. The topic suggest about the per unit wages of workers means it defines their idle hour and working hours. Time and motion study is one of the methods for study the productivity of workers in industry. This project helps workers as well as employer to increase productivity in their organizations. Hawthorne experiments also give methods to study productivity by its experiments. The study of worker’s productivity mainly depends upon the output which he provides to the organization by his efforts.

Objective of The Report

To know the area, that helps in enhancement of productivity. To familiar with the fundamentals of productivity. Understand the Time & Motion Study and Hawthorne

experiment. To understand the impact of worker’s productivity in Lokmat. To learn the ground reality of labour’s productivity in Lokmat.

Scope of The Report

1. Enhancement of productivity of Lokmat’s workers.2. Establishment of new ways to increase worker’s productivity.3. Profit & wealth maximization.4. Quality improvement process of workers.5. Performance Appraisal.

Company Profile

Lokmat Group, Maharashtra's leading Newspaper group and Network18's Global Broadcast News (GBN), India's leading News Network have launched 'IBN-Lokmat' - 24-hour Marathi news and current affairs channel. The legacy of these two renowned media powerhouses will give IBN-Lokmat a sense of immense credibility as well as access to a vast viewer base. Going on air from April 6, IBN-Lokmat will be a world-class news channel for the highly aware and conscious Maharashtrian. The channel is home to the finest new age multimedia journalists led by Nikhil Wagle as the Editor and Rajdeep Sardesai, Editor-in-Chief, IBN Network.

Through its content, programming, state-of-the-art broadcast centre, extensive infrastructure and international production quality, IBN-Lokmat will embark on the principle of delivering news with the spirit of 'Chala, Jag Jinkuya!' (Literally meaning, 'Let's conquer the World). As credible journalism empowers people it

gives them the inner confidence to take control of their surroundings and bring about change. IBN-Lokmat seeks to do just that and more. With reporters in every district of Maharashtra, and access to national and global networks, IBN Lokmat promises to become a bridge between Maharashtra and the wider world.

Commenting on the joint venture, Vijay Darda, Chairman, Lokmat Group said, "The joint-venture will blend together Lokmat's reach and understanding of the Marathi mind and GBN's world class standards to create a credible Marathi news channel. I am confident that this relationship will further expand and strengthen this endeavour that is IBN-Lokmat."

Sharing his views on the channel, Rajdeep Sardesai, Editor-in-Chief, IBN Network said, "IBN-Lokmat will be tailored on the lines of CNN-IBN and IBN7 and hence the spotlight will continue to stay rooted on the journalistic spirit of 'Whatever it takes'. With editorial integration between GBN and Lokmat, we hope to become the voice of Maharashtra and the channel's content will not only reflect the mood of the viewers, but will also successfully influence popular opinion".

"The channel will talk in contemporary Marathi, be inclusive in its approach, will not mince words when it comes to taking up an issue and shall be highly interactive and informative. Over a period of time, the channel will become the most dependable source of information in Marathi across Media. The channel will focus on Maharashtra and not only on Mumbai" Said, Nikhil Wagle, Editor, IBN-Lokmat.

The Lokmat History

The Beginning

Lokmat was conceptualized and started by Loknayak Bapuji Aney as a weapon to fight the British imperialism during the freedom movement of India. The name 'Lokmat' was given by the great freedom fighter and literary person “Bal Gangadhar Tilak” ("Freedom is my birth right and I shall have it") when the publication was first started as a handwritten newspaper from Yavatmal, then a little known town in Maharashtra.

Inspired by the great luminaries of the freedom movement, Late Shri Jawaharlal Darda took over this fortnightly published newspaper in 1953. The former Prime Minister of India, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru formally inaugurated Lokmat as a daily publication in 1958 at Yavatmal and on “December 15th 1971”, the first full fledge edition was started from Nagpur, the winter capital of one of India's largest and most affluent states - Maharashtra. From its humble beginning in 1971, the publication eventually emerged as the No.1 circulated and read daily of Maharashtra reaching every corner of the state and catering to the news and entertainment needs of millions of its readers every day.

The Journey

Under the dynamic leadership of Shri Jawaharlal Darda and his sons Vijay and Rajendra, Lokmat achieved a meteoric rise in the late 80s and the 90s by focusing on the needs of the readers. Highest standards in journalism, quality in every field of the business, cutting edge technology and a national network of some of the most talented journalist catapulted Lokmat to the forefront of Maharashtra's journalism.

Over the years several new editions were added including newspapers in Hindi and English languages. Lokmat today is the 4th largest read newspaper in the country (National Readership Survey 2006) having a readership of 10.85 million people every day.

LOKMAT DAILIES

Lokmat Lokmat Samachar

Lokmat Times

Important Facts

1. April 6, 2008 Lokmat & Network18 launch 'IBN-Lokmat' TV channel

2. August 3, 2007 G2 - The Global Gujarati wins Asian award.

3. June 14, 2007 Lokmat announces TV venture with TV18 Group.

Key People Of Lokmat

1. Loknayak Bapuji : Founder of Lokmat 2. Vijay Darda : Chairman of Lokmat Group3. Nikhil Wagle : Editor4. Rajdeep Sardesai : Editor in Chief

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge.

Research is a systematic search of pertinent information on a specific topic.

“Systemized effort to gain new knowledge”- Redman and Mory

“The manipulation of things, concepts or a symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend, correct or verify knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the practice of an art”

Slesinger&M.Stephenson

TYPE OF RESEARCHES :-The basic types of researches are as follows:-

1. Descriptive vs. Analytical

2. Applied vs. Fundamental

3. Quantitative vs. Qualitative

4. Conceptual vs. Empirical

From the above different type of researches, this project work can be described as Quantitative vs. Qualitative.

DATA COLLECTION

The success of any research project depends critically on data. So data as the important aspects of research there mainly are two type of data which are used for any research project.

Primary data

Secondary data

PRIMARY DATA :- Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the time, and thus happen to be original in character. In case of this project work primary data was collected through interview and structured Questionnaire asked to the individuals in different age segment.

I use questionnaire for collection of my primary data. I distribute some questionnaire to the workers of Lokmat and they give their view on productivity in their company. I make some questions related to the productivity. I have also conducted some telephone interview and live talk with the manager of Lokmat.

Secondary Data :- Secondary data are statistics not gathered for the immediate study at hand but which have already been collected by someone else and which have

already been passed through the statistical process. In case of this project work the secondary data has secondary importance and the same is collected from sources like.

1. Internet

2. Books

3. Brochures

For taking secondary data I take the help of company’s brochure, pamplets and website. I also use some books for taking some theoretical aspects related to productivity.

Sample Size

Number of the sample units selected from the population is called the size of the sample. Sample of 50 respondents were obtained from the population.

Data Analysis Interpretation

1. Is there any training programme to promote productivity?Yes No27 23

Yes No

Is there any training programme to promote productivity?

21232527

Series1

Interpretation:- Out of 50 respondents 27 people said that there is training programme to promote productivity and rest 23 people said that there is no programme to promote productivity in this company.

2. Do you satisfied with your own performance?Yes No38 12

Yes No Do you satisfied with your own performance?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Series1

Interpretation:- When I ask question to workers of Lokmat that they are satisfied with their performance, then 38 people said that they were satisfied with their own performance and 12 people said that they were not satisfied with their own performance.

3. Does the award system which is practiced by Lokmat is beneficial for the worker’s productivity?

Yes No23 27

Yes

No

Does the award system which is practiced by Lokmat is beneficial for the worker’s productivity?

21

23

25

27

Series1

Interpretation:- out of 50 peoples 27 people said that there is no award system for better productivity and 23 people said that there is award system for better productivity.

4. Is there any non-productive person in this company?Yes No15 35

30%

70%

1. Is there any non-productive person in this company? Yes1. Is there any non-productive person in this company? No

Interpretation:- Out of 50 people 15 people said that there are some non-productive persons in this company and 35 people said that there are no non-productive persons in this company.

5. Do you satisfied with the task (job post) which has assigned to you?

Yes No42 8

Yes No Do you satisfied with the task (job post) which has assigned to you?

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Series1

Interpretation:- Out of 50 people 42 were satisfied with given post and 8 people were not satisfied with the given post.

Findings

1. I find the working environment of the company is good for the employees.

2. Employees are satisfied with their work in Lokmat.3. Some workers are less productive in Lokmat.4. When I entered In Lokmat I find that most of the workers are

involved in printing of newspapers.5. Workers are highly motivated and giving their valuable inputs.

6. The working hours are favorable for the workers of Lokmat.

Suggestions

1.Company should make amendments in their training programme.

2.The programme whatever running by Lokmat should be favorable to the entire employee.

3.Make company more worker friendly.

4.Some people are not high productive because of not getting proper wages so, Lokmat should treat every worker equally.

Annexure

1. Name of the employee…………

2. Job title of the employee?(i)Trainee (ii) Worker(iii) Production Head (iv) Others

3. Department of an employee?(i) Marketing (ii) Sales(iii) Operations (iv) Other dept.

4. What are your working hours?(i) 9:00AM - 4:00PM (ii)4:00AM - 10:00 PM

5. What is your salary?(i)Below 10,000 (ii) 10,000 -19,000(iii)20,000 – 29,000 (iv)Above 30,000

6. What are your lunch hours?(i) 12:00PM–12:30PM (ii )12:30PM–1:00PM(iii) 1:00PM-1:30PM (iv) 1:30PM – 2:00PM

7. Is there any training programme to promote productivity?(i) Yes (ii) No

8. Do you satisfied with your own work?(i)Yes (ii) No

9. How many years are you working in this company?(i) Fresher (ii) 1-2 years(iii )3-4 years (iv) More than 4 years

10. Does the award system which is practiced by Lokmat is beneficial for the worker’s productivity?

(i)Yes (ii) No

10.Is there any non-productive person in this company?(i)Yes (ii) No

12. Do you satisfied with the task (job post) which has assigned to you?

(i) Yes (ii) No

Conclusion

At the end of this project I came to result that study of worker’s productivity plays an important role in every company. It is the output of the labour’s working hour during his work time. We have also familiar with the concept of Time and Motion & Hawthorne Experiments by great management thinkers. We have also covers objective, need of productivity and different methods

to improve productivity. Through questionnaire we get the views of workers in Lokmat. We have also seen some areas which needs some improvements and some areas which do not need any change/amendments.

Bibliography

Internet

www.google.comwww.lokmat.com

Books

1. Organizational Behaviour – L.M Prasad2. Human Resource Management - Ashwathappa & L. M Prasad