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GAURAV KUMAR YADAV

B.TECH(EI-3rd YEAR)

R.N.-0821632012

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RFIDRFID--What it is?What it is?RFIDRFID--What it is?What it is?

Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an automaticidentification method, relying on storing and remotelyretrieving data using devices called RFID tags or

transponders. RFID (radio frequency identification) is a technology that

incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostaticcoupling in the radio frequency (RF) portion of theelectromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object,animal, or person.

An alternative to bar code.

RFID is also called dedicated short range communication(DSRC).

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Invented in 1948 by Harry Stockman.

Initial application was during World War II-The UnitedKingdom used RFID devices to distinguish returningEnglish airplanes from inbound German ones. RADARwas only able to signal the presence of a plane, notthe kind of plane it was..

Came into commercial use only in 1990s.

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Components ofComponents of RFIDRFID

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Components of RFID(contd)Components of RFID(contd)

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Active RFID TagsActive RFID Tags

Battery Powered tags

Have much greater range 100m

Hold much more information Kbytes

Can integrate sensing technology

Temperature, GPS

Can signal at defined time

Multiple tags can be recorded at once

Used for higher value items

Shipping containers Babies

Electronic assets

Cost between $20 and $40 per item

Life between 2 4 years

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Components of RFID(contd)Components of RFID(contd)Active RFID Passive RFID

Tag Power Source Internal to tag Energy transferred usingRF from reader

Tag Battery Yes No

Availability of power Continuous Only in field of reader

Required signal strengthto Tag

Very Low Very High

Range Up to 100m Up to 3-5m, usually less

Multi-tag reading 1000s of tags recognized up to 100mph

Few hundred within 3m ofreader

Data Storage Up to 128Kb or read/writewith sophisticated searchand access

128 bytes of read/write

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Components of RFID(contd)Components of RFID(contd)

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Electronic product codeElectronic product code--EPCEPC

Each tag contains a unique code that facilitating theidentification process & is known as EPC.

E.g. 613.23000.123456.123456789 (96 bits)

Header defines version of EPC(8 bits)

EPC Manager describes originator of EPC (Productmanufacturer) (28 bits)

Object Class - Could describe the product type (24 Bits)

Serial Number Unique ID for that product item (36 Bits)

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Issues / ConcernsIssues / Concerns

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Uses of RFIDUses of RFID Used where unique identification is needed. Large Retail companies Product Tracking. Hospitals & Nursing Homes Patient Tagging . Airports Baggage Tracking. Security Applications Contactless Smart Cards. RFID Readers could also WRITE onto Tags. RFID Sensors to sense temperature, movement, radiation, food

quality. Passports-UK, Australia, Finland, Ireland. RFID is used in Libraries.

Replacing Barcodes.

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Initiatives in RFIDInitiatives in RFID Patni Computer Systems Lab Implemented Animal Tracking System

Wipro Technologies - Member of the Electronic Product Code (EPC)

- Setting up a lab to study RFID

- Working on pilot projects

Infosys Technologies RFID consulting on logistics player in the RFIDspace.

TCS have tied up with Hyderabad university to produce RFID taggedmark sheets & degrees to deter use of fake degree.

Intellicon - pilot project for BEL Bangalore, tags installed on employeebuses. Buses inside the BEL campus were tracked with the aim ofgauging employee punctuality.

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