• Numbers & Symbols •9 and the letter P, 293–294

• A •a, 111–112a syllable, 195A to Z Mysteries, Ron Roy, 236, 320Abbott, Tony, Secrets of Droon, 237, 320ability to read, gauging, 282able word ending, 184–185accents, 207activities

air sound, 210–211ar words, 204–206, 209–210at (first word), 87at words, 90–92, 95beginnings, 225blends, 58–61, 66–67Bossy e, 146–147categorizing one-, two-, and three-

syllable words, 193ch sound, 70, 74–77clapping out syllables, 189cloze it, 225–226compound words, 123crossing off the bad endings, 121–122crossing off the nonsense word, 122draw it, 113endings, 225er words, 209–210fill-in-the-blank, 124highlighting words, 216–217ir words, 209–210letter recognition, 77–78matching vowel sounds to letters, 117“Missing” posters, 226

or words, 209–210ph sound, 74read it, 114read it, find it, write it routine, 95rhyming pairs, 123same sounding words, 152–153school report card, 226sequencing, 224sh sound, 71–72, 74–77sight words, 131silent letters, 216–218, 220soft sounds, 171–172th sound, 73–76two-vowel sounds, 150, 152–153ur words, 209–210vowel sounds, 144“Wanted” posters, 226writing letters from book characters, 227y sound, 163yes-or-no it, 114

Adler, David A., Cam Jansen, 236advanced readers

The American Girl’s Collection, (PleasantCompany Publications), 237

Animorphs (Apple), 237Chronicles of Narnia (HarperCollins), 237Deltora Quest (Apple), 237Goosebumps (HarperCollins), 237Guinness Book of Records, 239Hardy Boys (Price Stern and Sloane

Publishing), 237Harry Potter (Scholastic), 237Little House on the Prairie stories

(HarperCollins), 237The Littles (Scholastic), 237Nancy Drew Mystery Stories (Price Stern

and Sloane Publishing), 237Ripley’s Believe it Or Not, 239

Index

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COPYRIG

HTED M

ATERIAL

338 Teaching Kids to Read For Dummies

advanced readers (continued)A Series of Unfortunate Events,

(HarperCollins), 237Sports books (Little, Brown and

Company), 237The Adventures of Tin Tin comic

books, 240age to start reading, 14, 22–23age-appropriate books, 238air sound, 210–211all word family, 297–298alliteration, 24, 38alphabet, 15–16alternated reading, 265Amelia Bedelia, Peggy Parish,

(HarperCollins), 236, 320The American Girl’s Collection, (Pleasant

Company Publications), 237American Library Association Web site,

238, 321Animorphs, Katherine A. Applegate, 237Apple

Animorphs, 237Deltora Quest, 237

Appleseeds magazine, 240ar word family, 203–206are word family, 210–211Arthur

book series, 236, 320Web site, 238

Ask magazine, 240at words

at, 86–87challenging at words, 95–96chunking, 96easy at words, 90exercises, 90–92, 95intermediate at words, 91–92read it, find it, write it routine, 95

ausyllable, 199word family, 302–303

auditory discrimination, 59

awsyllable, 199word family, 302–303

ay word family, 158

• B •b

b and d reversals, 292silent, 214–215, 219

babysitters, 265The Bailey School Kids, Debbie Dadey

(Scholastic), 236, 320Barbie dolls, 280barrier games, 205–206base words, 178beginners’ books. See books for

beginning readersBeginning to Read Phonics: Fishing for

Silent “e” Words flashcards,Judy/Instructo, 318

Beginning to Read Phonics: Word FamilyFun, Long Vowels flashcards, Judy/Instructo, 318

beginnings activity, 225behaviors of struggling readers, 288–291The Berenstain Bears, books, Stan and

Jan Berenstain, 246Berryman, Faye, Fitzroy Readers, 235big books, 140Bingo game, 318bl blend, 57blending letters, 16blends

bl, 57br, 57cl, 57cr, 57ct, 66defined, 16, 55–56dr, 57dw, 57exercises, 58–61, 66–67

37 540432 Index.qxd 4/1/04 4:04 PM Page 338

fl, 57fr, 57games, 62–63gl, 57gr, 57hearing, 58–59lk, 66mp, 66nasal, 66nd, 66ng, 66nk, 66nt, 66pl, 57pr, 57sc, 57scr, 57scrapbooks, 65sk, 57, 66sl, 57sm, 57sn, 57sp, 57spl, 57spr, 57squ, 57–58st, 57, 66str, 57sw, 57tr, 57tw, 57word beginnings, 56–57word endings, 65–66workbooks, 63–65

blocks, 317Blue Sky Press, Captain Underpants, 46,

236, 320Blyton, Enid, Stories (including

Noddy), 237board games, 62, 318Bob Books, Bobby Lynn Maslen

(Scholastic), 235, 319

book logs, 224book word family, 154–155books for adult readers, 272books for advanced readers

The American Girl’s Collection, (PleasantCompany Publications), 237

Animorphs (Apple), 237Chronicles of Narnia (HarperCollins), 237Deltora Quest (Apple), 237Goosebumps (HarperCollins), 237Guinness Book of Records, 239Hardy Boys (Price Stern and Sloane

Publishing), 237Harry Potter (Scholastic), 237Little House on the Prairie stories

(HarperCollins), 237The Littles (Scholastic), 237Nancy Drew Mystery Stories (Price Stern

and Sloane Publishing), 237Ripley’s Believe it Or Not, 239A Series of Unfortunate Events,

(HarperCollins), 237Sports books (Little, Brown and

Company), 237books for beginning readers

The Berenstain Bears (RandomHouse), 246

Bob Books (Scholastic), 235, 319Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You

See? (Henry Holt and Company), 246Clifford (The Big Red Dog) (Cartwheel

Books), 320Dr. Seuss (Random House), 235, 304, 320Fitzroy Readers, 235Key Words to Reading (Penguin Books,

Ltd.), 235phonetically controlled, 235–236, 319Phonics 1: Alphabets, 16Primary Phonics (Educators Publishing

Service, Inc.), 235Read With Ladybird (Penguin Books,

Ltd.), 235

339Index

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books for beginning readers (continued)Reading Rainbow Readers (SeaStar

Books), 236Real Kids Readers (Millbrook Press),

232, 235sight words, 138–139The Stinky Cheese Man, 205The Very Hungry Caterpillar, 140Walter the Farting Dog, 206Water — All Aboard Science Reader

(Station Stop 1) (Grosset andDunlap), 236

Where’s Waldo?, 239books (general)

age-appropriate, 238big books, 140book-to-child fit, 279comic books, 239cookbooks, 274finding the right reading books, 232–235gender-specific, 238–239homemade books, 252How to Make Pop-ups!, 29interactive books, 238making, 226one-hand rule for choosing books,

233–234popular book series, 319–320pop-up books, 140tabs, 140

books for intermediate readersA to Z Mysteries (Random House),

236, 320Amelia Bedelia (HarperCollins), 236, 320Arthur (Little, Brown and Company),

236, 320The Bailey School Kids (Scholastic),

236, 320Cam Jansen (Puffin), 236Captain Underpants (Blue Sky Press),

46, 236, 320Encyclopedia Brown (Skylark), 237

Junie B. Jones (Random House), 237, 320Magic School Bus (Scholastic), 237Magic Tree House (Random House),

237, 320More Clue Mysteries (Running Press), 237Nate the Great (Yearling Books), 237, 320Secrets of Droon (Scholastic), 237, 320Stories (including Noddy) (Dean and

Son, Ltd.), 237book-to-child fit, 279Bossy e phonics rule, 141–144, 305–306Bossy e words, 145–147boys

suggested reading, 238why boys read less, 276

br blend, 57bread word family, 154–155breaking words into syllables, 190–193Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You

See?, Bill Martin, Jr. (Henry Holt andCompany), 246

Brown, Marc, Arthur, 236, 320building confidence, 223building words, 16, 89buying flashcards, 91, 155

• C •c

Bossy e words, 145silent, 219soft, 169–172syllables, 195–196

Cam Jansen, David A. Adler (Puffin), 236Cameron, Vicki, More Clue Mysteries, 237capital letters, 53–54Captain Underpants, Dav Pilkey (Blue Sky

Press), 46, 236, 320car games, 279card games, 92–94Carle, Eric, The Very Hungry

Caterpillar, 140

340 Teaching Kids to Read For Dummies

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Cartwheel Books’ Clifford (The Big RedDog), 320

cassette player, 316CD-ROMs

Encarta Encyclopedia (Microsoft), 27I Spy (Scholastic), 27interactive books, 238JumpStart (Knowledge Adventure), 26Living Books series, 26Magic School Bus (Microsoft), 26My First Amazing World Explorer (DK

Multimedia), 27New Kid on the Block (Greenwillow), 238Reader Rabbit (The Learning

Company), 26, 319Sheila Rae, the Brave

(HarperTrophy), 238Up to the Himalayas (Victory

Multimedia), 27The Way Things Work (Dorling

Kindersley), 27Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?

(The Learning Company), 27ch sound, 70, 74–77charades, 61charting progress, 138Children’s Magic Window magazine, 240child’s name as first word, 28choral reading, 264Christopher, Matt, Sports books, 237Chronicles of Narnia, C.S. Lewis, 237chunk-by-chunk reading style, 316chunking words

at words, 96short a words, 97–101syllables, 188

Chutes and Ladders board game, 318ck and syllables, 195–196cl blend, 57clapping out syllables, 189Clifford (The Big Red Dog) (Cartwheel

Books), 320

cloud word family, 154–155cloze it exercises, 225–226color filters, 234color poems, 251–252comic books, 239commercial flashcards, 91commercial phonics programs, 40compound words, 123computers, 26confidence, 223constants, 48–49contextual cues

defined, 11reading aloud, 262two-vowel sounds, 153–154

conversations with your child, 314cookbooks, 274correcting reading mistakes

contextual cues, 262sounding out, 260–261suggested approaches, 267when to give answers, 261words within words, 261–262

cr blend, 57Cricket magazine, 240crossing off the bad endings exercise,

121–122crossing off the nonsense word

exercise, 122ct blend, 66cupboard, 30

• D •d

d and b reversals, 292–293silent, 219

Dadey, Debbie, The Bailey School Kids,236, 320

Dean and Son, Ltd.’s Stories (includingNoddy), 237

decoding words, 12, 144

341Index

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Deltora Quest, Emily Rodda (Apple), 237Dig magazine, 240digraphs, 76diphthong, 197direct instruction, 40disabilities, 283Dixon, Franklin, Hardy Boys, 237DK Multimedia’s My First Amazing World

Explorer CD-ROM, 27Dolch lists of sight words, 129Dorling Kindersley’s The Way Things

Work CD-ROM, 27dr blend, 57Dr. Seuss books (Random House), 235,

304, 320draw it exercise, 113drop the e when adding ing phonics rule,

308–309dropping e on -y words, 160–161dw blend, 57dyslexia, 283

• E •e

Bossy e phonics rule, 141–144, 305–306Bossy e words, 145–147i before e, except after c phonics

rule, 309long e sound, 143short e sound, 104–106short e words, 106–108, 112–113silent, 133, 219word ending, 175

early reading books. See books forbeginning readers

Easy Blends and Digraphs flashcards(Frank Schaffer), 318

Easy Sight Words flashcards (FrankSchaffer), 318

Easy Vowels flashcards (FrankSchaffer), 318

ed ending can sound like t phonicsrule, 310

ed sound, 179–180ed word ending, 174–179Educators Publishing Service Inc.’s

Primary Phonics, 235e-mail, 275emergent literacy, 247Encarta Encyclopedia CD-ROM

(Microsoft), 27encoding, 12Encyclopedia Brown, Donald J. Sobol

(Skylark), 237endings activity, 225English as a Second Language (ESL), 321er, ir, and ur all say er phonics rule, 311er word ending, 174, 182–183er word family, 208, 301–302, 311es word ending, 174–175ESL (English as a Second Language), 321essortment.com Web site, 321est word ending, 174, 182–183evaluation, 222ew syllable, 199, 201excitement of reading, 13–14exercises

air sound, 210–211ar words, 204–206, 209–210at (first word), 87at words, 90–92, 95beginnings, 225blends, 58–61, 66–67Bossy e, 146–147categorizing one-, two-, and three-

syllable words, 193ch sound, 70, 74–77clapping out syllables, 189cloze it, 225–226compound words, 123crossing off the bad endings, 121–122crossing off the nonsense word, 122draw it, 113

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endings, 225er words, 209–210fill-in-the-blank, 124highlighting words, 216–217ir words, 209–210letter recognition, 77–78matching vowel sounds to letters, 117“Missing” posters, 226or words, 209–210ph sound, 74read it, 114read it, find it, write it routine, 95rhyming pairs, 123same sounding words, 152–153school report card, 226sequencing, 224sh sound, 71–72, 74–77sight words, 131silent letters, 216–218, 220soft sounds, 171–172th sound, 73–76two-vowel sounds, 150, 152–153ur words, 209–210vowel sounds, 144“Wanted” posters, 226writing letters from book characters, 227y sound, 163yes-or-no it, 114

• F •f (silent), 219family reading time, 270fashion magazines, 275fill-in-the-blank exercise, 124finding

books for all reading stages, 232–235little words within big words, 133tutors, 286

fine motor skills, 244, 313–314fitting books to your child, 279Fitzroy Readers, Faye Berryman, 235

fl blend, 57flashcards

Beginning to Read Phonics: Fishing forSilent “e” Words, 318

Beginning to Read Phonics: Word FamilyFun, Long Vowels, 318

buying, 91, 155card games, 92–94commercial, 91Easy Blends and Digraphs, 318Easy Sight Words, 318Easy Vowels, 318making, 90sight words, 137Sight Words, 318using, 137, 318

fr blend, 57Frank Schaffer flashcards

Easy Blends and Digraphs, 318Easy Sight Words, 318Easy Vowels, 318Sight Words, 318

ful word ending, 184

• G •g

silent, 214, 219soft, 167–169, 171–172

gamesbarrier games, 205–206board games, 62–63, 318car games, 279card games, 92–94charades, 61listening games, 254–255same-or-different game, 60sight words, 134–137sound games, 14–15, 24–25Words Envelope, 134–137

gauging reading ability, 282–283gender-specific books, 238–239

343Index

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gh (silent), 214–215girls, suggested reading, 239gl blend, 57gloop recipe, 244Goosebumps

book series, 237Web site, 238

gr blend, 57grammar, 12Greenwillow’s New Kid on the Block

CD-ROM, 238gross motor skills, 244, 313–314Grosset and Dunlap’s Water — All Aboard

Science Reader (Station Stop 1),Emily Neye, 236

guessing at words, 223guided reading, 242, 278, 288Guinness Book of Records, 239

• H •h (silent), 219Hardy Boys, Franklin Dixon (Price Stern

and Sloane Publishing), 237HarperCollins

Amelia Bedelia, 236, 320Chronicles of Narnia, 237Goosebumps, 237Little House on the Prairie stories, 237A Series of Unfortunate Events, 237

HarperTrophy’s Sheila Rae, the BraveCD-ROM, 238

Harry Potter, J.K. Rowling, 237hearing blends, 58–59hearing problems, 22Henry Holt and Company’s Brown Bear,

Brown Bear, What Do You See?, 246highlighting words, 216–217homemade books, 48, 252homework

homework programs at schools, 285modifying to help your child, 294motivational techniques, 270

Hop on Pop, Dr. Seuss, 304How to Make Pop-ups!, Joan Irvine, 29

• I •i

i before e, except after c phonicsrule, 309

short i sound, 104–106short i words, 106–109, 112–113silent, 219

I Spy CD-ROM (Scholastic), 27ible word ending, 184–185identifying reading problems, 281–282ight word family, 298, 311ily word ending, 174, 181–182incomplete reading, 265indicators of hearing problems, 22indicators of vision problems, 22ing word ending, 174, 180–181ing words, 309interactive books, 238intermediate readers

A to Z Mysteries (Random House),236, 320

Amelia Bedelia (HarperCollins), 236, 320Arthur (Little, Brown and Company),

236, 320The Bailey School Kids (Scholastic),

236, 320Cam Jansen (Puffin), 236Captain Underpants (Blue Sky Press),

46, 236, 320Encyclopedia Brown (Skylark), 237Junie B. Jones (Random House), 237, 320Magic School Bus (Scholastic), 237Magic Tree House (Random House),

237, 320More Clue Mysteries (Running Press), 237Nate the Great (Yearling Books), 237, 320Secrets of Droon (Scholastic), 237, 320Stories (including Noddy) (Dean and

Son, Ltd.), 237

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Internet, 275–276ir word family, 208, 301–302, 311Irvine, Joan, How to Make Pop-ups!, 29

• J •Judy/Instructo flashcards

Beginning to Read Phonics: Fishing forSilent “e” Words, 318

Beginning to Read Phonics: Word FamilyFun, Long Vowels, 318

JumpStart CD-ROM (KnowledgeAdventure), 26

Junie B. Jones, Barbara Parker, 237, 320

• K •k (silent), 214–215, 217, 219Keene, Carolyn, Nancy Drew Mystery

Stories, 237Ken’s Yummy Chocolate Cake recipe,

274–275key words, 224Key Words to Reading (Penguin Books,

Ltd.), 235kinderkorner.com Web site, 320knock, knock jokes, 217Knowledge Adventure’s JumpStart

CD-ROM, 26Kotzwinkle, William, Walter the Farting

Dog, 206Kumon learning center, 286

• L •l (silent), 214–215, 219Ladybug magazine, 240language enrichment, 316language programs, 39Layton, Neal, Phonics 1: Alphabets, 16learning

chunk-by-chunk reading style, 316conversations, 314

learning styles, 25letter blocks, 315listening skills, 314phonemic awareness, 315physical movement, 313–314puzzles, 315sight vocabulary, 316taking breaks from, 321–322TV, 315writing, 248

learning centers, 286The Learning Company

Reader Rabbit CD-ROM, 319Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?

CD-ROM, 27learning disabilities, 283letter blocks, 315letter cards, 317Letter Land phonics program, 51letter names, 53letter recognition exercises, 77–78letters

alphabet, 15–16blending, 16blends, 16, 55–67capital letters, 53–54constants, 48–49letter sounds, 31–35, 41–42lowercase letters, 53silent letters, 17, 214–220sound-to-letter associations, 42–46visual discrimination, 44visual perception, 44vowels, 47, 49–52writing, 28, 246

Lewis, C.S., Chronicles of Narnia, 237librarians, 286library, 19, 270, 276–277, 316Lindamood-Bell language program, 39LIPS language program, 39lisping, 74listening games, 254–255

345Index

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listening skillsblends, 58–59sharpening, 23–25short u words, 116syllables, 188word beginnings, 33–34word endings, 34–35

listening to your childduring conversations, 314while reading, 257

lists of wordsable ending, 185au words, 199aw words, 199Bossy e, 142–143c word ending, 196ck word ending, 196e and es endings, 175er ending, 183est ending, 183every vowel, 120ew words, 201ible ending, 185ily ending, 182ing ending, 181ly ending, 183oi words, 197oo words, 200ou words, 198ow words, 198oy words, 197sight words, 128–129tion words, 194when two vowels go walking, 147–148words ending with a, 195y ending, 182

literacyconnections.com Web site, 321Little, Brown and Company

Arthur, 236, 320Sports books, 237

Little House on the Prairie stories, LauraIngalls Wilder, 237, 239

The Littles, John Peterson, 237

Living Books CD-ROMs, 26lk blend, 66long vowel sounds

Bossy e rule, 143Bossy e words, 145–146defined, 47e, 143exercises, 144

look and say words, 130“Love is” poems, 251lowercase letters, 53lunch bag puppets, 227–228ly

word ending, 174, 182–183word family, 159–160

• M •m (silent), 219magazines, 239–240The Magic School Bus

book series, 237CD-ROM, 26Web site, 238

Magic Tree House, Mary Pope Osborne,237, 320

Makar, Barbara W., Primary Phonics, 235making

books, 226flashcards, 90playing cards, 94

making reading necessary, 273maps, 280Martin, Bill, Jr., Brown Bear, Brown Bear,

What Do You See?, 246Maslen, Bobby Lynn, Bob Books, 235, 319McGraw-Hill, 155Microsoft

Encarta Encyclopedia CD-ROM, 27Magic School Bus CD-ROM, 26

Millbrook Press’s Real Kids Readers,232, 235

“Missing” posters, 226

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mnemonics, 141moon word family, 154–155More Clue Mysteries, Vicki Cameron, 237motivational techniques

book-to-child fit, 279family reading time, 270fashion magazines, 275for a child who doesn’t like to read, 269guided reading, 278homework, 270library visits, 270, 276–277making reading necessary, 273reading together, 271–272social reading, 273sports magazines, 275

motor skills, 244, 313–314mp blend, 66multiple intelligences, 25multisensory learning, 25Murray, Glenn, Walter the Farting Dog, 206Muse magazine, 240My First Amazing World Explorer CD-ROM

(DK Multimedia), 27

• N •n (silent), 219names

first words, 28syllables, 188–189

Nancy Drew Mystery Stories, CarolynKeene (Price Stern and SloanePublishing), 237

nasal blends, 66Nate the Great, Marjorie Sharmat, 237, 320National Geographic Kids magazine, 240nd blend, 66New Kid on the Block CD-ROM

(Greenwillow), 238Neye, Emily, Water — All Aboard Science

Reader (Station Stop 1), 236ng blend, 669 and the letter P, 293–294

nk blend, 66no, 111–112nook for reading, 277nt blend, 66

• O •o

short o sound, 104–106short o words, 106–107, 110, 112–113silent, 219

oisyllable, 196–197word family, 298–299

older children, suggested reading, 238one-hand rule for choosing books,

233–234oo

syllable, 199–200word family, 201, 304

opposites poems, 251or word family, 206–207, 302–303oral reading, 263Orton Gillingham language program, 39Osborne, Mary Pope, Magic Tree

House, 237ou

syllable, 198word family, 299–300

outlines, 224ow

syllable, 198word family, 299–301

oysyllable, 196–197word family, 298–299

• P •p

P and the number 9, 293silent, 214, 219

paired reading, 242, 264–265

347Index

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paraphrasing, 25Parish, Peggy, Amelia Bedelia, 236, 320Parker, Barbara, Junie B. Jones, 237, 320Penguin Books, Ltd.

Key Words to Reading, 235Read With Ladybird, 235

people poems, 250people who can help

babysitters, 265teacher librarians, 286teachers, 284–285

personal development programs, 285Peterson, John, The Littles, 237ph sound, 72–74phonetically controlled books,

235–236, 319phonetically regular words, 86phonics

commercial phonics programs, 40defined, 12, 39Letter Land, 51phonemic awareness, 10–12, 23, 39, 315phonetically controlled books, 39–40reading problems, 287–288teaching, 40whole language, 40Zoo Phonics, 51

Phonics 1: Alphabets, Mandy Ross andNeal Layton, 16

phonics rulesBossy e, 141–144, 305–306drop the e when adding ing, 308–309ed ending can sound like t, 310er, ir, and ur all say er, 311i before e, except after c, 309ight words, 311s can sound like z, 310vowel pairs, 147–148, 306–307when two vowels go walking, 147–149,

306–307y acting like long e, 308y acting like long i, 307

physical movement, 313–314Pilkey, Dav, Captain Underpants,

46, 236, 320pl blend, 57places for reading, 277play dates, 277play dough recipe, 245–246plays, 259Pleasant Company Publications’ The

American Girl’s Collection, 237poems

color poems, 251–252“Love is” poems, 251opposites poems, 251people poems, 250recipe poems, 250writing, 249–252

pop-up books, 29, 140pr blend, 57preksmarties.com Web site, 321Preschool Playroom magazine, 240Price Stern and Sloane Publishing

Hardy Boys, 237Nancy Drew Mystery Stories, 237

Primary Phonics, Barbara W. Makar(Educators Publishing Service,Inc.), 235

progress charts, 138public library, 19, 270, 276–277, 316Puffin’s Cam Jansen, 236puppets, 227–228puzzles, 315, 317

• Q •qu, 219

• R •r sound

ar words, 203–206er words, 208

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ir words, 208or words, 206–207silent, 219ur words, 208

Random HouseA to Z Mysteries, 236, 320The Berenstain Bears books, 246Dr. Seuss books, 235, 304, 320Junie B. Jones, 237, 320Magic Tree House, 237, 320

read it exercise, 114read it, find it, write it routine, 95Read With Ladybird (Penguin Books,

Ltd.), 235Reader Rabbit CD-ROM (The Learning

Company), 26, 319reading ability, gauging, 282–283reading ahead of the lines, 222reading aloud

alternated reading, 265benefits, 17–18, 257, 315contextual cues, 262correcting mistakes, 260–262, 267expert advice, 267incomplete reading, 265paired reading, 264–265plays, 259repeat readings, 266rewards, 258–259sounding out, 260–261together (parent and child), 17–18,

264–265tracking, 262–263where to do it, 258

reading around and between thelines, 222

reading booksfinding books for all types of readers,

232–235one-hand rule, 233–234

reading conventions, 29reading hints, 240–242

reading nook, 277reading out loud. See reading aloudreading problems

b and d reversals, 292–293behaviors of struggling readers,

288–291color filters, 234developing a plan to tackle them on

your own, 286, 288guided reading, 288homework modifications, 294identifying, 281–2829 and the letter P, 293–294phonics, 287–288versus reading delays, 283sight words, 287Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD), 283troubleshooting, 291–294when to get help, 284where to get help, 284–286

reading programs, 285Reading Rainbow Readers (SeaStar

Books), 236reading sentences

a, 111–112no, 111–112preparation, 111the, 111–112

reading teachers’ resourcesblocks, 317board games, 318book series, 319–320flashcards, 318letter cards, 317phonetically controlled books, 319puzzles, 317stories on tape, 319Web sites, 320–321whiteboard, 318

reading words, 86Real Kids Readers (Millbrook Press),

232, 235

349Index

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recipe poems, 250recipes

gloop, 244Ken’s Yummy Chocolate Cake, 274–275play dough, 245–246reading, 274

remembering techniquesmnemonics, 141sight words, 131–132

repeat readings, 266report card, 226resources for teaching reading

blocks, 317board games, 318book series, 319–320flashcards, 318letter cards, 317phonetically controlled books, 319puzzles, 317stories on tape, 319Web sites, 320–321whiteboard, 318

reusing workbooks, 253–255rewards for reading aloud, 258–259rhymes, 24, 35–37, 211rhyming pairs, 123right age to start reading, 14, 22–23Ripley’s Believe it Or Not, 239Rodda, Emily, Deltora Quest, 237root words, 178Ross, Mandy, Phonics 1: Alphabets, 16Rowling, J.K., Harry Potter, 237Roy, Ron, A to Z Mysteries, 236, 320Running Press’s More Clue Mysteries, 237

• S •s

Bossy e words, 145s can sound like z phonics rule, 310silent, 219word endings, 174

same sounding words, 150–152same-or-different game, 60sc blend, 57Scholastic

The Bailey School Kids, 236, 320Bob Books, 235, 319Harry Potter, 237I Spy CD-ROM, 27The Littles, 237The Magic School Bus, 237Secrets of Droon, 237, 320

school report card, 226school supply store, 62schools

guided reading, 288homework programs, 285reading programs, 285social and personal development

programs, 285tutoring programs, 285

schwa sound, 190Scieszka, Jon, The Stinky Cheese Man, 205Score learning center, 286scr blend, 57scrapbooks, 29, 65SeaStar Books’ Reading Rainbow

Readers, 236Secrets of Droon, Tony Abbott, 237, 320self-correcting, 224sentences

a, 111–112no, 111–112preparing to read, 111the, 111–112

sequencing, 224A Series of Unfortunate Events, Lemony

Snicket, 237Sesame Street, 53sh sound, 71–72, 74–77shared reading, 263Sharmat, Marjorie, Nate the Great, 237sharpening listening skills, 23–25

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Sheila Rae, the Brave CD-ROM(HarperTrophy), 238

short a wordsat words, 90–92, 95–96chunking, 97–101determining a child’s readiness to

learn, 85–86longer a words, 99–101three-letter a words, 97–98

short u wordsbuilding, 117–118listening exercise, 116reading, 118–119

short vowel soundsBossy e words, 145–146defined, 47e, 104–108exercises, 144i, 104–109o, 104–107, 110

short vowels, 86sight vocabulary, 316sight words

books, 138–139defined, 11–12, 127–128Dolch lists, 129exercises for extra help, 287exercises for learning, 131finding little words within big words, 133flashcards, 137games, 134–137how to achieve instant recognition,

130–131list, 128–129look and say words, 130percentage of all words, 128progress charts, 138remembering, 131–132silent e, 133sounding out, 132–133word families, 130, 132

Sight Words flashcards (FrankSchaffer), 318

silent lettersa, 219b, 214–215, 219c, 219d, 219defined, 17e, 133, 219exercises, 216–218, 220f, 219g, 214, 219gh, 214–215h, 219i, 219k, 214–215, 217, 219l, 214–215, 219m, 219n, 219o, 219p, 214, 219qu, 219r, 219s, 219t, 214–215, 219u, 219ue, 215w, 214–215, 219y, 219z, 219

silly letters, 249Simon Says, 14–15sk blend, 57, 66Skylark’s Encyclopedia Brown book

series, 237sl blend, 57SLD (Specific Learning Disabilities), 283sleepovers, 277sm blend, 57Smith, Lane, The Stinky Cheese Man, 205smooth oo word family, 304sn blend, 57Snicket, Lemony, A Series of Unfortunate

Events, 237Sobol, Donald J., Encyclopedia Brown, 237

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social and personal developmentprograms, 285

social reading, 273soft sounds

c, 169–172exercises, 171–172g, 167–169, 171–172

songs, 37–38Sore Loser card game, 94sound games, 14–15, 24–25sounding out words

alliteration, 24letter sounds, 31–35, 41–42long vowel sounds, 47phonemic awareness, 10–12, 23, 39reading aloud, 260–261rhymes, 24same sounding words, 150–151short vowel sounds, 47sight words, 132–133sound-to-letter associations, 42–46syllables, 192

soundsch, 70, 74–77digraphs, 76e (long), 143e (short), 104–108ed, 179–180i (short), 104–106long vowels, 143o (short), 104–106ph, 72–74r, 203–208schwa, 190sh, 71–72, 74–77short vowels, 47soft, 167–172th, 73–76two-vowel sounds, 149–155uh, 85wh, 78y, 157–164

sp blend, 57

Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD), 283speech therapy, 74spelling rules, 141Spider magazine, 240spl blend, 57Sports books, Matt Christopher (Little,

Brown and Company), 237sports magazines, 275spr blend, 57squ blend, 57–58st blend, 57, 66Stine, R.L., Goosebumps, 237The Stinky Cheese Man, Jon Scieszka and

Lane Smith, 205Stories (including Noddy), Enid Blyton

(Dean and Son, Ltd.), 237stories on tape, 319storytelling with lunch bag puppets,

227–228str blend, 57struggling readers, 288–291suffixes

able, 184–185defined, 17, 173e, 175ed, 174–179er, 174, 182–183es, 174–175est, 174, 182–183ful, 184ible, 184–185ily, 174, 181–182ing, 174, 180–181listening to, 34–35ly, 174, 182–183s, 174y, 174, 181–182

supporting your child, 139sw blend, 57syllables

a, 195au, 199aw, 199

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breaking words into syllables, 190–193c, 195–196categorizing one-, two-, and three-

syllable words exercise, 193chunking words, 188ck, 195–196clapping out exercise, 189defined, 187ew, 199, 201listening to, 188long words, 192–193names, 188–189oi, 196–197oo, 199–200ou, 198ow, 198oy, 196–197sounding out, 192three-syllable words, 192tion, 194two-syllable words, 190–191usage rules, 190vowels, 190

Sylvan learning center, 286syntax, 12

• T •t (silent), 214–215, 219tabs in books, 140taking breaks from learning, 321–322tapes of stories, 319teacher librarians, 286teachers, asking for extra help, 284–285teachers’ resources

blocks, 317board games, 318book series, 319–320flashcards, 318letter cards, 317phonetically controlled books, 319puzzles, 317stories on tape, 319

Web sites, 320–321whiteboard, 318

teachingattitudes about, 84–85, 322guidelines, 82–84materials, 84phonics, 40reading aloud to your child, 315taking breaks from, 321–322

television, 27–28, 315th sound, 73–76the, 111–112three-letter a words, 97–98three-syllable words, 192tion syllable, 194tr blend, 57tracking, 262–263troubleshooting reading problems,

291–294try word family, 159–160tutoring programs, 285tutors, 286TV, 27–28, 315tw blend, 57two-syllable words, 190–191two-vowel sounds

contextual cues, 153–154defined, 149exercises, 150, 152–153same sounding words, 150–152word families, 154–155

• U •u

short u words, 116–119silent, 219

ue (silent), 215uh sound, 85Up to the Himalayas CD-ROM (Victory

Multimedia), 27ur word family, 208, 301–302, 311

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• V •The Very Hungry Caterpillar, Eric

Carle, 140Victory Multimedia’s Up to the Himalayas

CD-ROM, 27vision problems, 22visual discrimination, 44visual perception, 44vocabulary

language enrichment, 316sight vocabulary, 316

vowel soundsBossy e words, 145–146exercises, 144long vowels, 47, 143matching sounds to letters exercise, 117schwa, 190short vowels, 47, 104–110two-vowel sounds, 149–155

vowelsdiphthong, 197every vowel word list, 120learning, 49–52short vowels, 86syllables, 190vowel pairs phonics rule, 147–149,

306–307

• W •w (silent), 214–215, 219Walter the Farting Dog, William

Kotzwinkle and Glenn Murray, 206“Wanted” posters, 226Water — All Aboard Science Reader

(Station Stop 1), Emily Neye, 236The Way Things Work, CD-ROM (Dorling

Kindersley), 27Web sites

American Library Association, 238, 321Arthur, 238

essortment.com, 321Goosebumps, 238kinderkorner.com, 320literacyconnections.com, 321The Magic School Bus, 238preksmarties.com, 321

wh sound, 78when two vowels go walking phonics

rule, 147–149, 306–307Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego?

CD-ROM (The Learning Company), 27Where’s Waldo? books, 239whiteboard, 318whole language, 40Wilder, Laura Ingalls, Little House on the

Prairie stories, 237, 239word attack skills, 144word beginnings, listening to, 33–34word endings

able, 184–185blends, 65–66defined, 173e, 175ed, 174–179er, 174, 182–183es, 174–175est, 174, 182–183ful, 184ible, 184–185ily, 174, 181–182ing, 174, 180–181listening to, 34–35ly, 174, 182–183s, 174y, 174, 181–182

word familiesall, 297–298ar, 203–206are, 210–211au, 302–303aw, 302–303ay, 158book, 154–155

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Bossy e, 146bread, 154–155cloud, 154–155er, 208, 301–302, 311ight, 298, 311ir, 208, 301–302, 311ly, 159–160moon, 154–155oi, 298–299oo, 201, 304or, 206–207, 302–303ou, 299–300ow, 299–301oy, 298–299sight words, 130, 132try, 159–160two-vowel sounds, 154–155ur, 208, 301–302, 311

word listsable ending, 185au words, 199aw words, 199Bossy e, 142–143c word ending, 196ck word ending, 196e and es endings, 175er ending, 183est ending, 183every vowel, 120ew words, 201ible ending, 185ily ending, 182ing ending, 181ly ending, 183oi words, 197oo words, 200ou words, 198ow words, 198oy words, 197sight words, 128–129tion words, 194when two vowels go walking, 147–148

words ending with a, 195y ending, 182

wordsa, 111–112at, 86–87, 90–92, 95–96base words, 178Bossy e, 145–147, 305–306building, 16, 89compound words, 123decoding, 12, 144ed endings that sound like t, 310encoding, 12every vowel words, 120guessing at, 223i before e, except after c words, 309ing words, 309letter sounds, 31–35look and say words, 130names, 28no, 111–112phonetically regular words, 86reading, 86rhyming pairs, 123root words, 178same sounding words, 150–152short a words, 85–86, 97–101short e words, 106–108, 112short i words, 106–109, 112–113short o words, 106–107, 110, 112–113short u words, 116–119sight words, 11–12, 127–137, 287silent letters, 214–220soft c, 170soft g, 168–169sounding out, 10–12, 23–24, 260–261suffixes, 17the, 111–112when two vowels go walking words, 307writing, 86y endings that sound like long e, 308y endings that sound like long i, 307

Words Envelope game, 134–137

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workbooksblends, 64–65choosing, 252–253reusing, 253–255using, 47–48, 252

writingemergent literacy, 247first steps, 245learning, 248letters (from book characters), 227letters (single letters), 28, 246name, 247poems, 249–252silly letters, 249words, 86

• Y •y

adding word endings, 184ay words, 158

dropping e on -y words, 160–161exercises, 163–164long a sound, 158long e sound, 158–160, 308long i sound, 161–162, 307ly words, 159–160short i sound, 162silent, 219try words, 159–160variety of sounds, 157–158, 162–164word ending, 174, 181–182

Yearling Books’ Nate the Great series,237, 320

yes-or-no it exercise, 114

• Z •z (silent), 219Zoo Phonics, 51Zoobooks magazine, 240

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