350:596 (Goldstone) January 28, 2020

Constant revolutionising of production, uninterrupted disturbance of all socialconditions, everlasting uncertainty and agitation distinguish the bourgeoisepoch from all earlier ones. All fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train ofancient and venerable prejudices and opinions, are swept away, all new-formedones become antiquated before they can ossify. All that is solid melts into air,all that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senseshis real conditions of life, and his relations with his kind.Lewis Caroll, Alice’s Adventures inWonderland (London: Macmillan, 1865).1

The fate of our times is characterized by rationalization and intellectualizationand, above all, by the “disenchantment of the world.”Max Weber, “Science as a Vocation” (1919), in From Max Weber: Essays in Soci-ology, ed. and trans. H. H. Gerth and C. Wright Mills (New York: Oxford UP,1946), 155.

I am suggesting we treat modernism as the domain of creative expressivitywithinmodernity’s dynamic of rapid change, a domain that interacts with the otherarenas of rupture such as technology, trade, migration, state formation, societalinstitutions, and so forth.Susan Stanford Friedman, “Planetarity: Musing Modernist Studies,” Mod-ernism/modernity17, no. 3 (September 2010): 475. doi:10.1353/mod.2010.0003.Rpt. in Friedman, PlanetaryModernisms: Provocations onModernity Across Time(New York: Columbia UP, 2015), 52.

Social theorists and others have been looking in the wrong place for the signsof systematic cultural change. They have tried to detect broad changes in valuesand beliefs, in attitudes and orientations…. Such changes, in so far as they haveoccurred, are certainly interesting and important; but they are also, by their verynature, elusive, varied, and extremely complex…. By shifting the focus of atten-tion, we can discern a broad transformation in the cultural domainwhich is bothmore systematic and more clear-cut…. Focus in the first instance not on values,attitudes and beliefs, but rather on symbolic forms and their modes of produc-tion and circulation in the social world.John B.Thompson,TheMedia andModernity: A SocialTheory of theMedia (Stan-ford: Stanford UP, 1995), 45–46.

A character is the effect that occurs when a figure is presented with distinctive,mostly human characteristics.Mieke Bal,Narratology: Introduction to theTheory of Narrative, 4th ed. (Toronto:U of Toronto P, 2009), 104.

1. Actually KarlMarx and Friedrich Engels, “Manifesto of theCommunist Party” (1848; 1888),inTheMarx-Engels Reader, 2nd ed., ed. Robert C. Tucker (New York: Norton, 1978), 476.

http://doi.org/10.1353/mod.2010.0003

350:596 (Goldstone) January 28, 2020

JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Jan. 2—Cubans here now feel that it never rains but itpours….Stephen Crane, the novelist, was on board, and was in Capt. Murphy’sboat.“The Tug Commodore Sunk,” New York Times, January 3, 1897: 1. American’sHistorical Newspapers.

“Montgomery, Crane, andMurphywerewashed to the beach, where citizens pro-vided them with medical attendance. Higgins was killed by the overturning ofthe boat, which made ten Americans and six Cubans lost.”“Loss of the Commodore,”New York Times, January 4, 1897: 1. American’s His-torical Newspapers.

JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Jan. 6.—It was the afternoon of New Year’s. The Com-modore lay at her dock in Jacksonville and negro stevedores processioned steadilytoward her with box after box of ammunition and bundle after bundle of rifles.Her hatch, like the mouth of a monster, engulfed them. It might have been thefeeding time of some legendary creature of the sea. It was in broad daylight andthe crowd of gleeful Cubans on the pier did not forbear to sing the strange patri-otic ballads of their island.

Everything was perfectly open. The Commodore was cleared with a cargo ofarms and munition for Cuba. There was none of that extreme modesty aboutthe proceeding which had marked previous departures of the famous tug. Sheloaded up as placidly as if she were going to carry oranges toNewYork, instead ofRemingtons to Cuba. Down the river, furthermore, the revenue cutter Boutwell,the old isosceles triangle that protects United States interests in the St. John’s, layat anchor, with no sign of excitement aboard her.

“Stephen Crane’s Own Story,” New York Press, January 7, 1897; Prose and Poetry(New York: Library of America), 875. See also sites.lafayette.edu/crane-edition.

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https://search-proquest-com.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/docview/95478046?accountid=13626https://search-proquest-com.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/docview/95478046?accountid=13626https://search-proquest-com.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/docview/95488038?accountid=13626https://search-proquest-com.proxy.libraries.rutgers.edu/docview/95488038?accountid=13626https://sites.lafayette.edu/crane-edition

350:596 (Goldstone) January 28, 2020

Scribner's MagazineVOL. XXI NO. G

The Athletic Field.

^k*j,

UNDERGRADUATE LIFE AT PRINCETON-OLD AND NEW

By James- W. AlexanderIllustrations by W. R. Leigh

THE ingredients of that

composite but intangiblething that Princeton menworship under the endear

ing name of " Old Nassau " areso numerous, so varied, so indescribable, that it would be nextto impossible to take them apartand classify them. Famous men,contributions to learning and science, friendship, escapades, hereditary ties, historic links, songs,

and thousands of characteristic incidents combinethrough decades and centuries to form the mystic object of our love.Besides the systematic

instruction and researchwhich go on in all collegesand universities, there is alife and atmosphere whichis characteristic to each,

and which has much to do with making \Lewell-rounded man. Who, for example, shallmeasure the stimulus of pride in collegecolors? It is only in modern times thatdistinctive colors have become an accepted college usage. The crimson of Harvard is a recent thing. They used to sportthe magenta, and had a college paper ofthat name, afterward changed to the Crimson when the new tint was adopted. Asfor Princeton, it is less than a quarter of acentury since she discovered that she hada color. It was there all the time, for thePrinceton orange was hers the momentthe Colonial Governor Belcher dubbedthe first college building with the nameof Nassau. But for more than a centuryPrincetonians went without colors, excepting the light blue of Whig, and the pink ofClio, Hall. It was a custom, which hundreds of living graduates remember, for thestudents to wear the badges of those renowned societies on all public occasionsater-tower.

Copyright, 1897, by Charles Scribner's Sons. All rights reserved.

THE OPEN BOATA TALE INTENDED TO BE AFTER THE FACT. BEING THE

EXPERIENCE OF FOUR MEN FROM THE SUNK. STEAMERCOMMODORE

By Stephen Crane

I

NONEof them knew the color of the

sky. Their eyes glanced level, andwere fastened upon the waves that

swept toward them. These waves were ofthe hue of slate, save for the tops, whichwere of foaming white, and alt of the menknew the colors of the sea. The horizonnarrowed and widened, and dipped androse, and at all times its edge was jaggedwith waves that seemed thrust up in pointslike rocks.Many a man ought to have a bath-tub

larger than the boat which here rode uponthe sea. These waves were most wrongfully and barbarously abrupt and tall, andeach froth-top was a problem in smallboat navigation.The cook squatted in the bottom and

looked with both eyes at the six inches ofgunwale which separated him from theocean. His sleeves were rolled over hisfat forearms, and the two flaps of his unbuttoned vest dangled as he bent to bailout the boat. Often he said : " Gawd !That was a narrow clip." As he remarkedit he invariably gazed eastward over thebroken sea.The oiler, steering with one of the two

oars in the boat, sometimes raised himself suddenly to keep clear of water thatswirled in over the stern. It was a thinlittle oar and it seemed often ready to snap.The correspondent, pulling at the other

oar, watched the waves and wonderedwhy he was there.The injured captain, lying in the bow,

was at this time buried in that profounddejection and indifference which comes,temporarily at least, to even the bravestand most enduring when, willy nilly, thefirm fails, the army loses, the ship goesdown. The mind of the master of a vessel is rooted deep in the timbers of her,

though he command for a day or a decade,and this captain had on him the stern impression of a scene in the grays of dawnof seven turned faces, and later a stumpof a top-mast with a white ball on it thatslashed to and fro at the waves, went lowand lower, and down. Thereafter therewas something strange in his voice. Although steady, it was deep with mourning,and of a quality beyond oration or tears." Keep'er a little more south, Billie,"said he." ' A little more south,' sir," said the

oiler in the stern.A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat

upon a bucking broncho, and, by the sametoken, a broncho is not much smaller. Thecraft pranced and reared, and plunged likean animal. As each wave came, and sherose for it, she seemed like a horse makingat a fence outrageously high. The manner of her scramble over these walls ofwater is a mystic thing, and, moreover, atthe top of them were ordinarily these problems in white water, the foam racing downfrom the summit of each wave, requiring

a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then,after scornfully bumping a crest, she wouldslide, and race, and splash down a longincline and arrive bobbing and noddingin front of the next menace.

A singular disadvantage of the sea liesin the fact that after successfully surmounting one wave you discover that there is

another behind it just as important andjust as nervously anxious to do somethingeffective in the way of swamping boats.In a ten-foot dingey one can get an ideaof the resources of the sea in the line ofwaves that is not probable to the averageexperience, which is never at sea in a dingey. As each slaty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of

the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave

Scribner’s 21, no. 6 ( June 1897): 663, 728. HathiTrust.

The Open BoatAnd Other Tales of Adventure

By

Stephen CraneAuthor of “Red Badge of Courage,”“The Third Violet,” etc.

Sp

New YorkDoubleday & McClure Co.

1898

TheOpen Boat (New York: Doubleday &McClure, 1898). HathiTrust.

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350:596 (Goldstone) January 28, 2020

FIFTHREADER.

269

LXXXVI.THESOLDIER

OFTHERHINE.

CarolineElizabeth

SarahNorton

(b.1808,d.1877)wasthegrand

daughterofRichard

BrinsleySheridan.

Shewroteverses

andplays

ataveryearly

age.“TheSorrow

sofRosalie,”

publishedin1829,was

written

beforeshewasseventeen

yearsold.In1827,shewasmarried

totheHon.George

ChappleNorton.

Themarriage

wasanunhappy

one,andtheyweredivorced

in1836.Herprincipal

worksare“The

UndyingOne,”“The

Dream,andOther

Poems,”“TheChildofthe

Islands,”“Stuart

ofDunleith,

aRomance,”

and“English

Lawsfor

EnglishWomenofthe19thCentury.”

Shehascontributed

extensivelytothemagazines

andotherperiodicals.

1.ASOLDIER

oftheLegion

laydyinginAlgiers,

Therewaslackofwoman'snursing,

therewasdearthofwom

an’stears;

Butacomradestood

besidehim,whilehislife-blood

ebbedaway,

Andbent,w

ithpitying

glances,tohearwhathemightsay.

Thedyingsoldier

faltered,ashetookthatcomrade's

hand,Andhesaid:“I

nevermoreshall

seemyown,mynative

land;Takeamessage

andatokentosomedistant

friendsofmine,

ForIwasbornatBingen,—

atBingen

ontheRhine.

2.“Tellmybrothers

andcompanions,w

hentheymeetandcrowd

around,Tohearmymournful

storyinthepleasant

vineyardground,

Thatwefought

thebattlebravely,

andwhenthedaywasdone,

Fullmanyacorselayghastly

palebeneath

thesetting

sun;And,'midthedeadanddying,

weresomegrownoldinwars,—

Thedeath-w

oundontheirgallant

breasts,thelastofmany

scars;Butsomewereyoung,

andsuddenly

beheldlife'smornde

cline,—AndonehadcomefromBingen,—

fairBingen

ontheRhine.

3.“Tellmymotherthatherother

sonsshallcomfortheroldage,

ForIwasayeatruant

bird,thatthought

hishomeacage.

Formyfather

wasasoldier,and,

evenwhenachild,

Myheart

leapedforth

tohearhimtellof

strugglesfierceand

wild;

270ECLECTIC

SERIES.

Andwhen

hedied,

andleft

ustodivide

hisscanty

hoard,Ilet

themtake

whate'er

theywould,

butkept

myfather's

sword;

Andwith

boyishloveIhung

itwhere

thebright

lightused

toshine,

Onthe

cottagewall

atBingen,-calm

Bingenon

theRhine.

4.Tell

mysister

nottoweep

forme,and

sobwith

droopinghead,

When

thetroops

comemarching

homeagain,w

ithglad

andgallant

tread,But

tolook

uponthem

proudly,with

acalm

andsteadfast

eye,For

herbrother

was

asoldier,

too,and

notafraid

todie;

Andifacom

radeseek

herlove,I

askher

inmynam

eTo

listentohim

kindly,without

regretor

shame,

Andtohang

theold

sword

inits

place(myfather's

sword

andmine),

Forthe

honorofold

Bingen,-dearBingen

onthe

Rhine.

5.There

sanother,

notasister;

inthe

happydays

goneby,

Youdhave

knownher

bythe

merrim

entthat

sparkledinher

eye;Too

innocentfor

coquetry,too

fondfor

idlescorning,

Ofriend!I

fearthe

lightestheart

makes

sometim

esheaviest

mourning!

Tellher

thelast

nightofmylife

(for,ere

themoon

berisen,

Mybody

will

beout

ofpain,

mysoul

beout

ofprison),

Idream

edIstood

with

her,and

sawthe

yellowsunlight

shineOnthe

vine-cladhills

ofBingen,

fairBingen

onthe

Rhine.

6.Isaw

theblue

Rhinesweep

along:Iheard,or

seemedtohear,

TheGerm

ansongs

weused

tosing,in

chorussweet

andclear;

Anddow

nthe

pleasantriver,

andup

theslanting

hill,The

echoingchorus

sounded,through

theevening

calmand

still;-

Andher

gladblue

eyeswere

onme,

aswepassed,

with

friendlytalk,

Down

many

apath

belovedof

yore,and

well-rem

embered

walk;

-

4

350:596 (Goldstone) January 28, 2020

FIFTHREAD

ER.271

Andher

littlehand

laylightly,

confidinglyinmine,

Butwellmeet

nomore

atBingen,-loved

Bingenon

theRhine.

7.Histrem

blingvoice

grewfaint

andhoarse;

hisgrasp

was

childishweak,

Hiseyes

puton

adying

look,-hesighed

andceased

tospeak.

Hiscom

radebent

tolift

him,but

thespark

oflife

hadfled,

Thesoldier

ofthe

Legionin

aforeign

landwasdead!

Andthe

softmoon

roseup

slowly,

andcalm

lyshe

lookeddow

nOnthe

redsand

ofthe

battle-field,with

bloodycorpses

strewn;

Yes,calm

lyon

thatdreadful

scene,her

palelight

seemed

toshine,

Asitshone

ondistant

Bingen,fair

Bingenon

theRhine.

DEFIN

ITIONS.1.

Légion(pro.

lé'jun),division

ofan

army.

Dèarth

(pro.dérth),

scarcity.Ebbed,

flowed

out2.

Córse,a

deadbody.

4.Stéad'fast,

firm,resolute.

5.Coquet-ry,

triflingin

love.6.Chö

rus,music

inwhich

alljoin.

Yöre,old

times.

NOTE.

1.Bingen

ispronounced

Bing'en,not

Bingen,nor

Bin'jen.

LXXXVII.THEWINGED

WORSH

IPERS.

CharlesSprague

(b.1791,

d.1875)

wasborn

inBoston,

Massachusetts.

Heengaged

inmercantile

businesswhen

quiteyoung,

leavingschool

forthat

purpose.In

1825,he

was

electedcashier

ofthe

Globe

Bankof

Boston,which

positionhe

helduntil

1864.Mr.Sprague

hasnot

beena

prolificwriter;

buthis

poems,though

fewin

number,

aredeservedly

classedamong

thebest

productionsofAm

ericanpoets.

Hischief

poemisentitled

Curiosity.

1.GAY,

guiltlesspair,

What

seekye

fromthe

fieldsofheaven?

Yehave

noneed

ofprayer,

Yehave

nosins

tobe

forgiven.

Caroline Norton, “The Solider of the Rhine” [Bingen on the Rhine], inMcGuf-fey’s Fifth Eclectic Reader, rev. ed. (Cincinnati: Van Antwerp, Bragg, 1879),269–71. HathiTrust. Cited in David H. Jackson, “Textual Questions Raised byCrane’s ‘Soldier of the Legion,’ ” American Literature 55, no. 1 (1983): 77-80.DOI:10.2307/2925884.

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