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Cloud Computing: Promises,

Challenges, and Opportunities

Janaka BalasooriyaSchool of computing, informatics, and decision systems Eng.

Arizona State University

[email protected]


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Agenda

Distributed/ Enterprise computing :Historical perspective Service Oriented Computing (SOC) and

Web Services

What is Cloud Computing? Different Types of Clouds Cloud Architectural Designs : Current State

Major Players Use cases

Challenges and Opportunities

References


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3

Introduction

Any information system hasrequesters and service providers.

At abstract level, informationsystems are designed around three

layers: presentation layer,application layer, resourcemanagement layer.

The way these layers are arrangedbetween service provider and the

service requester determine if it is1-tier, 2-tier,3-tier or n-tier.

Distributed Information SystemsDistributed Information Systems

Informationsystem

Client

presentation layer

resource management layer

application logic layer

service provider


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4

Introduction Chronology of Distributed Information Systems:Chronology of Distributed Information Systems:

1-tierMain frame

EAIB2B integration

3(N)-tierMiddleware

2-tier

RPC-based,classical client server

Required to integrate severalservices together to form asophisticated services (workflows).

Inter-organizational integration.

Can be done in several layers

Presentation layer

Middleware layer

Development of Inter-organizational

workflows is handicapped due to severalreasons:

organizations are reluctant to exposethere application logic.

Heterogeneity of application logic andtechnology used.


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5

Web Services and SOC : Hide Network

and System Heterogeneity

Conventional Distributed Systems:

Conventional middleware andEnterprise Application Integration (EAI)technologies have limited success.

Lack of Inter-operability.CORBA

RMI

COM

A C

B

Web Services:

Uniform interface (WSDL: Web Service

Description Language)

Common communication platform(SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol)

Hide the network and system

heterogeneity.

Solution

SOAPSOAPA

B

C

A

B

C

Inter-OperabilityProtocols
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Columbia_Supercomputer_-_NASA_Advanced_Supercomputing_Facility.jpg


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What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is the current buzz word in Enterprise computingThe core idea is to provide a framework that facilitates sharing resources

(Infrastructure, software, applications, and business processors) in on-demand

basis. => C om puting bec om es a utility


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Architectural Layers of Cloud

Different categories of clouds are classified along the lines of a s a

service term.

Software as a Service

(SaaS)

Platform as Service(PaaS)

Infrustructure as

Service (IaaS)

Figure 1: A rchitectura l Layers of C loud


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Cloud Computing Architectural

Models Currently, there is no well accepted architecture of cloud infrastructure. In [1], Sun Microsystems presents a generic Cloud Computing

Architecture

Figure 2: C loud Architecture from S un

M ic ros ys tems [1]


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even r nc p es o ou rc ec ure[2]1. Integrated Ecosystem Management for Cloud : For Vendors, Partners

and End users.

2. Virtualization for Cloud Infrastructure : Maintain Hardware and

software resources availability in dynamic, on-demand manner.

3. Service Orientation for Common Reusable Components :Present

reusable components as web Services

4. Extensible Provisioning and Subscription for Clouds: How Cloud

users easily access (subscribe to) services. How cloud service provides

provision services.

5. Configurable Enablement for Cloud Offerings: Cloud offering levels(SaaS, IaaS, or PaaS)

6. Unified Information Representation and Exchange Framework:

How different Cloud Entities Exchange Messages

7. Cloud Quality and Governance: Reliability, Security, Billing etc


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Figure 3: Cloud Computing Open Architecture [2]


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Major Players1. Amarzon.com (http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/ ): Amazons Elastic Compute

Cloud (EC2)

This is an example of IaaS cloud architecture that provides metered,

on-demand rental of virtual machine computing resources [3] . It also facilitates storage facilities. Some users include

New York Times - data conversion((http://open.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/11/01/self-service-prorated-

super-computing-fun/ )

2. Google : Google App Engine (http://code.google.com/appengine/)

This is an example of a PaaS model. Google App Engine provides online application configuration and

deployment platform. Some of the users

BestBuy for their Gifttag service White house uses an App engine based Moderator handle high

volume online voting during town hall meetings.


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Major Players

3. Salesforce (http://www.salesforce.com/platform/ ): force.com

Salesforce provides specialized Customer Relationship Management

software (SaaS) Force.com provides application development platform for building

Business Workflow applications

Other Major Players Include [3] IBM Blue Cloud Microsoft Azure


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Challenges and Opportunities

What is the best Cloud ComputingArchitecture Scalability

Availability Security Virtualization techniques Cost Models


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References

[1] Introduction to Cloud Computing Architecture, White paper, SunMicrosystems (http://www.sun.com/featured-articles/CloudComputing.pdf)

[2] Liang-Jie Zhang; Qun Zhou. CCOA: Cloud Computing Open

Architecture. ICWS 2009. IEEE International Conference on. 2009

[3] Cloud Computing: A Taxonomy of P latform and. Infrastructure-levelOfferings. David Hilley, technical report, GT

(http://www.cercs.gatech.edu/tech-reports/tr2009/git-cercs-09-13.pdf)

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