Future of Broadcasting Industry

&

Understanding Media Consumer

Sahara News Network

Name: Nimmi Joshi

Course: MBA Media Management

Enrolment no: A2021310022

Batch: 2010-2012

Supervisors Name: Mr. Ratnesh Dwivedi

Amity University, Noida

Amity School of Communication

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DECLARATION

I Nimmi Joshi student of MBA Media Management of Amity School of Communcation hereby declare that I have completed the project Future of Broadcasting industry and understanding the media consumer at Sahara News Network in noida as a internee.

The information provided by me is true and original and to the best of my knowledge. The work developed by me at Sahara News Network noida under the guidance of Mr. Shyam Kishore is authentic and original.

Nimmi Joshi

Sign( )

3rd Semester, MBA-MM

Amity School of Communication

Amity University

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PREFACE

The project is guided towards how Broadcast Industry has boomed over a period of time in the past 15 to 20 years and how many of the Broadcasting Channels have some up especially in the regional part of India to tap the potentials and grow radically.

The Brand discussed is Sahara News Network which has the diversified business interests in print, Television media, film production and distribution. Sahara Media House head office is located in Lucknow from where all major decisions are taken since Sahara India Pariwar belongs to the City Lucknow.

The major stress has been laid upon Sahara News Network as a Brand and its presence in the national as well as regional areas and how well it markets and promotes itself.

The organization is a large sized one therefore the expenses incurred on advertising and marketing can be nicely backed by good amount of budget and skilled manpower and other assets.

The Television industry is witnessing a spate of new channels being launched every year. TV is also penetrating into the rural areas and is a promising segment. Homes with TVs have grown from 112 million to 200 million in a few years.

In this changing era the role of TV Industry and its impact and influence on the consumer behavior has been critically discussed in the project.

The major scope of the project is how various platforms are utilized by Sahara India TV Network to enhance viewership through infotainment content on its channels and what customer preferences are and behavior is studied under the brand Sahara Media House.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I Nimmi Joshi respectfully thank our institute head Prof. Col. R.K. Dargan for letting all of us from MBA Media Management (MBA-MM) a great opportunity to work as summer trainees in the desired areas and organizations to learn from practical industry exposure of work and also my Project Supervisor Mr. Ratnesh Dwivedi for helping and guiding me time to time so that I do not have any difficulty in doing this summer project.

Apart from the above people from the institute I would like to express my gratitude towards Mr. Durgesh Upadhyaya, Input Department head, who gave me a platform to learn and work in the office without whose help this internship would have been impossible and her guidance to work in the right direction to make this project better and better.

I would also like to thank Mr. Shyam kishore, assignment desk head under whom I was working,in his guidance I could understand things a lot better and I would specially thank him for sparing a lot of time from his busy schedule to help me on a personal level. A special thanks to his team as well Ms. Poonam Mahajan and Mr. Mukund who made all needed data available to me and as well as helped me in various works at office as well as in my summer project.

Last but not the least I would thank my Parents who made every asset needed available to me and without their help and guidance this project would have been impossible.

With gratitude and Regards

Nimmi Joshi

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sr.No Particular Page No

1) Introduction 7

2) Future of broadcasting industry & understanding media consumer 8

3) Objectives of project 18

4) Sahara India Pariwar 19-23

5) Overview of company & chairman 24

6) Business Activities 25-38

7) Research Methodology 39-41

8) Introduction to Industry 42

9) Sahara News Network overview 43-51

10) Organization & infrastructure 52

11) News Floor Composition 53

12) Input Department 54-68

13) Output Department 69-72

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14) News Room Cycle 73-74

15) Insights 75-83

16) Marketing Department 84-89

17) SWOT Analysis of Sahara Network 90-91

18) Strategies of Sahara Network 92

19) Learning 92-93

20) Conclusion 94-95

21) References 96

INTRODUCTION

This project was taken under Sahara India TV Network. I was working in the Electronic Media of Sahara News Network. I joined as an internee in the INPUT DEPARTMENT at the ASSIGNMENT DESK of the SAHARA NEWS CHANNEL. In the ELECTRONIC MEDIA INDUSTRY Sahara News Network is composed :-

1 National 24*7 Hindi News Channel

5 Regional 24*7 Hindi News Channels

1 Urdu 24*7 News Channel

The Input Department is the first phase department of the news organization where all the raw data or information is collected from the entire country

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through reporters and stringers. The reporters are in direct contact of the input department to provide information on any news development. All scripts and stories are collected in a News Gathering System called as ENPS system in which systematic recording of the data is done and further those scripts are analogize and sorted to make decisions regarding the treatment of the scripts.

I basically understood the operations of the News Floor and how packages are created for the stories and scripts.

Sahara News channel TRP is high for mostly of Regional channels as compared to National news channel. The national news channel TRP is less as compared to Regional news channel of Sahara. This reflects that people of the country are eagerly interested in knowing more for their regional heads happening and accidents than giving more emphasis to national channel. All regional channels of Sahara are a big source of earning and viewership for Sahara news network because for national news there are other good competitors like AAJ TAK, NDTV. IBN7, CNN , TIMES NOW but the added content and extra effort for local news is provided by Sahara regional channels.

FUTURE OF BROADCASTING

INDUSTRY

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AND

UNDERSTANDING MEDIA CONSUMER

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FUTURE OF BROADCASTING INDUSTRY IN INDIA

Having embraced the mantra of liberalization, India is, today, integrating with the new borderless global economy. The economic liberalization has been greatly aided and accelerated by the media liberalization. In fact, the two are totally complimentary.

Over the last four years, there has been a cataclysmic change in the broadcast industry. From the monopolistic days of Doordarshan, today, India has over 30 channels. India is the home to the world’s fastest growing Television, Cable & Satellite market. India has more than 250 million TV viewers with the base of 55 million TV homes. In just four years time, it has a Cable and Satellite distribution infrastructure reaching out to 18 million homes with a penetration of 35%.

In International Stock exchanges, the leading broadcasting companies have among the highest P/E ratios and are considered very profitable. Seeing the success of ZEE a large no. of TV channels mushroomed in the last 2-3 years. Not all of them had understood the dynamics of the industry. In the face of stiff competition ZEE NETWORK has continued to grow in business, connectivity and TV ratings.

Today the initial dust has settled - the future belongs to serious and committed players – to people who realize that broadcasting is a serious business with long gestation periods. As a media professional, we welcome the entry of new channels. It is firmly believe that competition offers customers a greater choice and helps to expand the overall market size; the end result is that a proactive market leader always gains.

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Growth of the broadcasting industry in any’ country is dependent on:

i. Technological development and growth.

ii. Economic growth.

iii. Programming trends.

iv. Advertising potential.

v. Industry players. 

vi. Regulation framework and deregulation For smaller players, however, affordability and sustenance is the key. 

Fully industrialized and developed countries are all information rich societies, while the less developed are also the less information rich. Information richness and liberalization are inter-twined. TV will become the melting screen where values and ethics would inspire the society towards becoming more richly informed and economically progressive.

Hitherto, in the first 4-5 years of the growth curve of the industry, the primary function of broadcasting was to Inform, Educate and Entertain. In the future, the primary function will be to Stimulate, Influence and Motivate in anticipation of Multi-media dominating the information super highway. The television of today would transform into the all-encompassing television screen of tomorrow, which would become the main denominator of economic progress.

The future of broadcasting in India is dependent on the technological 12

enhancements, in all aspects, be it in TV hardware, in platform or in connectivity.

The Television industry is witnessing a spate of new channels being launched every year. TV is also penetrating into the rural areas and is a promising segment. Homes with TVs are expected to grow from 112 million to 200 million in a few years.

Asia sat l, launched in 1990, and changed the very definition of regional satellites. Keeping the Indian market in mind, there are today a number of satellites being launched. This would bring down the price of TV transponders and thus further help broadcasters.

Already digital channels have started beaming into India. The breakthrough in digital compression technology would leapfrog the analogue technology. This would increase the capability of each platform to offer manifold more channels.

Where would all this lead to in the ground distribution front? Here I would like to draw the attention, to the trend of the European development. In the European matured market, the cable cartels have a considerable advantage as they enjoy a monopoly due to extremely high entry barriers. They also enjoy the prospect of new technology providing opportunity to see television related services e.g. video on demand, interactive services plus unrelated services like software and telephones.

Traditionally these networks have been used for point-to-point distribution of audiovisual information. It is becoming obvious throughout Europe that the cable networks will increasingly challenge the public telecommunication operation in their traditional roles. World over, media and telecom companies are integrating. MCI and News corp. have had a strategic alliance for furthering their business together. This will be an emerging trend in India.

Conventional wisdom has it that programming is King, but I personally believe that in the near future, distribution is most likely to usurp this position. Worldwide cable business is rich in cash flows once the connectivity is achieved. Broadcasters across the globe are acquiring cable

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companies in order to ensure end consumer reach. It was with this philosophy, that Zee had invested in Satiable which I think will help Zee Network and also herald the Information Superhighway in India. But cable penetration across the globe varies from 35% - 60%. Cable has not been able to reach the remotest and far flung areas. Geographical borders confine cable operators. The solution for greater connectivity is direct to home (DTH). DTH vests power with the viewer. It respects the viewers individuality in terms of his mind set and life style. Encryption driven revenue from DTH is very profitable for the operator after it attains the critical mass. I am of the personal belief that both modes of distribution would co-habit symbiotically and help to open the market further. Cable networks, akin to newspapers would be mass based; while DTH, like magazines would look at niches.

But, distribution is merely the veins and arteries of the system - the heart remains the programming. In any competitive consumer industry, the distribution and packaging would merely entice the customer - the product quality would ensure repeat purchase. Similarly in broadcasting, distribution would merely ensure the presence of a channel into the viewers’ homes; but it is only programming which would ensure viewer ship.

Indian culture is largely an oral based one, where history is narrated rather than made. Myth and reality have been totally intertwined. Heroes are larger than life and good and evil are clearly demarcated.

The fact that fiction and fantasy are interwoven into the minds of the Indians, is borne out by the success of mythological serials and deification of stars who play the roles of pantheons.

In the initial years the game plan of ZEE TV was cost effective programming combined with penetration pricing to aid the process of selling the concept of satellite television by making this medium attractive to advertisers. By this strategy and the popularity of its programmers, ZEE TV continues to drive and define the satellite penetration. The competitors came but they mostly aped Zee’s programming genre and consequently a few of them are faceless.

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I feel that no channel can copy another’s success story. Every channel has to build its own character and have its own positioning in the programming matrix. The success of Zee Cinema has shown that today’s discerning vie wears are willing to pay a price for quality fare.

At this point, I would like to draw an analogy with the printing industry. In publishing, daily newspapers like The Times of India, Hindustan Times & Hindu cater to mass readership while magazines like Business India & Famine cater to niches. Both have their own reach advertisers. Similarly in broadcasting, niches will have to be developed and channels should be niche specific. With this logical format we had launched niche channels like Music Asia, Zee Education and Asian Sky Shop. The future belongs to those broadcasters who have grip over their programming niches and good knowledge of their viewers’ demographics. Till recently Television was called a “Onaway Street” and a threat was posed by imported (mainly Hollywood) programmers to the Indian and Asian cultures. It felt like a new kind of colonialism, by imposing western values on third world countries.

But no more TV programming is deeply rooted in local thoughts and ethos. Today programming made in India is being lapped up by the international community specially the NRI community world-wide. Programmes made in India will become major competitors in the global market.

Another aspect of future programming is co-production. Co-production of regional programmes between foreign production houses and local producers, between producers and suppliers of post production facilities; between producers and broadcasters, etc. This will open new floodgates of contracts and legal tie-ups. TV today is not an industry - it is an integral part of society. Television viewing constitutes the warp and woof of the social structure. People spend 4-5 hours of their time watching TV programmes. Comparatively, time spent on daily newspaper reading is only about 15-20 minutes.

Therefore any policy decision on broadcasting should be looked into from a holistic perspective of the national interest and social impact.

Hence some new policies must be incorporated in the national media policy. In the larger business and developmental interest of broadcasting, it should

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be positioned as an independent activity and not as a departmental activity of the Government of India.

In order to broadcast national pride & hon. our, satellite and private TV channels should be permitted to cover national events because they further the national cause. Media impacts the thinking of the people. Therefore a monopolistic control of various different media would yield disproportionate bargaining power, which may not be in the best interest of the nation. Therefore, certain guidelines should emerge on cross-media and foreign equity participation.

The future for broadcasting is enticing and challenging. We have merely surfed over the tidal wave of media opportunities; the cyclone follows. 

 On the television industry side, this annual growth rate is projected to be 22% and on the radio side it is projected to be at the rate of 28% over the next five years.

At present, there are 110 million TV households in India, out of which 70 million are cable and satellite homes and rest 40 million are served by the public broadcaster, i.e. Doordarshan. Similarly, there are 132 million radio

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sets in the country.

Media and Entertainment industry is one of the most flourishing sectors in India. The Indian Media and Entertainment industry grew from Rs 35,300 corers to Rs 43,700 crores during the year 2005-06. The liberalization of the media sector has opened up the gates of opportunities and growth. India is witnessing a revolution in this sector with the emergence of new technologies. Many companies are taking initiatives to set up digital theatres, multi-plexus, etc. India is emerging as a global destination for the Media and Entertainment players because of the following reasons:

Media BroadcastingIndian management control with the majority representatives on the Board as well as ChiefExecutive of the Company being resident Indians.

Media and Entertainment industry is one of the most flourishing sectors in India. TheIndian Media and Entertainment industry grew from Rs 35,300 corers to Rs 43,700 corersduring the year 2005-06. The liberalization of the media sector has opened up the gates ofopportunities and growth. India is witnessing a revolution in this sector with the emergenceof new

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technologies. Many companies are taking initiatives to set up digital theatres, multi-plexus, etc. India is emerging as a global destination for the Media And Entertainmentplayers because of the following reasons:The number of channels is increasing each day.

India is emerging as one of the world's largest markets for digital and mobile music.

Entry of private sector companies and increasing FDI and FII.

The concept of crossover movies and crossover audience is also gaining momentum.

The Indian Media and Entertainment industry is also making its presence felt in theglobal market with its movies and music.

India's large pool of creative skills and growing domestic market for animation andspecial effects industry.

Piracy and violation of intellectual property rights have posed a major threat to the Media And Entertainment companies worldwide. Lack of quality content has also become a major area of concern for the Media and Entertainment companies in India.In 1992, the Indian government led by P.V. Narsimha Rao started a series of economic reforms including the liberalization of the broadcasting industry, opening it up to cable television This led to an explosion in the Indian cable TV industry and saw the entry of many foreign players like Rupert Murdoch's Star TV Network, MTV and others.

Following the liberalization of the broadcasting industry, the Hong Kong -based Star TV Network introduced five major television channels into the Indian broadcasting space that had so far been monopolized by the Indian government.

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As per the TAM Annual Universe Update - 2010, India now has over 134 million households (out of 223 million) with television sets, of which over 103 million have access to Cable TV or Satellite TV, including 20 million households are DTH subscribers. In Urban India, 85% of all households have a TV and over 70% of all households have access to Satellite, Cable or DTH services. TV owning households have been growing at between 8-10%, while growth in Satellite/Cable homes exceeded 15% and DTH subscribers grew 28% over 2009.

It is also estimated that India now has over 500 TV channels covering all the main languages spoken in the nation.

UNDERSTANDING THE MEDIA CONSUMER

The TV industry in India is facing unprecedented structural and cyclical changes. The emergence of devices such as personal video recorders, the increasing penetration of fixed and mobile broadband and proliferation of multiple media platforms are giving viewers unlimited flexibility. Consumer behaviours are undergoing a dramatic shift towards time-shifted and on-demand content. A people in the society that receives the media messages. They should be fair and do their job well.

The impact of media on public psyche is very strong and direct. We often don’t have the time and perhaps character, to examine and x-ray the information furnished by the media which makes us dangerously susceptible to manipulation. Media has an enormous potential which unfortunately remains untapped and abused far more than it is being used. The need is to 'WATCH LITTLE AND THINK MORE.'

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OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

~ Understanding the history of Broadcast Industry.

~ Understanding the current scenario of Broadcast Industry.

~ Changes and revolution in the TV Industry.

~ Reasons for growth of Media Houses.

~ Penetration of Broadcast Industry (radio or TV) in local or regional areas.

~ Effect and influence of masses on the content of the broadcast industry and vice versa.

~ Understanding the consumer behavior towards the content of the Media Houses.

~ Understanding the operations of the Media Houses from the eyes of Sahara India TV Network.

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Sahara India Pariwar   is an Indian multi-

business conglomerate with diversified business interests that include financial services, housing finance, mutual funds, life insurance, city development, real estate activities, print and television media, film production, sports, information technology, health care, tourism, and hospitality and consumer products. It owns the New IPL team Pune Warrior India and also sponsors the Indian Cricket and Hockey teams.

Subrata Roy is the Managing worker and chairman of the $ 10 billion Sahara group.

Sahara India Pariwar success story began in 1978 starting organization with a modest scale of capital of only Rs 2000(USD 43).

He began his journey in 1978 when he founded Sahara in 1978 with 3 workers in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh as a small deposits Para-Banking business. Today the group has diversified into a giant business conglomerate with interests in housing, entertainment, media and aviation.

Sahara group is in entertainment and news television channels, a newspaper and claims to own some 33000 acres of real estate across India.

It also sponsors the Indian Cricket and Hockey teams and has moved into life insurance, housing, finance, consumer products, sportswear and health care.

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Sahara has come up with one of the most prestigious real estate projects in India namely AMBY VALLEY Project. The Project boasts some of the biggest name in Indian entertainment and sports arena as well as some former international Olympic medal winners as its Brand Ambassadors.

The story of Sahara India Pariwar is remarkable by any standard- a corporate fairy tale. In 1978, Subrata Roy a man from a humble family with 15 dependents founded a saving institution in Gorakhpur, a poor area in northern India. He had assets of $22.50, 3 coworkers and a single office. Today Sahara India Pariwar is India’s largest privately owned company with 32 subsidiaries. Its interests spans into finance, infrastructure, housing, tourisms, hospitality, media entertainment, consumer products, manufacturing, services and trading.

Sahara Group employs 910000 people more than any other Indian company apart from the state owned Indian Railway- has assets of $5.68 billion and 1707 offices. Financial Services are Sahara biggest division and flag bearer: one in every 17 Indian deposits money with the organization, providing a customer base of more than 64 million people. Roy enjoys his success and is reputed to be a high living man, but he has a social conscience (25 percent of Sahara Profits goes to Social Development Activities) and styles himself as the “guardian of the world’s largest family”.

Sahara Corporate Philosophy is based on social accountability and desired as “collective materialism” the material aspect of life comes second to collective sharing and caring. Emotion comes before economics, principles before profit, and values before wealth, country before religion and conscience before corporation. Shareholders, directors and partners are drawn from the “workers rank” and swear an oath through a notary that neither they nor their family members can ever share the profits or the assets of the company. Roy is known as the “chairman and managing workers”.

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Some say the company has a cult and Roy charisma would seem to play a large part in its success. The scale of the organization is mind boggling.

Subrata Roy is famous for his flamboyant lifestyle. He is named among the 50 Most Powerful People of India in the reputed magazine India Today. He is the Richest Bengali in India after Amar Bose, founder of Bose Corporation, USA. His residence is in Lucknow, UP, India. Sahara India Pariwar is today the largest first generation conglomerate of India. The group is diversified into the fields of financial services, housing finance, mutual funds, life insurance, city development, real estate activities, print and television media, film production, sports, Power, information technology, health care, tourism, hospitality and consumer products. He was termed by the Time magazine as ‘the second largest employer in India after the Indian Railways’.

As per the leading Indian magazine he is one of the top ten highly influential individual in India. Subrata Roy Sahara or (Sahara Shri) as he is known in business circles, has built an estimated $10.87 billion Sahara India Pariwar empire which is undoubtedly one of the biggest success stories in Indian business in recent years.

To his due credit, from just a small fledging firm in an even smaller UP town, Subrata Roy Sahara has single handedly created a behemoth of a multi-billion dollar empire, though one that still does not allow transparency in publicly stating financial figures or performance indicators. Perhaps what initially drove this organization to the forefront of capital mobilization and of course, media attention, has been Subrata focus on ensuring community fund mobilization through mass marketing apart from Subrata personal obvious drifts towards political power plays. A definitely strong strategic move on his part was to later on invest in diversified business spaces like airlines and media channels.

The Shri factor notwithstanding, this Roy has succeeded in etching his place within the mentions of Indian Corporate History.

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OBJECTIVE OF THE COMPANY

MISSION:

I. Customer service of highest order.

II. Value for money for customer.

III. Professionalism in carrying out business.

IV. Innovative products to cater different needs of different customers.

V. Use of technology to improve service standard.

VISION:

To be a leader and quality is our essence. Consequently in this run for quality, quantity has always us and we look forward to reaching the zenith affirm the commitment of sound nation building.

COMMITMENT:

We chase quality, quantity chases us.

VALUES:

I. Professionalism

II. Innovation

III. Team Spirit

IV. Pragmatism

V. Integrity

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STRATERGY:

I. To achieve a top 5 market position in India through a multi-distribution, multi- product platform.

II. To leverage Sahara local knowledge, infrastructure and customer base.

III. To deliver high levels of shareholders returns.

IV. To build long term value with our business partners by enhancing the proposition to their customers.

V. To be the employer of choice to attract and retain the best talent in India.

VI. To be recognized as being close and qualified by our customers.

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OVERVIEW OF COMPANY AND ITS CHAIRMAN:-

SAHARA INDIA PARIWAR

SUBRATA ROY

TYPE: Public BORN: June 10 1948(Araria Bihar)

INDUSTRY: Conglomerate RESIDENCE: Lucknow

FOUNDED: Gorakhpur(1975) NATIONALITY: Indian

FOUNDER: Subrata Roy ETHNICITY: Bengali

HEADQUATERS: Lucknow CITIZENSHIP: Indian

KEY PEOPLE: Subrata Roy(chairman)

OCCUPATION: Chairman of Sahara India Pariwar

PRODUCTS: Finance

Real Estate

Media & Entertainment

Tourism & Hospitality

Services & Trading

SPOUSE: Swapna Roy

CHILDREN: Susanto Roy & Seemanto Roy

WEBSITE: Sahara.in YEARS ACTIVE: 1948-Present

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BUSINESS ACTIVITIES

Life Insurance

Housing Finance

Mutual Fund

Movie channel

Cinema Production

Cinema halls

Special effects studio

Film city

National News Channel

Regional News Channel

English Weekly

Urdu Weekly

Urdu Daily

Hindi Daily

News Section

Entertainment channel

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FINANCE:

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INFRASTRUCTURE AND HOUSING:

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GROSVENOR HOUSE, LONDON

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CONSUMER PRODUCTS:

Offering a range of Consumer Products under three categories - Sahara Select, Sahara Care & Sahara Sports.

 1. Sahara Select - Fashion & Lifestyle Products     2. Sahara Care - Daily Need Products     3. Sahara Sports - Fitness & Leisure Products

SAHARA SELECT

Personal & Beauty CareHome CareClothingJewellery & WatchesAccessoriesHome DecorHousewareHome FurnishingsKids ProductsFurniture

SAHARA CARE

Personal & Beauty CareHome CareFood items

SAHARA SPORTSSports WearSports Accessories

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MANUFACTURING:

ARARIA JUTE PROJECT

Is engaged in creating self- employment to bring forth socio-economic development of the people of Araria, through its training-cum-R&D centre and produces eco-friendly, biodegradable top export quality diversified jute products e.g. Blankets, Carpets, Floor covering, Handicrafts, Jute Chappals etc. and successfully creating high demands both in Domestic and International Market.

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MASTERCRAFT PROMOTION

Top of the line International Retail Store Chain offering luxury lifestyle products, handmade by master crafters to perfection. Catering to high end customers, the product line includes apparel for Women, Home Furnishings, Silk Carpets and Rugs, Fashion Accessories, Jewellery of Gold & Silver, Precious Stones and Artificial Jewellery , Chandeliers, Marble, Wooden, Stone and Art Metalware Masterpieces and Leather Products and much more. Stores to come up in London, New York, Los Angeles, Melbourne, Dubai, Mumbai and Delhi.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY:

SAHARA NEXT: Providing IT Services, Outsourcing, Web Media and Mobile Interactivity & Application Solutions.

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MEDIA & ENTERTAINMENT:

ENTERTAINMENT CHANNEL

Sahara TV was launched in 2000 as a 24-hour Hindi entertainment channel. On 10th October 2004, the Channel became Sahara

One. Sahara One Television is part of the umbrella brand Sahara One Media and

Entertainment Ltd.

MOVIE CHANNEL:

FILMY, Sahara One Media and Entertainment Limited's second channel after Sahara One, was launched on February 12, 2006. It delivers the biggest Bollywood blockbusters, spiced up with a dash of fun and Satirical original

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content. FILMY shows four a mix of movies – hindi as well as hollywood dubbed films but primarily it shows hindi films across all genres everyday.

CINEMA PRODUCTION:

Sahara Motion Pictures is India’s biggest motion pictures production company. Sahara Motion Pictures is producing quality movies and undertaking distribution and marketing such films that are appealing to the masses Some of the most respected banners of Indian Cinema associated with Sahara Motion Pictures are BSK Films, Ram Gopal Varma’s Varma Corp, K Sera Sera, Nitin Manmohan’s Fourth Wall Productions and Percept Picture Company among others. Some of Sahara Motion Pictures’ recent success films include the critically acclaimed Ab Tak Chappan, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose – The Forgotten Hero, the internationally successful Bewafaa, Bollywood's first commercial success of 2005, Page 3, Sarkaar and No Entry.

Sahara Motion Pictures is managed by the Sahara India Entertainment Management Company Limited (SIEMCL), whose other businesses include the popular General Entertainment C&S Channel Sahara One Television.

Films released by Sahara Motion Pictures: Phir Milenge Page 3

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Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose – The Forgotton Hero

Sarkaar

Bewafaa

Dil Mange More

Jo Bole So Nihal

Ab Tak Chhappan

Mumbai Express

Inteqaam

Vaastu Shastra

Naach

Yahaan

No Entry

Pyar Mein Twist

Hanumaan (Hindi & English)

Home Delivery

My Wife’s Murder

MalaaMaal Weekly

Sacred Evil (Hindi & English)

James

Corporate

DOR

Katputtli

Sandwich

Mother Teresa

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Truck Of Dreams

Kaise Kahe

Strangers

EMI

My Name is Anthony Gonsalves

Wanted

Kaccha Limboo

CINEMA PRODUCTION:

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GEON is a digital visual effects and animation facility based in Mumbai, India. We offer a complete range of CGI services for domestic and international clients, with specific expertise in the design, development and delivery of visual effects for feature films. Our production services include rotoscopy, paint, composting, pre-visualization, set extension, environmental enhancement, animation and visual effects.

GEON production environment facilitative diverse pipelines including live action visual effects, character work, CG animation, creatures, crowd generation, modeling, lighting, environments, compositing and 3D particle effects. GEON’s end-to-end digital expertise equips filmmakers with the latest and most advanced tools and techniques for creative services and digital production.

CINEMA HALLS:

Developing largest chain of multiplexes in India Around 230x3 screens throughout the country along with an independent film distribution network.

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FILM CITY:

Sahara India Pariwar is creating a Film City to provide filmmakers with everything they need to make films, television software and commercials of the highest standard. The existing infrastructure of the Film City will be renovated and equipped with the most modern and latest technology. The Production House will offer clients facilities and services that would be second to none. It will then rightly be called as the Film City that is designed for the future.

PRINT MEDIA

Hindi Daily Newspaper Weekly English Magazine Weekly Urdu Magazine Urdu Daily Newspaper Monthly Urdu Magzine

ELECTRONIC MEDIA

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NATIONAL 24*7 HINDI NEWS REGIONAL 24*7 HINDI NEWS CHANNEL 24*7 URDU NEWS CHANNEL CHANNEL

WEB PORTAL

WWW.SAMAYLIVE.COM

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY“Research is a systematized effort to gain new knowledge”.

-Redman and Mory.

Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information (data) in order to increase our understanding of the phenomenon about which we are concerned or interested.

Objective of Research:

The purpose of research is to discover answers through the application of scientific procedures.

QUALITIES OF A GOOD RESEARCH:

• Systematic

• Logical

• Empirical

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• Replicable

• Creative

• Use of multiple methods

SCOPE / SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH:

RESEARCH FOR DECISION MAKING

o Throws light on risks and uncertainty.

o Identify alternative courses of action.

o Helps in economic use of resources.

o Helps in project identification.

o Solves investment problems.

o Solves pricing problems.

o Solves allocation problems.

o Solves decision making issues in HR.

o Solves various operational and planning problems of business

and industry.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

Descriptive vs Analytical Research :

Descriptive Research is a fact finding investigation which is aimed at describing the characteristics of individual, situation or a group (or) describing the state of affairs as it exists at present.

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Analytical Research is primarily concerned with testing hypothesis and specifying and interpreting relationships, by analyzing the facts or information already available.

Quantitative vs Qualitative Research :

Quantitative Research is employed for measuring the quantity or amount of a particular phenomenon by the use of statistical analysis.

Qualitative Research is a non-quantitative type of analysis which is aimed at finding out the quality of a particular phenomenon.

Conceptual vs Empirical Research :

Conceptual Research is generally used by philosophers and thinkers to develop new concepts or to reinterpret existing ones.

Empirical Research is a data based research which depends on experience or observation alone. It is aimed at coming up with conclusions without due regard for system and theory.

RESEARCH PROCESS FOLLOWED IN ORGANISATION

The research process followed in the News Network is basically conceptual research because in the presence of infinite channels, broadcasting almost same sort of news or content, have to become creative and analytical in conceptualizing each program or package run by them. Apart from the telecast of national or local news they have to create shows based on the thought of infotainment to deliver information and entertainment, hence it becomes mandatory for the TV industry to become

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creative and explore unique ideas and for that conceptual research of new shows and programs becomes important.

Experimental Research – is another sort of a research followed in Media houses, a lot of unique ideas needs to be generated hence experimental research becomes an integral part of the organization. Tried and tested formulas cannot be adopted again and again in media houses operations. As the trends and tastes changes so does the content and packaging of the shows therefore channels and media houses keep itself updated and repackage itself with the passage of time to be in the eyes of the audience and to be effective in the competitive race of the Media Houses.

INTRODUCTION TO THE

INDUSTRY

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This project was taken under Sahara India TV Network. I was working in the Electronic Media of Sahara News Network. I joined as an internee in the INPUT DEPARTMENT at the ASSIGNMENT DESK of the REGIONAL NEWS CHANNEL.

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In the ELECTRONIC MEDIA INDUSTRY Sahara News Network is composed :-

1 National 24*7 Hindi News Channel

5 Regional 24*7 Hindi News Channels

1 Urdu 24*7 News Channel

SAMAY- National News Channel

The journey in electronic media started with the emergence Sahara Samay Network’ as a news network of reach and repute.

Sahara Samay is a Free-To-Air, Hindi News Channel. A News Channel that devotes to logical conclusion of the News and Current Events. Sahara Samay decides to become the voice of the people in every sense of the world.

Sahara Samay Rashtriya’ becomes 'Samay’ to re-dedicate itself with renewed energy and commitment to the news consumer.

The totally revamped 24x7 offering builds an unflinching relationship with the viewer with the promise that it is there for the viewer ‘Har Jagah Har Samay’.

The innovative programming mix puts unmatched value on credibility and objectivity, the key differentiator being the choice of stories and the seriousness of the issues involved that are highlighted through branded shows across the news cycle. In addition, comprehensive news coverage, doubled up with a wide reach and network, means that 'Samay' reaches out to a wide section of markets previously untouched.

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REGIONAL NEWS CHANNEL

UTTAR PRADESH/ UTTRAKHAND

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MADHYA PRADESH/ BIHAR/ JHARKHAND NCR/

CHATTISGARH HARYANA/RAJASTHAN

MUMBAI

SAHARA SAMAY CITY- CENTRIC

With the aim of tapping the power of local news coverage, Sahara Samay launched a bouquet of city centric regional news channels that provide in-depth and exhaustive local coverage of news as they happen.

All the city centric channels are enjoying respectable viewership from their respective regions. It is not surprising considering the in-depth and

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responsible reporting that channels maintain while bringing news items that matter the most to the people.

Sahara Samay UP/UTTRANCHAL

The Sahara Samay UP/Uttaranchal Channel was launched on the 28th March, 2003. It was the first attempt by any 24x7 News channel to cater to a regional viewership in the country. It did not take long for the channel to create a distinct niche in terms of viewership in the two states of Uttar Pradesh & Uttaranchal. The channel’s strength has been to provide in-depth regional content, aided by the latest of technologies.

With a wide network of reporters and 9 Bureaus in Allahabad, Meerut, Barely, Lucknow, Kanpur, Dehradun, Agra, Gorakhpur and Varanasi, spread across the two states, the channel has been at the forefront of news – political and socio-economic, emanating from the two states. The channel has taken a lead in raising people-oriented issues. This has in turn, created a strong bond between the channel and its target audience, making for some compulsive viewing for a large, discerning audience across both states.The channel also provides access to numerous advertisers and media planners, who want to communicate their products and services to some of the largest captive audiences within the vast market of Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal. In fact, some of the biggest brands in the country are already associated with the channel.

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Sahara Samay MP/CHATTISGARH

Sahara Samay MP/ Chhattisgarh is a 24 hours, free-to-air Hindi news channel from the bouquet of Sahara Samay. Launched on October 16, 2003, the channel has revoulutionised the concept of news boardcasting with its unique approach to showcase the regional news with a wider perspective.

Sahara Samay MP/Chhattisgarh, garnered accolade, the “Best News Channel Award” on June 17, 2006 at ‘Madhav Jyoti Alankaran Samaroh’

.

Sahara Samay MP/ Chhatisgarh’s role as a bold, independent and objective channel is increasingly being appreciated and applauded by viewers spread over both the states, with five Bureaus located in prime cities of the two states - Jabalpur, Gwalior, Indore, Bhopal and Raipur and over 150 reporters.

Sahara Samay BIHAR/JHARKHAND

Sahara Samay Bihar/Jharkhand is a Hindi regional news channel from the bouquet of Sahara Samay. Launched on January 14, 2005, the channel spans the widest spectrum of national and international news apart from every nook and corner of the two states.

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The channel provides quality and accurate news through its wide network of over two hundred correspondents. The channel has seven major bureaus located in Patna, Muzaffarpur, Gaya, Purnea, Bhagalpur, Ranchi and Jamshedpur manned by experienced reporters and equipped with state-of-the-art technologies for upto-the-minute live coverage.

Sahara Samay Bihar/Jharkhand is the only 24-hour regional news channel in the state. The USP of the channel is that it acts as the ‘voice of the people’ in the truest sense, by highlighting local issues and bringing it to the notice of the government nudging them towards a solution. It keeps the viewers of the two states updated with in-depth analysis of the events happening in and around Bihar and Jharkhand.

In addition to hard news in its entire depth and form, the channel reflects the aspirations of the people of the two states with an array of programs on entertainment, socio-economic, political & environmental issues.

Programs like ‘Sahara Vishesh’- which provides a comprehensive analysis of an issue ,‘Hathkadi’ which is a crime and investigation based program and has been getting encouraging response from a steadily growing audience and shows like MUDDA and MUHIM which raises some serious concerns regarding various socio-economic activities happening across the region.

Sahara Samay NCR

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Sahara Samay NCR (National Capital Region) is a 24 hours Hindi News channel, the fifth regional news channel from the bouquet of Sahara Samay covering Delhi and NCR-centric news. Sahara Samay NCR aims to be a youthful and vibrant channel targeting students and women, besides the hardcore news buffs.

The channel programming covers the entire spectrum of genre with specific programs on lifestyle, fashion, food, shopping, health and fitness, sports, education, career and city issues, besides giving user-friendly information on traffic updates, city events and train and air timings among other things.

NCR is an integral part of Sahara Samay. The viewers can see the best of what is going in and around Delhi and NCR region.

The channel has built an understanding on the mindset and preferences of Delhi and NCR audience through rigorous research that is reflected in the programs it offers. Sahara Samay NCR is captivating the audience by distilling the essence of Delhi and NCR Region.

Samay MUMBAI

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Sahara Samay, the Hindi news channel from Sahara India Pariwar, has donned a new identity as Samay Mumbai. Sahara Samay Mumbai, the Mumbai city centric news channel.

In the recent past it has undergone a makeover of sorts. For one, the channel has dropped the word 'Sahara' from its branding, and will be known as Samay Mumbai.

Second, the channel has unleashed 22 new shows hosted by celebrities from all walks of life, focusing on the daily lives of Mumbaikars.

The Mumbai-oriented news channel has revamped its programming and introduced an element of entertainment in its content.

Shows would be across genres such as lifestyle, health and fitness, and so on. All these shows would be Mumbai centric, keeping in line with the core thought of ‘Take a stand Mumbai’.

URDU NEWS CHANNEL

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Sahara News Network today launched its Urdu news channel 'Aalami Sahara', that will braodcast news across 54 countries.

The company is a part of business conglomerate Sahara India, which publishes an Urdu daily 'Roznama Rashtriya Sahara', a weekly-magazine 'Aalami Sahara' and a monthly- tabloid 'Bazm-e-sahara'.

In India, there are more than nine crore people, who speak and understand Urdu so there is a huge market opportunity that the channel is looking to tap while presenting news to these viewers in their own language.

Besides India, this free to air channel is been broadcast in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and many other countries.

INFRASTRUCTURE

Sahara India TV Network is the biggest news network in the news industry business because it has the maximum national and regional news coverage along with a 24*7 Urdu news channel which has been launched recently.

Hence the infrastructure of the Sahara India TV Network is also very big. All the channels wheather National or Regional have their own studios,

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anchors , PCR, MCR, Editing rooms, feed ingest systems, assignment desks(input department), output department, reporters and stringers.

All the 8 channels of Sahara Samay are simultaneously uplinked through the Noida Station with MCPC mode ability.

The Infrastructure of Sahara Samay includes 7 news studios including a virtual studio, 18 OB/DSNG Vans/Flyaway Units, 25 leased lines, 50 bureaus, each installed with live broadcast VSAT connectivity. Further linked to 1600 VSAT newsgathering stations throughout the country, 150 AP-ENPS Highbrow Edit Workstations with voice-over capability allowing journalists Real-time access to input and output, 51 High-end Ikegami studio cameras, Vizrt 3-D Graphics with Real-time rendering engines for integrated on-air Real-time broadcast, 8 concurrent Ingest circuits for live VSAT feeds with multi-format possibility, Omnibus electronic news automation and lots more.

All the heads of the news channel and all the different sections of the news network, they all are located at one single place. Apart from that the other departments of the SAHARA NEWS NETWORK like the Marketing department, HR department, Production department they all are located at one single place hence makes SAHARA a huge organization.

NEWS FLOOR

I joined as an internee in the INPUT DEPARTMENT.

In a News Network there are basically two departments

INPUT DEPARTMENT

OUTPUT DEPARTMENT

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FFSF

NEWS FLOOR COMPOSITION

INPUT DEPARTMENT:

In Input Department all the RAW information/news is collected and that raw news is forwarded in the desk for detailed reporting or SCRIPTING so that it can be prepared according to the news format that can be broadcasted.

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FEED INGEST

PCRMCR

S EDITOROUTPUT

INPUT

II

STUDIO

Field reporters presented in various areas send news through e-mail, fax or if something urgent or BREAKING is there then call and provide news to the INPUT department of the news channel, that news provided by the reporters or stringers is then recorded in the ENPS system(ELECTRONIC NEWS PRODUCTION SYSTEM)

ENPS is the most refined, fast and reliable software used in the news network for news recording. In a day on an average 200 stories come from all over city either big or small ticker news all those stories are properly recorded and saved in the ENPS system.

ENPS is basically a News Gathering Storage System.

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In a day infinite number of stories come in the input department, it’s the job of the input department to understand the news properly and check whether that news is worthfull to be followed or a detailed news report can be prepared on it or not.

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COMPONENTS OF ENPS SYSTEM

ENPS DESKTOP OVERVIEW:

Once you are logged into Microsoft Windows, you can open ENPS by double-clickingthe ENPS icon on your desktop. The ENPS desktop is designed so that there arenever lost windows; everything you need to see is always in sight and easilyaccessible. The desktop consists of the List Window, Top Line Area, Two EditingWindows, various folders, and buttons, all of which are described below, and coveredin greater depth later in this guide.

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LIST WINDOW:

List Window on the left side of the ENPS system desktop displays the contents of a selected folder or the results of a briefing search. If we click on the wires folder, the list window displays incoming news wires.

Top Line Messages :

The rectangular box at the top of the ENPS screen displays what are called Top Line Messages.

It displays incoming message alerts from other users and urgent newswire stories.

The number to the right indicates the number of new items. There can be as many as50 message alerts and 50 urgent wires before the queue is full. When the queue is full, the oldest message alerts are removed from Top Line Messages when a newmessage or urgent wire arrives.

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WIRES FOLDER:

Click on the Wires folder to display incoming wires or select the Wires folder rover to display a menu where you can select wire categories and providers.

PERSONAL FOLDER:(MARK PETRUZZINI)

Your Personal Folder is your private storage area in ENPS. Other users cannotaccess information in your Personal Folder, but you can access it from wherever you are using ENPS on your network. You can save any ENPS item, including scripts, contacts, and Rundowns in your Personal Folder. Items in your Personal Folder will not be deleted unless you manually delete them.

GROUP FOLDER:(BNC TEST)

The third folder is your Group folder. Different users are part of different Groupsdepending on their location and responsibilities. Anything stored in the Group foldercan be accessed by other members of your group. If you are part of multiple Groups,you can access information in other Group folders using this folder’s rover. Items inGroup folders are automatically deleted after 30 days.

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CORPORATE FOLDER: (AP FOLDER)

The fourth folder is the corporate folder, which is useful for users who regularly work in more than one group. When you sign in, the corporate folder is labeled with the name of your organization. However, you can navigate to other areas by selecting corporate folder rover -Locations and selecting the folder you wish to view.

MY ENPS:

This feature is designed to give you a quick overview of important wire stories and a comprehensive look at local content. If this feature is enabled for your enterprise, you will be able to see the latest top news stories from your wire feeds and e-mail, today's Rundowns from your main work group, and more.

MEDIA CONTROL:

From the Media Control rover you can launch software applications such as theENPS Web Browser or control hardware such as video and audio editors using theMOS protocol. The functions available from the Media Control rover are set up byyour System Administrator. You can set any one of these functions to be loadedautomatically when you click on the Media Control icon. See the ENPS Advanced User’s Guide for information about how to use the MOS protocol.

BRIEFING:

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Briefing is used to search everything in the ENPS system. It will even searchdiscarded information in the Waste Bin. You can conduct either very broad or veryspecific searches. It is possible to search everything in ENPS with a single click orrefine a search based on item type, date, or other attributes.

PRINTING:

To print a script or a Rundown, drag its title from the List Window onto the Printericon. When the icon is highlighted with a white square, release the mouse button.You can also drag a script’s title tab or a highlighted block of text from an EditingWindow to the Printer icon. Click on the Printer icon to display configuration options, including line spacing, formatting, and the number of copies.

MESSAGING:

Use the Messaging icon to send certain items and messages to other users. You cansend scripts or blocks of text, but you cannot send Rundowns or NewsgatheringGrids.

WASTE BIN:

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Depending upon your access level, you can delete anything in ENPS except forwires. To delete an item, drag it to the Waste Bin and release the mouse button when a white square highlights the Waste Bin icon. Click the Waste Bin icon to display its contents.

The contents of the Waste Bin that you have discarded from your Personal Folderare private and cannot be viewed by other users. Items discarded from a group folder can be viewed and recovered by other members of the group. Items will normally remain in the Waste Bin for 10 days at which time they are permanently deleted from ENPS, although your System Administrator may change this value.

NEWS GATHERING GRID:

ENPS provides a standard layout for the Newsgathering Grid that can be customized by individual users as needed.

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A Newsgathering Grid, often called an Assignment Planner, is an overview of theday's prospective news stories. The Newsgathering Grid, like a Rundown, iscomposed of individual items. However, these items are significantly different fromscripts. Instead of purely textual material, Newsgathering Grid items consist of aseries of linked forms that will be filled in by desk staffers.

In addition, the Newsgathering Grid allows desk staffers—or anyone with the properpermissions—to drag and drop material into a line of the grid for assignment use.These "collections" may contain wire stories, notes, contacts, and even mediarelating to that story in the grid.

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NEWS GATHERING ITEMS:

SLUGScript sended by the reporters and stringers along with the visual byte, the

FTP is done for the visuals and the visuals are made ingested in the server and finally a title called as SLUG is provided which helps in recognizing and relocating the visuals of any particular script.

Example: ACCIDENT

LOCATION Place from where the script has come, place of incidence from where reporting is done.

REPORTER Name of the reporter or stringer.

FEED IDFTP is ingested in the server and an ID is provided along with SLUG.

Example: NITISH 1315

NITISH is the slug and 1315 is the ID of the slug NITISH

Now , NITISH 1315 will help in relocating the script from the ENPS system.

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FORMATFormat of the script can be in the form of VBT or PKG.

SUMMARY Brief summary in one or two lines about the matter.

IN TIME Time at which the script was received.

OUT TIME Time at which the entry of the details of the script is done.

BRIEFING:

Briefing lets you search for anything in ENPS, including Rundowns, scripts, media objects, and more. Briefings can be simple phrase searches or detailed queries with many conditions. You can search the archives of your Rundowns or you can configure ENPS to perform Forward Searches that will alert you when a new wire story matches your search criteria.

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Combinations of text and title searches can help to quickly narrow the scope of a search. You are able to refine your searches based on location, item type, and date and time parameters.

The Input departments makes contacts with all the reporters and stringers and collect all the news from them and do the detailed study regarding the scripts as which one to be sended to the output department for further scripting and which news should be used as only TICKER or for making of PACKAGES.

FEED INGESTFILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL: (FTP)

The FTP (FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL) is also done in the INPUT department.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet protocol for transmitting files between computers on the Internet. FTP is commonly used to transfer Web page files from their creator to the computer that acts as their server for everyone on the Internet.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a system through which videos are ingested in the server i.e. the video library of the channel.

The reporters do the shooting of the location of incidence with the bytes of the people on location those videos comes through an automatic default system into the computer then those videos are searched according to their location in their respective folders mentioned with the current date or slugs.

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OUTPUT DEPARTMENT

The raw news sended by the reporters is forwarded to the OUTPUT department where detailed research on that raw news is done along with visuals and bytes and extra added information and a script is prepared.

Any further developments regarding a report are collected and a script is created.

Output department employees are the one who are involved in the creative and presentation factor of the news.

In the output department scripting is done , where script is prepared in the packaged form.

All the raw news from the input department is forwarded to the output department where the employees go through the scripts and do the required amount of editing in the scripts so that it can be prepared for broadcasting.

EDITING ROOMIn the editing department all the editing of the visuals or editing of the FTP is done which has been already is ingested in the server so that it can be made finished visual product to be broadcasted with the news.

Usually the reporters collect the visuals and bytes of the people altogether and send it with the script of the incidence and the input department do the FTP and make those visuals ingested in the server or the video library of the channel then when the script is sended to the output department for further processing then visuals sended by the reporters is edited in the editing room where the editor decides after seeing the visuals that what part of the visuals to be used and what part of the visuals to be edited or discarded so that to make the visuals in a finished manner to be aired on the channel along with the report.

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PRODUCTION CONTROL ROOM

The production control room (PCR), also known as the "gallery" or Studio Control Room (SCR), is the place in a television studio in which the composition of the outgoing program takes place. Facilities in a PCR include:

Video Monitor: A video monitor, wall, with monitors for program, preview, VTRs, cameras, graphics and other video sources.

Vision Mixer: A vision mixer, a large control panel used to select the video sources to be seen on air and, in many cases, in any monitors on the set.

Audio mixing console: An audio mixing console and other audio equipment such as effects devices.

Character Generator: which creates the majority of the names and full screen graphics that are inserted into the program

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MASTER CONTROL ROOM

The master control room houses equipment that is too noisy or runs too hot for the production control room. It also makes sure that wire lengths and installation requirements keep within manageable lengths, since most high-quality wiring runs only between devices in this room.

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STUDIO

The studio floor is the actual stage on which the actions that will be recorded take place. A studio floor has the following characteristics and installations:

Decoration and/or sets. Cameras(sometimes one, usually several) on pedestals

Microphones

Lighting rigs and the associated controlling equipment.

several video monitors for visual feedback from the production control room

A small public address system for communication.

A glass window between production control room (PCR) and studio floor for direct visual contact is usually desired, but not always possible.

While a production is in progress, the following people work in the studio floor.

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The on-screen "talent" themselves, and any guests - the subjects of the show.

A Floor director or floor manager, who has overall charge of the studio area, and who relays timing and other information from the director.

One or more camera operators who operate the television cameras though in some instances these can also be operated from PCR using remote heads.

NEWS ROOM CYCLE

News Received from Reporter

Assignment Desk

Ticker (Flash / Breaking News)

Desk(Detailing / Scripting)

Feed Ingest(FTP)

Programming(Editing visuals)

Breaking News

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LIFE LINE OF NEWS CHANNEL: REPORTERS & STRINGERS

REPORTERS:

are those employees of the organization who are hired by the organization to cover all the events of the city, they are paid salary on monthly basis, they are basically the permanent reporters of the organization whose jobs are fixed and they do the reporting of all the events of the region.

STRINGERS:

Are the one who are paid according to the number of story provided by them.They are not the permanent reporters of the channel, they are the one who are paid according to their job. At the end of the month record of each stringer is checked and according to the number of stories done by him and the number of stories broadcasted by the channel he’s paid.

Everywhere it is not possible to have reporters so stringers are present who are the locals of that area and they keep an eye in all activities of the local city and whenever any event, accident happens in the city then immediately the report is sended about it to the assignment desk (input area) where fresh and raw news comes which is immediately sended for flash/ticker as BREAKING NEWS and later on the detailed report on that news is done by the output desk.

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INSIGHTS OF NEWS NETWORK

In a news network whenever any major breaking news happen or report of a big news comes then all of a sudden an extra hectic and chaotic environment happens in a news office because the main agenda of the channel is to be the first one to show the report on their channel before any other channel take advantage of time and becomes the first one to broadcast the news on their network.

Especially the regional channel have more burden to make the news provided to the viewers firstly before any other regional or national channel run on its network.

Bihar channel(regional) have their own competition from ETV, MAHUA, ZEE, INDIA channel, before any other channel cover the news Sahara Bihar will try to run in an extra fast speed to make the report BREAK first on their channel with good script, visuals and solid confirmation and get the maximum attention and impact of views in a firstly basis resulting high TRP in regional channels.

Sahara has total 7 channel :-

~Sahara Samay (national)

~Sahara Bihar / Jharkhand

~Sahara UP/Uttaranchal

~Sahara MP/Chhattisgarh

~Sahara NCR

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~Sahara Urdu

~Sahara Entertainment

All the channels have their own team of working.

~Their own reporters

~Their own stringers

~Their own input desk

~Their own output desk

~Their own PCR

~Their own MCR

~Their own studio

~Their own Anchors

This shows that Sahara India Network is a big organization in a news business as compared to other channels. Since other channels example: STAR, NDTV,IBN7, ZEE etc they mostly cover National News but Sahara network is one such organization which covers not only national news but gives equal or practically saying more emphasis to regional news.

Sahara News channel TRP is high for mostly of Regional channels as compared to National news channel. The national news channel TRP is less as compared to Regional news channel of Sahara. This reflects that people of the country are eagerly interested in knowing more for their regional heads happening and accidents than giving more emphasis to national channel. All regional channels of Sahara are a big source of earning and viewership for Sahara news network because for national news there are other good competitors like AAJ TAK, NDTV. IBN7, CNN , TIMES NOW but the

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added content and extra effort for local news is provided by Sahara regional channels.

Advertisement are provided more for regional channels of Sahara than national channel. Looking at the trend of popularity of regional channels other big National channel like Zee and Aaj takhas started their own regional channels, Aaj tak have their NCR channel, Zee has its own local channels, ETV has its own regional channel, MAHUA channel owned by famous boll wood filmmaker PRAKASH JHA is a regional channel of Bihar.

One thing I observed about the news industry is to become time efficient. Time management plays an important role in the broadcasting industry. It means as soon as the news comes into the channel the reporters have to react quickly on it. The input department which is the initial stage collect the news , do the required ftp of the visuals and immediately forward the script with SLUG- ID and the next desk i.e. output desk read and edit the script and quickly pick the good catchy lines in one line forms and soon with a good script form which can be broadcasted on TV is forwarded to be telecast so that it should become BREAKING NEWS from the Sahara Channel and no other channel before them telecast the same news and take the credit for it. This entire procedure has to be very quick and fast. The input desk and the following desk is form need to be extremely specialize in deciding which script should be forwarded first to be telecast on channel so that maximum attention of viewers be gained.

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RUNDOWN

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RUNDOWN :

The News Rundown is an organized listing of segments that will be used during Broadcast. It is the schedule for the entire shows to be run on the day. The rundown keeps on changing in every half an hour since so many news are there to cover.

Rundown defines the time slots for the news bulletin, comedy shows, entertainment shows, TV serials, sport shows and all other advertisement

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(break) slots in between shows. The rundown is basically created by the bulletin (broadcast) producer.

The contents of the News Rundown are:

~ Story name

~ Name of the reporter

~Format of the story

~ Who is going to read (name of anchor, reporter, and weather reporter)

~ Camera movement/video movement

~ How long the show is going to run

Rundown preparation is a management system as to understand at what time what program needs to be shown so that maximum viewership and TRP can be gained.

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PROGRAMMING HEAD

The person whose job is to be responsible for what television are broadcasted.

Programming head is the main authority that decides and gives ideas for new stories and scripts to be run on the channel and how those shows or package is going to be created is decided by him.

Example programming head decides that Sahara Bihar/Jharkhand channel has to create a special segment show for the RATAN KA RISTA that will be aired every day till the program is going to run on NDTV Imagine since Rattan belongs to Bihar so apart from National channel coverage, Bihar channel will also give extra coverage to the show and everyday a PACKAGED SCRIPT is going to be prepared by the Bihar channel.

The Programming head gives the creative ideas to the makers of the show, he will suggest some ideas for example what visuals of Rattan like early days of her carrier, his popular soap visuals which gave her name and fame , his family background to be included while making the package.

The makers of the show keeping in mind the ideas and instructions given by the programming head makes the package with the help of good script, visuals, songs, spicy and sarcastic comments so that the package should look interesting.

The script is then forwarded to the anchor who presents the show in his own style and manner.

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In Sahara News Network all the channels have to make their own DAY PLAN and TODAY NEWS.

DAY PLAN:

Day plan is a detailed information regarding what topics are going to be touched, on what important issues the script is going to be prepared and what new guests and shows are to be done in a day. Day plan is provided a day before, informing what important issues will be telecasted and the day is followed according to it.

The day plan is circulated to all the employees so that they do their work according to it and follow those news and reports more precisely and seriously so that the effective news broadcasting be done on channel which throws good impact on viewers.

TODAY NEWS:

All the news, reports and scripts that comes throughout the day is recorded in Today News. The systematic manner of recording of all the arrived news helps the desk employees of not missing any single story of any reporter.

Today News is the reflection of the happening of the day.

It is mandatory for all the channels whether national or regional to prepare a Today News.

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PHONO & SIM

PHONO:

Phono means when on LIVE a reporter is taken for its views through phone on any particular topic. Its is often seen that the anchor take live views of the reporter from the location. In phono we cannot see the face of the reporter, it is only his voice can be heard live. So whenever the anchor says that our reporter is there live to give his thoughts at that time the reporter is made connected to the anchor through Phono .

In PHONO no live viewing of the reporter .

SIM:

In SIM we can see the reporter also live and can listen his thoughts on any topic. Through SIM the reporter is connected to the anchor at the studio and the anchor along with the viewer can see the reporter when questions are asked from him.

In SIM live viewing of the reporter is possible.

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MARKETING DEPARTMENT

Marketing department of Sahara News Network is composed with 3 types of advertising:

Corporate Advertising

Government Advertising

Retail Advertising

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CORPORATE ADVERTISINGAdvertising that is more about public relations than sales promotion. Its objective is to build a firms corporate image.

Corporate branding is the practice of using a company's name as a product brand name. It is an attempt to use corporate brand equity to create product brand recognition.

It is a type of family branding or umbrella brand.

Sahara for example includes the word Sahara in the name of many of its products.

Example: Sahara is associated with TEAM INDIA(cricket) and is the official sponsor of Team India.

Corporate advertising of Sahara by being the official sponsor for cricket and hockey teams helps the Sahara Network to get advertisement of big companies. Corporate advertising helps to achieve big ads of big companies whose deals are very major.

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GOVERNMENT ADVERTISING

Government advertisements are the advertisement placed by the state or central government in regards to social welfare and development of the society. Advertisements of such products which generate social and economic benefits for the society. Contracts of government advertisements are major and very costly, huge amount of investment is done by the government (state or central) for promoting their product or motive through television marketing.

Analysis of Government Advertising on TV during January-April 2011

Key Findings:

A huge 2.5 times jump in Government advertising during January-April 2011 over January-April 2010.

'Rural Development' advertising had the highest growth in January-August 2011compared to January-April 2010

'Health Awareness' garnered the highest 27 per cent share closely followed by 'Health/Family Welfare' with 26 per cent share during January-April 2011

Government advertising skewed towards regional channels; regional GEC garnered the maximum share of Government advertising during January-April 2011

'National Rural Health Mission' the most advertised brand on TV in January-April 2011

Maximum usage of 30 second commercials by Government.

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Share of Type of Government advertising on TV during January-April 2011

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STATE WISE SHARE OF GOVERNMENT ADVERTISING ON TV, IN JANUARY-APRIL 2011

TOP 10 BRANDS USED IN GOVERNMENT ADVERTISING ON TV IN JANUARY-APRIL 2011

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RETAIL ADVERTISEMENT

 Advertising that promotes local companies and merchandisers' goods and services. This is also referred to as Local Advertising.

Retail advertisement of Sahara:

For small-time local retail advertisers who do not know how to air their product commercials on TV channels, Sahara’s news channel company has thought of a way out. Sahara Media & Entertainment Network has offered to make advertising films for local retailers and other small advertisers who may want to put their campaigns on Sahara channels.

The advertising rates are worked out in the form of a package including the cost of the ad film. That is the USP of all the regional language channels.

 Sahara’s news channels are eyeing the estimated Rs 3,500-crore local advertising market, that is, campaigns that are aimed at a locality or a city. The figure includes the advertising that goes into print, radio, cable TV and outdoor among others.

Advertising industry estimates suggest that today, local advertisers spend close to Rs 500 crore on local cable TV channels. With its news channels, Sahara expects to tap into this kitty as well as woo advertisers from the print media.

Sahara Samay acquires ad management software to tap retail advertisers:The channel will be running these pop-up commercials with the new software in its news bulletins in a fortnight's time, this solution enables a channel to make effective use of the screen area to display advertisements even when a news programme is on air. "This would help the broadcaster accommodate requests for advertisements outside prime-time slots and increase revenue streams substantially. The solution has given an opportunity for retail advertisers to advertise effectively and innovatively at lower rate. It's a win-win situation for the advertisers as well as for the channel.

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SWOT ANAYALIS OF SAHARA MEDIA NETWORK

STRENGTHS: Major Bollywood players has entered small screen through Sahara

One.

It belongs to Sahara group.

It got amazing local reach.

It’s got 40 channels.

Latest technology is used by the channel along with that it offers wide variety of solutions including some very creative ones.

Has 9 channels.

Wide plethora of programs.

Viewership segmentation.

There is a strong expertise of broadcasters in core areas and also there is heavy competition especially in regional channels which is a sign of prosperity.

WEAKNESSES: Major concentration is on news broadcasting.

Soaps are not available to catch the attention of viewers.

Despite mass reach, mass appeal has been lost over a period of time.

Has failed to deliver on advertising front.

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OPPORTUNITIES: They can work on creating better market share among News

channels.

Better marketing strategies should be employed.

Increasing number of channels.

Well awareness through broadcasting.

They need to improve on viewership.

Need to develop interest among masses.

Can enter into kiddies zone

THREATS:

Wider network relays city news.

It’s very localized channel.

National level performance has not been up to the mark.

TRP ratings have been going down.

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STRATERGISE OF SAHARA MEDIA NETWORK

Has collaborated with Percept.

Star-led shows.

Concept of umbrella brand.

Daily soaps and weekend shows.

Better marketing strategies.

Conducting a repackaging exercise.

Multi-channel strategy.

Main focus is on the strengths where yielding returns is faster.

Rejuvenation process has begun.

Conducted a repackaging exercise.

LEARNING AND INSIGHTS OF THE PROJECT

It was a great opportunity to work as summer trainees in the desired areas and organizations to learn from practical industry exposure of work that helped to understand the various operations of the News Industry and further helped me to analyze the future of broadcasting industry and understanding the media consumers. My learning while working in this project is enormous, while working on this project my thoughts were cleared regarding:

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The operations of the Media houses, especially in a News Channel.

The history and current scenario in the broadcast industry in India.

Reasons of growth in channels in India.

Penetration of the TV industry in the unexplored areas.

Increased competition in the regional channels and growth in the local news channels by reputed channel networks like zee, Aaj Tak, Sahara News Network.

Massive technical up gradation in the Broadcasting Industry. This phase brings along many opportunities for various players.

Increases Regulation of the government on the content of the channels.

High employment opportunities in the Broadcast Industry.

SWOT Analysis of the Broadcast Industry.

Consumer behaviours are undergoing a dramatic shift towards time-shifted and on-demand content. A key consequence of these behavioural changes has been the impact on TV advertising revenues.

CONCLUSIONS

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India’s growing broadcasting business is mostly focused on the domestic market and is dominated by foreign companies. Having said that, these foreign companies are mostly focused on capturing a larger pie of the Rs 3,000 crore-plus advertising/subscription market. From their perspective, this might make good business sense but from the larger Indian view, it could be considered inward-looking. If India is to share her neoteric forms of entertainment, it needs a strong local industry that is also outward-looking. A change in the regulatory framework for broadcasting companies would be the first in the many steps necessary to make this happen.

Broadly speaking, there are two types of companies, foreign and local that currently operates in India. A foreign company is one that receives revenues in dollars directly from the advertiser or through its Indian agent company Star TV, Zee Telefilms Limited, BBC, HBO, Ten Sports are some examples. A local company is one that runs its operations as a full-fledged business, meaning its profit and loss account reflects income from advertising/collection of subscriptions and expenses towards programming, administrative and distribution. NDTV, Sahara and Alpha are some examples.

I believe a broadcasting policy should be simple and transparent for investors and consumers alike and should create a level playing field for all players. All broadcasting companies must certainly not be painted with the same brush. Instead, policy should be based on nature of content. The policy must promote competition, diverse viewpoints and localism in broadcasting services.

The broadcasting business in India may be classified into three broad categories — entertainment, news and sports. Having segmented the market,

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I would like to suggest a policy framework for each one of them. To begin with the key guidelines for channels that primarily beams India-based content.

In a vibrant democracy as ours, no news channel must dominate the market in a manner that the public is not exposed to multiple viewpoints. The purpose of these suggestions is to provoke thought within the government and broadcasting industry alike to frame a broadcasting policy that is in tune with the dynamics of the 21st century. 

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BIBLOGRAPHY

References:

Websites:

www.sahara.in

www.mediabroadcasting.com

Books:

The business of broadcasting.

This thing called broadcasting.

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