How does using natural resources affect the environment?

CHAPTER 6: LESSON 3:

ResourceIs a material found in nature and

used by living things.

Example:1) Plants2) Animals (for food)3) Air4) Water (from lakes, rivers and

underground)5) Rocks6) Oil (underground)7) Salt

Resources can be divided into 3 types.

Renewable resources

Reusable resources

Non-Renewable resourcesAre resources

that can be replaced during

a human life.Example:

PlantsAnimals

Sun’s energy

Are resources that cannot be replaced during

a human life.Example:

CoalSoil

Metals

Are resources that can be used

over and over again.

Example:Air

Water

Renewable resources

Non-renewable resources

Coal Petrol

Soil- Soil is a very important resource.- Without soil plants will not grow.- Many animals wouldn’t have places to live.

Soil is a mixture of many things.

Water Air

Tiny pieces of rock

Humus

PART OF SOIL THAT IS MADE UP OF PARTS

OF DEAD PLANTS AND

ANIMALS.

Humus

Types of soil -Soil can have

different colors. -Soil can have

different sizes of rocks (grains)

Clay soil Silt soil Sand soil

Types of soil

Properties

Size of particles

Sticky Smooth Gritty (coarse)Feel

(When wet)

Not much air space Some air space Lots of air space Air space

Does not pass(Stays wet) Stays a while

Passes fast(Dry fast) Water

Is a mixture of sand soil, silt soil, clay soil and humus.

Loam soil

Loam soil is the best soil for growing crops.

Solid, natural material formed from non-living things.

Minerals

Gold Diamond Graphite

Example:

Examples of some minerals and their uses

are:a) Diamond

- It is very hard (used to cut steel)

- Used for jewelry.

b) Gold

- Used for jewelry (shiny).

c) Graphite

- It is dull, dark and soft.- Used in pencils for writing.

d) Quartz

- Used to make glass.

e) Hematite

- Used to make iron used in buildings.

f) Halite

- To make salt for food.

g) Copper

- To make electrical wires.

In nature

Minerals can be found:

Ex. Iron can be found in a rock called ore.

But:Steel is combination of iron

and carbon (made by people)

So, it is not a mineral

Properties of minerals

1) Colour

3) hardnes

s

4) Luster

2) Streak

1 )Colour(Not a good way to identify minerals

because some minerals have different colors.

Example: QuartzCan be pink, purple, white, clear or

even black )

2 )StreakColor of the powder left behind when a

mineral is rubbed against a rough surface 

3 )Hardness

(Mohs scale)Copper

Talc Quartz Diamond

4 )Luster(The way the mineral reflects light

from its surface)

Luster can be 2 types.

Metallic luster(Shiny)

Non-Metallic luster

(Dull)

Metallic luster(Shiny)

Non-Metallic luster

Rocks are put into groups according to how they are

formed (made)

Types of rocks

1) Igneous rocks

2) Sedimenta

ryrocks

3) Metamorphi

c rocks

Igneous rocks2- Formed when rocks melt and then cool.

1) Sedimentary rocks are pushed under the earth crust where heat and pressure turns them to magma.

2) Magma comes out of a volcano and cools to form Igneous rocks.

IfIgneous rocks cool

down quickly

Look like glassExample:Obsidian

Igneous rocks cools down slowly

Has large grainsExample:

Granite

Sedimentary rocks

1

- Formed when materials settle into layers. Example:

Sandstone Limestone

Wind and water break the rocks into small pieces.

Wind and water carries bits of rock and soil

away.

Bits of rock and soil settle into layers.

After a long time, layers harden into rocks.

Metamorphic rocks

3- Rocks formed due to high pressure and temperature.

Uses of some rocks1) Slate

- Rocks formed due to high pressure and temperature.

- Used for making roofing tiles as it splits easily in to thin sheets.

2) Marble

• Rocks formed due to high pressure and temperature.

• Used for making floor tiles and status are also made from marble as they have attractive colour and texture.

3) Granite

• Igneous rock .• Used for making steps and in building

schools as it is hard and impermeable so does not wear away easily.

4) Chalk

• Sedimentary rock .• Made from skeletons of tiny sea animals ,it

wears away easily so they are used to write on blackboards.

What causes an ecosystem (environment) to change?

Natural events People

Natural events

volcano

Natural events

Natural events

Hurricane

Natural events

Hurricane damages

Natural events

Drought

Natural events

Earthquake

Natural events

Earthquake

Natural events

Tsunami

Natural events

Swarms of locust

Natural events

Volcano Earthquake

Drought

Hurricane

Locust

Tsunami

What causes an ecosystem (environment)

to change?

Natural events People

People

Cutting down forests

Deforestation

People

Over population

When too many people live in an area

How many years does the oil takes to be formed?

Millions of years

Where is the oil found?Under the sea and under the

ground

People

Oil - slick

It harms birds, fish and other animals in the sea

People

Adding harmful things to the air, water or land

Pollution

Pollution

Cars and factories gives off gases which is harmful to breathe

Air pollution

Pollution

Dump wastes from homes and factories into ocean, lakes and rivers. Polluted

water kill plants and animals, they make people sick.

Water pollution

Pollution

Throw trash on the ground ( litter )

Land pollution

Resource pack page 107

What happens when ecosystem

change?Accommodation

Is the response to a change

What happens when ecosystem

change?Moving away

Not all animals accommodate ecosystem changes. Some must find new places to live in to find food, water and shelter.

What happens when ecosystem

change?Extinction

If an organism does not find its need after ecosystem changes, it will die. Sometimes a species can slowly disappear and

become extinct.

ConservationSaving resources by using them wisely

Reduce

Turn off the lights when you do not need them

Turn off TV when not watching it

Write on both sides of sheet

Close tap ( faucet ) while brushing teeth

Fix leaky toilets and faucet

Ride bike instead of a car

Use less of something

Reuse

Wash glass bottles and reuse them

Donate clothes and books so that other people uses them

Reuse old clothes as cleaning rags

Use plastic shopping bags as garbage bin

Buy rechargeable batteries to use

Use something again

Recycle

Recycle paper, plastic, glass and metal

Recycle paper to make newspaper, cards.

New product from old materials