By By

Dr. Oladokun Dr. Oladokun Sulaiman OlanrewajuSulaiman Olanrewaju

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING ORGANIZATION

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING ORGANIZATION ASSOCIATION Worldwide shipping practices are assisted

and influenced by various national and international organizations. Some of them are intergovernmental and others may be categories as private sector organizations depending upon elected honorary officers.

These organizations are undoubtedly making an increasing contribution towards the facilitation and development of international trade.

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING ORGANIZATION ASSOCIATION

IMO IMB OCIMF ISMA ICS ISF

ITF CENSA IMIF IACS UNCTAD

The convention establishing IMO (IMCO) was drafted by the UN Maritime Conference in 1948 and came into force in 1958. The name of the organization was changed to the International Maritime Organization on 22nd May 1982

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION (IMO)

One of the most active organization in the shipping field today.

Specialized agency of United Nations concerned with maritime safety and other maritime affairs.

Primarily concerned with shipping engaged in international trade.

IMO

MAIN OBJECTIVE Facilitate co-operation among

governments on technical matters affecting international shipping in order to achieve the highest practicable standards of maritime safety and efficiency navigation

ADVANTAGES Provided a forum in which representative

of all member countries can meet regularly to discuss matter of mutual interest

Provided an accepted machinery through which action can be taken to introduce, amend and implement legislation and other agreed international regulations, codes and standards

IMO COMMITTEES Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) Maritime Environment Protection

Committee (MEPC) Legal Committee Technical Co-operation Committee Facilitation Committee* Meets once every two years in

regular session

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME BUREAU (IMB) This bureau is a technical specialist arm

of the Paris based International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)

Formed in the early 1980’s Aim is to assist those who become

members or those who apply on-off basis, to prevent specific fraudulent activities and generally to contain fraud.

OIL COMPANIES’ INTERNATIONAL MARINE FORUM (OCIMF)

Formed in 1970 – public concern about oil pollution

Primary objective is the promotion and maintenance of safety standards at sea and during loading and discharging

Published a wide range of guides covering various operational techniques for maintaining safe operation and clean sea

INTERNATIONAL SHIP MANAGERS ASSOCIATION (ISMA)

Base in Cyprus, Founded in London in 1991 – Professional bringing together ship manager who subscribe to a Code of Standards – Quality Assurance (QA).

Code aims at standardizing quality assessment procedures and providing a common base from which members’ own methods and procedures can be adjusted to local conditions.

INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER of SHIPPING (ICS) Established in 1921. It gained its

current title in 1948. Its members are composed of

national ship owner's associations and shipping companies who together represent half of the world’s merchant tonnage.

INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING FEDERATION (ISF) The oldest international employer’s

federation for ship owners – 1909. Co-ordinating opposition to the increasing

threat of strike by European seafarers and dock labour.

1919 as a worldwide organization concerned with all matters relating to the employment and safety of merchant seaman.

INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT WORKERS FEDERATION (ITF)

Formed during the closing years of the last century as an international secretariat of transport unions all over the world.

Now has a membership of more than 400 trade unions from nearly 100 different countries and claim to represent more than four million transport workers

Thus quick to support any boycott.

COUNCIL of EUROPEAN and JAPANESE NATIONAL SHIPOWNERS ASSOCITION

(CENSA)

Formed as a result of an amalgamation in 1974 between the Committee of European National Shipowners Association and the Committee of European Shipowners.

Its membership comprises of the National Shipowners Association of twelve maritime nations. In addition, there are individual line members (including consortia) who trade to and from the United States

INTERNATIONAL MARITIME INDUSTRIES FORUM (IMIF) Formed in 1975, concerned about the

massive imbalance between supply and demand in the tanker sector.

Aims to re-establish and subsequently maintain a healthy commercial and financial climate, initially in the tanker sector

Cont -

IMIF Policies A determined policy of scrapping and an

end to speculative building. The development of scrap-yards for ships

and greater use of recycled ship scrap The need for higher international safety

and operating standards and the elimination of sub-standard ships through port state control and in other ways.

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES (IACS)

Formally established in 1968 It has Observer status at IMO. This is an

extremely important area for the Classification Societies involvement in developing international regulations

Its develops and publishes unified requirements, guidelines and interpretations covering major technical classification matters

UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE on TRADE and DEVELOPMENT (UNCTAD) and its shipping committee

Established by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1964 to help modify the traditional patterns of international trade so that developing countries would be able to play their part in world commerce

UNCTAD Main Aspects Liner conferences, a code of conduct and

various detailed aspects of line conference operation and pricing arrangements.

Multi-modal transport, I.e., where more than one mode of transport is involved in carrying goods

Ports, their development, adequacy and efficiency

Protection of Shipper interestsCont -

Development of Merchant Marines, especially from the standpoint of developing nations

Co-operation in merchant shipping Imbalance between supply and

demand The bulk trades, wet and dry Condition for registration of ships

FLAGS – CODE OF SIGNALS

ALPHABETICAL FLAGS

A

B

C

D

E

F

C

JG

H

I

K

L

P

QN

O R

M

SS

T

U

V

U

W

X

SSYY Z

NUMBERAL PENDANTS

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0

SUBSTITUTES

CODE & ANSWERING PENDANT

FIRST SUBSTITUTE SECOND SUBSTITUTE THRID SUBSTITUTE

Flags used in the International Code of Signals

B - I am taking in, or discharging, or carrying dangerous goods

D - Keep clear of me, I am manoeuvring with difficulty

E - I am altering my course to starboard

H - I have a pilot onboard

I - I am altering my course to port

M - My vessel is topped and making no headway through the water

S - My engine are going astern

Flags used in the International Flags used in the International Code of SignalsCode of Signals

Sample of two letter signals

AL - Accident has occurred, we have serious wounded

NC - Rescue us immediately, we are going to be

distress NQ - A fire breaks out in out

water YJ - we require fresh water

urgently

Sample of three-letter signals

WAY - Bon voyage. (I hope you complete your voyage in safety

OVJ - Thank your very much

ARI - We are stranded in our stern part

PSV - Tomorrow