3 environment strategy section 11-15 & appendix

8/6/2019 3 Environment Strategy Section 11-15 & Appendix

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Noise1111.1 Existing Environmental Aspects 60

11.1.1 Potential noise

sensitive receptors

11.2 Sources of Potential 60

Environmental Impact

11.2.1 Existing airport activities

11.2.2 Surrounding Land Use

11.2.3 Potential Impacts of Master

Plan Developments

11.3 Measures to Prevent, Control 60

or Reduce Environmental Impact

11.3.1 EMS

11.3.2 Inspections, audits and

investigations

11.3.3 Environmental Monitoring

11.3.4 Airport Noise Abatement

Consultative Committee

11.4 Objective and Targets 61

11.4.1 Objective

11.4.2 Achievements from last 5 years

11.4.3 Targets for next 5 years


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11.1 Existing EnvironmentalAspects

It is important to note in any discussion regarding noisemanagement at Gold Coast Airport that the Airports

(Environment Protection) Regulations (AEPR) do not applyto noise generated by aircraft while ying, landing, takingoff or taxiing. These matters are controlled under the

Commonwealth Air Services Act 1995. This environmentalstrategy therefore excludes matters relating to noiseresulting from aircraft operations other than ground

running.

11.1.1 Potential noise sensitivereceptors

Gold Coast Airport is bounded on the south by the

Cobaki Broadwater and on the south-west by naturalvegetation growing on coastal lowland. To the northand east, the airport is bounded by residential housing,

commercial developments and the Gold Coast Highway.Located to the west is a sewage treatment plant andrefuse dump.

The most signicant noise sensitive receptors are the

residential houses located to the north and east ofthe airport, where noise generated by the Gold CoastHighway is a signicant contributor to background noise

levels in the area.

11.2 Sources of PotentialEnvironmental Impact


Typical airport activities that have the potential to impacton noise generation:

Aircraft ground running operations, includingoperation of auxiliary power units and test-bed

running of an aircraft engine removed from theair frame

Aircraft maintenance

Vehicle maintenance, including car rentaloperations

Noise from stand-by generators

Pavement maintenance (eg rubber removal)


Gold Coast Airport has residential and industrialneighbours on all sides except the south-western

boundary, which backs onto the Cobaki Broadwater.GCALs surrounding neighbours include residents, fuelstations, a landll, sewage treatment plants, a hospital, a

quarry and the Pacic Motorway / Gold Coast highway.

Activities from surrounding land users which create

noise will be included in the background noise levelssurrounding the airport.

11.2.3 Potential Impacts of Master PlanDevelopments

The major developments planned for Gold Coast Airportare detailed in the GCAL Master Plan (2001). There arepotential impacts to noise if these developments are not

managed correctly.

During the construction phase, potential noise impactsmay include:

Increased truck and vehicle activity

Construction and demolition activity

During the operations phase, potential noise impacts mayinclude:

Increased aircraft and vehicle noise due to

increased movements

Increased noise from associated activities andoperations

Changed aircraft and vehicle noise locations dueto new operations and developments

11.3 Measures to Prevent, Controlor Reduce Environmental Impact

11.3.1 EMS

GCALs EMS has systems and procedures in place to

prevent, control or reduce potential environmentalimpacts. Refer to Section 3.0 EnvironmentalManagement System.

11.3.2 Inspections, audits andinvestigations

Informal, visual inspections are undertaken on a dailybasis by the GCAL Safety Ofcers, who assess the site for

safety, security and environmental issues. More formalinspections are undertaken, usually on a monthly basis,by the GCAL Environment Department and the AEO. The

AEO provides notication of any action items arising fromthese inspections.

Any environmental incidents are reported to GCALthrough the incident reporting system, and followed

up to prevent reoccurrence where possible. GCAL also

undertakes investigations of any reported, inappropriatenoise generation on the airport.


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GCALs environmental monitoring program is detailed in

Section 15.0 - Environmental Monitoring.

11.3.4 Airport Noise AbatementConsultative Committee

The Airport Noise Abatement Consultative Committee(ANACC) is facilitated by GCAL to enable residents tovoice their concerns about community issues regarding

airport noise, ight paths and airport activity, and to allowcommunity input into noise abatement procedures.

The ANACC is made up of ve community representativesfrom Queensland and ve from New South Wales. Their

role is to faithfully represent the views of the constituentsfrom their respective areas.

Other committee members include representativesfrom Air Services Australia, the Federal Department of

Transport and Regional Services, Qantas, Tweed ShireCouncil, local elected representatives and GCAL.

ANACC meetings are currently held quarterly.

11.4 Objective and Targets

11.4.1 Objective:To ensure noise management at the airport meets orexceeds applicable legislation, standards and guidelines,

as identied in GCALs Legal Register EMS DocumentNumber 6.0022 .

Additionally, noise impacts will be minimised throughresourceful management initiatives and in consultationwith relevant community groups (predominantly through

the Airport Noise Abatement Consultative Committee- ANACC).

11.4.2 Achievements from last 5 years:

Some signicant GCAL achievements in noisemanagement from the period of the 1999 EnvironmentStrategy include:

Development and implementation of EMS

procedures (see Section 3.0 - EMS)

Fly Neighbourly Policy

Instigation and ongoing implementation ofANACC meetings

Airport Environment Management Committeemeetings

Implementation of environmental incident

reporting and corrective action procedures

Reduction in noise complaints from 666 in 1999to 89 in 2003.

11.4.3 Targets for next 5 years:

For the next ve years, GCAL has set the following targets

for noise management (Table 15).

TARGET VERIFIED BY TARGET DATE RESPONSIBILITY

Ensure offensive noise does not occur fromspecied sources in excess of the levels set in

Schedule 4 of the Regulations

As required noisemonitoring results

As required GM Aviation

AEMC meetings conducted regularly andinclude noise issues as required

Meeting records As required EnvironmentManager

Timely investigation of any reported,

inappropriate noise generation

Documented

initial report andinvestigation

ndings

As required Environment

Manager

Table 15.0 GCAL Noise Management Targets


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Waste

Management1212.1 Existing Environmental Aspects 64




12.2.2 Solid Wastes

12.2.3 Liquid Wastes

12.2.4 Hazardous Wastes

12.2.5 Recyclable Wastes



Plan Developments



12.3.1 EMS


investigations



12.4.1 Objective




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Gold Coast Airport is Commonwealth land, and assuch, state legislation only applies in the absence of

relevant Federal legislation. Although not legally binding,Queensland legislation is used as a template for wastemanagement systems on the airport.

The Queensland Environment Protection Act 1994 says

that waste can be a gas, liquid, solid or energy, or anycombination of these. It denes waste as anything that is:

left over, or an unwanted by-product, from anindustrial, commercial, domestic or other activity,

or surplus to the industrial, commercial, domestic or

other activity generating the waste

The operations at Gold Coast Airport produce a wide

assortment of waste streams. Management of thesematerials on site is in compliance with the QueenslandEnvironment Protection (Waste Management) Policy

2000, the Airport Act 1996 and Airport (EnvironmentalProtection) Regulations 1997.

Waste management practices at the Gold Coast Airportshould have regard for the following Waste Management

Hierarchy, with waste management practices listed in thepreferred order of adoption:

Waste avoidance Waste re-use Waste recycling Energy recovery from waste

Waste disposal

The waste management hierarchy is a framework forprioritising waste management practices to achieve thebest environmental outcome. Currently, waste products

are managed separately by GCAL and the individualtenants. GCALs standard waste management practicesare detailed below, and may not be adhered to by all

tenants. The targets and objectives outlined in this sectionaim to bring about a co-ordinated waste management

system.


12.2.1 Existing Airport Activities

Airport activities create a wide variety of waste typeswhich can be divided into the following categories, as

further described below:

solid wastes

liquid wastes hazardous wastes

recyclables

12.2.2 Solid Wastes

The main solid waste streams generated on site include:

food packaging and food waste ofce waste including paper and cardboard

garden / green waste scrap metals from workshops plastic / glass

building demolition waste

General waste that is not suitable for recycling is to bedisposed in the general waste bin provided on site forcollection by a licensed waste collection operator. GCAL

contract a major waste management company to removestandard waste from the site. The contractor is required tomeet satisfactory standards through quality assurance and

comply with relevant legislation.

Information regarding the actual volumes and types ofsolid waste generated at the airport is collected by thewaste contractor. The current average volume of waste

collection from the airport is 110m3 per week.

No waste is currently being disposed of on site, howeveron site landlls have previously been operated by theairport. This issue has been further discussed in Section

4.0 - Land.

12.2.3 Liquid Wastes

Liquid wastes streams generated at the airport include:

domestic sewage

cleaning waters from washing of hangars andworkshop areas

cleaning water from vehicle and aircraft

washdown waste from commercial kitchens toilet waste from aircraft

terminal operations

All washdown water from the vehicle and aircraftwashdown bay - provided beside the general aviationarea - goes through a Clearmake oil/water separator

system, before being directed through a single-sumpinterceptor and nally to a Humeceptor, prior to release toCoolangatta Creek.

Domestic sewage, toilet waste from aircraft and wastefrom commercial kitchens all go directly to sewer. Tradewaste licences are held by all tenants releasing waste to

sewer.

12.2.4 Hazardous Wastes

Hazardous or regulated wastes generated at the airportinclude:

waste oil and fuel (if not recycled) oily rags used chemicals including solvents, thinners,

glycol, pesticides and insecticides


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solids from interceptor traps asbestos and waste building materials empty plastic and steel chemical drums eg from

poisons and paints batteries (if not recycled) oil lters (if not recycled)

Where regulated waste is removed off-site, the wastemust only be transported by an operator licensed underthe EP Act (1994) to transport regulated wastes. Where

regulated waste is removed off-site, the waste must onlybe transported to a facility licensed under the EP Act(1994) to accept, store, recycle or dispose of regulated

waste.

A ve docket waste tracking system has been introducedby the Queensland Environment Protection Agency to

facilitate uniformity in the waste tracking process. Thewaste tracking documentation is to be completed upondespatch of the waste off site.

No quarantine hazardous waste streams are handled bythe airport, however a quarantine box for fruit disposal

is located within the main terminal. All quarantine waste,including galley wastes from the airlines, are handled byAustralian Quarantine Inspection Services (AQIS).

12.2.5 Recyclable Wastes

Recyclable wastes at the airport include:

glass plastic

aluminium paper / cardboard waste oil

oil lters batteries tyres

Recyclable waste are placed in the appropriate recycling

bins or stored at known collection points in the GCALcompound. Large items for disposal which may have somere-use value are stockpiled until there is sufcient material

to warrant a truck load being taken to the GECKO recyclefacility located adjacent to the Tugun Soccer grounds,north of the airport.


Gold Coast Airport has residential and industrialneighbours on all sides excepting the south-western



The Tugun Landll Facility, located adjacent to the north-west boundary of Gold Coast Airport, is a major, potentialcontamination source. Firstly the landll is unlined

and secondly, previous investigations (GCAL. 1998),have indicated operations at the landll have caused

contamination as a result of leachate extracted from thetip overowing onto airport property.


The major developments planned for Gold Coast Airportare detailed in the GCAL Master Plan (2001). Any newdevelopments at the airport will be constructed and

operated in compliance with relevant legislation and sitestandards relating to waste management. Any new wastestreams that are produced on site will be assessed and

incorporated into the site waste management strategy.


12.3.1 EMS

GCALs EMS has systems and procedures in place toprevent, control or reduce potential environmental

impacts. Refer to Section 3.0 EnvironmentalManagement System.


investigationsInformal, visual inspections are undertaken on a dailybasis by the GCAL Safety Ofcers, who assess the site forsafety, security and environmental issues. More formal

inspections are undertaken, usually on a monthly basis,by the GCAL Environment Department and the AEO. TheAEO provides notication of any action items arising from

these inspections.

Any inappropriate waste handling, storage or disposal isreported to GCAL through the incident reporting system,and followed up to prevent reoccurrence where possible.

GCAL also undertakes investigations of any reported,

inappropriate waste management that occurs on theairport.


GCALs environmental monitoring program is detailed inSection 15.0 Environmental Monitoring.

65


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12.4.1 Objective:

To ensure compliance with applicable legislation,standards and guidelines, as identied in GCALs Legal

Register EMS Document Number 6.0022 (Appendix6.0).

Additionally, waste minimisation is encouraged throughresourceful management initiatives.


Some signicant GCAL achievements in waste

management from the period of the 1999 EnvironmentStrategy include:

Development and implementation of EMSprocedures (see Section 3.0 - EMS)

Implementation of Environmentally Sustainable

Development guidelines, particularly wastemanagement requirements during construction

Bunding of chemicals on site to AS:1940

Trade waste agreements in place with Gold CoastCity Council

Additional gross pollutant interceptors installed

at relevant locations



for waste management (Table 16):

66


Waste Audit to detail waste streams andcurrent disposal methods

Waste Audit Report December 2004 EnvironmentTechnician

Implementation of all viable

waste recycling programs

Annual AEO audit December 2006 Environment

Manager

Reduction of wasteto landll

Waste volumes fromcontractor

Reporting -December 2004,

Reduction -December 2008

SeniorManagement

Team

All waste to green landlls (eg lined, collectionof gases /leachate and reuse - where possible)

Waste contractorlandll records

December 2008 GM Finance &Administration

Quantify and report on variouswaste stream volumes

Monthly reports CommenceDecember 2005

then monthly

EnvironmentTechnician


inappropriate waste management

Documented

initial report andinvestigation ndings


Manager

Develop Total Waste Management

and Recycling Program

Program in place and

operational

December 2005 Manager Planning

and Engineering

Table 16.0 GCAL Waste Management Targets


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Hazardous

Materials1313.1 Existing Environmental Aspects 68




13.2.2 Fuel and Oil

13.2.3 Toxic and Hazardous

Chemical Storage

13.2.4 Asbestos



Plan Developments



13.3.1 EMS


investigations



13.4.1 Objective




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11/5269

and disposed of in accordance with relevant standards.Once the site has been tested free from asbestos, theirinclusion on the register is removed.


Gold Coast Airport has residential and industrialneighbours on all sides excepting the south-western



The surrounding land users store and handle a variety ofhazardous materials. The standard to which they controltheir hazardous materials is unknown, but is assumed to

be in compliance with local and state legislation.

Environmental impacts from hazardous materials causingland, surface water or groundwater contamination are

covered in Sections 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 respectively.


The major developments planned for Gold Coast Airport

are detailed in the GCAL Master Plan (2001). Any newdevelopments at the airport will be constructed and

operated in compliance with relevant legislation andstandards relating to hazardous materials storage andhandling.


13.3.1 EMS

GCALs EMS has systems and procedures in place toprevent, control or reduce potential environmentalimpacts. Refer to Section 3.0 Environmental

Management System.


Informal, visual inspections are undertaken on a daily

basis by the GCAL Safety Ofcers, who assess the site forsafety, security and environmental issues. More formalinspections are undertaken, usually on a monthly basis,

by the GCAL Environment Department and the AEO. TheAEO provides notication of any action items arising fromthese inspections.

Hazardous materials storage and handling issues are

reported to GCAL through the incident reporting system,and followed up to prevent reoccurrence where possible.GCAL also undertakes investigations of any inappropriate

hazardous material storage and/or handling.


GCALs environmental monitoring program is detailed in

Section 15.0 Environmental Monitoring.


12.4.1 Objective:

To ensure compliance with applicable legislation,standards and guidelines, as identied in GCALs Legal

Register EMS Document Number 6.0022.

Additionally, to minimise the use and impact of hazardousmaterials on site.


Some signicant GCAL achievements in surface watermanagement from the period of the 1999 EnvironmentStrategy include:

Development and implementation of EMS

procedures (see Section 3.0 - EMS) Implementation and upkeep of the Chemical

substance register

Implementation of Environmentally SustainableDevelopment guidelines, particularly regarding

management of hazardous substances Bunding of chemicals on site to AS:1940 Positioning of spill kits in relevant locations Implementation of spill response trailer and

procedures Implementation of environmental incident

reporting and corrective action procedures

Procedure for interceptor management, includingregular inspections and maintenance

Development of sampling program for JUHI

runoff water Re-development of the re training area to

include:

complete bunding of the major re trainingfacility installation of oil/water separation

equipment for drainage from the bundedarea

implementation of procedures and

recognised staff to operate oil/waterseparation equipment

back-up system for drainage to go to sewer



for hazardous materials management (Table 17.0 overpage):


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Table 17.0 GCAL Hazardous Materials Management Targets


Procedures for hazardous materialwaste management and disposal to

be implemented across site

Procedure andwaste tracking

documents

December 2005 SeniorManagement

Team

All construction, demolition and maintenancecontracts to have clauses relating to hazardous

material management

Contractconditions

December 2006 GM Development

Compliance with

AS1940

Annual audits by

AEO

Annually Environment

Manager

Integrity testing for all tenantand GCAL USTs every two years

(as a minimum)

Testing results Commenceimmediately then

every 2 years

EnvironmentManager

Update chemicalregister

Chemical registerreview date

Annually EnvironmentTechnician

Rationalise and minimise the numberof hazardous materials used on site

Chemical register December 2007 EnvironmentManager

No unauthorised disturbance

of asbestos sites

Work approvals As required Manager Planning

and Engineering

Implementation of new chemicalapproval forms for all chemicals on site

New chemicalforms

December 2006 EnvironmentManager

Specic spill response trainingfor selected staff

Training Records December 2005 Manager Planningand Engineering


inappropriate handlingor storage of hazardousmaterials

Documented

initial report andinvestigationndings


Manager

Annual Tenant

Audits

Audit Findings -

letter to tenants

Annually Environment

Manager

Develop program to implementenvironment friendly chemicals

ChemicalDatabase

December 2005(then annually)

EnvironmentManager

No new approvalsof underground

storage tanks

Developmentapprovals

Commenceimmediately then

ongoing

GM Development


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Resource

Usage1414.1 Existing Environmental Aspects 72





Plan Developments



14.3.1 EMS


investigations



14.4.1 Objective




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The consumption of natural resources as a result of airportactivities may impact the environment in a number of

ways.

Electricity and fuel consumption lead to anincrease in greenhouse gases, in addition to theactual consumption of our nite mineral reserves

Water usage depletes an already limited watersupply throughout the majority of Australia

Consumption of non-recyclable materials rstly

utilises these natural resources, and secondlyproduces a waste product whereby appropriatedisposal becomes a separate environmental issue.


14.2.1 Existing Airport Activities

Typical airport activities involving resource usage that havethe potential to impact on the environment include:

Aircraft movement

Lighting internal and external Airconditioning and heating of airport facilities

Petrol, diesel, LPG and oil consumption Consumption of natural materials and generation

of waste through normal operations

Water consumption through re ghting, gardenmaintenance, aircraft and vehicle washing,washroom and kitchen facilities

All other electricity usage


The major developments planned for Gold Coast Airport

are detailed in the GCAL Master Plan (2001). Thereare potential issues relating to resource usage if thesedevelopments are not managed correctly.

During the construction phase, potential resource usage

issues may include:

Increased greenhouse gas emissions throughincreased energy usage

Increased greenhouse gas emissions through

increased vehicle usage Depletion of water resources through increased

water usage

Improper waste management and recyclingleading to re-usable items being disposed as

waste Increased consumption of non-renewable

resources

During the operations phase, potential resource usageissues may include:

Increased greenhouse gas emissions throughincreased energy usage

Increased greenhouse gas emissions throughincreased vehicle usage

Depletion of water resources through increasedwater usage

Increased quantity of waste disposed

Increased consumption of non-renewableresources


14.3.1 EMS

GCALs EMS has systems and procedures in place toprevent, control or reduce potential environmental

impacts. Refer to Section 3.0 EnvironmentalManagement System.


Informal, visual inspections are undertaken on a daily

basis by the GCAL Safety Ofcers, who assess the site forsafety, security and environmental issues. More formal

inspections are undertaken, usually on a monthly basis,by the GCAL Environment Department and the AEO. TheAEO provides notication of any action items arising from

these inspections.

Hazardous materials storage and handling issues arereported to GCAL through the incident reporting system,and followed up to prevent reoccurrence where possible.

GCAL also undertakes investigations of any inappropriatehazardous material storage and/or handling.


GCALs environmental monitoring program is detailed inSection 15.0 Environmental Monitoring.


14.4.1 Objective:

To ensure compliance with applicable legislation,standards and guidelines, as identied in GCALs LegalRegister EMS Document Number 6.0022.

Additionally, to ensure natural resources are used

efciently and resource usage is minimised whereverpossible.

72


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Some signicant GCAL achievements in resource

management from the period of the 1999 EnvironmentStrategy include:


Installation of groundwater spear pump for

grounds maintenance activities Installation of Building Management System at

the GCAL operated terminal

GCAL became a signatory to the GreenhouseChallenge in 2003

GCAL awarded by Gold Coast Cite Council in

2003 for water management initiatives Implementation of Environmentally Sustainable

Development guidelines, particularly regarding

efcient resource management duringconstruction

Trade waste agreements in place with Gold Coast

City Council



for resource management: Gold Coast Airport installed a spear pump

in 2003 which is used for maintenance

of gardens and landscaping in order

to minimise raw water usage.


Implementat initiatives fromGreenhouse Challenge Co-operative

Agreement

GreenhouseChallenge annual

report

Annually EnvironmentManager

No increase in water usage levels(L/employee and L/pax)

Water usageinvoices

Commence 2005 SeniorManagement

Team10% increase in volume of waste recycling Waste disposal

recordsCommence 2005 Senior

Management

Team

No increase in waste to landll volumes

(t/ employee and t/pax)

Waste disposal

records

Commence 2005 Senior

ManagementTeam

Waste recycling a requirement included

in all GCAL contracts

GCAL standard

contract


Implement green building standardsfor developments

Visual buildinginspection


Table 18.0 GCAL Resource Management Targets


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Environmental

Monitoring1515.1 Existing Environmental Aspects 76

15.1.1 Environment Monitoring

Program

15.1.2 Analysis and reporting of

monitoring results

15.1.3 Environment Research Program

15.1.4 EMS


investigations


15.2.1 Objective




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Environmental monitoring is undertaken at Gold CoastAirport for a number of reasons. Firstly to demonstrate

compliance with legislative standards such as waterquality standards in the Airport (Environment Protection)Regulations 1997; secondly to trend monitoring results to

show if environmental conditions are changing over time,either improving or getting worse; and thirdly to highlightareas requiring increased management attention and to

allow for budgetary considerations.

15.1.1 Environment MonitoringProgram

GCALs environmental monitoring program includes:

surface water

groundwater interceptor traps noise

air quality soil contamination acid sulphate soils

waste volumes meteorological data water and electricity usage

Figure 17.0 shows the regular surface water, groundwaterand interceptor trap monitoring locations. Otherenvironmental monitoring is undertaken on an as

required basis. Table 19.0 below shows the frequency ofenvironmental monitoring.

GCAL will implement pre/post lease environmental

assessments which will ensure that lessees leaving a siteremediate any environmental contamination resultingfrom their occupation of the site, thereby ensuring a

clean site for the new lessee.

76

TYPE LOCATION FREQUENCY NORMAL ANALYTES

Surface Water Monitoring stations 1 to 11 Quarterly pH, EC, TPH, BTEX,

Groundwater 3 x landll, RPT and TugunBypass bores

Quarterly pH, EC, TPH,BTEX,

Interceptor traps See Figure 17.0 Twice yearly Visual inspection

Noise As required As required As required

Air Quality As required As required As required

Soil Contamination As required As required As required based onsuspected contamination

source

Waste volumes As required Monthly or as percollection frequency

Total volume

Water usage GCAL lease Quarterly Volume

Electricity usage GCAL and tenants Quarterly Kilowatt hours

Table 19.0 GCAL Environmental Monitoring Program


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15.1.2 Analysis and reporting ofmonitoring results

GCAL will analyse results from environmental monitoringto determine emerging trends or specic non-compliances

against AEPR or Australian Standards. A summary ofanalysis results will be included in the Annual EnvironmentReport.

If a non-compliance or a declining trend in performance

is identied through environmental monitoring andassessments undertaken, corrective actions will beinitiated to either achieve compliance or improve

performance.

The AEO will receive copies of all monitoring results andanalysis of results as required.

15.1.3 Environment Research Program

A co-operative agreement was signed with GrifthUniversity in 2001 to allow honours students to undertakerelevant environmental research on the airport. The range

of fauna and ora species on the airport provides thestudents with a selection of potential honours projects.

Previous honours research projects that have occurred onsite include:

Temporal and spatial distribution of breeding

activity in an acid frog community A study of a rare plant species Acacia baueri, in

the western management precinct of Gold Coast

Airport land

Honours research projects underway for 2004 are:

Aspects of the ecology of coastal planigales(Planigale maculata)

Ongoing research into the acid frogcommunities

Photograph of Common Planigale

(Planigale maculata) captured during ecological

monitoring along Coolangatta Creek.


20/5278

The increased understanding of the environmentallysignicant species on the airport is a benet to thescientic community, and provides GCAL with the latest

information to implement best management practices.Proposed assessments and investigations at GCAL for thenext 5 years include:

TYPE OF ASSESSMENT / INVESTIGATION LOCATION

Detailed environmental assessments to complement existing informationCobaki Environmental Precinct, Business Park and Western Enterprise

Precinct

Specic investigations into suspected environmental contamination ordegradation

As required

Waste audit and identication ofmanagement options

Total airport audit,including tenants

Verication of specic endangered speciesmanagement options

Totally or partially withinairport boundaries

Whole-of-catchment environmental assessmentsto complement airport initiatives

As identied through liaison with relevantcatchment environmental groups

Pre and post lease land contaminationassessments

Upon expiry and non-renewal ofany airport lease

Honours projects approved byGrifth University and GCAL

Totally or partially withinairport boundaries

15.1.4 EMS

GCALs EMS has systems and procedures in place toensure environmental monitoring is undertaken to

relevant standards. Refer to Section 3.0 EnvironmentalManagement System. Sample analysis will be by NATAaccredited laboratories only.


Informal, visual inspections are undertaken on a dailybasis by the GCAL Safety Ofcers, who assess the site for

safety, security and environmental issues. More formalinspections are undertaken, usually on a monthly basis,by the GCAL Environment Department and the AEO. The

AEO provides notication of any action items arising fromthese inspections.

Any environmental incidents are reported to GCALthrough the incident reporting system, and followed

up to prevent reoccurrence where possible. GCAL alsoundertakes investigations and monitoring of any reported,suspected environmental contamination on the airport.


15.2.1 Objective:To ensure environmental monitoring is undertaken at

the airport in compliance with applicable legislation,

standards and guidelines, as identied in GCALs LegalRegister EMS Document Number 6.0022 (Appendix6.0).

Additionally, environmental monitoring will be used tojustify environmental objectives and targets, quantify

the success of management strategies, highlight non-compliances that require specic action and provide proofof compliance with AEPR.


Some signicant GCAL achievements in environmental

monitoring from the period of the 1999 EnvironmentStrategy include:


Rationalisation of surface water monitoring

program in 2001 Implementation and ongoing interceptor trap

monitoring

Implementation and ongoing Coolangatta Ckecological monitoring

Implementation and ongoing relationship with

Grifth University for environmental researchinitiatives

Implementation and requirement for ongoinggroundwater monitoring by JUHI operators


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15.2.3 Targets for next 5 years:For the next ve years, GCAL has set the following targets

for environmental monitoring:

79


Quarterly monitoring of surfacewater sampling points

NATA registeredlaboratory

Quarterly EnvironmentTechnician

Quarterly analysis of surface

water monitoring results

Trending against

indicators

Quarterly Environment

Technician

Written sampling procedureto be used on site

Proceduredocument

December 2005 EnvironmentManager

Samples by NATAlaboratory only

Laboratoryresults

As required EnvironmentManager

Timely analysis of

monitoring results

Analysis

results

Within 1 month

of results

Environment

Manager

Table 20.0 GCAL Resource Management Targets


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Appendices

APPENDIX 1.0 82

Contractor Environmental Management Guidelines

APPENDIX 2.0 85

GCAL Environmental Aspects and Impacts

APPENDIX 3.0 89

Previous Studies and Reports

APPENDIX 4.0 92

GCAL Flora List

APPENDIX 5.0 98

GCAL Fauna List

APPENDIX 6.0 101

GCAL Legal Register


24/52

APPENDIX 1.0

CONTRACTOR ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT GUIDELINES

Environmental ManagementGuidelines

Introduction

All employees, contractors or agents working at GoldCoast Airport must comply with the Airports (Environment

Protection) Regulations. The regulations deal with issuessuch as protection of water quality, soil, ecology, culturalheritage, air quality and the prevention of excessive noise.Activities that contravene the regulations and pose a risk

or cause harm to these environmental qualities may besubject to actions including prosecution.

These environmental management guidelines providegeneral information, which will assist those involved in

construction, demolition and maintenance activities atGold Coast Airport to comply with the legal requirements.Many works at the Airport require approval under the

Airports (Building Control) Regulations, and additionalenvironmental management requirements (over and

above those detailed in this guidance note) may beincluded in the works approval issued by the BuildingController.

For specic advice in relation to your proposed activitiesor for further information please contact the Airport

Environment Ofcer, Claire Richardson on 07 3341 1811or 07 5589 1146.

General

All employees, contractors or agents working onCommonwealth leased airport land have a legal duty not

to undertake activities that cause, or have the potential tocause, environmental harm.

When undertaking works at the airport, please be awareof the environmental impacts that could result from youractions and ensure that the appropriate control measuresare in place. If you identify a situation or activity that maycause environmental harm, notify the Airport EnvironmentOfcer immediately. You should use your best judgementto recognise environmental harm and always contact theAirport Environment Ofcer for guidance if you are unsureabout the environmental risks posed by a particular activity.

Water Quality and Erosion ControlThe potential for contamination of Coolangatta Creekand, ultimately, the beach at North Kirra and Cobaki

Broadwater is a major risk for all external activitiesundertaken at the airport. To minimise this risk, where

possible excavations, building and maintenance activitiesshould not take place in close proximity to stormwater

drains. If this cannot be avoided, temporary covers shouldbe placed over the drains, or temporary bunds should beprovided to prevent runoff and contaminants entering the

drain. The following are examples of some contaminantsthat are not to be discharged, or placed in a position

where they could lead to a discharge, to the stormwatersystem:

concrete slurry or concrete mixer washout; cutting saw slurry;

paint, paintstripper and paint brush washdownwater;

oil, fuel or other hydrocarbon contaminants;

vehicle or plant washdown water includingdetergents;

trade wastes;

sewage efuent; and chemicals or hazardous liquids.

Management of soil erosion is also a major concern,particularly given the sandy soils encountered at

the airport, which may be difcult to stabilise afterearthworks. Suspended and deposited sediment in thecreek and open drain system as a result of runoff is also

an environmental concern.

To minimise risks of erosion and sedimentation duringworks to the open drain system, appropriate controlmeasures shall be implemented. Temporary bunding to

restrict the escape of sediments shall be installed andstockpiling shall be minimised or protected with bundingto prevent the release of sediments.

Other measures to minimise the risk of soil erosion and

sediment loss include:

minimise the area of excavation open at any onetime;

utilise erosion and sediment control measures

such as silt fences, hay bales or geo-textilematting;

maintain sediment and erosion control measures

during all site and weather conditions;

close the excavation as soon as possible andassist the regeneration of vegetation by seedingthe area with appropriate grass and plant speciesfollowing consultation with the Gold Coast

Airport and the Airport Environment Ofcer.

These measures, or alternative appropriate managementtechniques, shall be adopted where appropriate.

Acid Sulphate Soils

Coolangatta Airport is in a low-lying coastal area and,like much of the surrounding coastal land, has potential

acid sulphate soils present. Acid sulphate soils are thecommon name given to soils containing iron sulphides.The iron sulphide layer is generally grey and wet inappearance, and when exposed to air may produce

sulphuric acid. Release of sulphuric acid can acidify

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soil water, groundwater and surface waters impactinggreatly on coastal ecosystems. The sulphuric acid canalso mobilise heavy metals in the soil such as aluminium,

manganese and cadmium creating a mixture that istoxic to most plants, sh and organisms. It corrodesconcrete, iron, steel and certain aluminium alloys having

the potential to weaken concrete structures, buildingfoundations and underground concrete water and sewerpipes etc.

The indicators of an acid sulphate problem include ironstains and yellow jarosite coatings in drains, crystalclear water, poor grass growth, the lack or absence of

freshwater insects, sh kills or an odorous rotten eggsmell from the soil when exposed to air. Please notify theAirport Environment Ofcer immediately if you suspect an

acid sulphate soil exists at the site of the works.

In most cases, if work is to be undertaken in a part of theairport with suspected acid sulphate soils, investigationswill be required prior to commencement of works.

Cultural Artifacts

Some areas of the Airport, particularly to the west ofthe main runway, are known to contain cultural artifacts

associated with former Aboriginal activities in the areasurrounding the Cobaki Broadwater. Therefore, it ispossible that cultural artifacts may be encountered during

earthworks on the airport.

It is a requirement of the Airports (EnvironmentProtection) Regulations that in the event of an operatoror contractor making a discovery of cultural heritage

signicance, written notice of the discovery must begiven to the Airport Environment Ofcer and Gold CoastAirport.

The objects most likely to be found are shaped stones

(smooth stones used in food preparation, or sharpenedstones used in hunting or as cutting tools). Moresignicant artifacts may include scarred trees, shell

middens, stone axe heads and wooden items such asboomerang and digging sticks.

Protection of Habitat and Species

Habitats, ora and fauna shall be protected during worksat the airport. This includes aquatic, land and riparian(along a watercourse) habitats and species. Some areas

of the airport support potentially signicant areas ofhabitat and species. The area identied as having themost signicance lies to the west of the main runway.

The less disturbed sections of Coolangatta Creek alsosupport aquatic and riparian species, and impacts onthese areas to the east of the main runway should be

avoided.

Solid, Sludge Resides and Liquid Waste

With the exception of clean spoil, all waste materials,

whether solid, sludge residue or liquid (eg, paint, paintstripper, thinners etc) must be disposed of off the airportin accordance with local regulations. In some instances

Gold Coast Airport may give permission to dispose ofsmall quantities of liquid waste to sewer, or solid wasteto a general waste bin. It should be noted that clean

spoil is not to be removed from the Airport without thepermission of Gold Coast Airport.

Air Quality and Dust

Odour and visible contaminants such as dust, smoke andfumes shall not be released to the environment unlessauthorised. Immediate dust control action must be taken

where dust is causing visible dust deposition on cars and

buildings, or visible dust clouds. If dust control measurescannot be implemented, works should cease until the

situation improves or management measures can beadopted. The incident should be reported to the AirportEnvironment Ofcer immediately.

Dust contaminated with paint, paint scrapings, paintstripper or other contaminants must be swept into aclosed container and disposed of off-site in accordance

with local waste disposal requirements unless Gold CoastAirport has approved disposal in an on-site industrialwaste bin. Any vehicles leaving the work area must not

carry excessive dirt, mud etc. outside the site boundary.Access roads should be kept free of dust and mud at all

times. It is essential that dust, scrapings and mud doesnot enter the stormwater system.

If asbestos is encountered, or suspected to be present,Gold Coast Airport must be contacted for guidance inrelation to asbestos management.

Noise

Ground based noise emissions must comply with thelimits dened in the Airports (Environmental Protection)

Regulations. If your activities are likely to cause anoticeable increase in the background noise levels atcommercial or residential properties on or in the vicinity

of the airport, contact the Airport Environment Ofcer forfurther guidance in relation to legal requirements.

Fuel & Chemicals

All chemicals and fuels used during the works shall bestored in spill trays or bunded areas capable of retainingthe contents of the tanks or drums in the event of a

spill or leak occurring. It is essential that there is norisk of spilled liquids causing ground contamination

or stormwater pollution. Contractors are responsiblefor ensuring that spills are managed and remediatedappropriately, and shall have appropriate spill control kitsavailable on site at all times.

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Contaminated Soils

If activities are to take place where contaminated soils

may be present (eg, in the vicinity of existing or disusedfuel storage, handling or delivery lines and tanks) it maybe necessary to undertake investigations prior to orduring the works. In most cases, prior to commencement

of works in a potentially contaminated area, the AirportEnvironment Ofcer will provide guidance in relation tothe contamination investigation methods that would be

employed.

If you are working in an area that is not suspected tocontain contaminated soil, but you encounter fuel typeodours or visual indications of fuel, contamination may

be present. Please notify the Airport Environment Ofcerimmediately in such instances.

Please note that this information sheet only providesan introduction to the requirements of the new

environmental laws at airports. It cannot be reliedupon as legal advice, nor as a complete guide torequirements of the new laws. For guidance in relation

to specic activities, refer to the Airports (EnvironmentProtection) Regulations or contact the Gold Coast AirportEnvironment Ofcer on 07 3341 1811 or 07 5589 1146

for further information.

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APPENDIX 2.0

GCAL ENVIRONMENTALASPECTS AND IMPACTS

Environmental Management System

Register of Environmental Aspects & Impacts by Department

REF ASPECT(ACTIVITY)

IMPACTCONSEQUENCE(BASED ON EXISTING

CONTROLS)

LIKELIHOOD(BASED ON EXISTING

CONTROLS)

RISK

RANKING

CONTROL

MECHANISMS

MANAGER

RESPONSIBLE

1. Use of hazardouschemicals on site

SOIL & WATER: Contamination of

surrounding soil or water bodiesthrough the accidental release of

chemicals.

2 C Medium EMP 15 ENG

2.Vehicle/aircraft

washdown

GROUND & SURFACE WATER:Ground water contamination

through inappropriate discharge ofwash waters

1 C Acceptable PROCEDURE ENG

3.Fuel and Chemical

Storage - JUHI

SOIL & SURFACE WATER: Potentialcontamination of surrounding

soils and surface waters from anaccidental release of fuels, oils or

chemicals.

4 E HighEMP 6 &

TENANT EMPENV- Tenant

4.Fuel and Chemical

StorageSURFACE WATER: Possible surface

water contamination.3 D Medium

EMP6EMP 15

ENV

5.Fuel and Chemical

Storage

AIR: Release of hydrocarbons andchemical vapours from tank vents

and uncontrolled releases.1 A Acceptable EMP 14 ENV

6.

Water Usage(vehicle and aircraftwashing, cleaning,

gardening, reghting activities(including drills))

RESOURCE USE: Depletion ofwater resources

1 A Acceptable EMP 1 ENG

7.Electricity Usage

(heating, lighting, airconditioning)

GREENHOUSE GASES: Increasein greenhouse gases emitted to

atmosphere1 A Acceptable EMP 4 ENG

8.Operation ofcompressors

SOIL & SURFACE WATER:Condensate discharge to land or

surface water drains.1 c Acceptable - -

9.Use of pesticides /

herbicides

FLORA & FAUNA: Destructionof areas identied as beingenvironmentally or culturally

signicant.

2 c Medium PROCEDURE ENV

10. Painting & PaintStripping

AIR: Reduction in air quality

through the release of VOCs intothe surrounding environment.


11.Refrigerated andReverse cycle air

conditioning

AIR: Potential for reduction inair quality through an accidentalrelease of ODSs and CFCs into

atmosphere.


12.Operation of greasetraps from catering

facilities

SURFACE WATER: Poss iblecontamination of surface waterthrough spills/accidental release.

2 C Medium PROCEDURE ENG

13.Vehicle trackconstruction /maintenance

FLORA & FAUNA: Destructionof areas identied as beingenvironmentally or culturally

signicant.

3 D MediumEMP 11EMP 18

ENVI/ENG

14.Presence of

PCB containingequipment

SOIL & SURFACE WATER:Contamination of surrounding

soil and water bodies froman accidental release of PCB

contaminated material.

2 E Acceptable EMP 8 ENG


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CONTROLS)


CONTROLS)

RISK

RANKING

CONTROL

MECHANISMS

MANAGER

RESPONSIBLE

15. Storage ofequipment and

machinery in openareas.

SOIL & SURFACE WATER: Residualsubstances washed off equipment

on to ground.1 C Acceptable - -

16. Degreasing/Cleaning AIR: Reduction in air qualitythrough the release of VOCs into

the surrounding environment.1 C Acceptable EMP 14 ENG

17. Consumption ofpetrol, diesel andLPG fuel throughground vehicles.

GREENHOUSE GASES / AIR:Increase in greenhouse gases, air

pollution.1 A Acceptable EMP 4 ENG /OPS

18. Workshopand groundsmaintenance

activities.

WATER: Contamination of waterthrough general operations.

2 D Acceptable EMP 13 ENG

19. Operation of stand-by generator

GREENHOUSE GASES: Potentialfor release of greenhouse gas

emissions.

1 C Acceptable EMP 4 ENG

20. Groundsmaintenance

activities

SURFACE WATER: Possiblesurface water contamination withpesticides, herbicides and fertiliser.

3 D MediumEMP 13 &Procedure

ENG

21. Underground fuelstorage tanks (UST)

GROUNDWATER: Groundwatercontamination as a result of

leakage.3 C High EMP 6 ENV

22. Ground runningand maintenance of

aircraft

NOISE: Potential for annoyance ofsurrounding neighbourhood from

noise levels.1 B Medium EMP 10 OPS / ENV

23. Take off and landingof aircraft, includingfreight operations

NOISE: Potential for annoyance ofsurrounding neighbourhood from

noise levels.2 B Medium EMP 10 OPS / ENV

24. Aircraft Emissionsfrom engine start-upand idling on aprons

AIR / GREENHOUSE GASES: Increaseof ground level pollutant levels and

greenhouse gas emissions.2 B Medium TENANT EMP OPS - Tenant

25. Emptying sewagefrom aircraft

SURFACE WATER: Possiblecontamination of surface waterthrough spills/accidental release.

2 D Acceptable TENANT EMP ENV- Tenant

26. Access to areas bystaff and general

public.

FLORA & FAUNA: Destructionof areas identied as being

environmentally or culturallysignicant.

3 D Medium EMP 11 ENV

27. Ground vehicleemissions (including

car park)

GREENHOUSE GASES: Increase ingreenhouse gas emissions. 1 A Acceptable EMP 4 ENV

28. Activities of smallshops in terminal

buildings

RESOURCE USE: Use of resourcesand generation of waste. 1 A Acceptable

TENANT EMPEMP 2

COM/ENV

29. Consumption ofpaper

RESOURCE USE: Use of naturalresources.

1 A Acceptable EMP 2 IT


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CONTROLS)


CONTROLS)

RISK

RANKING

CONTROL

MECHANISMS

MANAGER

RESPONSIBLE

30.Development,Construction &

Demolition activity

Potential impacts of dust, noise,sediment, waste, and resource use.

2 C Medium EMP 5 PRO & PLG

31.Stormwater runoff

from off airport(mainly residential)

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination from oil andfuel leaks from vehicles. Incorrectdisposal of rubbish from residential

areas.

3 C Medium EMP 13 ENV

32.

Storage ofhazardous chemicals

on site includingcorrosives, solvents,

toxins.

SOIL & WATER: Contamination ofsurrounding soil or water bodiesthrough poor chemical storage

practices.

3 D MediumEMP 15

ProcedureENG / ENV

33.Incorrect disposal of

wastesSURFACE WATER: Possible surface

water contamination.2 C Medium EMP 13 ENG

34.

Discharge to sewerfrom washbays,

catering operationsand re service

training exercises.

RESOURCE USE: Resource usethrough downstream treatment

and subsequent discharge toenvironment.

1 A Acceptable EMP 12 ENV


from exposed(unvegetated) areas

SURFACE WATER: Possiblesurface water contamination with

sediments from exposed areas2 B Medium EMP 13 ENV

36.Accidental pollution

interceptor trapdischarge

SURFACE WATER: Possiblesurface water contamination by

hydrocarbons.3 C High

EMP 7Procedure

ENG

37.Stormwater

drainage from acidsulphate soils

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination with iron,aluminium and a decreased pH.

3 C High EMP 13 ENG / ENV

38.Presence of, and

removal of asbestos.AIR: Release of airborne asbestos,potentially affecting human health.

4 E High EMP 16 ENV

39.

Consumption ofnon-recyclable

materials through

general on siteoperations

WASTE / RESOURCE USE: Increasedquantity of waste disposed at site

and increased consumption ofnatural resources.

1 B Acceptable EMP 2 ENG


from roads, carparksand paved areas

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination from oil andfuel leaks from vehicles. Possiblelead, zinc, copper, cadmium and

nickel contamination.

2 B Medium EMP 13 ENG

41.Stormwater runofffrom runways and

aprons

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination from aviation

fuel, other oils and greases andresidue from tyres.

3 D Medium EMP 13 ENG

42.Aircraft and vehicle

maintenanceworkshops

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination with synthetic

and organic lubricating oils,chemicals from paint stripping,solvents, degreasers and glycol.

3 D Medium TENANT EMP ENV- Tenant


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IMPACT CONSEQUENCE(BASED ON EXISTING

CONTROLS)


CONTROLS)

RISK

RANKING

CONTROL

MECHANISMS

MANAGER

RESPONSIBLE

Vehicle and aircraftwashing

SURFACE WATER: Possible surfacewater contamination with oil,

grease, detergent and suspendedsolids.

EMP 13 ENG

44. Aircraft and vehiclerefuelling

SOIL & SURFACE WATER: Potentialcontamination of surrounding

soils and surface waters from anaccidental release of fuels and oils.

3 D MediumTENANT EMPEmergency

Response Proc.ENV- Tenant

45. Generation of solidwaste (includingbatteries) fromgeneral on-site

activities.

SOIL & SURFACE WATER:Inappropriate disposal of hazardous

chemicals. Disposal of largequantities of waste to landll.Soil and water contamination

from inappropriate waste storagetechniques.

2 C MediumTENANT EMP

EMP 2 ENG

46. Fire training activities SOIL & SURFACE WATER:Possible surface & groundwatercontamination from fuels and

synthetic foam residues.

3 C High TENANT EMP ENV- Tenant

47. Fire water run-offfrom responding

to emergencysituations.

SURFACE WATER: Pollution ofwaterways. 3 E Medium

Emergencyresponse Proc /Ops Procedures

ENV

48. Open air burning aspart of re training

GREENHOUSE GASES: Increasedlevels of greenhouse gas emissions,

smoke, visible plume.2 A Medium

TENANT EMPENV- Tenant

49. Impacts ofemergency re drills

SURFACE WATER: Poss iblepollution of waterways.

3 D Medium TENANT EMP ENV- Tenant

50. Consumption ofaviation fuel by

aircraft.

AIR & GREENHOUSE GASES:Increase in greenhouse gases, air

pollution.

1 A Acceptable TENANT EMP ENV- Tenant

51. EnvironmentalCommitments made

in EnvironmentStrategy approved

by Minister

NON-COMPLIANCE withenvironmental commitments made

in the Environment Strategy2 C Medium EMP 19 ENV


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APPENDIX 3.0

PREVIOUS STUDIES AND REPORTS

TITLE AUTHOR/DATE

GCAL Future Development Study - Review of Constraints ARUP (2002)

Fauna Assessment Report - GCAL Runway Extension Biodiversity Assessment (2004)

Inspection and Assessment of a newly discovered Archaeologicla site onairport grounds

Bonhomme Craib (2001)

Tenant Review Report, Broshurst Hill Sand Dredging Operations Brix (1993a)

Environmental Management Plan Stage 1 Airport Environment ReviewCoolangatta Airport

Brix (1993b)

Site Contamination Assessment Coolangatta Airport CMPS&F (1996a)

Environmental Audit of Operations at Coolangatta Airport CMPS&F (1996b)

Site Contamination Assessment - Stage 2, Coolangatta Airport CMPS&F (1996c)

Hydraulic Assessment Coolangatta Airport Connell Wagner (2000)

Environmental Investigation Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1994)

Environmental Audit of Operations at Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1996a)

Further Environmental Investigations Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1996b)

Environmental Investigation Commuter Apron Douglas & Partners (1996c)

Baseline Environmental Survey Avis at Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1997a)

Environmental Audit - Hertz Car Rental, Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1997b)

Environmental Audit, Budget Rent-a-Car, Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1997c)

Asbestos Audit and Register at Coolangatta Airport Douglas & Partners (1996d)

Fauna of Coolangatta Creek Gold Coast Airport - a baseline study Duffy and Shaw (2001)

Hazardous Substances Risk Assessment Dullaway (1998)

GCAL Coolangatta Creek Fauna Monitoring Program 2002 EcoSure (2002)

GCAL Coolangatta Creek Fauna Monitoring Program 2003 EcoSure (2003)

Gold Coast Airport - Energy Audit Energex (2002)

Coolangatta Airport - Planning for Tomorrow FAC (1994)

Surface Water Quality Monitoring - Coolangatta Creek, Cobaki Broadwaterand Open, Unlined Drain

GCAL (1998)

Notice of Intention for Coolangatta Airport Master Plan GHD (1992B)

Site Contaminiation Asessment - Shell Airport Fuel Depot, CoolangattaAirport

Groundwater Technology (1993)

Assessment of Aboriginal Sites at the Coolangatta Airport Hall (1990)

Pacic Highway bypass Route Determination Study Report Hall (1992)

Amelioration and monitoring measures for the conservation of herpetofaunaalong the proposed Tugun by-pass

Hero et al (2001a)

Survey for Reptiles, Amphibians and Mammals inhabitating coastal lowlandareas associated with the proposed Tugun Bypass

Hero et al (2001b)


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TITLE AUTHOR/DATE

Supplementary Surveys of Planigales, Eastern Long-eared Bat and Wallum

Sedge Frogs - Tugun BypassHero et al (2001c)

Preliminary Noise Level Impact Assessment of Intrusive Noise from Detailingand Cleaning Works at Hertz Rentals

Hill C (1998)

Pre liminary Environmental Site Assessment Airport Fuel Depot, Coolangatta Holl ingsworth, Dames & Moore (1993a)

Preliminary Environmental Assessment Joint User Hydrant Installation (JUHI)Fuel Depot, Coolangatta

Hollingsworth, Dames & Moore (1993b)

Pre liminary Environmental Site Assessment Airport Fuel Depot, Coolangatta Hol lingsworth, Dames & Moore (1993c)

Temporal and spatial distribution of breeding activity in acid frogcommunity at Tugun, SEQ.

Hopkins (2003)

Review of Land Contamination Issues Lane & Synot (1998)

Vegetation Survey Report - Coolangatta Airport Leiper (2001)

Report on Remnant Bushland at South-eastern End of Runway atCoolangatta Airport

Leiper (2002)

Noise Monitoring - Gold Coast Airport Maunsell (2004)

BP Aviation Facility Coolangatta - Underground Storage Tank (UST) ClosureReport

OTEK Australia (1993)

Targetted Groundwater Monitoring Event, and Soil and GroundwaterCharacterisation, JUHI Facility, Coolangatta Airport

PB (2003a)

Groundwater Monitoring Well Installation and Groundwater MonitoringEvent, JUHI Facility, GCAL

PB (2003b)

Groundwater Contaminant Assessment PB (2004a)

Assessment of Former Landll Sites, Gold Coast Airport PB (2004b)

A study of rare plant species - the Tiny Wattle (Acacia baueri) in the westernmanagement precinct of Gold Coast Airport

Pereoglou (2003)

PCB Screening Test Report Powerline Queensland (1997)

Further Environmental Site Assessment - JUHI Facility PPK (2000)

Further Environmental Site Assessment - JUHI Facility PPK (2001)

A Cultural Heritage Assessment of Two Proposed Optical Fibre CableInstallations in Ulmarra Shire NSW and Gold Coast City Queensland

Pragnall (1997)

Tugun Bypass Proposal EIS studies including:Flora and fauna; Soils; Surface and Groundwater, Noise and Air Quality,

Geotechnical and hydrogeologyQDMR (1999 - 2004)

Environment Protection and Endangered Species and Heritage Review of theCoolangatta Airport

Rust PPK (1997)

Sand and Clay Analysis, Brodhurst Hills Sand Fill and Silt Pits Simmonds & Bristow (1998)

Coolangatta Airport ENM&C Program Background Noise Logging Vipac Engineers & Scientists (1997)

PCB Screening Test Report Westinghouse Industry Services (1994)

Coolangatta Airport constraints to Development Vegetation Studies Winders, Barlow and Morrison (1990a)

Coolangatta Airport constraints to Development Vegetation Studies Winders, Barlow and Morrison (1990b)

Comparison of Western By-Pass Route Options Ecological Studies Winders, Barlow and Morrison (1991)


33/5291

APPENDIX 4

GCAL FLORA LIST

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME

Abildgardia ovata

Scrub Ironbark Wattle Acacia aulacocarpa

Acacia aulacocarpa var.aulacocarpa

Little Wattle Acacia baueri subsp. baueri

Acacia concurrens

Sickle Wattle Acacia falcata

Fringed Wattle Acacia mbriata

Sally Wattle Acacia melanoxylon

Blunt-leaved Wattle Acacia obtusifolia

Hickory Wattle Acacia penninervis

Coast Wattle Acacia sophorae

Sweet Wattle Acacia suaveolens

Prickly Mosses Acacia ulicifolia

Lilly Pilly Acmena smithii

Coastal Aspen Acronychia imperforata

Mangrove Fern Acrostichum speciosum

Red Cluster Heath Acrotriche aggregate

River Mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum

Crofton Weed Ageratina adenophora

Ageratina riparia

Blue Billy Goat Weed Ageratum houstonianum

Black She-oak Allocasuarina littoralis

Alphitonia excelsa

Ambrosia artemisiifolia

Anagallis arvensis

Whiskey Grass Andropogon virginicus

Common Aotus Aotus ericoides

Aotus lanigera

White Lace Flower Archidendron hendersonii

Bangalow Palm Archontophoenix cunninghamiana

Aristida queenslandica

Arthropodium milleorum

Asclepiad curassavica

Birds-nest Fern Asplenium australsicum

Aster subulatus


Star Hair PlantAsterotricha longifolia (Tweed

Heads form)

Midgenberry Austromyrtus dulcis

Grey Mangrove Avicennia marina

Carpet Grass Axonopus compressus

Babingtonia virgata

Groundsel Bush Baccharis halimifolia

Bacopa monnieri

Drosma Myrtle Heath Baeckea diosmifolia

Baeckea sp

Weeking Baekea Baeckea stenophylla

Baloskion complanatus

Baloskion pallens

Dwarf Restio Baloskion tenuiculmis

Feather Plant Baloskion tetraphyllus

Wallum Banksia Banksia aemula

Coast Banksia Banksia integrifolia

Swamp Banksia Banksia oblongifolia

large Leaf Banksia Banksia robur

Bauera Bauera capitata

River Rose Bauera rubioides

Bamboo Reed Baumea articulata

Bare Twig Rush Baumea juncea

Baumea muelleri

Baumea rubiginosa

Slender Twigrush Baumea teretifolia

Cobblers Peg Bidens pilosa

Christmas Bells Blandfordia grandiora

Bungwal Fern Blechnum indicum

Hard Water Fern Blechnum wattsii

Sickle Boronia Boronia falcifolia

Boronia rosmarinifolia

Variable Bossiaea Bossiaea heterophylla

Brachiaria mutica

Daphne Heath Brachyloma daphnoides

Drawfs Apples Breynia oblongifolia


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Bromus catharticus

Large Leafed Orange Mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Native Stattrus Burmannia disticha

Corky Prickle Vine Caesalpinia subtropica

Caesia parviora

Caladenia carnea

Christmas Orchid Calanthe triplicata

Willow Leaf Bottle Brush Calistemon salignun

Heath Bottlebrush Callistemon pachyphyllus

Common Ground Fern Calochlaena dubia

Fringe Myrtle Calytrix tetragona

Capsella bursapastoris

Tall Sedge Carex appressa

Cassytha glabella

Devils Twine Cassytha pubescens

Swamp She-oak Casuarina glauca

Grand Fathers Whiskers Caustis recurvata

Celtis sinensis

Cenchrus echinatus

Buffel Grass Cenchrus pennisetiformis

Pennywort Centella asiatica

Chamaesyce drummondii

Chorizandra cymbaria

Chorizandra sphaerocephala

Chorizema parviora

Binung Christella dentata

Bitou Buch Chrysanthemoides monilifera

Ciclospermum leptophyllum

Camphor Laurel Cinnamomum camphora

Fine-Leaved Water Vine Cissus hypoglauca

Cissus opaca

Tall Cladium Cladium procerum

leaess Comesperma Comesperma defoliatum

Match Sticks Comesperma ericinum

Love Creeper Comesperma volubile

Wandering Dew Commelina cyanea

Commelina diffusa


Brush Kurrajong Commersonia bartramia

Cone Seeds Conospermum taxifolium

Fleabane Conyza bonariensis

Conyza canadensis

Conyza parva

Conyza sumatrensis

Coast Palm Lily Cordyline congesta

Coronopus didymus

Red Bloodwood Corymbia gummifera

Cadaghi Corymbia torelliana

Crassocephalum crepidioides

Swamp Lily Crinum pedunculatum

Crotalaria lanceolata

Stinking Cryptocarya Cryptocarya foetida

Tuckeroo Cupaniopsis anacardiodes

Cuphea carthagenesis

Straw Tree Fern Cyathea cooperi

Cyclosorus interruptus

Cynanchum carnosum

Common Couch Grass Cynodon dactylon

Rice Weed Cyperus difformis

Cyperus eragrostis

Cyperus haspan

Cyperus haspan subsp. Juncoides

Cyperus lucidus

Bunchy Sedge Cyperus polystachyos

Mullimbimby Couch Cyperus sesquiorus

Cyperus sphaeroideus

Cyperus stradbrokensis

Denhamia Denhamia celastroides

Desmodium intortum

Desmodium tortuosum

Dianella brevipedunculata

Rough Flax Lily Dianella caerulea

Flowery Parrot Pea Dillwynia oribunda

Twisted Parrot Pea Dillwynia retorta

Native Yam Dioscorea transversa


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Diplachne uninervia

Hop Bush Dodonaea triquetra

Drosera burmanni

Pale Sundew Drosera peltata

Small Sundew Drosera pygmaea

Red Sundew Drosera spatulata

Drymaria cordata

Soft Corkwood Duboisia myoporoides

Durringtonia paludosa

Swamp Barnyard Grass Echinochloa telmatophila

Eclipta prostrata

Water Hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes

Blue Quandong Elaeocarpus grandis

Grey Carabeen Elaeocarpus obovatus

Blueberry Ash Elaeocarpus reticulates

Sag Spikerush Eleocharis equisetina

Emilia sonchifolia

Spreading Rope Rush Empodisma minus

Hard Corkwood Endiandra sieberi

Entolasia Entolasia stricta

Enydra uctuans

Coral Heath Epacris microphylla

Blunt Leaf Heath Epacris obtusifolia

Pink Coral Heath Epacris pulchella

Epaltes australis

Epaltes cunninghamii

Eragrostis cilianensis

Clustered Love Grass Eragrostis elongata

Love Grass Eragrostis sororia

Eragrostis spartinoides

Eragrostis tenuifolia

Erechtites valerianifolia

Eriachne glabrata

Common Pipewort Eriocaulon scariosum

Scribbly Gum Eucalyptus racemosa

Red Mahogany Eucalyptus resinferea

Swamp Mahogany Eucalyptus robusta

Forest Red Gum Eucalyptus tereticornis

Euchiton americanum


Bolwarra Euphomatia laurina

Ribbonwood Euroschinus falcata

Wombat Berry Eustrephus latifolius

Eutaxia microphylla

Milky Mangrove Exoecaria agallocha

Creek Sandpaper Fig Ficus cornata

Moreton Bay Fig Ficus macropylla

Small-leaved Fig Ficus obliqua

Fimbristylis cinnamometrum

Common Fringe Rush Fimbristylis dichotoma

Fimbristylis nutans

Fimbristylis pauciora

Fimbristylis polytrichoides

Whip Vine Flagellaria indica

Fuirena ciliaris

Red-fruit Sawsedge Gahnia aspera

Coastal Sawsedge Gahnia clarkei

Saw Sedge Gahnia sieberiana

Scrambling Lily Geitonoplesium cymosum

Geodorum densiorum

Alpine Coral Fern Gleichenia dicarpa

Cheese Tree Glochidion ferdinandi

Umbrella Cheese Tree Glochidion sumatranum

Twining Glycine Glycine clandestina

Balloon Plant Gomphocarpus fruticosus

Gomphocarpus physocarpus

Pinnate Wedge Pea Gompholobium pinnatum

Leafy Wedge Pea Gompholobium virgatum

Gonocarpus chinensis

Gonocarpus micranthus

Rocket Goodenia Goodenia bellidifolia

Branched Goodenia Goodenia paniculata

Goodenia rotundifolia

Spike Goodenia Goodenia stelligera

Guioa Guioa semiglauca

Haemodorum

austroqueenslandicum

Narrow leaf Hibbertia Hibbertia linearis

Hibbertia riparia

Hibbertia salicifolia


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Twining Guinea Flower Hibbertia scandens

Hibbertia stricta

Hibiscus diversifolius

Bats Wing Fern Histiopteris incisa

Homoranthus virgatus

Lance Leaf Hovea Hovea lanceolata

Hydrocotyle acutiloba

Hyparrhenia rufa

Hypericum gramineum

Bears Ear Hypochaeris radicata

Hypolaena fastigiata

Harsh Ground Fern Hypolepis muelleri

Ruddy Ground Fern Hypolepis rugosula

Blady Grass Imperata cylindrica

Fine-Leaf Morning Glory Ipomea cairica

Isachne globosa

Ischaemum australe

Ischaemum fragile

Isolepis inundatus

Jacksonia stackhousii

Foambark Tree Jagera pseudorhus

Juncus continuus

Sea Rush Juncus kraussii

Juncus prismatocarpus

Common Rush Juncus usitatus

Dusky Coral Pea Kennedia rubicunda

Lantana Lantana camara

Wire Lily Laxmannia gracilis

Swamp Rice Grass Leersia hexandra

Lepironia articulata

Leptocarpus tenax

Native Currant Leptomeria drupacea

Prickly Tea-Tree Leptospermum juniperinum

Coastal Tea-Tree Leptospermum laevigatum

Lemon-scented Tea-Tree Leptospermum liversidgei

Common Tea-treeLeptospermum polygalifolium ssp.

polygalif

Soft-fruited Tea-Tree Leptospermum semibaccatum

Shaggy Tea-Tree Leptospermum trinervium

Tea-Tree Leptospermum whitei


Lepyrodia interrupta

Pink Beard Heath Leucopogon ericoides

Beard Heath Leucopogon lanceolatus var.gracilis

Tea-Tree Beard Heath Leucopogon leptospermoides

Pearl Beard Heath Leucopogon margarodes

Leucopogon pedicellatus

Leucopogon pimeleoides

Common Beard Heath Leucopogon virgatus

Screw Fern Lindsaea linearis

Lissanthe sp. A

Brown Bolly Gum Litsea australis

Swamp Lobelia Lobelia alata

Trailing Lobelia Lobelia gracilis

Lobelia purpurascens

Lomandra elongata

Spiny Mat Rush Lomandra longifolia

Brushbox Lophostemon confertus

Swamp Brushbox Lophostemon suaveolens

Lotononis bainesii

Lycopodiella cernua

Climbing Maidenhair Lygodium microphyllum

Macaranga Macaranga tanarius

Orange Thorn Maclura cochinchinensis

Siratro Macroptilium atropurpureum

Macroptilium lathyroides

Red Kamala Mallotus philippensis

Milk Vine Marsdenia rostrata

Snow-in-Summer Melaleuca linariifolia

Ball Honey Myrtle Melaleuca nodosa

Broad-leaved paperbark Melaleuca quinquenervia

Thyme Honey Myrtle Melalueca thymifolia

Native Lasiandra Melastoma afne

Pink Euodia Melicope elleryana

Malassus Grass Melinis minutiora

Melinis repens

Microlaena stipoides

Microtis unifolia

Heath Land Mirbelia Mirbelia rubifolia

Swamp Mite-Wort Mitrasacme paludosa


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Bishops Mitre Mitrasacme polymorpha

Tree Broom Heath Monotoca elliptica

Prickly Broom Heath Monotoca scoparia

Monotoca sp.

Morinda Morinda jasminoides

Mulberry Morus alba

Candelabra Vine Mucuna gigantea

Coast Mistletoe Muellerina celastroides

Fishbone Fern Nephrolepis cordifolia

Oleander Nerium oleander

Mock Olive Notelaea longifolia

Nymphaea caerulea

Ochna serrulata

Lemon-scented Baekea Ochrosperma citriodora

Ochrosperma diosmifolius

Sand Baekea Ochrosperma lineare

Oenothera indecora

Omalanthus nutans

Bleeding Heart Omalanthus populifolius

Ottochloa gracillima

Golden Shaggy Pea Oxylobium robustum

Bower Vine Pandorea jasminoides

Panicum maximum

Panicum simile

Twining Silkpod Parsonia straminea

Paspalidium distans

Paspalidium sp

Paspalum conjugatum

Paspalum Paspalum dilatatum

Paspalum scrobiculatum

Vasey Grass Paspalum urvillei

Common Passionower Passiora edulis

Corky Passionower Passiora suberosa

Passiora subpeltata

Little Purple Flag Patersonia fragilis

Patersonia sericea

Periscaria strigosa

Persicaria lapathifolia

Persoonia adenantha


Geebung Persoonia stradbrokensis

Geebung Persoonia virgata

Swamp Orchid Phaius australis

Satinwood Phebalium sqameum

Scaly Phebalium Phebalium squamulosum

Frogsmouth Philydrum lanuginosum

Phragmites australis

Common Reed Phragmites communis

Phytolacca octandra

Pimelea linifolia

Slash Pine Pinus elliottii

Thin-leaved Coondoo Planchonella chartacea

Plantago lanceolata

Heath Platysace Platysace ericoides

Pomax Pomax umbellata

Sprengeri Fern Protoasparagus aethiopicus

Sand Hill Pseudanthus Pseudanthus orientalis

Pastel Flower Pseuderanthemum variabile

Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum

Bracken Fern Pteridium esculentum

Chaffy Pea-Bush Pultenaea paleacea

Pultenaea retusa

Pyllanthus virgata

Pyllota Pyllota phylicoides

Ranunculus innudatus

Rapanea variabilis

Red Mangrove Rhizophora stylosa

Rhynchospora corymbosa

Richardia brasiliensis

Wedding Bush Ricinocarpos pinifolius

Hairy Supplejack Ripogonum elseyanum

Wild Rasperry Rubus hill

Rubus moluccanus

Native Rasperry Rubus rosifolius

Common Dock Rumex crispus

Indian Cup Grass Sacciolepis indica

Umbrella Tree Schefera actinophylla

Broad-leaved Pepper Tree Schinus terebinthifolia

Fluke Bogrush Schoenus apogon


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Small Bogrush Schoenus brevifolius

Bogrush Schoenus ericetorum

Rie Grass Schoenus melanostachys

Schoenus pachylepis

Moss Selaginella uliginosa

Fireweed Senecio madagascariensis

Winter Senna Senna coluteoides

Senna pendula

South African Pigeon Grass Setaria sphacelata

Sida cordifolia

Paddys Lucerne Sida rhombifolia

Prickly Supplejack Smilax australis

Native Sarsparilla Smilax glyciphylla

Solanum americanum

Devils Apple Solanum capsicoides

Furry Nightshade Solanum densevestitum

Tobacco Bush Solanum mauritianum

Sonchus asper

Sonchus oleraceus

Sowerbaea juncea

Ladies Tresses Spiranthes sinensis

White Swamp Heath Sprengelia sprengelioides

Stackhousia nuda

Swamp Stackhousia Stackhousia viminea

Snake Vine Stephania japonica

Strangea linearis

Trigger Plant Stylidium graminifolium

Stylidium ornatum

Nodding Blue Lily Stypandra glauca

Styphelia viridis

White Hazelwood Symplocos stawellii

Buff Hazelwood Symplocos thwaitesii

Blue Lilly Pilly Syzygium oleosum

Syzygium uniorum

Taraxacum ofcinale

Thelymitra pauciora

Kangaroo Grass Themeda australis

Themeda triandra

King Fern Todea barbera


Trachymene procumbens

Poison Peach Trema aspera

Trifolium repens

Streaked Arrowgrass Triglochin striatum

Tripladenia Tripladenia cunninghamii

Chinese Burr Triumfetta rhomboidea

Typha domingensis

Bullrush Typha orientialis

Urena lobata

Utricularia lateriora

Utricularia sp.

Velleia paradoxa

Velleia spathulata

Verbena Verbena bonariensis

Yellow Marsh Flower Villarsia exaltata

Blue Bell Wahlenbergia gracilis

Xanthorrhoea fulva

Xanthorrhoea johnsonii

Grass Tree Xanthorrhoea latifolia

Xyris complanata

Xyris juncea

Xyris Xyris operculate

Coastal Ziera Ziera laevigata

Ziera laxiora

Stunkwood Ziera smithii


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APPENDIX 5.0

GCAL FAUNA LIST

AQUATIC FAUNA


Short-headed Sabre-tooth Blenny Petroscirtes breviceps

Smooth Flutmouth Fistularia commersonii

Luderick Girella tricuspidata

Goby Bathygobius sp.

Yellow-nned leatherjacket Meuschenia trachylepis

Tarwhine Rhabdosargus sarba

Hairy Pipesh Urocampus carinirostris

Trumpter Pelates quadrilineatus

Striped Gudgeon Gobiomorphys australis

Empire Gudgeon Hypseliotris compressa

Bullrout Centrapogon marmoratus

Mosquito Fish Gambusia afnis

Yabbie Cherax sp.

Bay Prawn Metapenaeus bennettae

TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATE FAUNA - REPTILES


Wall Lizard Cryptoblepharus vigatus

Ctenotus arcanus

Striped Skink Ctenotus robustus

Yellow-face Whip Snake Demansia psammophis

Green Tree Snake Dendrelaphis punctulata

Grass Skink Lampropholis delicata

Easter Water Dragon Physignathus lesuerii

Bearded Dragon Pogona barbata

Common Scaly-foot Pygopus lepidopodus

Eastern Small-eyed Snake Rhinoplocephalus nigrescens

Three-toed Skink Saiphos equalis

Rough-scaled snake Tropidechis carinatus

Lace Monitor Varanus varius

TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATE FAUNA - FROGS


Cane Toad Bufo marinus

Plains Froglet Crinia parinsignifera

Common Eastern Froglet Crinia signifera

Wallum Froglet Crinia tinnula

Ornate Burrowing Frog Limnodynastes ornates

Striped Marsh Frog Limnodynastes peronii

Northen Banjo Frog Limnodynastes terraereginae

Green Tree Fr

3 environment strategy section 11-15 & appendix

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