Chapter 1:

SUMMERY“The Holy Prophet”

The perfect Man. The easy gives us light on the various elements of the personality of the Holy Prophet(SAW). His life has been recorded in the pages of history. Each and every event of his life is recorded. Hisall sayings, doings, the detail of his character, the detail of his family, manners, social life as well as hisevery conduct have been completely preserved in the books of history.The life of the Holy Prophet (SAW) is comprehensive for his followers. He has spent a perfect life. His lifehas passed through various stage and situation. He is the last prophet of Allah. His life is not only limited tothe mosque but has a vast sketch. He had been a herdsman in his childhood. He also spent his life specifictenure as trader by profession. He married and let a successful life. He used to solve the disputes, conflictionand various complicated problems of his followers. He presented the principles of buying and selling. Helaid the foundation of international law. His teachings sayings and doings are completely preserved in theHoly Quran and in a number of Hadith. He is the perfect personality for the whole humanity. He sufferedgreat hardships but nothing could be moved him away from his chosen path. He always loved his friends,elders, and children and forgave his enemies. The Holy Prophet (SAW) is a role model for all the humanity.

Chapter 2:

“Three Disciplines for Children”

The discipline of nature is a great teacher because it teaches a man very quickly. From answer a man knowsabout his follies and mistakes and can make the acquired correction in his efforts. Nature is also impersonaland does not the elements of personal liking and disliking. Only always should got a fresh start with her.The discipline of culture is coming under the criteria of second category. According to the culture thechildren always acquire learning from the culture and society which is around them. They always follow andimitate their elders in every aspect. If their elder, do the right thing they follow them and perform the rightand suitable jobs as their elders. When their elders do the wrong things, they will do the same. Particularly,at the place of worship the children remain silent because their elders are quiet and calm. Children also learngood manner and different sort of behavior from their elders.The third discipline which is the discipline of superior force is wrong because due to, it a child whose life isfull threat and chastisement cannot grow up mentally. The uses of force make the child cowed andimportant. He is not able to take the responsibilities for his life. He becomes resentful and revengeful in hislater life. He does not have the elements of strength and boldness to face the complication of his life. Itshould be used as seldom as possible, so that a child well be able to face the dangers and complication in hislife. It should be used rarely because force harms the mental growth of a Child.

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Chapter 3:

“First Year at Harrow”

The essay denotes the school life recalling of the British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill with ahumorous way. First he tells us about his contemptuous behavior for examination. He started facingdifferent problems concerned with examination when he was six years old. He has to pass through theprocess of examination for the next seven years. His favorite subjects were history, poetry and writingessays. He failed to satisfy the examiner in Latin and Mathematics.The entrance test was taken from him for Harrow Churchill did not have any interest in Latin Prose. Aftermuch speculating, he was able to write his name and the question. He was wasting his time by gazing hisname and the question. He got from some where the smudges over the answer sheet. He qualified theentrance test without writing a single word. He though about the Mr. Welldon that he could look beneath thesurface of things.He was the weakest student of the class. He was not permitted to learn Latin and Greek because the weakstudents were considered that they could not learn them. They were taught English. Mr. Somerwell taughtEnglish to Churchill. He had a particular system of teaching English. Churchill did not realize anydisadvantage for learning English, because the cleverer students always learnt English Language afterlearning Latin and Greek for their living. Churchill shows great esteem for English language. He becomesready to punish those students who do not know English.

Chapter 4:

“Learning to Writ e in College”

The essay shows us abut happiest moment of the writer’s entire school career. Mr. Fleagle was a dull andboring English teacher. He was sixty years old. He could not be able to inspire the students. He wasspectacles. He had well combed and cut hair. He had painted saw, a sharp nose and a ridiculous manner ofspeaking. He was assigned student with the writer to teach abut English.The writer hated the teacher and the writing of informal essay. He considered that it was a boring task. Hewas given the list of essays by Mr. Fleagle. The writer had to write an essay among the assigned topics.There were a lot of topics but the art of eating spaghetti appealed the writer,. He had got the experience ofeating spaghetti with his family. Therefore, it was liked by the writer. It was producing the good sort offeelings in the heart of the writer. He did not want to share his feelings of joy with his teacher.He wanted to write about the eating of spaghetti for his own interest. He knew that such essay would violateall the principles of formal essays. He was expecting that such an essay would acquire failing grade from histeacher. He decided to attempt any other topic among the list for his teacher.When he wrote his own essay it was very late at night and there was no time for him to write a suitable anddidactic essay for Mr.Fleagle. Therefore, he submitted the same essay with his teacher. Mr. Fleagle returnedall the essay of the students to them except the essay of the writer. He thought that he would be punished notto write a respectable essay for his teacher. He became much happy when his essay was read loudly beforethe students in the class. Everyone was enjoying the essay of writer. All the boys were laughing, wholesheartedly. That was the happiest moment of the writer’s entire school career.

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Chapter 5:

“The Renaissance”

The essay tells us about the background of the renaissance and its influence on Humanism art andarchitecture. The Renaissance was the movement which created the human desire explores the world. It laidthe foundation of modern world. There were different write Michelangelo, Shakespeare, Galileo, andColumbus who brought about a great change during 15th and 16th century.After the crusades, the Christians brought back to Europe many new ides and Luxurious things. These thingsbecame the source of trade. This trade was having the needs of bankers, merchants and shopkeeper etc. therewere a number of luxury things which came from the Middle East and Asia. The sea ever considered thesafest way for trade despite of storms and pirates.Florence was the wealthiest area in the 15th century. The people of Florence believed that they were dwellingin a “golden age”. Its people were creative, resourceful, energetic and competitive. They were taking a lot ofinterest in trade of silk, wool and flax. They invested money in different things. It had become a financialcapital, even they used to lend money to Kings, Princes and the people. They also motivated architects,artists, sculptor, and artisans. The family of Medici was a leading family of Florence.The Renaissance had a great influence on Humanism, art and architecture. Marco polo forced and motivatedpeople to thinks beyond their own land by his tales of adventure in China. People were encouraged towardslearning. Trade and exploration became the main sources of people. The scholars introduced new aspects ofthought about politics, religion, science and art. Ideas were spreading quickly by the help of printing press. Italso brought a great revolution in learning.Humanism motivated people to take interest in spending money on comfort and luxury. The castles werebuilt only for the sake of protection before this golden era. After its commencement they were designed forcomfort and beauty.

Chapter 6:“The Man who was a Hospital”

The essay denotes the humorous aspect of the writer’s observation of the symptoms of different ailments andtheir specific effects of his body. The author was reading an advertisement of a pharmaceutical company. Itwas about patent liver and the treatment for the disorder of liver. There was a detail of various symptomswhich were given. He had been applying these different symptoms upon himself and thinking about himselfthat his liver had been out of order.The author entered the reading room to observing and reading the treatment of hey-fever. He was looking atthe long list of different after one. He speculated about himself that was suffering from all those dangerousand critical diseases. He became worried about his ailments. He also thought that he dad feel these varioussymptoms of disease at different times.He became extremely hurt when he came to know that he did not have the disease of house maid’s knee.Actually, he believed that he was suffering from the rest of the diseases except house maid’s knee. He alsothought that is was bad to keep it for old women merely. He was desiring to have all the known maladies.He also thought that he was an acquisition to the medical class. He considered that medical students have noneed to go to hospital in search of patients who have been suffering from various diseases. He pondered thatthey would examine him and find out all the knowledge concerned with medical science.He went to his doctor supposing that he would have a good practice examining different diseases in him.The doctor wrote a prescription for him. The author went to a chemist and gave to provide the various itemmentioned in the prescription. When the writer read the prescription by himself. He was advised to take 1 Lbbeefsteak after every six hours. Ten miles walk was also prescribed for him, along with the advice to go tobed exact at 11’o Clock in the night. He was also advised not to read those things which were notunderstandable. He followed the instruction and lived with out any tension.

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Chapter 7:“Fear of Death”

The essays describe us about the writer’s resentment and the different causes for jogging. The writersupports the humorous tone through out the essay. He does not like jogging and tells that it does not showgood results. During the essay he denotes various sort of reason for jogging. Some people jog to control theirblood pressure. Other people jog to get rid of telephone or cranky wife or a dirty house held. Some run tocheat a decision about how to lead a satisfied life. The author wants to win the game of Tennis therefore, hestarts jogging, because health and personal fitness are the popular and known causes for jogging in 20th

century. According to the economic point of view jogging is cheap but not participating in jogging ischeaper. Many economists don’t consider jogging as a means of enjoyment.Due to the technology which has given the man the more free time therefore, the modern man has fewerresponsibilities. The working duration of man has contracted even the worship is considered less important.The man wants to get rid of obligations in the modern world therefore, he takes part in jogging.Theologist’s guide us that lack of confidence in the world is also a reason for jogging. We want to stretchthe duration of any life because we speculate that this life is the merely life which we shall have to enjoy.We think of due to jogging. We can acquire health and escape from death. The author says that the old andthe middle aged people torture themselves for the sake of fitness and jogging.Modern human being has been wasting the natural means. The forests and the river are coming to and end.The atmosphere is completely kept with poisonous gases. We are developing inhabitable world which is heblunder of man. Everyone wants to punish himself by jogging.

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Chapter 8:“Right and Wrong”

The author describes us about these two elements right and wrong in a comprehensive way. The writer saysthat whenever a dispute happens between two person everyone tries to blame his rival. Every person doesnot accept his own folly. There should be a same standard of behavior.The author has strong belief that there is a principle of for play. Everyone has to believe in right and wrong.There are specific rules and principles and everyone must be aware of them. He tells us that the concept ofright and wrong exists in every human society. He also believes that various civilizations have had onlyslight different moralities in history. There is not any country where people consider tow and tow make five.Similarly there is no civilization in history where elfishness is admired, it proves that there is a law of natureabout which all people agree with slight difference. According to author his physical law cannot be violateduntil man breaks. The falling stones law is controlled by the laws of gravitation, similarly the man cannot berun by moral law, because it is always violated. The reason is that we cannot face the bitter fact that we arebreaking the law of nature.No one is keeping the law of nature in his day-to-day life. In short the writer proves that people all over hisworld know the law of nature and they break it.

Chapter 9:

“Archaeological Treasures of Pakistan”

The writer mentions different archaeological locations of Pakistan. These sites are very important to thehistory of world civilization. The most essential archaeological sites of Pakistan are Taxila, Mohenjo-daroand Bhanbore.The most important archaeological sites of Pakistan are Taxila. It is associated with Alexander and Asoka. Ithad been one of the eminent centers of Buddhism and a sent of learning during the days of Asoka. Taxilapassed through a lot of changes in the era of Alexander. Taxila also reflects the marks of Scythian and Hunsinvaders. There were four sites of Taxila. It kept on shifting n different places. It is fact that Buddhism was agreat sat of entire sub-continent. Another important archaeological site of Pakistan is Mohenjo-Daro. It Isituated in Sindh about sixty miles from Sukkar. It is also associate with Indus valley civilization. It was anestablish civilization before the arrival of Aryan invaders. The study of skull dug out from Mohenjo-Daroconfirms that there were four ethnic groups in Sindh. The Indus valley civilization is very ancient in history.Bhanbore is also an essential archaeological site of Pakistan. It has been discovered recently. It is situatednear Karachi. It is the site where Muhammad Bin Qasim had landed. A mosque has been found out whichwas constructed at the beginning of the Muslim period.The archaeological treasures of Moghal period are also very peculiar. These relics are scattered all overPakistan. Lahore is famous for the movements and historic designs show the skill of Hindu stone carvers andmasons. The Badshahi mosque and tomb of Anarkali are also the part of these relics.

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Chapter 10:“M.Ali Jinnah”

The essay praises Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah as a great politician. The writer declares him as oneof the great statesman of this century. Jinnah addressed the Muslim league in Lahore. He made it clear theMuslim is not minority. The Muslims are a nation. He said that the Indian problem is not of an inter-communal but of an international character. It was not believed by all the congress leaders and fewEnglishmen. But soon they learnt the truth of this statement. He got Pakistan with his firm resolve and legalkeenness. While addressing league in Delhi in 1943, he said that a hundred million Muslims are with him.The creation of Pakistan was the result of Jinnah’s brilliant political strategy. He supported the Britain andthe allied power in world war tow (2). Congress leaders spent most of the time of world war tow (2) inprison due to their anti British strategy.It was possible only for a leader like Jinnah to win Pakistan in such a short time. All his hope about Pakistanwas not fulfilled. He wanted Calcutta as the capital of eastern Pakistan. Mountbatten becomes an obstacle inPakistan. He flew to Karachi in August in 1947 to preside and inaugurate the constituent assembly. At thattime, he was serious ill.Jinnah gave golden principles to the officials of Pakistan. He warned them against bribery nepotism andjobbery advised them to follow justice fairness the law. He said that the first due of the government is tomaintain law and order. So that the life property and the religious beliefs of its people are fully protected.Jinnah wanted friendly relations between Pakistan and India. But the tragic war over Kashmir turned thathopeful dream into violent reality.

Chapter 11:

“The difference between a human brain and a Computer”

The writer denotes us that a human being is extremely for more complicated than a computer. Human brainweight is three ponds. There are ten billions neurons and a hundred billion smaller cells in it. The cells arearranged in a peculiar order in a human brain. The uncountable cells are made up of atoms and molecules.These cells are made up of atoms and molecules. These cells and neurons are inter-connected in a vastlycomplicated network..It is a fact that the most complicated computer cannot be compared in intricacy and quickness with thehuman brain. Computer cannot think like a human brain. The computer cannot create a book, a song or anew doctrine. It always works on the information that I installed into it.To create the complexity of human brain in computer is possible. We will construct a computer that will bethat will be at least enough complex to design another compute more complex than itself. This morecomplex computer will make one still more complex and so on and so on. If it happens then a computer willsurpass the human brain, super computers will push aside the human beings and take the control of theWorld from the men in everyday life.

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Chapter 12:“The Jewel of the World”

The essay tells us about the achievement of Abd-al-Rehaman 1, Abd-al-Rehaman 3, and Al Hakam in SpainUmayyad dynasty was overthrown by Abbasids family in 750. All the members of the defeated family werein danger. Abd-al-Rehaman was one of them. He escaped from Damascus. After passing though hishardships of Palestine and North Africa, he reached centa five years later. He was offered refuge by hismaternal uncle in North Africa. He went to the Syrian troops in the South, of Spain. They made him theirleader. He developed the army of well discipline and highly trained 40.000 Soldiers under his rule. Spainpassed through the golden period of history. He beautified the capital. He provided the supply of pure waterto the capital. He ordered to construct the walls around the capital. He started the construction of his royalplace in 836. The royal palace was called “Al-Zahara” marble was brought from Numidia and Carl age. Tenthousand workmen with 1500 animal of burden worked for the construction of his palace. His court was inCordova. Seven hundred mosques and three hundred baths were there in Cordova in 788. The caliph wassurrounded in the royal palace by 3750 salves. The royal revenue amounted to 6,245,000 dinars. All this wasachieved due to the genius of one man. He died at age of 73.Abdul-al-Rehman 3 took the office in 912. He was only 23 years old at that time region lasted for fifty yearshis was also the golden period of Spain. In his period Cordova had one hundred and thirteen thousandhomes, seventy libraries and numerous bookshops, it was also the golden period of industry in Spain. Therewere thirteen thousand weaves and leather industries also flourished. The Spanish Arab introducedagriculture in grapes. The government maintained a regular postal service. The government also introducedcoins.Al Hakam was the successor of Abd-al-Rehman 3. He himself was a scholar and promoted learning. Heopened twenty Seven free schools in the capital. He flourished the university of Cordova to such an extentthat it auracted the Muslim and Christian students from Europe, African and Asia. He used to inviteprofaners from the East 4000,000 books were gathered in his age.

Chapter 13:

“Over Population”

The author says that over population is not a simple word to be defined. There is no particular and objectivedefinition of over population. The concept of over population is different from one country to another andfrom one person to another. We take into consideration the basic facilities such as food, housing healthfacilities and job opportunities when we are going to define the term over population.There are different component which can be called the definitions of the over population including thefactors of comfort, happiness leaving the earth a fit place for future generation and health.The first factor which is comfort is dependent upon housing, food, health and employment. They are veryimportant for every person.The second factor is happiness. It is relied upon various meanings for some happiness means shelter, food,and health. For other happiness in meant to have car, big house, servant and swimming pool.The third component of the definition is health which is extremely peculiar and essential for everyone. It isimportant for comfort and happiness but it is difficult to judge it.The last part of definition is “Learning the earth a fit place for future generation”. What can he meant by thisdefinition weather it means to have pollution free world to have developed technologies. It completelyunobvious part of the definition.These are controversial issues which have been described about the term “Over population” the author saysthat it is difficult to define the term “Over Population”.

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Chapter 14:“Home making”

The essay in an argumentative conversation about homemaking. The writer is making discriminationbetween the chores and the home making. Chores mean a small routine task of a domestic nature. Whilehomemaking is a task which is well planned and appropriately scheduled.Conventional husbands try to avoid the home making skills deliberately. Home making is as mysterious tothem as the outside activities. Husbands ponder that home making is a continues series of more or lesunpleasant chores. The result is that the do not respect the home making. A number of views are become thevictim of criticism by their husbands for dong the work which is done by themselves at their professions.They pretend to discuss on the phones about their business. They hold staff meetings and have lunch withtheir clients.Men call all these things work because the details of the home making are for more important & visible thanthe details of the activities outside. They devalue their wives work as well as ask question about their work,while wives do not know much about their husbands work therefore, they do not ask any question fromthem. They consider that their husband wok is extremely important as compared to theirs.The women considered that the production of income is of greater value. But the author says that we shallhave to understand that family income belongs to the family. It does not belong to the person who strives tobring it home.The author comes to the conclusion that home making is an essential task even more important than he workoutside.

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