2nd annual great corporate debate · 2015. 4. 9. · first negative constructive 1nc – 3 min ......

55thth Annual Annual Great Corporate DebateGreat Corporate Debate

Corporate Team Training Session # 2

May 30 / June 1Stephen Buchanan

Education Consulting

Corporate Team Corporate Team Training Session # 2Training Session # 2

May 30 / June 1May 30 / June 1Stephen BuchananStephen Buchanan

Education ConsultingEducation Consulting

Outline of Session # 2

Great Corporate Debate ReviewContest, Rules, Judges Criteria, etc.Quick Review of previous session

Debate Format and StrategiesDebate Format and ProcessTeamworkJudging CriteriaBasic Strategies

– Affirmative - Negative– Constructive - Rebuttal

Detailed Format, Timeline of Responsibilities

Homework – Selection of teams/topics for Session 3 debates – Topic A - Topic B

Training SessionsTraining Sessions ScheduleSchedule

May 30May 30

June 6June 6 June 8June 8

June 1June 1

REVIEW

Contest, Rules, Judges Criteria, etcSee AMCHAM Manual

REVIEWArgument, Reasoning

Argument– Definition– Facts/premise + (assumption) Conclusion

Reasoning– Reasoning is the process of drawing conclusions from facts or premises

REVIEWWhat is debate?

– Debate is the process of presenting arguments for or against a proposition– Propositions of fact, value and policy– We will argue propositions of policy in our debates– Policy propositions will propose a course of action for the future– The purpose of debate is to Persuade

REVIEWDebating Propositions of Policy

GOAL: Understanding the elements of a proposition allow debater to better attack, argue, support

& defend it.


PropositionsHow to analyze and address the proposition:What is the problem and how serious is it?What are the various solutions, with the advantages and disadvantages of each?What is the best solution?


Main Issues in Propositions of Policy:Are evils caused by the present system?Are these evils great enough to demand a change?Are the evils inherent and impossible to repair in the present system?Will the proposed solution remove the evils?Is the proposed solution free from objections?Is the proposed solution the best?

Research, Preparation and Development of Evidence

Sources of MaterialYourselfOpinions and Knowledge of Others

DiscussionPersonal InterviewsLetters and e-mailObservationExperiments and ResearchLibrariesInternet Research


Types of Evidence– Factual– Statistical– Opinions of Authorities– Testimony of Witnesses– Documents, legal papers


Recording Data– Computer (not permitted in the actual debate)– Paper– Index cards

DebateDebate Format Format and Processand Process

Debate Elements and Format

Format – Constructive and Rebuttal (Affirmative and Negative)

Affirmative: for the motion, problem in the status quo, solution or proposal to solve that problem: burden of proof, prove the case.Negative: against the motion, just denies, say no (and

why), rebuttals. Could present a case.

Team Order of PresentationsResponsibilities of PresentersFlowing or Flow Sheeting

TIMELINE FOR A POLICY DEBATETIMELINE FOR A POLICY DEBATE

CONSTRUCTIVECONSTRUCTIVEFirst Affirmative Constructive First Affirmative Constructive 1AC 1AC –– 3 min3 minFirst Negative ConstructiveFirst Negative Constructive 1NC 1NC –– 3 min3 minSecond Affirmative ConstructiveSecond Affirmative Constructive 2AC 2AC –– 4 min4 minSecond Negative ConstructiveSecond Negative Constructive 2NC 2NC –– 4 min4 min

REBUTTALREBUTTALFirst Negative RebuttalFirst Negative Rebuttal 1NR 1NR –– 5 min5 minFirst Affirmative RebuttalFirst Affirmative Rebuttal 1AR 1AR –– 5 min5 minSecond Negative RebuttalSecond Negative Rebuttal 2NR 2NR –– 2 min2 minSecond Affirmative RebuttalSecond Affirmative Rebuttal 2AR 2AR –– 2 min2 min

Debate Format– 1st part: constructive speeches

1st Affirmative1st Affirmative3 minutes3 minutesIntroductionIntroduction

1st Negative1st Negative3 minutes3 minutesIntroductionIntroduction

2nd Affirmative2nd Affirmative4 minutes4 minutesConstructiveConstructive

2nd Negative2nd Negative4 minutes4 minutesConstructiveConstructive

Case: thesis, Case: thesis, definition of terms, definition of terms,

argumentsargumentsFrameworkFrameworkDecision Decision

criterionscriterions

ClashClashTopicalityTopicality

Rebuttal 1ARebuttal 1A((CounterplanCounterplan))

Close caseClose casePrepare Prepare

opposition blockopposition blockRebuttal 1NRebuttal 1N

Rebuttal 1A and Rebuttal 1A and 2A2A

Defensive Defensive argumentsarguments(Close case)(Close case)

Ethos, Pathos, Ethos, Pathos, LogosLogos

Ethos, Pathos, Ethos, Pathos, LogosLogos

LogosLogos LogosLogos


Debate Format– 2nd part: rebuttal speeches

3rd Negative3rd Negative5 minutes5 minutes

RebuttalRebuttal

3rd Affirmative3rd Affirmative5 minutes5 minutes

RebuttalRebuttal

4th Negative4th Negative2 minutes2 minutesConclusionConclusion

4th Affirmative4th Affirmative2 minutes2 minutesConclusionConclusion

No new argumentsNo new argumentsDefensive Defensive

argumentsargumentsRefute allRefute all

No new No new argumentsargumentsDefensive Defensive

argumentsargumentsRefute allRefute all

No new No new argumentsarguments

SummarySummarySynthesisSynthesis

No new No new argumentsarguments

SummarySummarySynthesisSynthesis

LogosLogos LogosLogos Logos, PathosLogos, Pathos Logos, PathosLogos, Pathos


Flowing / Flow SheetingTaking notes properly ("flow sheeting“ or "flowing“ is the debate term) is an essential entry level skill . . . In order to answer arguments by your opponents, you must be able to write them down so that you can remember them and respond to them in order. Likewise, your flow sheet becomes the text which you use when you speak. . . it becomes the notes which you speak from . . . More than any other skill besides speaking itself, flow sheeting is important to your debate experience....and important to winning.


Team vs. IndividualsEach participant has a roleEveryone participates

and contributesEveryone flows

Debate Teamwork

Judging Criteria

Knowing the criteria by which you Knowing the criteria by which you are judged will be the first strategy are judged will be the first strategy to effective and successful debatingto effective and successful debating

Judging Criteria

Criteria from GCDCriteria from GCDCommitteeCommitteeSee HandoutSee Handout

Judges’ EvaluationsCriteria for winningFormula for winningStrategy for winning

BE PREPAREDBE PERSUASIVE

Judges’ EvaluationsEvaluation Format

Each speech will be graded (1- 5) in the following criteria. The scores will be added up to determine the overall winner:

Content (Matter):– Argumentation– Evidence / Information– Strategy / structure

Form (Manner):– Oral expression– Body Language– English (not graded)

Penalization:– Reading– Time– Inappropriate behavior

Evaluation Format / CriteriaCONTENTCONTENTJudgesJudges StrategyStrategy 1 1 -- 55

ArgumentationArgumentation 1 1 -- 55InformationInformation 1 1 –– 55

PenalizationPenalization Inappropriate BehaviorInappropriate Behavior ((--1) 1) –– ((--5)5)

FORMFORMJudgeJudge Body languageBody language 1 1 -- 55

Oral expressionOral expression 1 1 -- 55

PenalizationPenalization ReadingReading ((--1) 1) –– ((--5)5)TimeTime ((--1) 1) –– ((--5)5)

Debating StrategyThe Affirmative and Negative CasesThe Affirmative and Negative Cases

Affirmative CaseFirst Affirmative ConstructiveSecond Affirmative ConstructiveFirst Affirmative RebuttalSecond Affirmative Rebuttal

Primary Debate Format & Strategies

Negative Case –Attacking the Affirmative Case

First Negative ConstructiveSecond Negative ConstructiveFirst Negative RebuttalSecond Negative Rebuttal

Primary Debate Format & Strategies

The problemStatus Quo is “evil”Attention (solution) is needed, must be relevant

& important. Nothing has been done; nothing has solved the problem.

The solution / planInherency: causal relationship with the problemSolvency: solves the problem

Debate Strategies – The Affirmative Case

The Stock Issue CaseStatus Quo needs change Plan will provide changeProposed plan is better than Status Quo

Chain of Reasoning CaseTopical CaseDisjunctive CaseResidue Case

See the TM outline of Affirmative Case

Debate Strategies – The Affirmative Cases

Attacking the affirmative case :Basic AttackDisadvantagesCounterplanCritiques (K)Topicality

Debate Strategies – The Negative Case

The Negative Case

Basic Attack:Deny the problem

Attack Significance: no attention (solution) is needed; it’s been attended, solution is on the way.

Attack the solution/ planAttack Inherency: deny causal relation between the problem and the plan.Attack Solvency: deny that the plan solves the problem.Beware of contradictions if you deny the problem.

Disadvantages Attack:Disadvantage is that if we adopted the policy of the

other team (plan), something bad would result.Link: causal relation with the plan. Internal links: causal relation within the disadvantage.

Beware of the “slippery slope”Impact: something bad /worse WILL happen.Uniqueness: only the affirmative plan will cause this.

Affirmative choices:Deny link with the plan.Prove slippery slope fallacy.Turn impact: is not bad, actually is good.Deny uniqueness: whatever we do, that will happen.

The Negative Case

Counterplan:– Counterplan is alternative plan to solve the problem

Inherency and solvency = non-topical.Competes with the affirmative; net benefits; better

to adopt this solution rather than both.Mutually exclusive.

– Affirmative responses:Our own is better, adopt only one.Permutation test = not competitive.SolvencyDisadvantages

The Negative Case

Critiques (“K”):Critiques are a way to attack the critical assumptions an affirmative makes or the language debaters use to make their arguments.

What is an assumption? Is a part of an argument which people think is true, but they never explicitly prove to be trueand serves as the major premise of the argument or the case.

How does a negative attack the assumptions? First, the negative must identify the assumption and how it is revealed. Second, the negative must explain how the assumption links to the critique. And, third, the negative must explain the implications of the critique.

Source: Source: http://debate.uvm.edu/code/037.htmlhttp://debate.uvm.edu/code/037.html

The Negative Case

http://debate.uvm.edu/code/037.html

Topicality :– Topicality deals with arguments about what words mean; arguing about definitions regarding the motion or resolution: “be at home at a reasonable hour”.

Affirmative definition of terms must be topical; both the problem and the plan must be within the motion: LIMIT what the affirmative may talk about so the negative can have a reasonable chance to argue against the case

Negative tasks: Define terms and give reasons to prefer negative definition:

Source: Source: http://debate.http://debate.uvmuvm..eduedu/code/042.html/code/042.html

The Negative Case

http://debate.uvm.edu/code/042.htmlhttp://debate.uvm.edu/code/042.htmlhttp://debate.uvm.edu/code/042.htmlhttp://debate.uvm.edu/code/042.htmlhttp://debate.uvm.edu/code/042.html

Detailed Format and Detailed Format and Timeline of Timeline of

ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

1AC 1AC -- FIRST AFFIRMATIVE FIRST AFFIRMATIVE CONSTRUCTIVECONSTRUCTIVE

Have your speech written out and well Have your speech written out and well organized. Time it in advance so that you organized. Time it in advance so that you know how long it takes you to read it. know how long it takes you to read it. Practice it so that you sound good and know Practice it so that you sound good and know how to correctly say all of the words in it. how to correctly say all of the words in it. Make sure you have covered all the Make sure you have covered all the requirements requirements ---- read the topic, significance, read the topic, significance, inherency, plan, solvency. Make sure each inherency, plan, solvency. Make sure each of the major issues has evidence which of the major issues has evidence which proves it. proves it.

1NC 1NC -- FIRST NEGATIVE FIRST NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIVECONSTRUCTIVE

Your disadvantages need links and Your disadvantages need links and impacts; impacts; your topicality arguments need your topicality arguments need definitions, violations, and voting definitions, violations, and voting issue; andissue; andyouryour counterplancounterplan needs aneeds a counterplancounterplantext, topicality, competitiveness, text, topicality, competitiveness, advantage, and solvency. advantage, and solvency.

2AC 2AC -- SECOND AFFIRMATIVE SECOND AFFIRMATIVE CONSTRUCTIVECONSTRUCTIVE

ANSWER EVERY NEGATIVE ISSUE: ANSWER EVERY NEGATIVE ISSUE: You cannot win the debate if you fail to You cannot win the debate if you fail to answer an offanswer an off--case argument like topicality, case argument like topicality, a disadvantage, aa disadvantage, a counterplancounterplan, or a critique. , or a critique. Have some good answers for each one. Have some good answers for each one. Explaining their arguments is their duty, not Explaining their arguments is their duty, not yours. Your duty is to answer them. Don't yours. Your duty is to answer them. Don't waste time telling the judge what their waste time telling the judge what their arguments are about. arguments are about.

2NC 2NC -- SECOND NEGATIVE SECOND NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIVECONSTRUCTIVE

2NC and 1NR occur back to back, so you 2NC and 1NR occur back to back, so you need to divide up the issues in the debate. need to divide up the issues in the debate. The 2NC should take some issues and the The 2NC should take some issues and the 1NR should take others.1NR should take others.You need to deal with each and every one You need to deal with each and every one of the answers the 2AC makes to your of the answers the 2AC makes to your arguments. arguments. Have your best evidence on the issues you Have your best evidence on the issues you will be "going forwill be "going for““ out and ready to use out and ready to use before you speak.before you speak.

1NR 1NR -- FIRST NEGATIVE FIRST NEGATIVE REBUTTALREBUTTAL

2NC and 1NR occur back to back, so 2NC and 1NR occur back to back, so you need to divide up the issues in the you need to divide up the issues in the debate.debate.The 2NC should take some issues and The 2NC should take some issues and

the 1NR should take others, BUT THEY the 1NR should take others, BUT THEY SHOULD NEVER COVER THE SAME SHOULD NEVER COVER THE SAME GROUND. GROUND.

1AR 1AR -- FIRST AFFIRMATIVE FIRST AFFIRMATIVE REBUTTALREBUTTAL

The purpose of the 1AR is simple: The purpose of the 1AR is simple: don't lose the debate. don't lose the debate. The strategy is equally simple: don't The strategy is equally simple: don't drop anything. Cover every important drop anything. Cover every important argument.argument.You cannot answer each subYou cannot answer each sub--point on point on an argument, but you should answer an argument, but you should answer any argument which could potentially any argument which could potentially win the debate for the negative.win the debate for the negative.

2NR 2NR -- SECOND NEGATIVE SECOND NEGATIVE REBUTTALREBUTTAL

Now is the time to Now is the time to ““put all of your eggs in put all of your eggs in one basket.one basket.””The negative search for truth ends in the The negative search for truth ends in the 2NR. Winning requires the 2NR to choose 2NR. Winning requires the 2NR to choose the issues and approach to create a the issues and approach to create a persuasive bottom line negative position. persuasive bottom line negative position. The 2NR cannot pursue everything in the The 2NR cannot pursue everything in the debate because the judge must be told debate because the judge must be told which arguments to consider.which arguments to consider.There are two ways to win in the 2NR: There are two ways to win in the 2NR: –– "Win the Drop" or "Win the Drop" or –– "Win the Position." "Win the Position."

2AR 2AR -- SECOND SECOND AFFIRMATIVE REBUTTALAFFIRMATIVE REBUTTAL

The general strategy of the 2AR is to reThe general strategy of the 2AR is to re--establish case establish case advantage(s) and to minimize or take out the impacts advantage(s) and to minimize or take out the impacts of the negative arguments.of the negative arguments.In order to minimize the impact of the negative In order to minimize the impact of the negative

arguments, go to the best issue in the middle of your arguments, go to the best issue in the middle of your speech. This trick tends to despeech. This trick tends to de--emphasize the emphasize the arguments that the 2NR claimed were critical in the arguments that the 2NR claimed were critical in the debate.debate.In order to reIn order to re--establish your case advantage, begin establish your case advantage, begin your speech with your own agenda or overview that your speech with your own agenda or overview that puts forth the most compelling reason to vote puts forth the most compelling reason to vote affirmative.affirmative.Have a good conclusion.Have a good conclusion.

Practice DebatesTopics assigned.Topics assigned.Which topics/side did you receive?Which topics/side did you receive?Setting up the teams:

What are your respective roles?What are your respective roles?Do Research and Develop Arguments

LetLet’’s debate (and evaluate) s debate (and evaluate) next weeknext weekA vs. B, C vs. DA vs. B, C vs. D

Practice Debates

Each team will have four debatersEach team will have four debatersWe will follow same time limits We will follow same time limits

as in official debatesas in official debatesEveryone flows

All others not debating All others not debating will be judgeswill be judges

– BE PREPARED– BE PERSUASIVE

Education ConsultingEducation Consulting

AsesorAsesoríía Educacional en Chilea Educacional en Chilewwwwww..educonsuleduconsul.cl .cl

Av. Apoquindo 3600 - Piso 5 – Las Condes - Santiago – Chile (56-2) 446-8453 - (56-2) 433-2226 fax [email protected]

5th Annual �Great Corporate DebateNúmero de diapositiva 2Training Sessions ScheduleNúmero de diapositiva 4Número de diapositiva 5Número de diapositiva 6Número de diapositiva 7Número de diapositiva 8Número de diapositiva 9Research, Preparation and Development of EvidenceResearch, Preparation and Development of EvidenceResearch, Preparation and Development of EvidenceDebate Format �and ProcessDebate Elements and FormatTIMELINE FOR A POLICY DEBATE Número de diapositiva 16Número de diapositiva 17Número de diapositiva 18Número de diapositiva 19Judging CriteriaJudging CriteriaNúmero de diapositiva 22Número de diapositiva 23Evaluation Format / CriteriaDebating StrategyNúmero de diapositiva 26Número de diapositiva 27Número de diapositiva 28Número de diapositiva 29Número de diapositiva 30The Negative CaseNúmero de diapositiva 32Número de diapositiva 33Número de diapositiva 34Número de diapositiva 35Detailed Format and �Timeline of Responsibilities1AC - FIRST AFFIRMATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE 1NC - FIRST NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE 2AC - SECOND AFFIRMATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE 2NC - SECOND NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE 1NR - FIRST NEGATIVE REBUTTAL 1AR - FIRST AFFIRMATIVE REBUTTAL 2NR - SECOND NEGATIVE REBUTTAL 2AR - SECOND AFFIRMATIVE REBUTTAL Practice DebatesPractice DebatesNúmero de diapositiva 47