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2G & 3G spectrum

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2G Spectrum

2G means Second-Generation wireless telephone technology.

2G spectrum was the revolutionary technology in their time. It

comes with some more benefits.

1. SMS facility was first started with network.

2. Safe for the use , means security level was high.3. Environmental conditions was very good for this network &

no network shortage was there.

2G Spectrum technology was first launched in 1991 in Finland

only in the GSM mobile.

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2G Spectrum scandal

12/26/2013

The 2G spectrum scan involved official and minister in the

government of India illegally under charging mobile telephony company

for frequency allocation licenses.

one of the main person behind the Indias largest corporate

fraud. Who is A. Raja . Is an Indian politician from the political party he become cabinet minister for communication and information

technology.

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Charges on former telecom

minister A Raja

12/26/2013

Cheap telecom licenses.

Entry fee for spectrum licenses in 2008 pegged at 2001 prices

mobile subscriber base had shot up to 350 million in 2008 from 4

million in 2001.

No procedures followed.

rules changes after the game gad begun.

Cut-off date for applications advanced by week.

License issued on a first come first served basis.

No proper auction process followed, no bids invited. Raja ignored advice of TRAI, law ministry, finance ministry.

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Persons/corporate involved in

2G spectrum scam

12/26/2013

Persons

Nira Radia.

M.Karunaidhi.

A Raja (Telecom minister). Arun Jaitley

Barkha dutt (Journalist)

Arun Shourie

Pramod Mahajan.

Corporate

Videocon telecommunications ltd.

Reliance communications. Tata communications.

Vodafone Essar.

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Steps taken by Government

after scam

Set up a special branch of CBI to look into the matter.

Telecom minister resigns his post after scan.

A Raja also arrested by the police. CBI is also interacting with brothers of A Raja and also business men.

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3G Spectrum

The Third Generation of Telecommunication hardware standards andgeneral technology for mobile networking, superseding 2.5G

3G networks enable network operators to offer users services like wide-area wireless voice telephone, video calls, and broadband wireless data,

all in a mobile environment

Provides data rates up to 14.4 Mbps on the downlink and 5.8 Mbps onthe uplink.

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Objectives

Higher spectral efficiency and overall cost improvement by utilizing

advanced technologies

Achieving significantly higher transmission speed capability,

encompassing circuit- and packet-switched networks as well as

support of multimedia services.

12/26/2013

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Why 3G?

Limitations of 2G

Voice centric Designed mainly for telephony application

Circuit-switched

High BER (Bit Error Rate) Low data bit rate (< 14.4kbps)

Too many standards globally GSM, CDMA, PDC, PHS etc.

Isolated networks MAP based

IS-41 based

Difficult to roam between these networks

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Features of 3G

Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!

For the consumer

Video streaming, TV broadcast

Video calls, video clips

news, music, sports

Enhanced gaming, chat, location services

For business

High speed teleworking / VPN access

Sales force automation Video conferencing

Real-time financial information

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Challenges of 3G

UMTS is a multi-service network, GSM experience is not enough.

UMTS is an immature network technology, Continuous change is a fact.

Up gradation from 2G network.

Monitoring peer-to-peer.

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Issues related to 3G

Expensive input fees for the 3G service licenses & agreements

Lack of member state support for financially troubled operators

Expense of 3G phones

Lack of coverage, because it is still a new service

Current lack of user need for 3G voice and data services in a hand-helddevice

T k t k D i

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44G Spectrum

Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology.

It will provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and

multimedia can be given to user on anytime, anywhere basis

It includes several type of broadband wireless communication

system access including cellular telephone system.

It will provide seamless mobility and internet access at a rate of

100 Mbps.

T k t k D i

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Features of 4G technology

High internet speed.

Tight network security.

Support for previous wireless technologies.

Support for multimedia service like teleconferencing and wirelessinternet.

Entirely packet switched network.

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Application

In traffic control

Location application.

Telemedicine.

In crisis management application.

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