28 sept. 2010
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28 Sept. 2010. Take out homework: Lab report! Objective: SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes. Do now: How many grams are in 4500 kilograms? Check for the correct number of significant figures. Directions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
28 Sept. 2010
Take out homework: Lab report! Objective: SWBAT differentiate
between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Do now: How many grams are in 4500 kilograms? Check for the correct number of significant figures.
Directions
1. Classify these words into TWO groups.
2. Give a name to each group.3. Add one more example to each
group.4. Raise your hand when you are
done.SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Agenda
I. Do nowII. Homework checkIII. Matter and Changes Notes,
Examples and DemoIV. Pre-labHomework: Week 4 Homework p. 1Read lab worksheet
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Announcements
Bring a calculator to every class I will let you know when you need
your book
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Using Sig. Fig. to help you round
Ex 1) How many meters are equal to 4560 kilometers?
Ex 2) How many liters are equal to 4.610 milliliters?
Complete the bottom of the Sig. Fig. and Rounding Classwork #2 a and b
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Toothpaste Electricity A star Juice Sound The ocean Fear Peanut
butter
Saliva Helium Democracy Car exhaust Gasoline Paper Bacteria A cell Wisdom Heat
Dog Wind Atoms Soil DNA Clouds batteries
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Share our classifications How would a chemist classify these
words?
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
MATTER AND CHANGES
Matter: has volume (takes up space), and has mass Examples of matter? Is air matter? How do you know? Matter can be solid, liquid or gas
Mass - amount of matter an object contains
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Air Takes up space demo
Anyone who can come up with a way to demonstrate that air has mass will earn 2 extra credit points towards their quiz!
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
chemistry: the study of matter and changes to matter
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Physical Property – a characteristic that can be observed
without changing the substance’s composition.
Examples:Color SolubilityOdor HardnessDensity Melting pointBoiling pointSWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical
properties and changes.
Physical change: A change that does not alter the
chemical composition rearranges molecules but doesn't
affect their internal structures. Some examples of physical change are:
Examples: boiling water dissolving sugar in water dicing potatoes
Chemical change: any change that results in the formation
of new substances. - making or breaking of bonds between atoms.
Examples:gasoline burning
- eggs cookingbread rising
- milk souringSWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Ways you can tell a chemical reaction has occurred:
Energy is absorbed or given offHeatLightSound
Production of solid or gas from a liquid
(also happens with physical changes in states of matter)
ColorOdorBubbles
Chemical Property – properties of matter that can only be
observed through a chemical change Ex. Whether or not acid can corrode a
certain metal Ex. Whether sugar reacts with sulfuric
acid
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
29 Sept. 2010
Homework: Week 4 p. 1 Objective: SWBAT differentiate
between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Do now: Give one example each for: a. physical property b. physical change c. chemical change
Agenda
I. Do nowII. Homework checkIII. Finish physical and chemical
change notesIV. Lab!V. Lab conclusion questions (due at
end of period)Homework: none
Announcement
There will be a professional photographer in the room this period. Taking photos for the website and
fund raising materials. Just do your lab, and forget that she
is here!!
Chemical or Physical Change?1. burning paper2. folding a piece of paper3. the reaction of KI and
Pb(NO3)2
4. combustion of gasoline5. hammering gold into a
ring6. cutting a diamond7. acid rain “melting” a
statue8. a pile of old iron rusting9. separating water into H
and O by using electricitySWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Write down one unique example of a physical change you see at school.
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Write down one unique example of a chemical change you see in your neighborhood.
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Pre-lab
New equipment What to expect Where to pick up materials and
equipment
Physical and Chemical Properties Lab
Work with your group of 4. Follow directions exactly and carefully. All materials and equipment are at the front
two tables: take only what you need. If there is only one of something, use it at the
reagent table. Clean up, then answer the questions when
you complete the lab. Due at the end of the period.
WEAR GOGGLES AT ALL TIMES.
Homework
None
30 Sept. 2010
Grab your clicker! Objective: SWBAT identify
characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Do now: Describe one chemical change from your lab yesterday. How do you know it was a chemical change? Be specific.
Agenda
I. Do nowII. Notes on States of Matter and
TransitionsIII. Clicker Practice!Homework: Week 4 Homework p. 2Bring your textbook tomorrow!
What do all of these things have in common?
Dihydrogen monoxide
H2O
FIXED VOLUMEFIXED SHAPE
FIXED VOLUME
NO FIXED SHAPE
TAKES SHAPE AND VOLUME OF
CONTAINER!
slow particle movement fast particle movement
States of Matterlow temperatures high temperatures
Solid Liquid Gas
State Shape Volume Density Particle motion
Forces
solid definite (fixed)
definite high slight vibration
liquid not definite
definite high medium
gas not definite
not definite
low, variable
very, very fast
SWBAT differentiate between matter and non-matter, and physical and chemical properties and changes.
Which state of matter…has a fixed volume and shape?
1 2 3
89%
11%
0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…has no fixed volume or shape?
1 2 3
0%
94%
6%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…has fixed volume but no fixed shape?
1 2 3
0% 0%
100%1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…takes the size and shape of its container?
1 2 3
5%
63%
32%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…takes the shape but not the size of its container?
1 2 3
0% 0%
100%1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…can be compressed into a smaller volume?
1 2 3
21%
79%
0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…exists at lower temperatures?
1 2 3
95%
5%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…has medium particle movement?
1 2 3
0% 0%
100%1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state of matter…has particles that vibrate slightly?
1 2 3
95%
5%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
States of Matter and Transitions(Phases)
SOLID
LIQUID GAS
SU
BLIM
ATIO
N
EVAPORATION
FRE
EZI
NG
CONDENSATION
MEL
TIN
G DE
PO
SITIO
N
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
4 Oct. 2010
Take Out Homework: Week 4 Homework Objective: SWBAT review and apply
vocabulary related to matter, classifying matter and separating mixtures.
Do now: What classification of matter can’t be separated physically, but can be separated chemically? Give one example of this.
Agenda
I. Do nowII. Finish notes on temperature and KEIII. Check Week 4 HomeworkIV. Review matter, classifying matter
and separating mixtures vocabularyV. Chromatography demonstrationVI. Vocab PictionaryHomework: Week 5 Homework p. 1-3
Kinetic Theory
Why does temperature change the state of matter?
Kinetic Theory: all matter is made of particles that are always moving.
Temperature: - a measurement of Kinetic Energy
(how fast particles are moving)- Measured in degrees Celsius or in
Kelvin (which we will get to later)
Absolute zero – the temperature at which all movement of particles stops
- This has never been reached
Different states of matter have different amounts of kinetic energy Solid low Liquid medium Gas highest
Solid Liquid Gas
low kinetic energy (KE) high kinetic energy (KE)
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
In any sample of matter, two forces are competing Bond forces are trying to hold the
molecules together Kinetic energy is trying to pull the
molecules apart Sometimes, Kinetic energy can
overcome bond forces
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Bond forces hold particles together. Kinetic energy may be great enough
to break bonds between particles (in a gas)
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
State Shape Volume Density
Particle motion
Forces
solid definite (fixed)
definite high slight vibration
Greater than KE
liquid not definite
definite high medium Similar to KE
gas not definite
not definite
low, varia-ble
very, very fast
Much less than KE
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which transition?Ice turns into water
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Freezing2. Melting3. Evaporating4. Deposition
10
Which transition?Water turns into steam
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Freezing2. Melting3. Evaporating4. Deposition
10
Which transition?Water turns into ice
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Freezing2. Melting3. Evaporating4. Deposition
10
Which transition?Water vapor turns into rain in clouds
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Evaporation2. Deposition3. Sublimation4. Condensation
10
Which transition?Water boils and turns into steam
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Evaporation2. Deposition3. Sublimation4. Condensation
10
Which transition?An ice cube looks like it’s making steam
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Evaporation2. Deposition3. Sublimation4. Condensation
10
Which transition?Cream and sugar turns into ice cream
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Freezing2. Melting3. Evaporating4. Deposition
10
Which transition?Snow turns directly into water vapor
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Evaporation2. Deposition3. Sublimation4. Condensation
10
Which state of matter?Has the strongest bond forces?
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3
0% 0%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
10
Which state of matter?Has the highest kinetic energy?
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3
0% 0%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
10
Which state of matter?Takes the shape but not the size of its container?
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3
0% 0%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
10
Which state of matter?Has bond forces similar to its kinetic energy?
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3
0% 0%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
10
Which state of matter?Has a definite size and shape.
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
1 2 3
0% 0%0%
1. Solid2. Liquid3. Gas
10
SWBAT identify characteristics, and model particle movement of the three states of matter, and transitions between those states.
Which state…1. Has the lowest Kinetic Energy?2. Has very strong bond forces?3. Has the highest Kinetic Energy?4. Has bonds that are broken most
easily?5. Has bond forces similar to its
Kinetic Energy?