Certification System Addressing Indirect Impacts of Biofuels: Jatropha

production on Unused Land in Mozambique

Rito Mabunda (WWF Mozambique)Moshi, 27th September 2010

Outline of the Presentation1. Context: incentives for development of Biofuels in

Mozambique2. Direct Land use Change vs Indirect Land use Change 3. Responsible Cultivation Areas Methodology:

Landscape Planning of sustainable Biofuels4. Certification System Addressing Indirect Impacts of

Biofuels Project: Jatropha on unused Land in Mozambique

5. Challenges for the success of the RCA in Mozambique : strengths and weaknesses

Context: incentives for development of Biofuels in Mozambique

• Land: 7 million ha of available• Enabling environment: Policy and strategy for

Biofuels (2009); Regulation for mixture of diesel/gasoline (under development, 2010) and, Cooperation agreements (Brazil, EU, Italy, Netherlands) and promotion campaign to attract investors.

• On-going initiatives: Inter-Ministerial working Group; CSO forum and multi—stakeholder platform and, 39 private projects.

Direct Land use Change vs Indirect Land use Change from Biofuels

• Direct Land use Change (DLUC): displace prior land use (crop production, forest, wetlands, grassland, settlements, etc.).

• Indirect Land use Change (ILUC) – displacement of other land prior production functions – Spatial ILUC : displacement to other

location– Temporal ILUC: Shifting use in same location– Use ILUC: Shifting biomass use in the same

location

– Displaced activity/use ILUC: Shifting activity to other country

WWF Strategy : helping companies top comply with Biodiversity safeguards

Fundamentals: • Land use: “Go” (RCA) and “No-go” (HCV) areas. • Markets: – Help companies to make the right choice.– Help investors to invest in sustainable projects. – Work with consumers. Standards development and

certification (RSB, RSPO, RTRS, BSI). • Governments: to develop frameworks for

responsible production and consumption, especially wider sustainability issues

Responsible Cultivation Areas Methodology: Landscape Planning of sustainable Biofuels

1. Develop and field-test a practical definition and methodology for RCA, where energy crops can be produced responsibly with minimum risk of indirect land use change;

2. Focus on known and debated practical measures to reduce D(I) LUC: – Production of Biofuels on “ Unused” Land – Increase Productivity of Energy crops – Integration with Other Economic Activities

Defining “Responsible Production”

•HCV: Does not contribute to the conversion of High Conservation Value Areas•Carbon effects: does not lead to unacceptable GHG emissions•Displacements effects: Avoid displacement across borders and Crops•Land use rights: respects land rights and responsibilities

•Crop Suitability: takes into account agronomics

Certification for Indirect Impacts : Jatropha on unused Land in Mozambique

• Objective: develop and field test a certification module that prevent indirect impacts/displacement

• Pilot projects: integration models (Brazil), efficiency/productivity increase (Indonesia), use of residues (RSA) and Unused land (Mozambique) and small land use requirement

• Results: certify the pilot project using a set of criteria and indicators developed prevention of Indirect Impacts applicable in voluntary (RSB) and regulatory schemes (RED)

Jatropha on Unused Land in Mozambique Key Actions under the project in Mozambique• Identification of suitable land and sustainable from RCA• Request Government concession and involvement• Set Baseline levels of Production• Demonstrate additionality : barriers, commons practices

and regulatory framework (would not have been used)• Verification by Audit Body• Test Possibilities for certification – test of a project• Good practice Guidelines for producers and Dissemination • Find investor for the identified area

Challenges for the success of the RCA in Mozambique : strengths and weaknesses

Opportunities/Strengths • Existence of good agriculture data: UEM (Moz) and IIAM. • Strong spatial Mapping and land use classification Capacity

within Govt and NGOs: UIF (MOZ); WWF ZIMBABWE and WWF Kenya

• Vibrant network of NGOs, CBNRM Fora; National Forum for Biofuels, Farmers associations to advocate for land use rights: ORAM and CTV (Moz)

• Governments are engaged in Climate Change programs: REDD Strategy for Mozambique

Challenges for RCA in Eastern and Southern Africa: Focus to Mozambique

Opportunities/Strengths • HCVF National Interpretation was carried out in

Mozambique

Weakness/Threats• Economic viability of “unused” land (low

productivity and need for fertilization)• “Unused” land do not satisfy the demand for large

areas

Thank you very muchMuito Obrigado

Asante Sana