2.7 a study on psychosocial health problems

7/23/2019 2.7 a Study on Psychosocial Health Problems

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A Study On Psychosocial Health Problems AmongAdolescent Girls In Urban Area

* H. K. G. Singh, ** Madhavi L. H.*Department of Pediatrics, ** Department of Community Medicine ,

KBNIMS, Roz-B, Gulbarga

Abstract Introduction:

Ba ckgrou nd : Ad ol es ce nt ag e grou p is Adolescent-girl health determines the health ofcharacterized by rapid biopsychosocial changes future generation. Adolescence age group iswhere socio-demographic factors affect her period of rapid complex changing process ofhealth. Adolescent girls are not only the health emotional, physical and social maturationof future citizens but also the future mothers of leading to functional independence into adultthe nation. life.

Objective: 1) To find out the health problems Health of adolescent depends on their ownamong adolescent girls. 2) To study the social be hav io r, fami ly, so ci et y, ma ss med iaproblems among adolescent girls. communication, their peers and other adults

with whom they interact. Many of theMethod: A community based cross-sectional behavioral, psychological factors influencingstudy was carried out among 238 adolescent the health of adult have their origin in thegirls aged 15-19 years in field practice area of adolescence, one of the reasons why this periodUrban Health Training Center community of of life is now receiving greater attention fromGulbarga during April 2002 to July 2002. the community.Variables considered for the study were: Age,anemia, menstrual problems, social problems, Obstacles to adolescent health are inadequatebehavioral and psychological problems. level of understanding of health needs, lack of

training among health care provider resulting inResult: The study showed the prevalence of negative attitude towards adolescents andanemia was 57.14%. Anxiety neurosis was insufficient interpersonal communication skillnoticed among 5.46% girls. Most common in working with young people. Most of themenstrual problem was dysmenorrhea services are designed for either adult or(28.57%) followed by menorrhgia (0.42%). children and are often quite inaccessible toAdolescent girls are mostly neglected because :- adolescents. Lack of coherence in policy andthey are not the future earning member of legislation regarding how the information andfamily(4.20%); dependence during old services can be provided to adolescentsage(1.26%); girls are considered as parayadhan including matters regarding confidentiality and(1.26%) and stigma of being born as girl child consent.(2.52%). The commonest cause of schooldropout(58.82%) was to take care of younger The present study was planned to find out thesibling, poverty, menarche, marriage , domestic health problems among adolescent girls inwork etc. Conclusion: Strengthen the Kishore urban area of Gulbarga.Shakti Yojana activities.

Key words: Adolescent gir l , anemia,depression.

Corresponding Author : Dr. H. K. G. SinghProfessor and HOD, Dept of Pediatrics, K.B.N.I.MS, Gulbarga36


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Aim: 136(57.14%) based on the criteria of Hb < 12gms%. Adolescent girls 68(69.23%) of this areaTo study the different aspects of health were free from menstrual problems and onlyproblems of adolescent girls at urban field 73(30.67%) adolescent girls had menstrualpractice area of Urban Health Training Centre problems. Most common menstrual problemGulbarga. was dysmenorrhea 68(28.57%) followed by

menorrhagia 4(1.68%) and oligomenorrhoea 1(0.42%). Finding of the behavioral andObjective:psychological problem of adolescent girls1. To find out the health problems amongrevealed that 5(2.10%) were suffering fromadolescent girlsdepression. Anxiety neurosis and insomnia was

2. To study the social problems of adolescent present among 13 (5.46%) and 06(2.52%)girls. respectively .Suicidal tendency was present

among 03(1.26%) adolescent girls. Addiction togutkha supari, tobacco like product was presentMaterial and methods:among 5(2.10%) girls. (Table I)

Community based cross-sectional study was

carried out among 15-19 years adolescent agegroup girls in urban field practice area comingunder the jurisdiction of Urban Health TrainingCentre at Gulbarga form April 2002 to July 2002.The population of Urban Health Training Centrefield practice was 3006. A detailed house tohouse survey was done. A total of 238adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years residing inthe study area were selected and studied.

To ensure cooperation the study subjects wereexplained in full detail the purpose andobjective of the study. They were reassured thatthe information gathered would be maintainedas strictly confidential. The information wascollected in the pre-designed, pretested, semi

Adolescent girls going to school werestructured interview schedule and clinical98(41.18%). High school drop-out rate amongexamination was done.adolescent girl was 140(58.82%). It was due to

Data was collected on age at menarche, the following reasons,: 1) adolescent girls weremenstrual problem and social problems bestowed with the responsibility of youngeretc.Validity of social problems were cross siblings 2) domestic work 3) poverty 4)checked by asking questions to parents and ignorance 5) menarche 6) marriage, etc.

grand parents. Hemoglobin examination was Number of adolescent girls married werecarried out by the Sahlis method. Study subjects 75(31.51%) and 10 (4.20%) adolescent girl1with < 12 gms was considered as anemic . were neglected by family member the reason of

negligence were male as future earning person10(4.20%), stigma of born as a girl 6(2.52%),

Results: girl as paraya dhan and dependence during oldage 3(1.26%).(Table ll)Out of 238 adolescent girls studied overall

prevalence of anemia was found to be

Table I: Distribution of study populationaccording to health problems

Health Problem study population (n=238) no %1 Anemia 136 57.142 Menstrual ProblemMenorrhagia 04 1.68Dysmenorrhoea 68 28.57Oligomenorrhoea 01 0.423 Behavioral and Psychological Problem Anxiety neurosis 13 5.46Depression 5 2.10

Suicidal Tendency 03 1.26Insomnia 06 2.52 Addiction 05 2.10


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Similar finding was reported by Shahabuddin A.4K. et. al in his study in Bangladesh, which showed

98% of girls were anemic.In the present study most common problemfaced by adolescent was anxiety neurosis13(5.46%) followed by insomnia 6(2.52%),

depression 5 (%), suicidal tendency 3(1.26%)and addiction 5(2.10%) to tobacco gutkha etc.

Conclusion and recommendation:The present study revealed a higher prevalenceof anemia (57.14%) , school drop out (58.82%),Discussion:anxiety neurosis (5.46%) and early marriage

The present study was a cross-sectional study (31.51%) in girls less then 19 years age group .carried out in an urban community of Gulbarga This is a great public health problem which couldcity of Karnataka State. Adolescent girls between be addressed through distribution of IFA tablet238 between age group 15-19 years constituted and strengthening the IEC activities. Thesethe study group. The main aim was to find out the activities should be targeted towards adolescenthealth and social problem among them. The girls health educating them the importance offinding revealed that off the 238 study subjects, adolescent health care. Kishore Shakti Yojana136 (57.14%) were anemic 75 (31.51%) married which is directed towards adolescent healthand 140(58.82%) had left the school should be strengthened. A positive attitude of theIn the present study 165(69.33%) had normal parents towards adolescent girls shouldmenstrual cycle and menstrual problems were motivate the adolescent girls to develop thefaced by 73(30.67%) adolescent girls. Most trust and confidence in them in their familyc o m m o n m e n s t r u a l p r o b l e m w a s society andultimately become confident as thedysmenorrhoea 68(28.57%) followed by future mother of nation. Adolescent girls shouldmenorrhagia 4(1.68%) and oligomenorraghia be counseled regarding anxiety neurosis and

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1(0.42%) .Sing MM, Devi R. Gupta S. S . observed school dropout.in their study that commonest reported References:menstrual problem was dysmenorrhoea 1. A. H.Suryakantha: Nutrition and health part-(40.7%). ll chapter15: Community Medicine withIn the current study 75(31.51%) girls were recent advances. First edition2009.married. Similar finding was reported in the 2. Sing M. M, Devi R.,Gupta S. S: Awareness and3study done by Qumarun Nahar et. al (25%). The health seeking behavior of rural adolescentreasons for early marriage as mentioned by school girl on menstrual and reproductivefamily members was that the girl child was health problems: Indian Journal of Medicalconsidered to be paraya dhan and age at Science Oct-1999;53(10).menarche, therefore i t was the major

3. Qumarun Nahar et al: Reproductive needs inresponsibility of elders in the family to get B a n g l a d e s h : A c a s e r e p o r t .adolescent girl married early.Htt.www.icddr.org/mchr/working/wp199

The study finding shows that the overall 9.prevalence of anemia was 136 (57.14%). It was

4. Shahabuddin A. K. et al: adolescent nutritiondue to adolescent spurt of growth, menstrual lossin a rural community in Bangladesh: Indianand other reasons diet, personal hygiene etc.Journal of Pediatric:2000;67(2).

Table II: Distribution of study populationaccording to social problems

Social Problem study population (n=238) No. %1 Reason for neglecting female childrenGirl as paraya dhan 03 1.26Male as future earning person 10 4.20Dependence during old age 03 1.26Born as a girl 06 2.522 School drop out 140 58.823 Married 75 31.51

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2.7 a study on psychosocial health problems

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