26.3 The Cold War at home

Peter Jacobsen

• • Huac- • House Committee on Un-American

Activities, it was created from a congressional committee that’s purpose was to search out disloyalty before WW2. It’s so-called “claim to fame” was in 1947 when it began to investigate communist activities in the movie industry.

• • Hollywood 10-• The Hollywood 10 was 10 men that were

suspended from, the movie business when the HUAC accused them of being communist; they testified and were eventually sent to prison because they refused to answer the committee’s questions.

Key Terms

• • Blacklist- • A list made by the executives of

Hollywood, pointing out anybody who was believed to have a communist background. If you were put on that list, your career was essentially over because you couldn’t get any jobs.

• • Alger Hiss-• A man accused of being a soviet spy.

The man accusing him was Whittaker Chambers. Hiss was eventually accused of perjury and was sent to jail

Key Terms

• • Ethel and Julius Rosenberg-• The Rosenberg’s were members of the

American Communist party. They were involved with a case about leaking secret information about our atomic bomb to the soviets. They were convicted and given the death penalty

• • Senator Joseph McCarthy-• From Wisconsin, McCarthy, looking for a

way to get re-elected, decided to add to the concern about communism by making multiple accusations about communists in the government. He especially accused the democratic party of treason.

Key Terms

• • McCarthyism-• The term for McCarthy’s

technique of accusing members of the government of communism. After McCarthy publicly made accusations on the U.S. Army, he lost public support.

Key Terms

• Many were concerned when finding out that there were many communists/Russian spies in the country

• 80,000 Americans claimed to have affiliations with Communist party

• Many believed Truman wasn’t strict enough on communism in the United States

Concern at Home

• Many were afraid of being accused of communism let alone actually being communist

• Actors were afraid of being blacklisted, as it would end careers

• Regular civilians were also afraid to branch out and act different because that would lead to people accusing you of being communist.

Fear of being Accused

• 1947-HUAC and the Hollywood 10• 1948- Hiss accused of being a soviet spy• 1950- Rosenberg’s given death penalty for

leaking information about nuclear weapons to the soviets

• 1950-McCarran Act- outlawed any chance for totalitarian dictatorship in the US

• 1952- McCarthy’s accusations

Key Events

Two Nations Live on the Edge

26.4

Race for the H-Bomb

• 1949-soviets explore first atomic bomb• Truman orders the creation of a more

powerful bomb• 1952-united states explodes the first

thermonuclear device the H-bomb• 1953-Russia explodes a thermonuclear device

Brinkmanship is the way to go

• The us strategy was to keep peace by using all its force against any nation

• This promise would insure peace• What is this?• Brinkmanship • John Foster Dulles created this policy

The Cia’s “Covert operations”

• The president feared that Iran would turn to communism because its economy had faltered

• So he sent the CIA in and they convinced the shah or Iran to throw him out and replace him with someone the west liked

• This protected Iran • The CIA also operate against the government of

Guatemala because they believed them to be communist

Soviet Union activities

• Created the Warsaw pact which was an alliance with all the nations under their control

• In Hungary Khrushchev the premier of the soviet union promoted a reform minded leader for the country

• But then when Hungary wanted to leave the Warsaw pact they sent tanks in and killed 30,000 protesters

The cold war takes to the skies

• Russia starts the space race by launching Sputnik on October 4, 1957

• The US begins to use high altitude U-2 planes to capture images of the soviet union with high resolution

• The last U-2 flight was shot down and the pilot Francis Gary Powers was captured and tortured

Americas leader

• Dwight D. Eisenhower was president during this time

• He was a general in WW2 and strongly against communism

• He created the Eisenhower doctrine • What is it?• It stated that the US would defend the middle

east against any attack by a communist country

Key Terms

• H-Bomb-Hydrogen Bomb• Brinkmanship-The willingness to go to the

brink or edge of war• CIA-Central Intelligence Agency used spies to

gather information abroad• Warsaw Pact-Military alliance between the

Soviet Union and the satellite nations it controlled in Eastern Europe.

Key Terms continued

• Eisenhower Doctrine-Said that the United States would defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country

• U-2 incident-When a CIA spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union while trying to take infrared pictures.

People

• Francis Gary Powers-The man piloting the u-2 plane when it was shot down over the Soviet Union

• John Foster Dulles--Secretary of State under Eisenhower

• Had an aggressive stance against communism and negotiated treaties to prevent it

• Hated communism

Postwar America 27.1

By Joshua Smith

Key terms

• GI Bill of Rights• Suburbs• Harry S Truman• Dixicrats • Fair Deal• Dwight D Eisenhower

Readjustment and Recovery

• The GI Bill of rights was passed in 1944 it

encouraged Veterans of World war II to get an

education and it helped them buy houses.

• There where these new living areas on the rise

called suburbs which were residential areas

outside the city

Suburb

Suburb in the 1950

Readjustment and Recovery

• In the 1950’s the divorce rate became higher.• The gov. had to cancel war contracts they cost

35 billion dollars.• People started to spend more money.•

Economic Challenges

• When Truman was in office he inherited economic challenges.

• 4.5 million people went on strike. Then The workers slowly went back to work.

Social Unrest

• Truman Says “I am asking for equal opportunity for all human beings… and if that ends up in my failure to be reelected that failure will be in a good cause” Truman says in this quote that he is a advocate for civil rights

• The Dixicrats were a political party who opposed Civil Rights.

Dixicrats

• This is a picture of a • Dixicrat rally

Social Unrest

• Jackie Robinson becomes the first black man to play Major league baseball.

Fair Deal

• Truman had an expansion of FDR’s New Deal called the Fair deal.

• This deal has to do with helping people get Health insurance.