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2.6 NAM FA HYROPOWER PROJECT

The Nam Fa Project is located in Bokeo Province on the Nam Fa (Nam Pha). The layout of the Project is shown in the attached plan. The project configuration developed for the PSDP involved a 130 m dam with a 70 MW power station at its base generating electricity from the head created by the dam. The Consultant has evaluated the Project using:

• Existing field data – no new field data was collected;

• Updated hydrology (1966 to 2002 streamflow series);

• EVALS hydropower dimensioning and evaluation software;

The technical and economic characteristics of the Project are summarized in the following table. With a specific generation cost of 10 ¢/kWh, the Project is not attractive from an economic perspective and in the current market there are better generation alternatives for supplying north-western Lao PDR. No project interactions were assumed in determining these outputs. The EVALS outputs are provided. Some environmental and social costs are accounted for in the EVALS evaluation and are reflected in the program outputs.

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Technical and Economic Data (Source: EVALS Output):

Development: Installed Capacity Factor 1.75 Contractual status No mandate issued Level of study InventoryAccess Roads: New road 10 km Rehabilitation 0 kmHydrology: Name of river Nam Pha Av. annual precipitation (dam site) 2,166 mm/a Ave. Reservoir Inflow 45.2m3/sReservoir: Full supply level (FSL) 530 m asl Minimum operating level (MOL) 515 m asl Max storage volume (FSL) 2330 hm3

Active storage volume 895 hm3

Maximum reservoir area (FSL) 71.6 km2

Reservoir filling time 19.5 monthsDam: Main dam type Concrete Faced Maximum height 130 m Crest length 600 mDiversion: Design discharge 1,690 m3/s Tunnel Diameter 10.8m Tunnel Length 740 mSpillway: Spillway type Gated Chute Design discharge 2,000 m3/sPower Station: Type Surface Number of units 2 Turbine type Francis Turbine rated head 98 mTransmission: Line Length 154 km Voltage 115 kVOutput: Installed Capacity 70 MW Guaranteed capacity (95%) 57 MW Average generation 295 GWh p.a. Primary generation (95% firm) 280 GWh p.a. Secondary generation 15 GWh p.a. Average plant factor 47 %Economic: Basic project cost (no esc. or IDC) 237 mUS$ Capacity cost 4,101 US$/kW Average energy cost 10.5 ¢/kWh Weighted energy cost5 10.8 ¢/kWh

5 The calculation of weighted generation cost values secondary energy at half the value of primary energy

based on a definition of primary energy as energy produced with 95% firmness.

Power System Development Plan August 2004 Final Report – Vol C: Project Catalogue 17

2.7 NAM KONG 1 HYDROPOWER PROJECT

The Nam Kong 1 Hydropower Project is located in Attapeu Province on the Nam Kong, a southern tributary of the Se Kong River, in the upland area which forms the south eastern Lao border with Cambodia. The scheme is within 20km of the Lao-Cambodian border and about 30km south and west of the regional capital of Attapu.The location of the Project is shown in the attached plan. Due to its size, location and economics, Nam Kong 1 is envisaged primarily as an export project selling to Vietnam or Cambodia as its principal market No exclusive mandate to develop the site presently exists. The Nam Kong 1 project was identified in the 1995 JICA Se Kong Master Plan Study and was studied by Halcrow to pre-feasibility level in 1998. Social and environmental studies of the site have been carried out to IEE standards. The PSDP project configuration involves an 80 m dam and a headrace tunnel to divert stored flows to the powerhouse approximately 3 km downstream where electricity is generated using the head provided by the dam and the steep river gradient between dam and powerhouse. The Consultant has evaluated the Project using:

• Existing field data – no new field data was collected;

• Updated hydrology (1966 to 2002 streamflow series);

• EVALS hydropower dimensioning and evaluation software;

The technical and economic characteristics of the Project are summarized in the following table. No project interactions were assumed in determining these outputs. The EVALS outputs are provided. Some environmental and social costs are accounted for in the EVALS evaluation and are reflected in the program outputs.

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Technical and Economic Data (Source: EVALS Output):

Development: Installed Capacity Factor 1.75 Contractual status No mandate issued Level of study PrefeasibilityAccess Roads: New road 32 km Rehabilitation 0 kmHydrology: Name of river Nam Kong Av. annual precipitation (dam site) 1,944 mm/a Ave. Reservoir Inflow 58.3 m3/sReservoir: Full supply level (FSL) 320 m asl Minimum operating level (MOL) 285 m asl Max storage volume (FSL) 297 hm3

Active storage volume 271 hm3

Maximum reservoir area (FSL) 12.1 km2

Reservoir filling time 1.5 monthsDam: Main dam type Concrete Gravity Maximum height 32 m Crest length 160 mDiversion: Design discharge 1,470 m3/s Tunnel Diameter 11.6 m Tunnel Length 400 mSpillway: Spillway type Gated Chute Design discharge 2,750 m3/sPower Station: Type Surface Number of units 4 Turbine type Francis Turbine rated head 163 mTransmission: Line Length 77 km Voltage 115 kVOutput: Installed Capacity 150 MW Guaranteed capacity (95%) 117 MW Average generation 626 GWh p.a. Primary generation (95% firm) 365 GWh p.a. Secondary generation 260 GWh p.a. Average plant factor 46 %Economic: Basic project cost (no esc. or IDC) 202 mUS$ Capacity cost 1,525 US$/kW Average energy cost 4.1 ¢/kWh Weighted energy cost 6 5.1 ¢/kWh

6 The calculation of weighted generation cost values secondary energy at half the value of primary energy

based on a definition of primary energy as energy produced with 95% firmness.

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2.8 NAM LONG HYDROPOWER PLANT

The Nam Long Hydropower Project is located on the Nam Long in Luangnamtha Province. The layout of the Project is shown in the attached plan. It involves the construction of a small dam of about 18 m height and a headrace tunnel that cuts off a loop in the river to divert flows to the powerhouse some 10 km downstream. The head generated by the dam and river gradient is about 470 m. The Consultant evaluated the Project using:

• Existing field data – no new field data was collected;

• Updated hydrology (1966 to 2002 streamflow series);

• EVALS hydropower dimensioning and evaluation software;

• SESAMEE environmental and social impact assessment.

Luangnamtha will connect to the Central Grid in 2006 under the ADB Power Transmission Development 2 project. The Project would therefore interconnect with the EdL system through a transmission line to Luangnamtha. The technical and economic characteristics of the Project are summarized in the following table. With a weighted generation cost of 5.5 ¢/kWh, the project is attractive but in the current market it is more expensive than alternative sites in the Central Grid. However, it is ideally located to provide system benefits including voltage support, loss reduction and supply security for the loads in the northern provinces. The EVALS outputs are provided. No project interactions were assumed in determining these outputs. Some environmental and social costs are accounted for in the EVALS evaluation and are reflected in the program outputs. The project’s wider impacts have been assessed using SESAMEE and are internalized into the evaluations reported in Section 6 of Volume A, Main Report. A feasibility study of the project is recommended.

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Technical and Economic Data (Source: EVALS Output):

Development: Installed Capacity Factor Run-of-river Contractual status No mandate issued Level of study InventoryAccess Roads: New road 15 km Rehabilitation kmHydrology: Name of river Nam Long Av. annual precipitation (dam site) 1,944 mm/a Ave. Reservoir Inflow 2.9 m3/sReservoir: Full supply level (FSL) 1,010 m asl Minimum operating level (MOL) 1,010 m asl Max storage volume (FSL) 0.37 hm3

Active storage volume hm3

Maximum reservoir area (FSL) 0.0 km2

Reservoir filling time 0.5 monthsDam: Main dam type Concrete Gravity Maximum height 18 m Crest length 110 mDiversion: Design discharge m3/s Tunnel Diameter 3.0 m Tunnel Length 5,800 mSpillway: Spillway type Ungated Ogee Design discharge 299 m3/sPower Station: Type Surface Number of units 2 Turbine type Pelton Turbine rated head 471 mTransmission: Line Length 33 km Voltage 115 kVOutput: Installed Capacity 11.93 MW Guaranteed capacity (95%) 11.92 MW Average generation 63 GWh p.a. Primary generation (95% firm) 50 GWh p.a. Secondary generation 13 GWh p.a. Average plant factor 60 %Economic: Basic project cost (no esc. or IDC) 25.88 mUS$ Capacity cost 2,390 US$/kW Average energy cost 5.0 ¢/kWh Weighted energy cost 7 5.5 ¢/kWh

7 The calculation of weighted generation cost values secondary energy at half the value of primary energy

based on a definition of primary energy as energy produced with 95% firmness.

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2.9 NAM MO HYDROPOWER PROJECT

The Nam Mo Hydropower Project is located on the Nam Mo in Xiengkhouang Province. Nam Mo is being promoted as an export project to Vietnam. Its layout is shown in the attached plan. The Project is in the upper headwaters of the Nam Mo, where a dam of about 50 m would create a small reservoir of approximately 11 km2 and a headrace tunnel would divert flows to a downstream powerhouse taking advantage of the steep river gradient to create more head.

Lack of access to data related to downstream social and environmental conditions in Vietnam has limited the evaluation presented here of the implications for Lao PDR. The Project has been studied to feasibility level by its developer. The Consultant evaluated the Project using:

• Existing field data – no new field data was collected;

• Updated hydrology (1966 to 2002 streamflow series);

• EVALS hydropower dimensioning and evaluation software;

• SESAMEE environmental and social impact assessment.

The technical and economic characteristics of the Project are excellent. They are summarized in the following table. No project interactions were assumed in determining these outputs. The EVALS outputs are provided. Some environmental and social costs are accounted for in the EVALS evaluation and are reflected in the program outputs. The project’s wider impacts have been assessed using SESAMEE and are internalized into the evaluations reported in Section 6 of Volume A, Main Report.

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Technical and Economic Data (Source: EVALS Output):

Development: Installed Capacity Factor 1.75 Contractual status Concession Level of study FeasibilityAccess Roads: New road 50 km Rehabilitation 10 kmHydrology: Name of river Nam Mo Av. annual precipitation (dam site) 1,944 mm/a Ave. Reservoir Inflow 10.1 m3/sReservoir: Full supply level (FSL) 1,320.00 m asl Minimum operating level (MOL) 1,280.00 m asl Max storage volume (FSL) 291 hm3

Active storage volume 264 hm3

Maximum reservoir area (FSL) 10.8 km2

Reservoir filling time 8.5 monthsDam: Main dam type Earthfill Maximum height 82 m Crest length 94.38 mDiversion: Design discharge 1,420 m3/s Tunnel Diameter 12.6 m Tunnel Length 680 mSpillway: Spillway type Ungated Ogee Design discharge 2,890 m3/sPower Station: Type Surface Number of units 4 Turbine type Pelton Turbine rated head 803 mTransmission: Line Length 44 km Voltage 115 kVOutput: Installed Capacity 125 MW Guaranteed capacity (95%) 118 MW Average generation 602 GWh p.a. Primary generation (95% firm) 589 GWh p.a. Secondary generation 12 GWh p.a. Average plant factor 54 %Economic: Basic project cost (no esc. or IDC) 116 mUS$ Capacity cost 1,067 US$/kW Average energy cost 2.4 ¢/kWh Weighted energy cost 8 2.4 ¢/kWh

8 The calculation of weighted generation cost values secondary energy at half the value of primary energy

based on a definition of primary energy as energy produced with 95% firmness.

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2.10 NAM NGIEP 1 HYDROPOWER PROJECT

The Nam Ngiep 1 Project is located on the Nam Ngiep in Bolikhamxay Province. The location of the Project is shown in the attached plan. The Project with an ICF of 1.75 involves a main dam of about 150 m height creating a storage and head that is used for generating about 330 MW from a powerhouse located at the base of the dam. The project configuration includes a smaller downstream dam to re-regulate power station discharges. A generator at the re-regulation dam would have an output of about 40 MW. Due to its size, location and economics, Nam Ngiep 1 is well suited for an export role selling to Thailand or Vietnam or for supplying the domestic market. The PSDP system expansion analyses indicate that the optimal installed capacity of the Project for supplying the Central Grid would be about 215 MW. An exclusive mandate was awarded to Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) to investigate the site and the studies confirm the promise indicated in earlier studies. The Consultant evaluated the Project using:

• Existing field data – no new field data was collected;

• Updated hydrology (1966 to 2002 streamflow series);

• EVALS hydropower dimensioning and evaluation software;

• SESAMEE environmental and social impact assessment.

The technical and economic characteristics of the Project are summarized in the following table. The EVALS outputs are provided. Some environmental and social costs are accounted for in the EVALS evaluation and are reflected in the program outputs. The project’s wider impacts have been assessed using SESAMEE and are internalized into the evaluations reported in Section 6 of Volume A, Main Report. No project interactions were assumed in determining these outputs.

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Technical and Economic Data (Source: EVALS Output):

Development: Installed Capacity Factor 1.75 Contractual status Japanese consortium Level of study Feasibility studyAccess Roads: New road 0 km Rehabilitation 7 kmHydrology: Name of river Nam Ngiep Av. annual precipitation (dam site) 2,900 mm/a Ave. Reservoir Inflow 161.5 m3/sReservoir: Full supply level (FSL) 320 m asl Minimum operating level (MOL) 296 m asl Max storage volume (FSL) 2,250 hm3

Active storage volume 1,190 hm3

Maximum reservoir area (FSL) 66.9 km2

Reservoir filling time 2.9 monthsDam: Main dam type Concrete Faced Rockfill Maximum height 148 m Crest length 490 mDiversion: Design discharge 2,330 m3/s(main dam only) Tunnel Diameter 2 trnnels-11.2m ea Tunnel Length 1,100 mSpillway: Spillway type Gated chute(main dam only) Design discharge 4,830 m3/sPower Station: Type Surface/surface(Reg dam Number of units 2/2in brackets) Turbine type Francis/Kaplan Turbine rated head 127m (16m)Transmission: Line Length 137 km Voltage 230 kVOutput: Installed Capacity (inc re-reg dam) 330 MW (40 MW) Guaranteed capacity (95%) 258 MW (39 MW)(Reg dam Average generation 1,362 (174) GWh p.a.in brackets) Primary generation (95% firm) 1,031 (127) GWh p.a. Secondary generation 331 (46) GWh p.a. Average plant factor 47% (50%)Economic: Basic project cost (no esc. or IDC) 59.6 mUS$ Capacity cost 1.576 US$/kW(Reg dam Average energy cost 3.3 (4.1) ¢/kWhin brackets) Weighted energy cost9 3.7 (4.7) ¢/kWh

9 The calculation of weighted generation cost values secondary energy at half the value of primary energy

based on a definition of primary energy as energy produced with 95% firmness.