24.1 Liberal Reforms in Great Britian & Its Empire1800s - 1900s

Liberalism is BornIndustrial RevolutionLots of money and power to Great BritainLots of problems and social inequalitiesBelief that Enlightenment ideas and French Revolution ideas are correct

Belief govt must support/protect individual rights & civil liberties of individuals = liberalism

Liberalists are active!as you know, since 1688 & the Glorious Revolution, Parliment (not the monarchy) ruled Great Britain. Parliment made up of House of Lords and House of CommonsHouse of Commons was supposed to represent all British peoplebut, there were lots of restrictions on right to vote and right to hold officeVoting

Liberalists are active!voting was in the open (that is bad)districts were not based on changes in population (that is bad)only men who owned lots of $ could be elected into House of Commons (that is bad)no Jews, Catholics, etc. could hold political office (that is bad)Voting

Liberalists are active!voters protest - those in power dont want to reform or else it will end up like (gasp).... French Revolution!1829 Catholic Emancipation Act allows Catholics to serve in Parliment (if they recognize Protestantism is the religion of EnglandVoting

Liberalists are active!1832 Reform Bill - took seats in House of Commons from less populated areas and gave to industrial areasreduced property restrictions so now more people could votemiddle class now had a voice in Great Britains govt and in ParlimentVoting

Liberalists are active!resulted in birth of 2 major political partiesLiberal Party vs. Conservative PartyVoting

Liberalists are active!Social and Economic ChangeFactory Act 1833 - reformed working conditions of women and children1833 Slavery abolished - no more slavery in any British colony1833 Public Education - beginnings of free public education1846 Corn Laws Repealed- lowered taxes on corn - *first step towards free tradeThanks to the liberal party!

Disraeli and Gladstone

DisraeliQueen Victoria and Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli (Conservative) - now secret voting ballotall men can vote (no more property requirements)salaries for members of Parliment so now workers can afford to enter politics

DisraeliQueen Victoria and Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli (Conservative) - got control of Suez Canalsecured control of India for Great Britain

GladstoneQueen Victoria and Prime Minister William Gladstone (Liberal) Education Act of 1870 - public education for all childrenbegin use of secret ballotredrew districts so more accurately represent population

GladstoneQueen Victoria and Prime Minister William Gladstone (Liberal) Failed on Irish Question1801 Act of Union made Ireland part of Great Britain but they did not have representation in Parlimentpolicies caused bad economics in Irelandfaminemassive migration to US

Reforms of Early 1900s1905 Liberal Party born in England. Want social reform Want old age pensions, health insurance, unemployment insurance. need to tax the wealthy more to pay for thisParliment Act of 1911 - took away right of veto from House of Lords. Taxes raised. Some programs created

Reforms of Early 1900sWomens suffrage - right to vote. Emmeline Pankurst began the movtRight to vote won after World War I