241 comparative study of safety awareness techniques · of safety awareness techniques s1, dr....

International Journal of Trend in

International Open

ISSN No: 2456

@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com

Comparative Study Mohamed Ismail.

1PG Student,Department of Mechanical Engineering

Bannari Amman Institute of Technology,

ABSTRACT Employee safety should hold enormous significance for each organization. First and foremost, each worker has the privilege to work in a safe and healthy environment. No employee or their families ought to need to endure as a result of avoidable danwork environment. This paper tells about, how importance safety awareness, the worker should know the work place and occupational related hazard, how to engage people safely, how people doing job safely without any hazard. 80% of accident casafe act, eliminating this kind of accident we can improve safety awareness among workers. Some ofthe different methodology for improving safety awareness is the methodology include proper Education and Training, Conducting safety programs, Complimenting safe employees or safety reward, Employ safety incentive plan, Live demonstrations, Timely posting of safety information, awarenessthe people from danger by means ofsafety sings and Promoting Safety committee. These are the ways to alert the people from danger. If we are following this methodology 100 percentage of possible result expecting form worker as well as improving workplace safety also will be achieved. Keywords: safety awareness, work place hazard, alert people form danger, methodology, un safe act. 1. INTRODUCTION A human injury or death changes lives perpetually for families, friends, communities, and collwell. Human accident and enduring is measurable. DECREASING INJURIES REDUCES COSTS TO YOUR BUSINESS: If a worker is harmed at work, it costs the organization in lost work hours, expanded protection rates, laborers' remuneration premiums and possible litigationEfficiency is lost when different laborers need to

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD)

International Open Access Journal | www.ijtsrd.com

ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | Volume - 2 | Issue – 6 | Sep

www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2018

ative Study of Safety Awareness Techniques

Mohamed Ismail. S1, Dr. Muthukumar. K2, Janardhan. SStudent, 2Professor, 3Assistant Professor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu

safety should hold enormous significance First and foremost, each worker

has the privilege to work in a safe and healthy environment. No employee or their families ought to need to endure as a result of avoidable danger in the work environment. This paper tells about, how importance safety awareness, the worker should know the work place and occupational related hazard, how to engage people safely, how people doing job safely

accident caused by un safe act, eliminating this kind of accident we can improve safety awareness among workers. Some of

for improving safety awareness is the methodology include proper Education and Training, Conducting safety programs,

omplimenting safe employees or safety reward, Employ safety incentive plan, Live demonstrations, Timely posting of safety information, awareness of

by means of establishing Promoting Safety committee. These

ways to alert the people from danger. If we are following this methodology 100 percentage of possible result expecting form worker as well as improving workplace safety also will be achieved.

safety awareness, work place hazard, alert thodology, un safe act.

A human injury or death changes lives perpetually – and colleagues as

and enduring is can not be INJURIES REDUCES

COSTS TO YOUR BUSINESS: If a worker is harmed at work, it costs the organization in lost work hours, expanded protection rates, laborers'

possible litigation. Efficiency is lost when different laborers need to stop

work to manage the damage.compelled among them and have to create selfawareness amoung that will help them and have to create self-awareness among that will help them to make a leaning of “first safety then work”[1]Training as "arranged endeavors to encourage the learning of' particular OHS [occupational sahealth] capabilities. Past straightforward endeavors to transmit information, our definition incorporates a scope of endeavors intended to connect with with the objective of influencing inspiration, attitudesand conduct to improve worker health and safetywork. [2]A poster campaign awareness among workers can be upgradedConsideration was likewise paid to the part of the poster campaign in enhancing safety. The campaign was led in the shipbuilding industrycoordinated fundamentally to laborers who were presented to risk related with the the small group activity methodoffice in Linden conducting An educational programs tending to these issues was utilized in a training of 30 employee who might move toward becoming trainers. At that point, with some further help from Leopold, these 30 worker- trainers directed another ten classes in which 350 employee were trained. The training was so famous and viable, as indicated by Leopold, that the company denied additionally discharge time for the individuals who had not been trained.[examination we looked to inspect three hypotheses with respect to sorts of training and levels of OHS awareness furthermore, strengthening to take an interest in injury prevention. As hypothesized we watched that active training (workshops and outside training classes) had more grounded relationship with awareness than passive methods of training (web based training and work book). In accordance with our second hypothesis, we watched weaker

Research and Development (IJTSRD)

www.ijtsrd.com

6 | Sep – Oct 2018

Oct 2018 Page: 1527

f Safety Awareness Techniques S3

Tamil Nadu, India

“safety first” has to be compelled among them and have to create self-awareness amoung that will help them and have to

s among that will help them to make a leaning of “first safety then work”.

as "arranged endeavors to encourage the particular OHS [occupational safety and

Past straightforward endeavors to transmit information, our definition incorporates a scope of endeavors intended to connect with trainees

uencing inspiration, attitudes, worker health and safety at

A poster campaign is to decide if danger s can be upgraded.

Consideration was likewise paid to the part of the poster campaign in enhancing safety. The campaign

the shipbuilding industry and was coordinated fundamentally to laborers who were

related with the use of scaffolds.[3]A method at a General Motors

An educational programs tending to these issues was utilized in a training of 30 employee who might move toward becoming trainers. At that point, with some further help from Leopold,

trainers directed another ten classes oyee were trained. The training was

so famous and viable, as indicated by Leopold, that the company denied additionally discharge time for the individuals who had not been trained.[4]In this examination we looked to inspect three hypotheses

sorts of training and levels of OHS awareness furthermore, strengthening to take an interest in injury prevention. As hypothesized we watched that active training (workshops and outside training classes) had more grounded relationship with

passive methods of training (web based training and work book). In accordance with our second hypothesis, we watched weaker

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN:


relationship with training and strengthening than we improved the situation awareness, with just a single critical relationship between a mix of passive and active training and higher strengthening, contrasted with not accepting any training.[5]It has some time been perceived that open communication and continuous interactions amongst workers and supervisors are imperative hierarchicawhich different organizations with low accident rates from those with high accident rates Research has likewise demonstrated that safety communicationfundamentally connected with safety behaviorexample, consistence, safety knowledginvestment , and achievement of safety [6]Incentives are a proactive approach connected by administration to improve the safetyexhibitions of workers. The utilization of which incorporate both money related and nonfinancial prizes, can be useful for urging worker to be engaged with safety programs. Cases of monetary Incentives are cash or prizes, though nonfinancial fortification can be accomplished by positive evaluation, acknowledgment, or positive input[7]Borman and Motowidlo (1993) proposed two noteworthy parts of execution: task execution and contextual execution. These two parts of execution can be utilized to separate safety behaviors in the workplace. To begin with, in light of meanings of taskexecution, we utilize the term safety consistencportray the center safety exercises that should be completed by people to keep up workplace safetySecond, in light of meanings of contextualwe utilize the term safety interest to portray practices[8]The connections between safety culture and safety execution and whether there is simulative impact for safety execution have dependably been the point for investigating. In any case, it has been affirmed that the connection between safety culture and safetexecution is qualitative and quantitative both from hypothetical investigation and experimental study. [9]OHS training alludes to arranged endeavors to encourage the learning of OHS-particular capabilitiesOHS training can likewise engagelaborers and supervisors to end up more active in rolling out improvements that upgrade worksite safety 2. METHODOLOGY USED The following methodologies were put into use on a trial basis in edible oil manufacturer companyresponse from the workers and the management was noted.



relationship with training and strengthening than we improved the situation awareness, with just a single

een a mix of passive and higher strengthening, contrasted

It has some time been perceived that open communication and continuous interactions amongst workers and supervisors are imperative hierarchical attributes, which different organizations with low accident rates from those with high accident rates Research has

safety communication was safety behavior, for

safety knowledge, safety , and achievement of safety programs.

are a proactive approach connected by tration to improve the safety related

exhibitions of workers. The utilization of Incentives, which incorporate both money related and

can be useful for urging worker to programs. Cases of monetary

are cash or prizes, though nonfinancial fortification can be accomplished by positive evaluation, acknowledgment, or positive input

and Motowidlo (1993) proposed two noteworthy parts of execution: task execution and

execution. These two parts of execution safety behaviors in the

, in light of meanings of task consistence to

that should be workplace safety.

contextual execution, interest to portray practices.

The connections between safety culture and safety execution and whether there is simulative impact for safety execution have dependably been the point for investigating. In any case, it has been affirmed that the connection between safety culture and safety

quantitative both from ion and experimental study.

to arranged endeavors to particular capabilities.

can likewise engagelaborers and in rolling out

s that upgrade worksite safety [10]

The following methodologies were put into use on a company and the

response from the workers and the management was

2.1 Safety induction trainingSafety Induction Standard course furnishes laborers and contractual workers with an essential learning of work place health and safetyprocedures. It gives a diagram of basic safety issues and an essential comprehension of how to apply safety and emergency methods. Safety induction ought to dependably be given to employees, trainees, contractual workers (includingorganization laborers) and volunteers, including those on work understanding. 2.2 Education and TrainingEducation and training are vital apparatuses for advising worker and supervisors about workplachazard and controls so they can work all the more safely and be more profitable. Another part of Education and Training, in any case, is laborers and supervisor with a morecomprehension of safety and health they can add to its improvement and execution.

Education and Training employees, managers with: � Knowledge and abilities expected to do their work

safety and abstain from making dangers that could put themselves or others in danger.

� Awareness and comprehension of hazard and how to recognize, report, and control them.

� Specialized training, when theirexceptional hazard.

2.3 Toolbox training safety experts to share and trade free safetyresource particularly Toolbox Topics, Toolbox Talkand other free safety resourceto such a large number of organizations noday by day safety meeting hextremely effective in helping workers about the significance to remember safetyundertakings. Toolbox Talks" , "Safety Meetings" or whatever your industryshort safety speak or meeting about a particular subject toward the start beginning of the shiftdiscussions should be possible in anyet are regularly a concise (2discourse meeting on something safety

International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470

Oct 2018 Page: 1528

Safety induction training Induction Standard course furnishes laborers

and contractual workers with an essential learning of work place health and safety lawful duties and

dures. It gives a diagram of basic safety issues and an essential comprehension of how to apply

methods.

ought to dependably be given to , contractual workers (including

nd volunteers, including those

Education and Training Education and training are vital apparatuses for

and supervisors about workplace hey can work all the more

ly and be more profitable. Another part of , in any case, is to provide

with a more prominent comprehension of safety and health program itself, so they can add to its improvement and execution.

raining gives supervisor,

Knowledge and abilities expected to do their work and abstain from making dangers that could

put themselves or others in danger. Awareness and comprehension of workplace

and how to recognize, report, and control

, when their work includes

safety experts to share and trade free safety point particularly Toolbox Topics, Toolbox Talks

e safety resource. In case you're similar to such a large number of organizations nowadays, the

meeting has demonstrated in helping workers about the

significance to remember safety in their day by day

Chats" , "Rear end gs" or whatever your industry calls them is a

speak or meeting about a particular beginning of the shift. These

discussions should be possible in anvariety of ways yet are regularly a concise (2-5 minute) intuitive

se meeting on something safety related.



Toolbox Topics are utilized to cover an varietyshort safety training subjects and to remind every prior day they go to work, the significance obeing protected 2.4 Conducting safety programs with safety

related term Game shows and quizzes which joins with safetyand schedules can be coordinated inside the work space. The games and questions let go ought to be from safety rule and regulations. At the point when such games are conducted, employee take in more and upgrade their insight about safety in the workplace. The individuals wuninformed about safety are excessively arranged by this philosophy. 2.5 Safety reward or Reward employees for safe

behavior It is continually a genuine propensity and an eager way to compliment a safe worker with the goal that others likewise watch the same. At the point when a is supplemented safe employee endeavors to spare every year and is a boost for otherworkers also. Complimenting works superior then safety meetings and observations. Also, subsequently complimenting and rewarding are a protected method to help up workers towards safety. Rather then reward high production focuses on that encourage speedy work with a contemptuous shrug towards safety, reward those worker who have taken after the entirety of your safety rules and have given productive work reliably. By putting an accentuation on safety rather than efficiency 2.6 Assign Safety Champion They are usually conducted to focused employee attention on specific accident problem and frequently associated with a particular slogan or theme to maintain interest and visibility. They may use media such as posters, banners, video types, booklets and a variety of written and oral communications.



utilized to cover an variety of subjects and to remind employees

every prior day they go to work, the significance of

Conducting safety programs with safety

Game shows and quizzes which joins with safety rule and schedules can be coordinated inside the work

go ought to be from

At the point when such games are conducted, take in more and upgrade their insight about

. The individuals who are are excessively arranged by

afety reward or Reward employees for safe

It is continually a genuine propensity and an eager worker with the goal that

At the point when a is supplemented safe employee he endeavors to spare every year and is a boost for other

Complimenting works superior then safety meetings and observations. Also, subsequently complimenting and rewarding are a protected method to help up

focuses on that speedy work with a contemptuous shrug

who have taken rules and have given ting an accentuation

They are usually conducted to focused employee attention on specific accident problem and frequently associated with a particular slogan or theme to

media such as posters, banners, video types, booklets and a variety of written and oral

They are aimed at increasing awarenessinformation and changing attitudes in an effort to produce behavior change. The intended effect of safety championof behavior modification and programmeattempt to get employees, supervisors and managers to make safety an integral feature of proficient jobperformance. 2.7 Safety information should be reach employeeIt is constantly a good plan to cause a different place where safety related data is usable. At the point when your organization controls a website, a separate portal can be conferred iintranet only for safety information which makes coming up such safety data easywhen they need. The information can incorporate proposals, procedural manuals, accident investigation’s findingsheets and furthermore training videos At the point when such information and it helps the worker a considerable mrunning for safety related information. 2.8 Employee safety incentive planTo take out or build up safety plan, safety incentive program can be discovered. These programe are fun and effective approaches to train employees with respect to safety at work. The programe set them up with some little insights in regards to safety and how to work safely in the system. 2.9 Live demonstrations To get people associated with your msafety try to show live showings among employees. Make the employees to show so the worker present can bring up their mistakes and help them enhance their method for working and take after safetythusly potential harm being caused to be stayed away from. 2.10 Timely posting of safety informationThe authoritative team can post videos, pamphlets and email with respect to safety measures to their employees.


Oct 2018 Page: 1529

e aimed at increasing awareness, conveying information and changing attitudes in an effort to

afety champion is same as that of behavior modification and programmes that

, supervisors and managers to make safety an integral feature of proficient job-

Safety information should be reach employee It is constantly a good plan to cause a different place where safety related data is usable.

At the point when your organization controls a can be conferred in the

information which makes safety data easy for the employees

The information can incorporate proposals, procedural accident investigation’s findings, MSDS furthermore training videos.

At the point when such information easy to choose elps the worker a considerable measure when

related information.

Employee safety incentive plan To take out or build up safety plan, safety incentive

are fun and effective approaches to train employees with respect to safety at work.

The programe set them up with some little insights in regards to safety and how to work safely in the

To get people associated with your message about safety try to show live showings among employees. Make the employees to show so the worker present can bring up their mistakes and help them enhance

working and take after safety. By thusly potential harm being caused to their bodies can

Timely posting of safety information post videos, pamphlets and

email with respect to safety measures to their



Get the message dribble feed on occasion so the worker knows that safety at work put is significant. Despite the fact that employees are happy with their work constrain, convenient posting of such messages through email or notices influences them tomoment about safety. In this way workplace safetycan be improved. 2.11 Establishing safety signs Purpose of Signs: Safety signs give vital particular safety information from warning of danger, giving instruction and what kinds of personal protective equipment required for particular job. Danger Signs: These signs caution of particular hazard and radiation hazard. OSHA necessitates that all Danger Signs be of a similar sort of outline. A danger sign ought to be obvious to all. must be told that danger signs show impendand that unique precautionary measures are necessary. Caution Signs: Caution signs are utilized just tocaution against potential hazards or to alert against unsafe practices. All workers must be told that signs demonstrate a possible danger againappropriate safeguard should be taken. 2.12 Emotional stories work better To expand workplace safety, stories can be a smart thought as a human mind lean towards stories. Emotional stories should emotionally touch heart andbe more related to normal life, at sameexpressing story have littlehumor to reach human brain and it help worker focus on the story. Stories likewise give an enthusiastic connection the people and they recollect it until the end of time. At the point when real life stories are expressed to employees they concentrate more on workplace safety. 2.13 Promoting Safety committee get feedfrom employee Effective safety committees of executorsand ought to incorporate workers from all depatmentfabricating, transport, maintenance, front office staff,



Get the message dribble feed on occasion so the at safety at work put is significant.

es are happy with their f such messages

or notices influences them to review a In this way workplace safety

Safety signs give vital particular safety information from warning of danger, giving

personal protective

igns caution of particular . OSHA necessitates that

similar sort of outline. A to all. employees

signs show impending hazard ionary measures are necessary.

Caution signs are utilized just to caution against potential hazards or to alert against

practices. All workers must be told that caution danger against which

To expand workplace safety, stories can be a smart thought as a human mind lean towards stories.

emotionally touch heart and at same time

humor to reach human brain and it help worker focus on the story.

Stories likewise give an enthusiastic connection the people and they recollect it until the end of time. At

en real life stories are expressed to employees they concentrate more on workplace

oting Safety committee get feedback

executors are various and ought to incorporate workers from all depatment:

, front office staff,

and so on. They additionally get training on an assortment of safety subjects to make them more mindful of and eliminate workplace safety hazardsSafety managers regularly administer this of executors, however are available in a advisingsupporting role only. A health and safety committee vital method to enhance conditiocommittee gives a group to employees and management to cooperate to take care of health and safety issues. A viable commiteeinjury and illness at work and with health and safety issues among laborers, and supervisors and create procedures to make theworkplace can be safe and healthy. 2.14 Safety exhibition Worker knows hazard in the company, Thisbest way to improve worker awareness by providingSafety exhibition. Safety exhibition provided by company what are all the hazamake proto type equipment with safe working procedure. It help to worker recognize hcompany by seeing proto type equipment. It can be installed near company entrance because any visitor, contract worker, management staff comes in company after completing safety induction trainingwill be directed to go through the prototype models to understand the safety features better. 2.15 Safety meeting Safety officer has to conduct meeting on work site in every shift before work has to begin, safety officer interact people talk about previous accident happencompany and how to eliminate this kind of hazard because everyone know about hazard happen in company. This is the way to alert worker and doing work carefully without accident. Monthly once safety officer conduct meeting by calling all worker and management staff, the meeting duration does not exceeding 15 important to talk about brief about safety and end of the meeting read safety pledge. The safety pledgeshould have the local language


Oct 2018 Page: 1530

and so on. They additionally get training on an assortment of safety subjects to make them more

eliminate workplace safety hazards. administer this commitee

wever are available in a advising or

health and safety committee of trustees can be a ce conditions at work. The group to employees and

operate to take care of health and safety issues. A viable commitee can help prevent

and increment awareness health and safety issues among laborers, manager

and create procedures to make the workplace can be safe and healthy.

Worker knows hazard in the company, This is another e worker awareness by providing

Safety exhibition. Safety exhibition provided by company what are all the hazard having the company

type equipment with safe working procedure. It help to worker recognize hazard in

type equipment.

ar company entrance because any visitor, contract worker, management staff comes in company after completing safety induction training will be directed to go through the prototype models to understand the safety features better.

officer has to conduct meeting on work site in every shift before work has to begin, safety officer interact people talk about previous accident happen in company and how to eliminate this kind of hazard

know about hazard happen in This is the way to alert worker and doing

work carefully without accident.

Monthly once safety officer conduct meeting by calling all worker and management staff, the meeting

ation does not exceeding 15 minute. This meeting brief about safety and end of

ad safety pledge. The safety pledge should have the local language.



This picture represent, we already heard about this story, the story was the crow returned from a very long trip and was really thirsty. He searched allaround for drinking water; He saw some drinking water inside the pot. But, the crow’s beak could noreach the water, as the water level was very crow thinks for a while and anplan arose to him. He thought, ‘If I throw stone in the pot, the level of the water would go up. Then, crow will be the water easily’. Same as assume crow as management, pot as industry, stone as Improve worker safety knowledge we have to put awareness on the industry, automatically knowledge of worker safety as grows up easily, significantly reduce human injury as well as increase work place safety. 3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The research has done in one of the best edible oil manufacturer in India. After implementing all the safety measures within the specific period of time, the response was phenomenal from the workers for the following measures that we implemented:

EDUCATI

TRAINING

SAFETY POSTOR

SAFETY INCENTIV

INDUSTRY

SAFETY REWARD



This picture represent, we already heard about this the crow returned from a very

and was really thirsty. He searched all-He saw some drinking

the crow’s beak could not water level was very low. The

arose to him. He in the pot, the level of the

water would go up. Then, crow will be able of drink s assume crow as

management, pot as industry, stone as awareness. So Improve worker safety knowledge we have to put

he industry, automatically knowledge of worker safety as grows up easily, significantly reduce human injury as well as increase work place

The research has done in one of the best edible oil implementing all the

safety measures within the specific period of time, the response was phenomenal from the workers for the following measures that we implemented:

� The Safety induction training� Reward employees for safe behavior� Employee safety incentive� Emotional stories (Because of emotional appeal

and hands on training possible in these procedures.)

And following measures yielded good response:� Conducting safety programs with safety related

term � Live demonstrations � Toolbox training � Promoting Safety committee� Implementing Safety Champion Timely posting of safety information and Establishing safety signs are not having an expecting response from the workers of the company. 4. Conclusion The review of paper done so far has yielded the following points Train-the-Trainer Programs,and active training, safety communication, Surprising

CONDUCTING SAFETY

PROGRAMES

EDUCATION AND

TRAINING


Oct 2018 Page: 1531

Safety induction training Reward employees for safe behavior Employee safety incentive plan

Because of emotional appeal and hands on training possible in these

And following measures yielded good response: Conducting safety programs with safety related

Safety committee Implementing Safety Champion

Timely posting of safety information and Establishing not having an expecting response

from the workers of the company.

The review of paper done so far has yielded the Trainer Programs, passive

and active training, safety communication, Surprising

MANAGEMENT

APPOINT SAFETY

CHAMPIO



Incentive. The safety culture will be morethe methodologies mention in this paper will put into practice such as induction training, education and training, safety related programe, safety rewardAppoint Safety Champion, Employ safety incentive plan, Live demonstrations, Safety commimethods mention here are specific to improve safety culture. According to factory act 7A said the provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as are necessary to ensure the health and safety of all workers at work, it is have such training programe focusing on core aspect of safety. Therefore by following above mention methods safety can be improve significantly in any industry Reference 1. Talapatra, Subrata, and MdHabibur Rahman.

"Safety Awareness and Worker’s Health Hazards in the Garments Sector of Bangladesh."Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 3.9 (2016): 44-49.

2. O'Connor, Tom, et al. "Occupational safety and health education and training for underserved populations." New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 24.1 (2014): 83-106.

3. Saarela, KaijaLeena. "A poster campaign for improving safety on shipyard scaffolds."of Safety Research 20.4 (1989): 177-

4. Slatin, Craig. "Health and safety OCAW's worker-to-worker health and safety



more effective if the methodologies mention in this paper will put into practice such as induction training, education and training, safety related programe, safety reward,

mploy safety incentive plan, Live demonstrations, Safety committee. The methods mention here are specific to improve safety culture. According to factory act 7A said the provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as are necessary to ensure the health and safety of all workers at work, it is mandatory to have such training programe focusing on core aspect of safety. Therefore by following above mention methods safety can be improve significantly in any

Talapatra, Subrata, and MdHabibur Rahman. r’s Health Hazards

in the Garments Sector of Bangladesh." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and

O'Connor, Tom, et al. "Occupational safety and health education and training for underserved

: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health

Saarela, KaijaLeena. "A poster campaign for improving safety on shipyard scaffolds." Journal

-185.

Slatin, Craig. "Health and safety organizing: worker health and safety

training program." New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy11.4 (2002): 349-374.

5. Konijn, Astrid M., et al. "The effect of active and passive occupational health and safettraining on OHS awareness and empowerment to participate in injury prevention among workers in Ontario and British Columbia (Canada)."science 108 (2018): 286-291.

6. Keffane, Salim. "Communication's Role in Safety Management and Performance ofPractices." Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering 9.2 (2015).

7. Ghasemi, Fakhradin, et al. "Surprising incentive: An instrument for promoting safety performance of construction employees."work 6.3 (2015): 227-232.

8. Griffin , Mark A., and Andrew Neal. "Perceptions of safety at work: a framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation." Journal of occupational health psychology 5.3 (2000): 347.

9. He, Ahong, SuruiXu, and Gui Fu. "Study on the basic problems of safety culture."engineering 43 (2012): 245

10. Robson, Lynda S., et al. "A systematic review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety training." Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health (2012): 193


Oct 2018 Page: 1532

New Solutions: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health

374.

Konijn, Astrid M., et al. "The effect of active and passive occupational health and safety (OHS) training on OHS awareness and empowerment to participate in injury prevention among workers in Ontario and British Columbia (Canada)." Safety

291.

Keffane, Salim. "Communication's Role in Safety Management and Performance of the Road Safety

Jordan Journal of Civil

Ghasemi, Fakhradin, et al. "Surprising incentive: An instrument for promoting safety performance of construction employees." Safety and health at

, Mark A., and Andrew Neal. "Perceptions of safety at work: a framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and

Journal of occupational health 5.3 (2000): 347.

He, Ahong, SuruiXu, and Gui Fu. "Study on the asic problems of safety culture." Procedia

43 (2012): 245-249.

Robson, Lynda S., et al. "A systematic review of the effectiveness of occupational health and safety

Scandinavian journal of work, (2012): 193-208.

241 comparative study of safety awareness techniques · of safety awareness techniques s1, dr....

Documents