22 short cartridge details

7/27/2019 .22 Short cartridge details

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.22 Short

.22 Short

.22 Short, left;.22 Long Rifle,right

Type Rimfire

Place of origin USA

Production history

Manufacturer Smith & Wesson

Produced 1857

Specifications

Bullet diameter .222 in (5.6 mm)

Neck diameter .226 in (5.7 mm)

Base diameter .226 in (5.7 mm)

Rim diameter .278 in (7.1 mm)

Rim thickness .043 in (1.1 mm)

Case length .421 in (10.7 mm)

Overall length .695 in (17.7 mm)

Rifling twist 1-20" or 1-24"

Primer type Rimfire

Ballistic performance

Bullet weight/type Velocity Energy

27 gr (1.7 g) RN 1,164 ft/s 87 ftlbf
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(355 m/s) (118 J)

29 gr (1.9 g) RN830 ft/s

(250 m/s)

44 ftlbf

(60 J)

29 gr (1.9 g) RN1,132 ft/s

(345 m/s)

82 ftlbf

(111 J)

Source(s):Cartridges of the World[1]

.22 Shortis a variety of .22 caliber (5.6 mm)rimfireammunition.Developed in 1857 for the firstSmithand Wessonrevolver,the .22 rimfire was the first American metallic cartridge.[2]

The original loading was a 29 grain (1.88 g) or 30 grain (1.94 g) bullet and 4 grains (260 mg) ofblackpowder.The original .22 rimfire cartridge became designated the .22 Short with the introduction of the.22 Long cartridge in 1871.

Developed forself defense,the modern .22 Short, though still used in a few pocket pistols and mini-revolvers, is mainly used as a quiet round for practice by the recreational shooter. The .22 Short waspopularly used in shooting galleries at fairs and arcades; several rifle makers produced "gallery"models for .22 Short exclusively. Due to its low recoil and good inherent accuracy, the .22 Short wasused for theOlympic25 m Rapid Fire Pistol event until 2004, and they were allowed in the shootingpart ofmodern pentathlon competitions before it switched to air pistols.Several makes ofstarting pistols use .22 Short blank cartridges.

OverviewMost .22 Short bullets are made of lead (usually coated with grease or wax, or copper-plated) in

round nose or hollow point styles. Bullets for use at shooting galleries were often made ofcompressed powdered metal that disintegrated on impact to avoid ricochets and over-penetration of

backstops. The standard velocity .22 Short launches a 29-grain (1.9 g) bullet at 1,045feet per second (319 m/s) with 70 ftlbf (95 J) of energy from a 22 in (559 mm) riflebarrel and can penetrate 2 inches (51 mm) of soft pine.

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As a hunting round, the high velocity hollow point Short is useful only for small game such as treesquirrels and rabbits. For small game hunting in general, the greater energy and wider ammunitionselection of the.22 Long Rifle make it a more popular choice. In the American South, the .22 Shorthollow point is still very popular for use on raccoons, which are treed at night using dogs and shootingis at close range. In some states, the .22 Short is the only legal round to use for such hunting .

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Although the.22 Long Rifle has surpassed the .22 Short in the market place, many ammunitioncompanies still produce .22 Shorts, and in a fairly wide variety. Most makers utilize the standard 29-grain (1.9 g) solid round nose bullet and 27-grain (1.7 g) hollow point bullet weights for the .22 short.CCI makes several types: a CB Short at 727 ft/s (222 m/s), Target Shorts at 830 ft/s (250 m/s), theirstandard Short round with plated round nose bullet at 1,080 ft/s (330 m/s), and a high speed huntingload with plated hollow point bullet at 1,105 ft/s (337 m/s). The .22 Short high-velocity exceeds theperformance of the.22 Long and the .22 Short has displaced the .22 Long as an alternate to the .22Long Rifle for many .22 shooters. Fiocchi makes their Exacta Compensated Super Match SM200 withlead round nose at 650 ft/s (200 m/s). Remington produces a high velocity plated round nose at
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1,095 ft/s (334 m/s). Aguila makes both a match lead round nose at 1,095 ft/s (334 m/s), and a "highspeed" round with plated bullet also listed at 1,095 ft/s (334 m/s). Also available is the fine RWS R25match ammunition at 560 ft/s (170 m/s). Eley also makes their Rapid Fire Match cartridge at 750 ft/s(230 m/s).

Most of the target oriented and CB shorts are very quiet, due to being subsonic. When fired from afull-length rifle barrel, most .22 Short loadings are as quiet, if not quieter, than the average air rifle.The Aguila SSS (SubSonic Sniper) round uses a .22 Short case with a 60-grain (3.9 g) bullet (twice

the weight of the .22 Short bullet and half again as heavy as the .22 Long Rifle bullet) giving anoverall length of a .22 Long Rifle round, making categorizing the SSS problematic: while the SSScase size is .22 short, the firing chamber of the barrel must be .22 LR dimensions to accept the SSScartridge.

.22 Short caliber riflesThere have been many rifles chambered for the .22 Short over the years, but only several lever actionrifles are currently chambered for this round, notably theHenry andMarlin lever action rifles. Manyrifles in .22 Short were made between 19011940, mostly intended for gallery shooting and small

game hunting. Remington and Winchester produced the most rifles in .22 Short. Remington hasmade their Model 24 and Model 241 "Speedmaster" semi-autos as well as their Model 12 and 121"Fieldmaster" pump actions in .22 Short. Remington'sNylon 66GS Gallery Special (1962 to 1981)was one of the last .22 Short-only rifles made especially forshooting gallery use. Winchesterproduced a variety of different rifles in .22 Short caliber including the 1873 lever action, 1885 singleshot (in both Low Wall and High Wall variations), Model 1890, 1906 and 62A pump actions, Model 74semi-auto and the Model 61 pump action. Many of their bolt action rifles were available on a specialorder basis in .22 Short. Browning/FN also produced their dainty takedown semi-auto in .22 Short, onthe same John Browning design upon which the Remington Model 24 is based.

Note that many of these rifles are now collectors items, particularly the Winchesters, and demand a

premium in price over the same rifle chambered in .22 Long Rifle.

It should also be noted that many rifles marked ".22 Short, Long and Long Rifle" (or ".22 S, L, LR")will not shoot Short rounds with the same degree of accuracy as they will a Long Rifle nor asaccurately as a rifle designed for .22 Short exclusively.[citation needed]This is due to the excess chamberlength needed to allow chambering of .22 LR cartridges. This requires the bullet from a .22 Short totravel a short distance before it engages the rifling, which is detrimental to accuracy.
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