DEPOSITIONOFNANOPARTICLESUSINGINKJETTECHNOLOGYGiovanniDugnani,TPAspaRiccardoRobustelli,FratelliRobustellisrlUgoZaroli,FOR.TEXsrl

22°IFATCCINTERNATIONALCONGRESSStresa,May5-72010

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.   TEXTILENANO-TREATMENTS

2.   INK-JETTECHNOLOGY

3.   NANO-DEPOSITIONANDINK-JET:THESYNERGY

4.   APPLICATIONS

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TEXTILENANO-TREATMENTS

  Finishingtreatmentsbasedonthedepositofthinnetworksofnano-par[clesonthefabricsurfacearebecomingakeytechnologyinthetex[leindustry.

  Theyalloworiginalfunc[onaliza[onsoftex[leandclothing

products.

  Differentprocessesareavailable:SiliconSolgel,organicandhybridsolu[onscontainingnano-par[cles(metalsalts,carbonnanotubes,etc.)

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SOL-GELPROCESSES

On trea[ng tex[le substrates with a solu[oncontaining silicon (or other metal) basednanosols, the nanopar[cles condensate andaggregate into a three-dimensional inorganicnetwork due to their quite large surface tovolume ra[o, and ini[ally form a solvent-containinggellayeronthetex[lesurface.Inthesecond step this gel is dried and/or heated toremove solvent from the coa[ng. Finally axerogel layer is obtained, free of solventmolecules and having a porous structure thatmay entrap other nano-par[cles contained intheoriginalsolu[on.

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SILICASOL-GELPROCESSES

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CARBONNANOTUBES

Allotropes of carbon, having a cylindrical structurecons[tutedbythinwrappedupwallsThey have diameters of a few nanometers, andlengthmillions[meslargerAlmostmono-dimensionalstructureCharacterized by extreme tensile strength andelas[citymodulus,veryhighflexibilityTheyshowinteres[ngelectricalproper[es,metallicorsemiconductordepending fromlength,diameterandmorphologyThey have an important role in nanotechnologyengineeringActually used in conduc[ve inks,magne[c shields,thinpaperorfabricbaeeries,supercapacitors

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CARBONNANOTUBES

Scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) images of carbon nanotubesdepositedonanylonsurface

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GOALSFORFUNCTIONALTEXTILES

Improvedstabilityagainstmechanical,chemical,photochemicalorthermaldamageImprovedrepellencyproper[esagainstwater,oilandstainModifiedlightabsorp[onandemissionproper[es(e.g.UVfiltering)Uniquemagne[cproper[esandelectricalconduc[vity,e.g.,foran[sta[candelectromagne[cprotec[veeffectsImmobiliza[onandcontrolled-releaseofac[vestuff,e.g.an[microbial,therapeu[csubstances,flavours,etc.

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.   TEXTILENANO-TREATMENTS

2.   INK-JETTECHNOLOGY

3.   NANO-DEPOSITIONANDINK-JET:THESYNERGY

4.   APPLICATIONS

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INK-JETTECHNOLOGY

Ejec[ontechnology

Con[nuous Drop-On-Demand

Piezoelectric Thermal

VariableBinary

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THERMALHEADS

Inkisheatedtoitsboilingtemperaturebyasmallhea[ngelement

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PIEZOELECTRICHEADS

Apiezoelectricelementchangesitsshapeundertheac[onofanelectricalsignal,thuscompressinginkinsidethecell

Piezo

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DROPONDEMANDHEADS

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DROPEJECTION

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HIGHDENSITYHEADS

Implementedwithintegratedcircuittechnology,mostrecentink-jetheadsaeain densi[es exceeding 360 nozzles per inch, andmaymodulate dropvolumes

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INK-JETDOTS

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ESSENTIALSTRUCTUREOFANINK-JETFABRICPRINTINGMACHINE

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.   TEXTILENANO-TREATMENTS

2.   INK-JETTECHNOLOGY

3.   NANO-DEPOSITIONANDINK-JET:THESYNERGY

4.   APPLICATIONS

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NANO-DEPOSITIONANDINK-JET:ASYNERGETICAPPROACH

Digitalprin[ngtechnologyallowslocaliza[onandpaeerningofnano-treatmentsFunc[onaliza[onisobtainedjustwhereitisrequiredNowastes,noapplica[onofunusedcostlychemicalsOpportunitytocreatetracks,paeernsanddrawingscontainingvariousnano-materialsAsolu[onwai[ngforproblems:newrevolu[onary,exci[ngapplica[onsbecomeconceivable

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TECHNOLOGICALDRAWBACKS

Technologicalhazards:

depositoncellwalls,finallymodifyingejec[onqualitydeposit on nozzle edge, devia[ng the ejecteddropletsnozzlecloggingnozzleedgeerosioncrea[onoflumps

Conceptualsimplicityhidesneedofhighaccuracyandsophis[catedtechnology

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SCOPEOFTHERESEARCH

Op[miza[onofchemical,physicalandthermalcharacteris[csofinksandsolu[onstobeejectedPrecise[mingcontrolandshapingofVoltageWaveformsappliedtopiezocellsMethodsforpreven[nggelforma[onbeforeejec[onTechniquesforkeepingnano-par[clesizesunder100nanometersComposi[onandgeometricstructureofcellsareinves[gatedforavoidinginterac[onwithnano-materialsinthesolu[on

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CONTROLLINGELECTRICWAVEFORMS

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.   TEXTILENANO-TREATMENTS

2.   INK-JETTECHNOLOGY

3.   NANO-DEPOSITIONANDINK-JET:THESYNERGY

4.   APPLICATIONS

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Glassfiberfabric

Thermochromic,Ionochromic,photochromic

effects

APPLICATIONS

TEXTILEAND

FASHION

Light(UV)absorp[on

Specialdyeing

effects

Ac[veSportswear

SpecialFinishing

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APPLICATIONS

Localreleaseofbio-ac[vestuff,repellents,aromas

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APPLICATIONS

Biomedicalsensors(pressure,mo[on,temperature,dampness,etc.)Pharmaceu[caltreatmentsanddispensersRe-genera[onofhuman[ssues

27ELECTRO-TEXTILES

Antennas,

RadioFrequencyIden[fica[on

(RFID)

Conduc[vepaeernsfor

electronicdevices

Photovoltaicfabrics

Sensorsofchemicalandphysicalvariables

Wearablecompu[ngdevices

Intelligentinteriortex[les

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ELECTRO-TEXTILES

Conduc[vepolymerresistorsprintedusingink-jettechnology

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ELECTRO-TEXTILES

SEMphotosofink-jetprintedSilvercolloidondifferentsubstrates.NB.Bulkcopperhasanelectricalconduc[vityofabout5,8x107

Substrate Paper PET Film Cotton Fabric Print Thickness (micron) 5,29 4,55 7,56 Elect rical Conductivity (S/m) 2,76x105 2,71x105 8,76x104

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ELECTRO-TEXTILES

SEMphotosofsurfacesprintedwithSilvercolloid,alerdifferenttemperaturetreatments

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BENEFITSOFINK-JETNANO-DEPOSITION

Scalable, on-demand technology, limited to specific areas of fabric orclothingitemsNon-contact,speed,flexibility,crea[vity,cleanliness,highresolu[onReduc[onintheuseofchemicalstoachievethedesiredfunc[onaliza[onReducedcostsofexpensivecompoundsEnvironmentfriendly:reducedwaterconsump[on,wastesandpollutantsBeeercomfortandimprovedacceptanceofprotec[vewearImplementa[onofpreciseandsophis[catedpaeernsforvariousinnova[veusesHighleveltechnology,requiringandpromo[ngskilledmanpowerDigitalprin[ngisconceptuallythesimplestprin[ngtechnology:justaprintheadandachemicalsolu[on