21 st. century global challenges. global challenges in the 21 st century natural resources are being...

BioEarth QES Co-Generation Machine (BioEarth QES)

21st. Century Global Challenges.

Global challenges in the 21st Century Natural resources are being exhausted. Petroleum – instability/uncertainty with

cost and supply Depletion/degradation of the Global

environment Key values of BioEarth QES Technology

Resource Recovery from waste. Energy Recovery from waste. Reduce some major threats to the

environment. CO2 depletion

WHAT ‘The BioEarth QES’ CAN DO ?

Fuel Oil

Gas

Carbon/fertilizer

BioEarth QES SYSTEM

Recycling resourceOrganic Material

Inputs:Output Products:

TYPICAL APPLICATION RANGE

Used tires or waste rubberUsed tires or waste rubber

Waste plasticPP, PE, HDPE, PVC

Waste plasticPP, PE, HDPE, PVC

Agricultural wasteFood waste

Agricultural wasteFood waste

MSW*MSW*Removal of mercury from earth and sludge Removal of mercury from earth and sludge

Organic sludge Organic sludge

Removal of electrical wire insulation

Removal of electrical wire insulation

Landfill recoveryLandfill recovery

Waste wax, Petroleum waste

Waste wax, Petroleum waste

Electronic Waste Electronic Waste

Organic waste Organic waste

CoalCoal

Hospital WasteHospital Waste Carbon black modificationCarbon black modificationRe-treatment of

Activated Carbon Re-treatment of

Activated Carbon

*Municipal Solid Waste

SPECIFICATIONS OF BioEarth QES SYSTEM

– Power Consumption: < 10KWH, 220V 3Phase– Startup Diesel Oil Consumption: < 150L/2hr.– First Stage Operating Temperature:

200C ~ 450C, Adjustable– Second Stage Operating Temperature:

450C ~ 850C, Adjustable– Water Consumption: 100L/hr– Processing Rate: 1.5T/hr ~ 3T/hr– Dimensions (L X W X H): 12m x 2.3m x 2.3m– Maximum Condenser Processing Rate: 3000CMH– Maximum Chamber’s Volume of Reactor: 2.8m3

– Maximum Size of Loading: D=300mm

PROCESS AND HEAT FLOW – DIAGRAM 1

BioEarth

QES BioEarth QES combines a

two stage pyrolysis into one system.

BioEarth QES is an advanced combination of thermal cracking and steam cracking technologies.

The first stage deals with energy conversion.

The second stage deals with the removal of mercury and activated carbon.

The end products are: Fuel oil Carbon black / activated carbon Fuel gas


Screw loading

Stage I Pyrolysis

Stage II Pyrolysis

Condenser

Heat Source

Gas Treatment

Mercury Removing

Activated Carbon FilterBurner

Oil/WaterSeparatorOil Re-treatmentOil Storage tank

Waste Water Treatment

Super heater

SteamGenerat

or

Screw unloading

FUEL GAS

CLEAN WATER

OIL FOR SALE

CARBON BY-PRODUCT

Oil Reactor

OFF GAS

Hot Gas

Oil & Gas & Steam

FUEL OIL


Oil/

Ga

s/S

tea

m

Screw Loading

Stage I Pyrolysis

Stage II Pyrolysis

Screw Unloading

Heat Generator

Gas/ Oil Burner

SuperHeater

Heat Exchanger

Pre-Heater

VentilatorWaste Inlet

Off Gas

Fuel GasFrom Condensers

Fuel OilSupply System

Carbon BlackFor Sales

Oil

Gas

Retr

eat


Special loading machine (3 ton/hour)

Waste Received from client1. Mixed Plastic2. Used tire chips3. ….etc.

conveyor

Oil Storage Tank

Oil sold to clients1. textile industry2. Fired Power station

ECS2000C

Waste Water treatment Tank

Special unloading machine

Magnetic Selector

Steel Storage Tank

Grinder and Selectors, 300M mesh, Carbon Black

Dryer Off gas from ECS2000S

Carbon Black sold to1. Rubber Companies2. Plastic companies3. Color material, like pigment

Off gas exhauster

Steel sold to1. Steel Recycle Companies

Pyrolytic Gas /Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 5

Stage I Condensing

Stage II Condensing

Cyclone Filter

Scrubbing Cleaner

Dehumidifier

Activated Carbon Filter

Wate

r/O

il T

an

k

Coolin

g

Cooler

De-T

ar

De-Tar

Oil

Out

let

Fuel Gas

Pyrolytic Gas / Oil/ Steam

Water and Oil Treatment – DIAGRAM 6

Clean Water Tank

Water/Oil Separator

Oil Filter with Tank

Oil Tank

Oil Filter

Waste Water Tank

Water Treatment

Oil Tank for Burner

Wat

er S

uppl

yO

il In

let

from

Con

dens

ers

Sta

rtup

Oil

To B

urne

r

Ext-Water Inlet

Sludge Outlet

Fuel Oil for Sale

Energy Recovery Efficiency

Heat Source 1000C

Pyrolytic Gas

Off-Gas, 110C – 130C

Efficiency > 85%

Unique energy recovery and conversion technologies

Energy efficiency as high as 85%

Stage II pyrolysis

Stage I pyrolysis

Steam Generator

Water Preheat

Environmental Impact

Non-combustible waste.Free of air pollution.Free of secondary pollution.Free of dioxin.No burning and no landfill requirements.Lower environmental impact than any other re-cycling method.

Fuel Oil - Quality

Ordinary diesel fuel specifications

BioEarth QES - Oil analysis

Flash Point > 60℃ 100℃ ASTM D92

Mobile point -9℃ ASTM D97

Dynamic viscosity: Kinematic viscosity at 40℃

1.9 – 4.3 4.22 ASTM D445

Density: / 25℃ 0.887 ASTM 4052

Sulfur wt% > 1% < 0.75 ASTM D4294

Water and sediments < 0.1% < 0.1% ASTM D95

PS: (Cracking tires by BioEarth QES 500) 1. The results from the analysis of the SGS report 2. Flash point may be adjusted to meet local regulations. 3. Removes sulfur to less than 0.1% utilizing the desulfurization process.

Carbon - Quality

General carbon black of tires

BioEarth QES - Analysis of the results of carbon black

Surface area m2/g 10 - 70 > 84 ASTM D3663

Iodine value mg/g 10 - 40 > 156.8 ASTM 3495

oil % > 5% < 0.1% ASTM D3495

sulfur wt% < 1.5 – 3% ASTM D4294

P.S: (Cracking tires) 1. Iodine value of the carbon black surface area, increases with processing time， this may be adjusted by increasing process time and temperature. 2. Cracker project to test the processing time is 22min 3. The processing does not remove Sulfur.

Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System – Table 1

Ref No.

BioEarth QES SYSTEM Other Systems in Europe and the United States

1. Feedstock inputs and methodology

Continuous Batch Continuous

Free of explosion. Most safety than other system

Explosion and security concerns, air pollution concern

Built in safety precautions to prevent explosion or spontaneous combustion.

Explosion and safety concerns

2. Heat sources Mixed heat sources Single heat source

Gas, diesel, steam Gas, diesel, infrared, microwave, electric wire

3. Pyrolysis and Heating Process

Indirect + direct steam heatingTwo stage process with steam activated. The max process temperature of second stage is up to 850C

Indirect heatingOne stage processProcess temperature lower than 450C

4. Cracking time for tireChips

< 10-15 min >1.2hr >35min

5. Energy efficiency > 85% <30% < 50%

Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES System – Table 2

Ref No.

BioEarth QES SYSTEM Other Systems in Europe and the United States

6. Product Quality

1. Light fuel oil like diesel oil2. High quality carbon black

1. Heavy oil2. bad quality carbon black

(a) Oil, sulfur content

Low sulfur content, better quality, high price

High sulfur content, low quality, low price

< 1%, can reach to 0.3% without catalyst

> 2% > 2%

(b) Carbon quality

High quality, no oil content, high iodine absorption rate, high surface area,

Low quality, high oil content, low iodine absorption, low surface area,

BET 120~800, Oil content <0.1% meet N220 standard

BET <60, Oil content > 1%, second waste

BET<60, Oil content >1% Second waste

7. Operating Efficiency 1. Complete cracking 2. High-quality carbon black and high prices for sale 3. Fast cracking time in 15 minutes4. No need complete vacuum, the system safe

1. Cracking incomplete 2. low-quality carbon black oil, can not be sold 3. Cracking requires longer time 4. Must be complete vacuum, as there are safety concerns

8. Application range Multi-purpose, any kind of organic material, mercury removing, coal … etc.

Single purpose.

Comparative Advantages and Analysis of the BioEarth QES SystemPyrolysis Methodology (The process of using heat to break down complex substances into simpler substances by the use of heat)

BioEarth QES System Competitor Pyrolysis Systems

1. Feedstock Inputs and methodology

The leading edge BioEarth QES system is a continuous feedstock system which operates under normal pressures making it easier to control the explosive fuel gas containing hydrogen and which is discharged during the pyrolysis process. This makes the BioEarth QES system much safer than the traditional systems used by BioEarth QES’s competitors which operate under high pressures. Further since the BioEarth QES system is continuous, it does not have to be shut down to cool the rising temperatures and reduce the high pressures that are incurred by the competitors who use the traditional pyrolysis systems. Also since the BioEarth QES system operates continuously, it does not have to be shut down and therefore is much more energy efficient than the batch system used by some of BioEarth QES’s competitors.

The Competitors use a batch system(earliest developed pyrolysis system) or a different version of the continuous system which both operate under high pressures. This increases the danger of leakage in the explosive fuel gas created in the pyrolysis process, which increases the risk and danger of explosion. Further under the batch system the operator can only reload the feedstock once the pressures are reduced and the high temperature is cooled. This process of shutting down the pyrolysis operation to accommodate the cooling of temperatures and reducing of pressures the results in energy loss and operation time, thereby making it a much less efficient pyrolysis system.



2. Heat Sources The BioEarth QES system uses a mixed heat source incorporating the uses of gas, or diesel together with steam. By incorporating the use of steam the feedstock materials are heated uniformly throughout as the steam penetrates into the center of the feedstock materials creating a more uniform heated feedstock rather than the single heat source used by BioEarth QES’s competitors.

Further, once the pyrolysis process is initiated in the BioEarth QES system, fuel gas is created in the combustion chamber which is captured, and the dioxins, sulfur and other toxic materials removed and the clean fuel gas is reused as a fuel source for the combustion chamber. In essence the BioEarth QES system, once started, creates its own fuel, thereby eliminating the need for an external

fuel source.

The competitors use a single heat source which chars the surface of the feedstock, but does not penetrate effectively below the surface of the feedstock material resulting in the internal portions of the feedstock materials remaining significantly cooler than the surface. This results in incomplete cracking (the breakdown of complex substances into smaller molecules using heat) of the feedstock material. This process results in a lower quality of carbon black, making it unsalable.

The conventional competitor pyrolysis systems simply burn off the fuel gas released, thereby releasing dioxins and sulfur into the

atmosphere, creating an environmental hazard.



3. Pyrolysis and Heating ProcessThe BioEarth QES System uses a Two stage process which is steam activated and uses an indirect heating system incorporating direct steam heating. This system results in a fast pyrolysis, short processing time, minimal energy consumption, complete treatment of the organic material, high quality by-products and a safer pyrolysis process through the use of steam.The BioEarth QES System can operate at a temperate up to 850C in its second Stage. The reason a Two stage process is required is that different organic waste materials require different temperatures to treat them. It is impossible to treat a wide range of organic compounds in the stage One process. Although most organic compounds can be cracked between 350C and 420C and 95% of organic compounds will be decomposed to become fuel oil and fuel gas under 450C leaving 5% of the organic material unprocessed. To treat the remaining 5% of organic material a higher temperate is required, so a Two stage process is used which can operate at temperatures up to 850C. To crack used tires a suggested

The competitors use indirect heating systems which operate at processing temperature less than 450C. As this method does not effectively penetrate heat into the internal feedstock materials, a longer processing time is required. Further, it often results in an incomplete treatment which results in a lower quality of by-products. Also the poor thermal conductivity of this process requires more energy consumption and reduces the

safety of pyrolysis process.



3. Pyrolysis and Heating Process (continued)

temperature of 500C and 600C for coal is required in the Second Stage of the BioEarth QES system. These are temperatures that the competitor’s single heat source systems do not achieve.

4. Cracking Time for Tire Chips The BioEarth QES system takes approximately 2 minutes to completely decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips to fuel oil and fuel gas at 400C. The standard cracking time for tire chips is less than 10 – 15 minutes.

The traditional indirect heat system alone used by the competitors takes in excess of 8 minutes to decompose 10cm2 of used tire chips. The standard cracking time for the conventional batch system is greater than 1.2 hours and greater than 35 minutes for the conventional continuous system for each ton of feedstock

inputs.

5. Energy Efficiency The BioEarth QES system operates at an energy efficiency exceeding 85%

The competitor batch systems operate at an efficiency level of less than 30%. The traditional continuous competitor systems operate at an efficiency level of less than 50%.



6. Product Quality (a) Oil, sulfur content

(b) Carbon Quality

The BioEarth QES system uses steam to produce a light fuel oil similar to diesel fuel containing less than 1% sulfur and can achieve sulfur content as low as 0.3% without the use of a catalyst. This lower sulfur content oil commands a higher selling price. Further the BioEarth QES system produces less Tar sand than the competitors systems making BioEarth QES’s products more attractive to the Buyers.The BioEarth QES system produces a carbon black with less than 0.1% oil content which meets the N220 or N330 carbon black specifications and has a BET rating or 120-800 (“Adsorption Surface Area”). The resulting carbon black has a high iodine absorption rate and high surface area making it a desirable By-product. The fact that there is indiscernible amount of oil is significant because carbon black cannot have oil content as the oil will cause a chemical reaction and affect the process in plastic or rubber production. If carbon black contains an oil compound it will burn and cannot be sold.

The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems cannot normally produce oil having a sulfur content of less than 2 % without the use of catalysts. Further the competitors’ traditional pyrolysis systems cause a tar sand problem and produce dirty oil.

The competitors using the traditional systems cannot produce a carbon black having less than 1% oil content which makes for a non saleable carbon waste with a BET rating of less than 60. Further the iodine absorption

and surface area are low.



7. Operating Efficiencies The BioEarth QES system is a total cracking system producing a high quality carbon black for sale which is in high demand. Further the fast cracking time of less than 15 minutes increases the efficiency of operation over that of the competitors. Further the BioEarth QES system does not require a total vacuum like that of our competitors which makes the BioEarth QES system a safer operating system than that of our competitors.

The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems result in an incomplete cracking of feedstock. This produces a low quality of carbon black which contains an unacceptable level of oil, with a low iodine absorption surface area such that this product cannot be sold. Further the cracking times for the traditional systems are greater than 30 minutes and require a total vacuum during the cracking process. As a result these systems have more safety concerns than the BioEarth QES system.

8. Application Range The BioEarth QES system is multi-purpose using any kind of organic material, coal etc, and can remove mercury and other toxic substances.

The competition using the traditional pyrolysis systems are single purpose and lack the

flexibility of the BioEarth QES system.

9. Environmental Impact The BioEarth QES system requires no waste burning and is free of air-pollution and carcinogenic dioxins. There are no secondary pollutants.

The competition requires a landfill for the waste carbon and some traditional systems have a high degree of air and dioxin pollution. Further a secondary pollutant resulting from the traditional pyrolysis systems is slag-dust.



10. By Products The By-products of the BioEarth QES system are gas, oil, steam recovery, power, carbon black, fertilizer and metal recovery depending on the feedstock input materials used.

The traditional pyrolysis systems only have Power and steam as By-products and these are only generated from large scale pyrolysis systems.

11. Operating cost (US$/ton)

The operating cost of the BioEarth QES system is below 30 dollars per ton.

The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems have operating costs in excess of 150 dollars per ton.

12. Extra Environmental Costs The pyrolysis operations of the BioEarth QES system produce no air pollution and require no land fill for disposable of waste materials.

The competitors using the traditional pyrolysis systems incur high costs for air pollution control and land fill charges for disposal of waste materials.

13. Projected Pay Back on Investment

Less than 2 years after commencement of production.

The Competitors high capital cost (exceeding $5,000,000 USD) and higher operating costs result in a Pay-back period exceeding 7 years from the commencement of production.

Thermal radiation

Comparative Analysis

Traditional cracking technology (Thermal radiation) Disadvantages:

Cracking a long time (10 – 30min, 10cm2 tire chips) Cracking incomplete Tar sand problem Low-quality carbon black and dirty oil Iodine absorption surface area low High vacuum required

Steam intrusion initiative

BioEarth QES System (Thermal radiation and Steam) Advantages:

Complete cracking Less Tar sand produced than all other systems High surface area and iodine absorption rate Oil without carbon dust Cracking time (2 - 5min) Minimal vacuum required

Comparative Analysis (Continued)

Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 15% to 18%

Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C40), 80%

H2, about 3.5%

Traditional cracking technologyReaction of oil and gas composition before condensing

BioEarth QES Energy conversion technology Reaction of oil and gas composition before condensing

Fuel Gas (C1 – C4), about 8% - 10%

Fuel Oil vapor (C5 – C22), 50%

H2, about 2%

Water Steam H2O, up to 40%

AIR

Must be high vacuum , explosion concerns

Steam protection

Built in safety – No risk of combustion

Anticipated Gross Margin from a variety of products

PERFORMANCE OF One BioEarth QES2000S System In Waste Treatment (10,000 Tons per year)

Item CountryExpense per ton (US$) Income per ton (US$) Net

Profit(per ton)

Net Profit(per year)

Profit MarginRaw Material Operating Fuel Oil Carbon

BlackWaste Rubber

Used Tire ChipsChina $155 $12 $150 $195 $179 $1,785,344 51.7%Taiwan $47 $30 $150 $195 $269 $2,686,250 77.8%

Waste Misc. Plastic

China $47 $12 $225 $0 $166 $1,661,125 73.8%Taiwan ($38) $30 $225 $0 $233 $2,327,656 88.7%

Oil Sludge China ($56) $12 $150 $78 $272 $2,723,625 95.8%Taiwan ($156) $30 $94 $94 $314 $3,140,156 91.4%

Sludge (Hg) Taiwan ($313) $51 $0 $0 $262 $2,618,865 83.8%

MSW China ($2) $12 $60 $0 $50 $495,500 80.5%Taiwan ($47) $30 $105 ($6) $116 $1,158,906 76.3%

Sludge (leather) China ($4) $12 $135 $0 $127 $1,267,375 91.3%Taiwan ($109) $30 $135 ($6) $208 $2,083,906 85.3%

Carbon Activated Taiwan ($63) $30 $0 $0 $33 $327,656 52.4%

Hospital Waste China ($469) $47 $90 $0 $ 541 $5,407,313 96.8%Taiwan ($313) $82 $90 ($11) $347 $3,469,609 86.2%

Coal to Oil China $98 $12 $68 $94 $51 $508,000 31.5%

E-Waste China ($2) $12 $225 $156 $371 $3,708,000 96.9%Taiwan ($94) $30 $225 $156 $445 $4,452,656 93.7%

Food WasteChina ($1) $3 $45 $6 $49 $1,480,219 94.3%Taiwan ($47) $7 $38 $19 $96 $2,870,742 92.8%

SUMMARY

Two stage process in one system.Fully integrated systemModular design facilitates easy installation and mass production.Combination of thermal cracking and steam cracking in one system.Steam heat and radial heat applies in the pyrolysis process.Built-in safety.The high quality by-products.BioEarth QES is a continuous loading systemBioEarth QES is a multi-purpose system which handles a

wide variety of organic waste items. Lower capital requirements than competitive systemsAbove normal rate of return on investmentPatented: TaiwanPatent pending: China - USA

Video of Existing Operating Plant

BioEarth inc. CONTACT INFORMATION

Brian Raab President

2369 Forest Grove Rd.Furlong, PA. 18925 01.215.794.9371

[email protected]

www.BioEarth inc.com

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.bioearthinc.com/

21 st. century global challenges. global challenges in the 21 st century natural resources are being...

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