2019 sk]v-xw ¿ hmeyw 46 e°w 6 no^v fun-‰¿ : hn.thwp-tkm-]m ... · 2018se a-lm-{]-f-b-tØm-...

$: 2019 sk]v-Xw ¿ hmeyw 46 e°w 6 No^v FUn-‰¿ : hn.thWp-tKm-]m ... · 2018se a-lm-{]-f-b-tØm- S-\p-_-‘n-®m-Wv a-Æn-Sn-®n-epw D-cpƒ-s]m-´-epw tI-c-f-Øn¬ Ku-c-h-ap-≈ N¿-®-Iƒ-°v$
2018se a-lm-{]-f-b-tØm-

S-\p-_-‘n-®m-Wv a-Æn-Sn-®n-epw

D-cpƒ-s]m-´-epw tI-c-f-Øn¬

Ku-c-h-ap-≈ N¿-®-Iƒ-°v h-gn-

Xp-d-∂-Xv. A-Xn-\p-ap≥-]v D-cpƒ-

s]m-´¬ D-≠m-bn-ń-√ F-∂-√;

kw-ÿm-\ Zp-c-¥-\n-hm-c-W am-

t\-Pv-sa-‚n-s‚ I-W-°p-{]-Im-

cw 1961 \pw 2016\pw C-S-bn¬

85 D-cpƒ-s]m-́ -ep-I-fm-Wv D-≠m-

bn-´p-≈-Xv. F-∂m¬ I-gn-™

h¿-jw-am-{Xw sN-dp-Xpw h-ep-

Xp-am-bn 5000tØm-fw D-cpƒ-

s]m-́ -ep-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

A-Xn¬ 1196 F-Æw D-≠m-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv C-Sp-°n-bn-em-Wv.

I-h-f-∏m-d-bn-epw

]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw kw-̀ -hn-®-Xv

a-e-I-fn-epw Ip-∂p-I-fn-epw

\-S-°p-∂ A-im-kv-{Xo-b-am-b

\n¿-Ωm-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw

]m-d-J-\-\-hp-am-Wv a-Æn-Sn-®n-en-

s‚-bpw D-cpƒ-s]m-´-en-s‚-bpw

Im-c-W-am-bn Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. H-∏w sh-≈-Øn-s‚

kzm-`m-hn-I-K-Xn X-S-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xpw sN-dn-b C-S-th-f-I-fn-ep-

≠m-Ip-∂ I-\-Ø a-g-bpw Im-

c-W-am-Ip-∂p. ta¬-∏-d-™ L-

S-I-ß-sf-√mw ]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw

I-h-f-∏m-d-bn-epw H-cp-an-®v {]-

h¿-Øn-®p F-∂-X-m-Wv h-kv-Xp-

X.

D-cpƒ-s]m-´-en-\pw H-cm-gv-N

ap≥-]p-ap-X¬- I-\-Ø-a-g-bm-Wv

Cu ta-J-e-bn¬ tc-J-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b-Xv. B-K-Ãv 8 \v kw-

ÿm-\-Øv G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬

a-g tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv

\n-e-ºq-cnem-Wv. B-K-Ãv 1 aq-

X¬ 7 h-sc kw-ÿm-\-sØ

i-cm-i-cn a-g 117 an-√o-ao-‰¿ B-

sW-¶n¬ \n-e-ºq-cn¬ s]-bv-Xn-

d-ßn-b-Xv 180 an-√o-ao-‰-dm-Wv.

65% h¿-≤-\-hv.

C-¥y≥ Im-em-h-ÿm \n-

co-£-W h-Ip-∏n-s‚ dn-t∏m¿-´v

{]-Im-cw Pq-sse 17h-sc kw-

ÿm-\-Øv 30% a-g Ip-d-hm-bn-

cp-∂p. Pq-sse 17 ap-X¬ 24 h-

sc-bp-≈ H-cm-gv-N-°m-ew a-g-

bn¬ 131 i-X-am-\w h¿-[-\-hp-

≠m-bn. B-K-Ãv 7 ap-X¬ 14 h-

sc am-{Xw 384 i-X-am-\w h¿-

≤-\-hv D-≠m-bn. 24 a-Wn-°q-dn-

\p-≈n¬ 150 ap-X¬ 200 an-√-n-

ao-‰¿ h-sc a-g H-cp ÿ-e-Øv

s]-øp-∂-Xm-Wv A-Xn-Xo-{h-a-g-

bm-bn I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

2018˛¬ 92 A-Xn-Xo-{h-a-g-bpw

2019 B-K-Ãv h-sc-bp-≈ k-a-

bw-sIm-≠v \q-dn-\p-ta¬ A-Xn-

Xo-{h-a-g-bpw s]-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.

A-Xn-Xo-{h-a-g-bp-sS F-Æw h¿-

≤n-°p-tºm-gpw cm-Py-Øm-I-am-

\w 2% a-g-bp-sS Ip-d-hp-≈-Xm-

bpw Im-em-h-ÿm-\n-co-£-W-

h-Ip-∏v ]-d-bp-∂p.

I-h-f-∏m-d-bv-°pw ap-I-fn¬

ap-Ø-∏≥ Ip-∂n-em-Wv Zp-c-¥-

Øn-\v Im-c-W-am-b D-cpƒ-s]m-

´¬ Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv. a-Æv s]m-ń-

b-S¿-∂v Xm-tg-bv-°v ]-Xn-®-Xn-

s‚ B-Lm-X-Øn¬ Zp¿-_-e-

am-bn In-S-∂ a-Æpw ]m-d-bpw

H-∂m-sI \n-c-ßn Xm-tg-bv-°v H-

gp-In-bm-Wv I-h-f-∏m-d-sb-bpw

]-cn-k-c-{]-tZ-i-ß-sf-bpw iv-a-

im-\-̀ q-an-bm-°n-b-Xv. ap-Ø-∏≥

Ip-∂n-\p-ta¬ a-Æn-\v I-„n-®v

c-≠p-ao-‰¿ L-\-ta-bp-≈q. {]-

tZ-i-Øv, ap-I-fn¬ \n-∂v Xm-tg-

bv-°v H-gp-In-bn-cp-∂ c-≠v- \o¿-

k -ao-]-Im-e tI-c-fw I-≠ G-‰-hpw h-en-b {]-Ir-Xn Zp-c-¥-am-Wv h-b-\m-ń¬]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw a-e-∏p-d-Øv I-h-f-∏m-d-bn-epw I-h-f-∏m-d-bv-°v H-cp In-tem-ao-‰-

dn-\-∏p-dw ]m-Xm-dn-ep-ap-≠m-b-Xv. 2018 B-K-Ãn-ep-≠m-b a-lm-{]-f-b-Øn-s‚ B-Lm-X-Øn¬-\n-∂pw I-c-I-b-dp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºm-Wv a-Æn-Sn-®n-en-s‚-bpw D-cpƒ-s]m-

´-en-s‚-bpw cq-]-Øn¬ Zp-c-¥-sa-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. I-h-f-∏m-d-bn-epw ]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw ar-X-tZ-l-ßƒ ap-gp-h-\pw ho-s≠-Sp-°m-\m--bn-ń-√. A-tº X-I¿-∂p-t]m-

b ]m-Xm-dn¬ {]-tZ-i-hm-kn-Iƒ k-a-tbm-Nn-X-am-bn C-S-s]-´v ap-∂-dn-bn-∏p \¬-In-b-Xp-sIm-≠v B-f-]m-b-ap-≠m-bn-√.

{]f-bm-\¥cw saUn-°¬ k¿-Δo-kv sk‚-¿ \ne-ºq-cn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® sa-Un-°¬ IymºvtUm.]n.F-kv._m_p, tUm.kp-tcjv, tUm.kp-I\y, tUm.\nJn-e apc-fn F-∂n-h¿ \-bn-°p∂p

Bh¿-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ {]-Ir-Xn Zp-c-¥-ßfpw

Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿´pw

tkmjy-enÃv bqWn‰n sk‚¿Hm v̂ C¥y (I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv)

kwÿm\ IΩn‰n apJ-]{Xw

2019 sk]v-Xw_¿ hmeyw 46 e°w 6 No^v FUn-‰¿ : hn.thWp-tKm-]m¬ t]Pv 16 hne 5.00 cq]

I-Sp-Ø h¿-Ko-b, {]m-tZ-in-

I-hm-Z i-‡n-I-fp-sS Xm-ev-]-

cym¿-∞w tI-{μ-K-h¨-sa‚pw

B-kmw K-h¨-sa‚pw tN¿-∂v

tZ-io-b ]u-c-Xz c-Pn-Ã¿(F≥-

B¿-kn) F-∂ t]-cn¬ H-cp tc-

J-bp-≠m-°n A-Xp-h-gn ]-

sØm≥-]-Xv e-£-Øn-te-sd--

t∏sc ]u-c-Xz-Øn¬-\n-∂v ]p-

d-¥-≈n-b lo-\-]-≤-Xn- Kp-cp-X-

c-am-b B-i-¶bpf-hm-°p-∂-

XmWv. Pm-Xn, a-Xw, hw-iw, `m-

j F-∂n-h-bp-sS-sbm-s° A-

Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ P-\-ß-sf `n-

∂n-∏n-®v ap-X-em-fn-h¿-K-Øn-\v

i-‡n-]-I-cm-\pw A-h-cp-sS Nq-

j-W-hm-gv-N kp-K-a-am-°m-\p-ap-

≈ ^m-kn-Ãv \o-°-amWn-Xv.

\n-cm-ew-_-cpw \n- -lm-b-cp-am-

b Cu P-\-ßƒ k-ºq¿-W

\m-i-Øn-te-bv-°pw a-c-W-Øn-

te-bv-°pw F-Sp-sØ-dn-b-s∏-ń-

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. h¿-j-ß-fm-bn

B- m-an¬ Xm-a-kn-°p-∂-h-cpw

b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ C-¥y≥ ]u-

c-∑m-cp-am-b C-h-sc ap-gp-h≥

A-Sn-b-¥-c-am-bn c-Pn-Ã-dn¬

Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-∂v F-kv-bp-

kn-sF(I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv) P-\-d¬

sk-{I´-dn k-Jm-hv s{]m-hm-jv

tLm-jv sk-]v-Xw_¿ 3\v H-

cp {]-kv-Xm-h-\-bn-eq-sS K-h -̈

sa‚n-t\m-Sv B-h-iy-s∏-́ n-cp∂p.

C-Xn-\m-bn tI-{μ-̨ -kw-ÿ-m-\ K-

h¨-sa‚p-I-fn¬ k-Ω¿-±w

sN-ep-Øm≥-t]m-∂ i-‡-am-

sbm-cp tbm-Pn-® k-a-cw cm-Py-

Øm-sI h-f¿-Ønsb-Sp-°m-

\pw A-t±-lw P-\-ß-tfm-Spw

B-lzm-\w sN-bvXp. ap-X-em-fn-

h¿-K Xm-ev-]-cym¿-∞w k-am-\-

am-sbm-cp c-Pn-Ã¿ F-√m kw-

ÿm-\-ß-fn -epw \-S -∏n -em-

°m≥ B¿-F-kv-F-kv-˛-_n-sP-

]n K-h¨-sa‚n-\v Ip-Sn-tem-t±-

i-ap-≠v. C-Xn-\v X-S-bn-Sm-\m-bn

ap-t∂m-´v h-c-W-sa-∂pw cm-Py-

sØ P-\-ß-tfm-Sv A-t±-lw A-

`y-¿-∞n-®p.

Cu hn-j-b-Øn¬ sk-]v-

tZ-io-b ]u-c-Xz c-Pn-Ã¿: A-Jn-te-¥ym {]-Xn-tj-[ Zn-\w BNcn®p

(tijw 2˛mw t]Pn¬)

Xw-_¿ 5 A-Jn-te-¥ym {]Xn-

-tj-[ Zn-\-am-bn B-N-cn-°m≥

F-kv-bp-kn-sF(I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv)

]m¿-ń B-lzm-\w sN-bv-Xn-cp-

∂p. _-‘-s∏-́ K-h -̈sa‚p-I-

sf- k-Ω¿-±-Øn-em-°m≥-t]m-

∂-hn-[w F-√m kw-ÿ-m-\-ß-

fn-epw h≥-tXm-Xn¬ Cu {]-

Xn-tj-[-Øn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-°m-\m-

Wv cm-Py-sØ P-\-ß-tfm-Sv

]m¿-ń A-`y¿-∞n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

cm-Py-hym-]-I-am-bn \-S-∂

Cu {]-Xn-tj-[ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬

kw-ÿ-m-\-Øn-s‚ hn-hn-[ `m-K-

ß-fn¬ {]-Xn-tj-[ {]-I-S-\-ß-

fpw tbm-K-ß-fpw \-S-∂p.

{]Xn-tj-[ Zn-\m-N-c-W-Øn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn sk]v-Xw_¿ 5\vXn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw \-K-c-Øn¬ \-S-∂ {]-IS\w

)

2 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

®m-ep-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. C-

t∏mƒ A-Xn-√. ap-≥-Im-e-ß-

fn¬ sh-ń-\n¿-Øn-b a-c-Øn-

s‚ {Z-hn-® -X-Sn-I-fn-eq-sS sh-

≈w Xm-tg-bv-°n-d-ßn-b-Xv tkm-

bn¬ ss]-∏nw-Kn-\v Im-c-W-am-

bn. b-{¥-ßƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-®v d-

∫¿-Ir-jn-bv-°v Ip-gn-sb-Sp-°p-

I-Iq-Sn sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ a-Æn-\v

C-f-°-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bpw Cu Ip-

gn-I-fn-eq-sS a-g-sh-≈w a-Æn-

s‚ A-Sn-Ø-ń-te-bv-°v F-Øp-

I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. I-h-f-∏m-d-bv-

°v 5 In-tem-ao-‰¿ Np-‰-f-hn¬

{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ 27 Izm-dn-I-

fn¬ \-S-°p-∂ \n-c-¥-c-am-b J-

\-\-Øn-s‚ {]-Xym-Lm-X-hpw

Iq-sS tN-cp-tºmƒ Nn-{Xw ]q¿-

W-am-Ip-∂p. I-\-Ø-a-g-bv-s°m-

∏w C-Xm-Wv I-h-f-∏m-d-bn¬

kw-`-hn-®-Xv F-∂m-Wv hn-Z-Kv-

≤¿ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂-Xv.

Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn s]-bv-X I-\-

Ø-a-g-X-s∂-bm-Wv ]p-Øp-a-e-

bn-epw Zp-c-¥w hn-X-®-Xv. \m-

ep-I-n-tem-ao-‰-tdm-fw Xm-sg-h-sc

\m-i-\-„-ß-fp-≠m-bn. C-hn-sS-

bpw kzm-̀ m-hn-I \o-scm-gp-°v X-

S- -s∏-́ n-cp-∂p. ]p-Øp-a-e-bn¬

C-Xn-\-Iw X-s∂ sN-dn-b D-cp-

ƒ-s]m-́ -ep-Iƒ \n-c-h-[n-bp-≠m-

bn-´p-≠v F-∂v Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂p. I-gn-™ {]-f-b-

Im-e-Øpw, Cu h¿-jw B-K-

Ãvv 8 \p ap-ºpw sN-dn-b D-cpƒ-

s]m-´-ep-Iƒ D-≠m-bn.

B-K-Ãvv 8\p-≠m-b A-Xn-Xo-

{h a-g-aq-ew, sN-dn-b sN-dn-b

D-cpƒ-s]m-´-ep-Iƒ-sIm-≠v kz-

X-th Zp¿-_-e-am-bn-cp-∂ {]-tZ-

iw A-S¿-∂v Xm-tg-bv-°v ]-Xn-

°p-I-bm-Wv D-≠m-b-Xv. a-c-

ßƒ sh-́ n-am-‰n sh-Sn-∏m-°n-bn-

cp-∂ ]p-Øp-a-e-bn¬ D-cp-fn-s\

{]-Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ bm-sXm-∂p-

ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kzm-`m-hn-I

\o¿-®m-ep-Iƒ A-S-™p-t]m-bn-

cp-∂n-S-Øv D-cpƒ ]-c-s∂m-gp-In

In-tem-ao-‰-dp-I-tfm-fw \m-iw

hn-X-®p. a-Æn-\-Sn-bn¬ A-I-s∏-

´p-t]m-b ]-e-cp-sS-bpw ar-X-tZ-

l-ßƒ I-s≠-Sp-°m-\m-bn-́ n-√.

I-s≠-Sp-°-s∏-´-h-X-s∂ ]-e-

Xpw In-tem-ao-‰-dp-Iƒ Zq-sc-\n-

∂p-am-Wv In-ń-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. c-

£-s∏-́ -h¿ A-\n-›n-X-am-b ̀ m-

hn-sb t\m-°n A-º-c-t∏m-sS

I-gn-bp-∂p.

I-h-f-∏m-d-bv-°v H-cp In-tem-

ao-‰¿-am-{Xw A-I-se ]m-Xm-

dn¬ I-\-Ø-\m-i-am-Wv D-cpƒ-

aq-ew D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m-

Xm¿ A-ßm-Sn-b-S-°w H-cp {]-

tZ-iw-ap-gp-h≥ A-{]-Xy-£-am-

bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A-kzm-`m-hn-

I-am-b a-g-sb-Øp-S¿-∂p-≠m-b

kq-N-\-I-fp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ {]-tZ-i-hm-kn-Iƒ ho-

sSm-gn-™p-t]m-b-Xp-sIm-≠v

B-f-]m-b-ap-≠m-bn-√. Cu {]-

tZ-i-ß-fn-se-√mw X-s∂ ]-£n-

ar-Km-Zn-I-fpw h-f¿-Øp-ar-K-ß-

fpw A-kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bn s]-cp-

am-dn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw \m-́ p-Im¿

Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p.

]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-fpw

tI-c-f-hpw

]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-fp-sS

h-c-Zm-\-am-Wv tI-c-fw. tI-c-f-

Øn-eq-sS H-gp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

∂ P-e-k-ar-≤-am-b F-√m \-

Zn-I-fpw ]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-

fn¬-\n-∂v D-Zv-`-hn-°p-∂-h-bm-

Wv. tI-c-f-Øn-se an-X-io-tXm-

jv-W-am-b Im-em-h-ÿ ]-›n-

a-L-́ -a-e-\n-c-I-fp-sS kw-̀ m-h-\-

bm-Wv. tI-c-f-sam-∂m-sI H-cp

]-cn-ÿn-Xn-tem-e {]-tZ-i-am-Wv

F-∂ hm-Z-K-Xn D-b¿-∂p-h-∂p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ km-l-N-cy-

Øn-em-Wv Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n

dn-t∏m¿-´v X-≈n-°-f-™p-sIm-

≠v hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚ a-d-hn¬

A-¥-an-√m-Ø sIm-≈-bpw \n¿-

Ωm-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw \-S-

°p-∂-Xv.

]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-f-pw

tI-c-fw-X-s∂-bpw t\-cn-Sp-∂ G-

‰-hpw h-en-b ò-j-Wn-bm-Wv

Izm-dn-I-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈-Xv. t\m-

°n-\n¬-s° Ip-∂p-I-fpw a-e-

I-fpw A-{]-Xy-£-am-bn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p. B-bn-c-°-W-°n-

\v Izm-dn-Iƒ ]-›n-a-L-́ -a-e-\n-

c-I-sf Xp-c-s∂-Sp-°p-∂p, ]m-

d-J-\-\w-aq-ew D-≠m-bn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-∂ \n-c-¥-c-am-b {]-

I-º-\w a-e-\n-c-I-sf H-∂m-sI

A-kz-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw A-

ÿn-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sN-øp-

∂p. ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I \n-b-a-ß-

tfm -h-\-\n-b-a-ß-tfm C-hn-sS

]m-en-°-s∏-Sm-dn-√. A-[n-Im-c-

ÿm-\-ßƒ I-Æ-S-bv -°p-I-

tbm H-Øm-i-sN-øp-I-tbm sN-

øp-∂p.

2018 B-K-Ãn-se a-lm-{]-f-

b-Im-e-Øv kw-ÿm-\-Øv sN-

dp-Xpw h-ep-Xp-am-b 5000tØm-

fw D-cpƒ-s]m-́ -ep-≠m-bn F-∂m-

Wv Pn-tbm-f-Pn-°¬ k¿-tΔ Hm-

v̂ C-¥y(Pn-F-kv-sF)bp-sS dn-

t∏m¿-´v. kw-ÿm-\-sØ 21 i-

X-am-\w ta-J-e-bpw D-cpƒ-s]m-

´-en-\p km-[y-X-bp-≈-Xm-sW-

∂pw tkm-bn¬ ss]-∏nw-Kv D-

cpƒ-s]m-́ -en-\v Im-c-W-am-Ip-sa-

∂pw Pn-F-kv-sF dn-t∏m¿-´v ap-

∂-dn-bn-∏v \-¬-Ip-∂p. Fw-F¬-

F ]n hn A≥-h-dn-s‚ D-S-a-ÿ-

X-bn-ep-≈ hm-´¿-Xow ]m-¿-

°n¬ 8 ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ D-cpƒ-

s]m-ń-b-Xpw I¬-`n-Øn X-I¿-

∂p-t]m-b-Xpw cm-bv-°p-cm-am-\w

B-sf \n¿-Øn `n-Øn ]p-\¿-

\n¿-Ωn-®-Xpw F-√mw hm¿-Ø-

bm-b-Xm-Wv. F-∂m¬ a-lm-{]-

f-bw X-∂ ap-∂-dn-bn-∏n-s\ am-

\n-®v k¿-°m¿ F-¥v ap≥-I-cp-

X¬ kzo-I-cn-®p-sh-∂-Xv ]-cn-

tim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp X-s∂-

bm-Wv. Cu h¿-j-hpw I-h-f-

∏m-d-bpw ]p-Øp-a-e-bpw tI-c-

fw N¿-®-sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ X-s∂, Zp-c-¥w aq-ew

Xm¬-°m-en-I-am-bn \n¿-Øn-h-

®n-cp-∂ J-\-\w ]p-\-cm-cw-`n-

°m≥ Pn-tbm-f-Pn h-Ip-∏v Xn-

Sp-°-s∏-´v A-\p-a-Xn \¬-Ip-∂-

Xm-Wv \mw Im-Wp-∂-Xv.

Izm-dn-I-fpw A-\-[n-Ir-X

J-\-\-hpw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-sb-bpw

]-›n-a-L-´-sØ-bpw

X-I¿-°p-∂p

]-›n-a-L-´-Øn-se D-cpƒ-

s]m-́ -en-\pw a-Æn-Sn-®n-en-\pw I-

\-Ø-a-g-tbm-sSm-∏w A-\n-b-

{¥n-X J-\-\-hpw Im-c-W-am-bn-

cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw Zp-c-¥-ap-≠m-

b 5 Pn-√-I-fn¬ 1104 Izm-dn-Iƒ

{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw tI-c-

f t^m-d-kv-‰v dn-k¿-®v C≥-Ãn-

Syq -´ n -se im -kv - {X -⁄≥

tUm.Sn.hn k-Po-h≥ A-`n-{]m-

b-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p. G-‰-hpw h-en-

b Zp-c-¥-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂ I-

h-f-∏m-d-bv-°v 5 In-tem-ao-‰¿ Np-

‰-f-hn¬ 21 Izm-dn-Iƒ D-≠-t{X.

]m-Xm¿ F-∂ {]-tZ-i-hpw \q-

dp-I-W-°n-\p ho-Sp-I-fpw X-I¿-

∂ t]m-Øp-I-√n-¬ 17 Izm-dn-

Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p. \m-ep-

t]-cp-sS a-c-Ww kw-`-hn-® h-S-

I-c h-e-ßm-Sv 42 Izm-dn-I-fm-W-

t{X {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv. h-b-\-

m-Sv ]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw H-cp In-

tem-ao-‰¿ ]-cn-[n-bn¬ {]-h¿-

Øn-°p-∂p-≠v H-cp Izm-dn. H-cp

Ip-Spw-_-Øn-se aq-∂p-t]-cp-sS

a-c-W-Øn-\n-S-bm-°n-b a-e-∏p-

dw tIm-´-°p-∂n-s‚ k-ao-]-{]-

tZ-i-ß-fn-em-bn 12 Izm-dn-Iƒ.

aq-∂p-t]-cp-sS a-c--Ww kw-`-hn-

® I-√-Sn-t°m-Sv I-cn-º-bn¬ 26

Izm-dn-Iƒ, a-Æn-Sn-®n-en¬ \m-

i-ap-≠m-b ku-Øv a-e-ºp-g-

bn¬ 43 Izm-dn-Iƒ, c-≠p-t]¿

a-c-W-s∏-´ C-Sp-°n sN-dp-tXm-

Wn Km-‘n-\-K¿ tIm-f-\n-°p-

k-ao-]w 22 Izm-dn-Iƒ, C-ß-s\

t]m-Ip-∂p I-W-°p-Iƒ. C-

t∏mƒ D-cpƒ-s]m-´-ep-≠m-b a-

e-I-fp-sS k-ao-]-ß-fn-se-√mw

Izm-dn-Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-

≠v. ]m-d-I-gp-Im≥ Izm-dn-I-

fn¬ h≥-tXm-Xn¬ kw-`-cn-°p-

∂ sh-≈-hpw tkm-bn¬ ss]-

∏nw-Kn-\pw D-cpƒ s]m-´-en-\pw

Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p.

Izm-dn-I-fn-se \n-c-¥-c kv-

t^m-S-\w ]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-

I-sf B-sI A-kz-ÿ-X-s∏-

Sp-Øp-sa-∂pw Izm-dn-Iƒ {]-h¿-

Øn-°p-∂ ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ am-{X-

a-√ h-\m-¥¿-`m-K-ß-fn¬ D-ƒ-

s∏-sS F-hn-sS th-W-sa-¶n-epw

D-cp-ƒ-s]m-´-epw a-Æn-Sn-®n-ep-ap-

≠m-Im-sa-∂pw ]T-\-ßƒ ]-d-

bp-∂p. J-\-\-Øn-s‚ ^-e-am-

bp-≠m-Ip-∂ I-º-\-ßƒ ]m-

d-bn-eq-sS _-lp-Zq-cw k-©-cn-

°p-∂p. B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v Izm-

dn-I-fn-em-bn \n-tXy-\ \-S-°p-

∂ I-º-\-ßƒ ]-›n-a-L-́ -a-e-

\n-c-Iƒ Ip-ep-ßn-s°m-t≠-bn-

cn-°m≥ Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂p. Hm-

tcm X-h-W ]m-d-s]m-ń-°p-

tºm-gpw H-cp h-en-b C-Sn-ap-g-

°-Øn-\v k-am-\-am-b i-–w

A-Xm-b-Xv 110 ap-X¬ 120h-sc

sU-kn-_-em-Wv kr-„n-°-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv. Cu i-–-Øn-s‚ I-

º-\-ßƒ ]m-d-bv-°p-≈n-eq-sS

A-t\-Iw In-tem-ao-‰-dp-Iƒ k-

©-cn-°p-∂p. Izm-dn-I-fp-sS ]-

cn-k-c-Øv 100 ap-X¬ 170 ao-‰¿-

h-sc \o-f-ap-≈ h-en-b hn-≈-

ep-Iƒ cq-]-s∏-Sp-sa-∂pw a-g-

°m-e-Øv Cu hn-≈-ep-I-fn¬

sh-≈w \n-d-™v ÿn-Xn Kp-c-

X-c-am-Ip-sa-∂pw ]T-\-ßƒ ]-

d-bp-∂p. tkm-bn¬ ss]-∏nw-Kv

{]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv a-Æn-Sn-®n-en-

\pw D-cpƒ s]m-´-en-\pw Im-c-

W-am-Ip-∂-sX-∂pw I-gn-™ a-

lm-{]-f-b-Øn-\p-ti-jw Zp-c-¥-

\n-hm-c-W A-tXm-dn-‰n-bp-sS

em≥-kv ss…-Uv t{]m-P-Œv

C≥-sk-kv-‰nw-Kv kw-Lw \-S-

Øn-b ]T-\-hpw hy-‡-am-°n-

bn-cp-∂p.

16 Un-{Kn-bn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ N-

cn-hp-≈ {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Ir-jn-

bn-d-°p-∂-Xpw ho-Sp-h-bv-°p-∂-

Xpw D-cpƒ-s]m-´¬ £-Wn-®p-

h-cp-Øp-sa-∂v Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw

\m-j-W-¬ sk‚¿ t^m¿ F¿-

Øv k-b≥-kv kv-‰-Uo-kn-s‚

]T-\-dn-t∏m¿-´v Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-

°p-∂p. 25 Un-{Kn-bn-¬-Iq-Sp-X¬

N-cn-hp-≈ {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n¿-

Ωm-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ \n¿-

Øn-h-bv-°-W-sa-∂pw dn-t∏m¿-

´v ]-d-bp-∂p. h-b-\m-Sv ]p-Øp-

a-e-bn-epw I-h-f-∏m-d-bn-epw

25Un-{Kn-bn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ N-cn-hp-

≈ {]-tZ-i-ß-fn-em-Wv D-cpƒ-

s]m-´-ep-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. -

17000 a-e-bn-Sn-®n¬ {]-tZ-i-

ß-sf-bpw-Ip-dn-®v k¿-°m-cn-s‚

]-°-ep-≈ dn-t∏m¿-´p-Iƒ ]Tn-

®v \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°-Ww

F-∂m-Wv k-an-Xn \n¿-t±-in-®n-

cn-°p-∂-Xv.

ssa-\nw-Kv B‚ v Pn-tbm-f-

Pn h-Ip-∏n-s‚ I-W-°-\p-k-cn-

®v kw-ÿm-\-Øv 750 Izm-dn-

Iƒ-°p-am-{X-am-Wv {]-h¿-Ø-

\m-\p-a-Xn-bp-≈-Xv. F-∂m¬

5924 Izm-dn-Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-

∂p-sh-∂m-Wv tI-c-f t^m-d-kv-

‰v dn-k¿-®v C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq-́ n-s‚ I-

W-°v. ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-tem-e ta-J-

e-bn-em-Wv ]-Ip-Xn-bn-te-sd

Izm-dn-I-fpw {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-Xv.

1983\pw 2015\p-an-S-bn¬ 115 `q-

an Ip-ep-°-ß-fm-Wv tI-c-f-

Øn¬ D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A-

Xn¬ 78 C-S-Øpw {]-`-h-tI-{μ-

Øn-\v H-cp In-tem-ao-‰¿ Np-‰-f-

hn¬ I-cn-¶¬ Izm-dn-Iƒ D-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. `q-an-bn-te-bv-°v sh-

≈-an-d-ßm≥ ]m-I-Øn-\v hn-≈-

ep-Iƒ kr-„n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw

`q-an-Ip-ep-°-Øn-\v C-S-h-cpw-hn-

[w `q-L-S-\ am-dp-∂-Xpw Izm-

dn-I-fp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\w-aq-e-am-

sW-∂pw ssa-\nw-Kv B‚ v Pn-

tbm-f-Pn h-Ip-∏n-s‚ ]T-\w Nq-

≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂p. \n-c-h-[n

]T-\-ßƒ, k¿-°m¿ k¿-°m-

tc-X-c G-P≥-kn-I-fp-sS ap≥-

ssI-bn¬ \-S-∂n-́ p-≠v. h-cm-\n-

cn-°p-∂ h-en-b Zp-c-¥-Øn-s‚

kq-N-\-Iƒ Cu dn-t∏m¿-́ p-I-fn-

se-√m-ap-≠v. F-∂m¬ a-Xn-bm-

b A-f-hn¬ ]-cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-

I-tbm \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°-

s∏-Sp-I-tbm sN-øp-∂n-√ F-∂-

Xn-s\ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS

Ip-‰-I-c-am-b A-\m-ÿ-bm-bn

am-{X-ta Im-Wm≥ I-gn-bq.

h-\-\-io-I-c-Ww

ù-a D-]-cn-X-e-Øn-se a-

sÆm-en-∏v X-S-bp-∂-Xn¬ a-c-

ßƒ-°v \n¿-Wm-b-I-am-b ]-

¶p-≠v. 2016¬ tZ-io-b ̀ u-a-]T-

ssa-\nw-Kv B‚ v Pn-tbm-f-Pn h-Ip-∏n-s‚ I-W-°-\p-k-cn-®v kw-ÿm-\-Øv 750 Izm-dn-Iƒ-°p-am-{X-am-Wv

sse-k≥kp-≈-Xv. F-∂m¬ 5924 Izm-dn-Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv tI-c-f t^m-d-kv-‰v dn-k¿-®v C≥-

kv-‰n-‰yq-́ n-s‚ I-W-°v. ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-tem-e ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv Chbn¬ ]-Ip-Xn-bn-te-sdbpw. 1983\pw 2015\p-

an-S-bn¬ 115 `q-an Ip-ep-°-ß-ƒ tI-c-f-Øn¬ D-≠m-bXn¬ 78 C-S-Øpw {]-̀ -h-tI-{μ-Øn-\v H-cp In-tem-

ao-‰¿ Np-‰-f-hn¬ I-cn-¶¬ Izm-dn-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Izm-dn-I-fpw A-\-[n-Ir-X J-\-\-hpw ]-›n-a-L-́ -sØ-bpw]-cn-ÿn-Xn-sb-bpw X-I¿-°p-∂p

(1˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v)

(tijw 3˛mw t]Pn¬)

sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 3

\-tI-{μw k-a¿-∏n-® ]T-\ dn-

t∏m¿-́ n¬ C-Sp-°n, I-Æq¿, Im-

k¿-tKm-Uv, tIm-gn-t°m-Sv, F-

d-Wm-Ip-fw, ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´, h-b-

\m-Sv Pn-√-I-fn¬ tkm-bn¬

ss]-∏nw-Kv {]-Xn-`m-kw hym-]-

I-am-sW-∂v I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-

≠v. D-d-∏p-Ip-d-hp-≈ ̀ u-am-¥¿-

`m-K-sØ a-Æv `q-an-°-Sn-bn-eq-

sS Ip-g-ep-Iƒ-t]m-ep-≈ Nm-ep-

I-fn-eq-sS H-gp-In-t∏m-Ip-∂ {]-

Xn-`m-k-am-Wv tkm-bn¬-ss]-

∏nw-Kv. a-g-sh-≈w h≥-tXm-Xn¬-

B-gv-∂n-d-ßm≥ C-Xv Im-c-W-

am-Ip-∂p. sh-ń-am-‰-s∏-Sp-∂ a-

c-ß-fp-sS Ip-‰n-I-fpw A-h-ti-

jn-∏p-I-fpw tkm-bn¬ ss]-∏nw-

Kn-\v Im-c-W-am-Ipw. a-c-ß-fpw

h-\-hpw a-g-sh-≈w t\-cn-´v a-

Æn¬ ]-Xn-°p-∂-Xv X-S-bp-∂p.

Xm-sg-ho-Wp-W-ßp-∂ C-e-Iƒ

Xm-sg-sb-Øp-∂ a-g-sh-≈-

sØ H-cp kv-t^m-s©-∂-t]m-

se h-en-s®-Sp-°p-I-bpw sN-

øpw. F-∂m¬ h-\-\-io-I-c-Ww-

aq-ew a-g-sh-≈w t\-cn-´v `q-an-

bn¬ ]-Xn-°p-I-bpw a-Æn-te-

°v Xm-gm-sX H-gp-In-t∏m-Ip-I-

bpw sN-øp-∂p. 1920 ap-X¬

1990h-sc 40i-X-am-\w h-\-k-º-

Øv \m-tim-∑p-J-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p

F-∂m-Wv ]T-\-ßƒ sh-fn-hm-

°p-∂-Xv. kzm-`m-hn-I P-e-kw-

`-c-Wn-I-fm-b ]m-S-ßƒ, Im-b-

ep-Iƒ, \-Zn-Iƒ, tXm-Sp-Iƒ

Xp-S-ßn-b-h \n-I-Ø-s∏-Sp-I-

tbm ssI-tb-dp-I-tbm sN-ø-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v sh-≈-s∏m-

°w k¿-Δ-km-[m-c-W-am-bpw am-

dp-∂p.

Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-´v

Cu kw-̀ -h-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw

]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Km-Uv-Kn¬

I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-´v ho-≠pw tI-

c-f-Øn¬ Nq-Sp-≈ N¿-®m-hn-j-

b-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]-›n-a-

L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-fp-sS h¿-Ø-am-

\-Im-e-ÿn-Xn-K-Xn-Iƒ hn-e-bn-

cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw 1986se ]-cn-

ÿn-Xn kw-c-£-W \n-b-a-{]-

Im-cw Cu ta-J-e-bn-se ]-c-n-

ÿn-Xntem-e -{]-tZ-i-ßƒ

th¿-X-n-cn-°m-\p-am-Wv {]-ap-J ]-

c - n -ÿn-Xn im -kv - {X -⁄≥

s{]m-^.am-[-hv Km-Uv-Kn¬ sN-

b¿-am-\m-bn 14 Aw-K I-Ωn-‰n

\n-b-an-X-am-b-Xv. 18 am-kw sIm-

≠v I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-´v k-a¿-∏n-

®p. Kp-P-dm-Øv ap-X¬ I-\ym-

Ip-am-cn h-sc \o-≠p In-S-°p-

∂-Xpw tI-c-fw, X-an-gv-\m-Sv, tKm-

h, I¿-Æm-S-Iw, a-lm-cm-{„, Kp-

P-dm-Øv F-∂o B-dv kw-ÿm-

\-ß-fn¬ hym-]n-®p-In-S-°p-∂-

Xp-am-Wv ]-›n-a-L-´ -a-e-\n-c-

Iƒ. ]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-c-I-fn-

se \n¿-Ωm-W {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-

sf-bpw J-\-\-sØ-bpw kw-_-

‘n-®v hy-‡-am-b ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v

\¬-In-bn-cp-∂p Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-

Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-́ v. dn-t∏m¿-́ n-s\-Xn-

sc P-\-ß-sf sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-®v

A-Wn-\n-c-Øp-∂-Xn¬ hy-h-

ÿm-]n-X cm-{„o-b I-£n-I-

fpw a-X-km-ap-Zm-bn-I t\-Xr-Xz-

ß-fpw Izm-dn-˛-J-\-\-am-^n-b-

bpw \-S-Øn-b {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-

fn-eq-sS km-[n-®p-sh-¶n-epw Im-

cy-ßƒ hy-‡-am-Im≥ A-

t©m B-tdm h¿-j-ßƒ a-Xn,

G-sd \m-sfm-∂pw Im-Øn-cn-

t°-≠n-h-cn-s√-∂v h-f-sc hy-

‡-am-b ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v am-[-hv Km-

Uv-Kn¬ F-∂ im-kv-{X-⁄≥

X-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn. B ap-∂-dn-bn-

∏v C-t∏mƒ i-cn-h-bv-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv.

]-›n-a-L-´-ta-J-e-bn¬ A-

\-[n-Ir-X-am-bn \-S-°p-∂ sse-

k≥-kv C-√m-Ø F-√m-Ø-cw

J-\-\-{]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw ]m-d-

s]m-ń-°-epw a-e-Xp-c-°-epw D-

S≥ A-h-km-\n-∏n-°-Ww F-∂v

dn-t∏m¿-´v ip-]m¿-i sN-øp-∂p.

C-°m-cy-Øn¬ \n-e-hn-ep-≈

\n-b-aw \-S-∏n-em-°-W-sa-∂m-

Wv dn-t∏m¿-´v i-‡-am-bn B-h-

iy-s∏-´-Xv. ]-›n-a-L-´-Øn-se

]-cn-ÿn-Xn-tem-e {]-tZ-iw

tkm¨ H-∂v, c-≠v ta-J-e-I-

fn¬ J-\-\w \n-tcm-[n-°-W-sa-

∂pw \n-e-hn¬ sse-k≥-kp-≈

Izm-dn-I-fp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\w A-

©p-h¿-jw-sIm-≠v A-h-km-\n-

∏n-°-W-sa-∂p-am-Wv Km-Uv-Kn¬

I-Ωn-‰n \n¿-t±-in-®-Xv. \n-e-hn-

ep-≈ J-\-\-Øn-\v sa-®-s∏-´

D-]m-[n-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°-Ww, J-

\-\-Øn-\v I¿-i-\ \n-b-{¥-W-

hpw tkm-jy¬ Hm-Un-‰nw-Kpw

th-Ww, tkm¨ aq-∂n¬ k-a-

X-e-ß-fn¬ e-`y-am-Im-Ø A-

]q¿-Δ-bn-\w [m-Xp-Iƒ-°p-th-

≠n am-{X-ta J-\-\w \-S-Øm-

hq, C-ß-s\ t]m-Ip-∂p Km-Uv-

Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-́ n-se \n¿-

t±-i-ßƒ. ]-›n-a-L-´ a-e-\n-

c-I-fn-se \n¿-Ωm-W {]-h¿-Ø-

\-ß-ƒ-°v \n-b-{¥-Ww G¿-s∏-

Sp-Ø-W-sa-∂pw Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-

Ωn-‰n ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v \¬-In-bn-cp-

∂p. h-b-\m-ń-se ]p-Øp-a-e-

bpƒ-s∏-sS D-cpƒ-s]m-´-epw a-

Æn-Sn-®n-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂ {]-

tZ-i-ß-sf-√mw tkm¨ H-∂n-

em-Wv. kp-c-£n-X-ta-J-e-bm-bn

I-W-°m-°-W-sa-∂v Km-Uv-Kn¬

I-Ωn-‰n \n¿-t±-in-® ÿ-e-am-Wv

h-b-\m-Spw \n-e-ºq-cpw.

B-tKm-f-Xm-]-\w

B-tKm-f-Xm-]-\w tI-c-f-

Øn-se Im-em-h-ÿ-bn-epw a-

g-bp-sS k-a-b-Øn-epw kz-`m-h-

Øn-epw h-cp-Øp-∂ am-‰-hpw C-

tXm-sSm-∏w Iq-ń-hm-bn-t°-≠-

Xp-≠v F-∂v hn-Z-Kv-≤¿ Nq-≠n-

°m-´p-∂p. A-Xn-Xo-{h-a-g tI-c-

f-Øn¬ Xm-c-X-tay-\ ]p-Xn-b

{]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. Pq¨, Pq-

sse am-k-ß-fn-se i-‡-am-b

Im-e-h¿-jw F-∂ co-Xn-°v

2002Hm-Sp-Iq-Sn am-‰w h-∂n-cn-°p-

∂p F-∂m-Wv Im-em-h-ÿm \n-

co-£-W-tI-{μ-Øn-s‚ I-W-

°p-I-ƒ hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.

Pq¨ B-Zy-hm-c-Øn-se Zp¿-_-

e F≥-\n-t\m-bpw sX-°p-]-Sn-

™m-d≥ Im-‰n-s‚ K-Xn-am-‰-hp-

am-Wv Cu {]-Xn-`m-k-Øn-\v

Im-c-W-am-bn Im-em-h-ÿ \n-

co-£n-W tI-{μw Nq-≠n-Im-Wn-

°p-∂-Xv. a-g-bp-sS A-f-hn¬ F-

∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ hn-X-c-W-Øn¬

h-∂n-cn-°p-∂ hy-Xym-k-am-Wv

Zp-c-¥-Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂-sX-∂pw

dn-t∏m¿-́ v hy-‡-am-°p-∂p. Im-

em-h-ÿm hy-Xn-bm-\w-aq-ew C-

¥y-bn¬ a-g-Zn -\-ßƒ Ip-d-

™pw I-\-Ø-a-g-s]-øp-∂ km-

l-N-cy-ßƒ h¿-≤n-®pw h-cn-I-

bm-sW-∂v tI-{μ-Im-em-h-ÿm-

h-Ip-∏v ]T-\-ß-fn-eq-sS I-s≠-

Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ta-L-hn-kv-t^m-S-

\-Øn-eq-sS D-≠m-Ip-∂ C-Ø-

cw I-\-Ø-a-g-Iƒ tI-c-f-Øn-

s‚ `q-{]-Ir-Xn-°v ò-j-Wn-bm-

Wv. C-Ø-cw a-g-I-fp-sS B-Lm-

Xw Ip-∂p-I-fn-se a -̈]m-f-n-°v

Xm-ßm-\m-hp-∂n-√ F-∂-Xv sX-

fn-bn-°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv.

]p-Øp-a-e-bn-epw I-h-f-∏m-

d-bn-epw D-cpƒ-s]m-´-ep-≠m-b

B-K-Ãv 8 \v I¿-Wm-S-Iw, tI-

c-fw X-an-gv-\m-Sv F-∂o kw-ÿm-

\-ß-fn-se ]-›n-a-L-́ Xm-gv-hm-

cw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ ta-J-e-I-fn¬

I-\-Ø a-g-bm-Wv D-≠m-b-Xv.

Du-ń-bn-se A-h-em-©n, \n-e-

ºq¿, tIm-gn-t°m-Sv, I-Æq¿,

Im-k¿-tIm-Uv, Ip-S-Iv, a-w-K-fp-

cp, Nn-Iv-a-w-K-eq¿ F-∂o {]-tZ-

i-ßƒ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂ ta-J-e-bn-

em-Wv I-\-Ø a-g s]-bvX-Xv.

24 a-Wn-°q-dn-\p-≈n¬ 200 an-

√o-ao-‰¿ ap-X¬ 800 an-√o-ao-‰-¿

h-sc a-g-bm-Wv Cu {]-tZ-i-ß-

f-n¬ s]-bv-X-Xv. \n-e-ºq-cn-epw

800 an-√o-ao-‰-dn-\-Sp-Øv a-g-bm-

Wv tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

C-Ø-cw a-g-bn¬ \n¿-Ωm-W-{]-

h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ \-S-°p-∂ a-e-

s©-cp-hp-I-fn¬ D-cpƒ-s]m-́ ¬

km-[y-X 100i-X-am-\-am-Wv F-

∂pw tI-{μ-Im-em-h-ÿm h-Ip-

∏v \-S-Øn-b ]T-\-ßƒ Nq-≠n-

°m-Wn-°p-∂p.

\n-c-h-[n \n-b-a-ßƒ \n-e-

hn-ep-≠m-bn-´pw \n-c-h-[n G-

P≥-kn-I-fp-sS ]T-\-dn-t∏m¿-́ pw

Km-Uv-Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-´pw

ap-ºn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´pw B-k-

∂-am-b Zp-c-¥-Øn-s‚ kq-N-\-

Iƒ \n-c-h-[n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-́ pw

bm-sXm-cp-hn-[ ap≥-I-cp-X-ep-I-

fpw kzo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ k¿-°m-

¿ X-øm-dm-Ip-∂n-√ F-∂-Xv A-

]-e-]-\o-b-am-Wv. Im-ew sX-‰n

F-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂ Im-e-

h¿-jw I-\-Ø \m-iw hn-X-®m-

Wv a-S-ßp-∂-Xv. I-h-f-∏m-d-bp-

sS k-ao-]-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ \n-c-

h-[n sN-dn-b D-cpƒ-s]m-´-ep-I-

fp-≠m-bn, I-c-I-hn-™ Nm-en-

bm¿ ]p-g-bp-sS C-cp-I-c-I-fn-epw

I-\-Ø \-„-am-Wv D-≠m-bn-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. h-S-I-c, tIm-gn-t°m-Sv

{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-epw h-ºn-® \m-i-

\-„-ß-fm-Wv D-≠m-bn-́ p-≈-Xv.

Xm-Xv-°m-en-I-am-tbm Hu-Zm-

cy-am-tbm k¿-°m-¿ \¬-Ip-∂

Xp-I-sIm-≠v Po-hn-Xw Xn-cn-®p-

]n-Sn-°m≥ Zp-c-¥-_m-[n-X-cm-b

P-\-ßƒ-°v km-[n-°p-∂n-√. D-

’m-l-tØm-sS-bp-≈ ]n-cn-shm-

gn-®v P-\-ßƒ-°v \-„-s∏-´ Po-

hn-X-hpw Po-h-t\m-]m-[n-I-fpw

I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m≥-th-≠ Im-cy-

ßƒ sN-øp-I F-∂-Xv k¿-°m-

cn-s‚ ]-cn-K-W-\-bn-en-√. {]-f-

b-Øn¬ \-„w 100tIm-Sn I-hn-

bp-sa-∂m-Wv hym-]m-cn-Iƒ I-

W-°p-Iq-´p-∂-Xv. a-lm-{]-f-b-

Øn-ep-≠m-b \-„w a-dn-I-S-°m-

\pw Zp-cn-Xm-izm-k {]-h¿-Ø-\-

Øn-\v ]-Ww- I-s≠-Øm-\pw

{]-f-b-sk-kv G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b

k-¿-°m-cm-Wv tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-

[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]-f-

b-sk-kv \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xm-I-

s´ 2019 B-K-Ãv am-k-Øn¬,

a-s‰m-cp {]-f-b-Im-e-Øv. 928 C-

\-ßƒ-°m-Wv Pn--F-kv-Sn-°p-]p-

d-ta 2 h¿-j-tØ-bv-°v 1 i-X-

am-\w \n-Ip-Xn G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

k¿-°m-¿ \¬-Ip-∂ Xp—amb Xp-I-sIm-≠v Po-hn-Xw Xn-cn-®p-]n-Sn-°m≥ Zp-c-¥-_m-[n-X-cm-b P-\-ßƒ-

°v km-[n-°p-∂n-√. D-’m-l-tØm-sS-bp-≈ ]n-cn-shm-gn-®v P-\-ßƒ-°v \-„-s∏-´ Po-hn-X-hpw Po-h-

t\m-]m-[n-I-fpw I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m≥-th-≠ Im-cy-ßƒsN-øp-I F-∂-Xv k¿-°m-cn-s‚ ]-cn-K-W-\-bn-en-√.

a-lm-{]-f-b-Øn-ep-≠m-b \-„w a-dn-I-S-°m-s\-∂-t]-cn¬ {]-f-b-sk-kv G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b k-¿-°m-cm-Wv

tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-[n-Im-c-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

k¿°m¿ \¬-Ip-∂ \m-a-am-{Xam-b \-„-]-cn-lmcw-sIm-≠vZp-c-¥-_m-[n-X¿°v Po-hn-Xw Xn-cn-®p-]n-Sn-°p-I A-km≤yw

k-Jm-hv amthm tk-XpMv A-\p-kv-a-c-WZn\w

am-thm sk-Xp-Mv 1937¬ c-Nn-® {]-tbm-K-sØ-∏-‰n (On Practice) F-∂ Ir-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂v

""h-kv-Xp-\n-jvT tem-I-Øn-s‚ \n-

b-a-ßƒ a-\- n-em-°p-∂-tXm A-

Xv hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂-tXm

A-√, Cu tem-I-sØ am-‰m-\m-bn

B \n-b-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ A-dn-hv

{In-bm-fl-I-am-bn {]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-

Xm-Wv ]-c-a-{]-[m-\w F-∂v am¿-Iv-

kn-Ãv X-Xz-Nn-¥ ]-d-bp-∂p. am¿-Iv-

kn-Ãv Im-gv-N-∏m-Sn¬ kn-≤m-¥-Øn-

\v {]m-[m-\y-ap-≠v. ""hn-π-h-kn-≤m-

¥-an-√m-sX hn-π-h-ap-t∂-‰-ap-≠m-In-

√'' F-∂ se-\n-s‚ hm-°p-I-fn¬

B {]m-[m-\yw ]q¿-Wm¿-∞-Øn¬

{]-I-Sn-X-am-Wv. F-∂m¬, {]-hr-Øn-

°v am¿-K-Z¿-i-I-am-Ip-∂p F-∂-Xp-

sIm-≠p-am-{X-am-Wv am¿-Iv-kn-kw

kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s‚ {]m-[m-\y-Øn-\v

Ir-Xy-am-bpw -Du-∂¬ \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.''

sk]v-Xw_¿ 9

(tijw 4˛mw t]Pn¬)


4 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

cn-°p-∂-Xv. Pn-F-kv-Sn X-s∂ hn-

e-°-b-‰-Øn-\v Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-

°p-tºm-gm-Wv A-Xn-\pw-]p-d-ta

\n-Ip-Xn Np-a-Øp-∂-Xv. Po-h≥-

c-£m Hu-j-[-ßƒ-°v Dƒ-s∏-

sS hn-e ho-≠pw h¿-≤n-®n-cn-°p-

∂p F-∂m-Wv dn-t∏m¿-́ p-Iƒ ]-

d-bp-∂-Xv. 10000 cq-]-ap-X¬

80000 cq-]-h-sc hn-e-h-¿-≤-\-hv,

hn-ti-jn-®pw Im≥-k-dn-\p-≈ a-

cp-∂n-\v, tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p! a-lm-{]-f-b-Øn¬ k¿-Δ-

Xpw H-en-®p-t]m-b A-t\-I¿ C-

t∏m-gpw ]-I-®p- \n¬-°p-I-bm-

Wv. B-izm-k-[-\-am-b ]-Xn-\m-

bn-cw-t]m-epw In-´m-Ø-h¿ C-

t∏m-gpw \n-c-h-[n. D-cpƒ-s]m-´-

epw a-Æn-Sn-®n-epw sh-≈-s∏m-

°-hpw a-‰-\-h-[n-bm-fp-I-sf D-

‰-h-cpw D-S-b-h-cpw C-√m-Ø-h-cm-

°n, Iq-c-tbm Iq-c-bn-cp-∂ ÿ-

ew-t]m-ep-tam C-√m-Ø-h-cm-

°n. A-\n-›n-X-am-b `m-hn-bp-

sS ap-∂n-¬ ]-I-®p-\n¬-°p-∂-

h¿ Iym-ºp-I-fn¬-\n-∂v F-

tßm-´p-t]m-tI-≠q F-∂-dn-bm-

sX Ip-g-ßp-I-bm-Wv.

P-\-ßƒ Iq-sS-bp-≠v F-∂-

Xv C-Ø-h-W-bpw sX-fn-bn-°-

s∏-´p. H-cp B-lzm-\-hpw C-√m-

sX-X-s∂ ssI-bv sa-bv a-d-∂v

P-\-ßƒ cw-K-Øn-d-ßn. X-

ßƒ-°p-≈-X-{X-bpw \¬-In-

s°m-≠v \n-c-h-[n-bm-fp-Iƒ am-

Xr-I-I-fm-bn. Zp-cn-X-Øn¬ X-

\n-sb-bm-bn-t∏m-b s]¨-Ip-

™n-s‚ hm¿-Ø h-∂-t∏mƒ-

Ø-s∂ Ip-™n-s\ G-s‰-Sp-

°p-hm-\pw ho-Sp-\¬-Ip-hm-\pw

H-s°-bm-bn B-fp-I-ƒ ap-t∂m-

´p-h-∂p F-∂-sXm-s° a-\p-jy-

Xz-Øn-s‚ \n-Z¿-i-\-ß-fm-bn.

Zp-c-¥-_m-[n-X-cm-b ap-gp-

h≥ B-fp-I-sf-bpw \n-cp-]m-[n-

Iw ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-°p-hm≥

A-Sn-b-¥-c \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-

cn-°p-I-bm-Wv k¿-°m¿ D-S-\-

Sn sN-tø-≠-Xv. H-∏w ]-›n-a-

L-́ a-e-\n-c-I-sf kw-c-£n-°p-

hm≥ A-Sn-b-¥-c-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ

kzo-I-cn-°-Ww. ]-›n-a-L-´ a-

e-\n-c-I-sf Xp-c-∂p-Xo¿-°p-∂

Izm-dn-bnw-Kn-\v X-S-bn-S-Ww. A-

Iem-e-b-ß-fn-se {]-iv-\-

ß-sf-°p-dn-®v A-t\z-jn-°m-\m-

bn C-Ø-c-sam-cp kz-X-{¥ P-

\-Io-b Pp-Uo-jy¬ I-Ωo-j≥

\n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv tI-c-f-

Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-Øn¬ C-Xm-Zy-

am-Wv.

Xn-I-®pw, kz-X-{¥-am-bm-Wv

I-Ωo-j-≥ {]-h¿-Øn-®-Xv. Xn-

cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw, tIm-gn-t°m-Sv,

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-

em-bn A-©p Zn-h-k-sØ sX-

fn-sh-Sp-∏v \-S-Øn-b I-Ωo-j≥,

hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ, A-[ym-]-I¿,

c-£n-Xm-°ƒ, hn-Zym-`ym-k {]-

h¿-Ø-I¿, cm-jv-{So-b-˛-km-aq-

ln-I {]-h¿-Ø-I¿, ]-{X-{]-Xn-

\n-[n-Iƒ F-∂n-h-cn¬-\n-∂v

sX-fn-hp-Iƒ ti-J-cn-®p. A-`n-

{]m-b-ß-fpw \n¿-t±-i-ß-fpw C-

-̨sa-bn¬ h-gn-bpw k-am-l-cn-®p.

A-h-sb-√mw t{Im-Uo-I-cn-®m-

Wv dn-t∏m¿-ń-\v cq-]w \¬-In-

b-Xv.

bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn-

se {]-iv-\-ß-sf A-[n-I-cn-®m-

Wv I-Ωn-j≥ cq-]-h¬-°-cn-s∏-

´-sX-¶n-epw, ]n-∂o-Sv tSw-kv H-

^v d-^-d≥-kv Xo-cp-am-\n-®-

t∏mƒ kw-ÿm-\-sØ F-√m

I-em-e-b-ß-fn-se-bpw A-{I-a-

ßƒ, a-\p-jym-h-Im-i {]-iv-\-

ßƒ, ]-co-£m-{I-a-t°-Sp-Iƒ

F-∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p-Iq-Sn A-t\z-

jn-°m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp-∂p. sIm-®n≥, tI-c-f, tIm-

gn-t°m-Sv, I-Æq¿, sS-Iv-\n-°¬

k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fn-se A-̂ n-

en-tb-‰-Uv tIm-tf-Pp-I-fn-se hn-

Zym¿-∞n-I-fp-sS-bpw Po-h-\-°m-

cp-sS-bpw {]m-Xn-\n-[y ]-¶m-fn-

Ø-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p sX-fn-sh-Sp-

∏p-I-fn¬.

tI-c-f-Øn-se H-´p-an-° I-

em-e-b-ß-fn-epw G-sX-¶n-epw

cq-]-Øn-ep-≈ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i

[zw-k-\-ßƒ \-S-°p-∂-Xm-bn

I-Ωn-j≥ I-s≠-Øp-I-bp-≠m-

bn. A-{I-a-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-eq-sS

B-[n-]-Xyw ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw

A-{]-am-Zn-Xzw ]p-e¿-Øp-I-bpw

sN-øp-∂ hn-Zym¿-∞n bq-Wn-b-

\p-Iƒ I-em-e-b-ß-fn-se P-\m-

[n-]-Xy {]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ A-ń-

a-dn-°p-∂p. a-‰v hn-Zym¿-∞n kw-

L-S-\-I-sf {]-h¿-Øn--°m-t\m

bq-Wn-b≥ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ ̀ -

b-c-ln-X-am-bn ]-s¶-Sp-°m-t\m

A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n-√. A-°m-Z-an-I

km-l-N-cy-sØ A-{I-a-cm-jv-{So-

bw {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-°p-

∂ ÿn-Xn-bm-Wv ]-e-bn-S-ß-fn-

epw. hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fp-sS kz-X-

{¥ k-©m-c-sØ-t∏m-epw X-S-

bp-∂ tIm-tf-Pv bq-Wn-b-\p-

Iƒ A-h-cp-sS a-\p-jym-h-Im-

i-ßƒ -N-hp-ń-sa-Xn-°p-∂ \n-

c-h-[n kw-`-h-ßƒ hn-h-cn-°p-

∂ sR-ń-°p-∂ sam-gn-I-fm-Wv

Nn-e hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ \¬-In-b-

Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw bq-Wn-th-

gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn-se "C-Sn-ap-dn'

H-‰-s∏-´-X-√. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw

K-h¨-sa‚ v B¿-Sv-kv tIm-tf-

Pn-epw F-d-Wm-Ip-fw a-lm-cm-

Pm-kv tIm-tf-Pn-epw tIm-gn-

t°m-Sv a-S-∏-≈n tIm-tf-Pn-ep-

sam-s° "C-Sn-ap-dn'Iƒ {]-h¿-

Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. tIm-tf-Pv bq-

Wn-b≥ dq-ap-I-fm-Wv C-Sn-ap-dn-

I-fm-bn am-dp-∂-sX-∂pw I-Ωn-

j≥ I-s≠-Øn.

tI-c-f-Øn-se `q-cn-]-£w

I-em-e-b -bq-Wn-b-\p-Iƒ `-cn-

°p-∂ F-kv-F-^v-sF X-s∂-

bm-Wv {]-[m-\-am-bpw {]-Xn-

ÿm-\-Øv \n¬-°p-∂-Xv. hn-

Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ \¬-In-b ]-cm-Xn-

I-fn¬ Iq-Sp-X-epw F-kv-F-^v-

sF {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ \-S-Øn-b

B-{I-a-W-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-bn-cp-

∂p. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw Fw-Pn

tIm-tf-Pn¬, F-kv-F-̂ v-sF-bp-

sS am-Xr-I ]n-¥p-S¿-∂v F-_n-

hn-]n-bpw A-{I-a tI-{μ-ßƒ

\-S-Øp∂p-sh-∂ ]-cm-Xn-I-fpw

e-`n-®p.

H-∂mw h¿-j hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-

fm-Wv an-°-t∏m-gpw B-{I-a-W-

ßƒ-°v C-c-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xv. F-

∂m¬, G-‰-hpw sR-ń-® {]-iv-

\w, ta¬-∏-d-™ {Iq-c-am-b

kw-̀ -h-ßƒ A-c-tß-dp-tºmƒ

Im-gv-N-°m-cm-bn \n¬-°p-∂ A-

[ym-]-I-cp-sS ]-¶m-Wv. A-h-

cn¬ Nn-e¿ A-{I-an -Iƒ-°v

t{]m-’m-l-\w \¬-Ip-∂p-sh-

∂ h-kv-Xp-X-bpw Nn-e hn-Zym¿-

∞n-Iƒ Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-am-

b hn-[-Øn¬, Kp-cp-\m-Y ÿm-

\-Øp-\n-∂v h-gn-Im-t´-≠ A-

[ym-]-I¿ k-¶p-Nn-X I-£n cm-

jv-{So-b ]-cn-K-W-\-I-tfm-sS A-

{I-a-W-ß-sf \ym-bo-I-cn-°p-

∂-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-\m-hn-√.

kw-L-Sn-X A-[ym-]-I-{]-ÿm-

\-Øn-se Nn-e-sc-¶n-epw A-[ym-

]-I-hr-Øn-bp-sS a-l-Xzw I-f-

™p-Ip-fn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw dn-

t∏m¿-ń¬ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v.]-co-£-bp-sS hn-izm-ky-X

I-f-¶-s∏-´p

A-tX-t]m-se, A-Sn-th-cp-

Iƒ ]n-gp-Xp-am-t‰-≠ a-s‰m-cp

ta-J-e-bm-Wv I-em-e-b {]-th-

i-\-Øn-se {I-a-t°-Sp-I-fpw ]-

co-£m-Xn-cn-a-dn-I-fpw. ]-co-£m-

tNm-Zy-ßƒ tNm¿-Øn-s°m-Sp-

°p-I, D-Ø-c-°-S-em-kp-Iƒ

bq-Wn-b≥ t\-Xm-°ƒ-°v \n-

b-a-hn-cp-≤-am-bn F-Øn-®p-sIm-

Sp-°p-I, A-\¿-l-sc kv-t]m-´v

A-Uv-an-j-\n-eq-sS-bpw kv-t]m¿-

´v-kv Izm-´-bn-eq-sS-bpw C‚¿-˛-

tIm-tf-Pv {Sm≥-kv-^-dn-eq-sS-

bpw I-S-Øn-hn-Sp-I F-∂n-h-bpw

Nn-e I-em-e-b-ß-fn¬ hym-]-I-

am-bn \-S-°p-∂p-≠v. A-Xn-\v ]n-

∂n-epw kw-L-S-\m ]n≥-_-e-

ap-≈ A-[ym-]-I-cp-sS-bpw Po-

h-\-°m-cp-sS-bpw ssI-Iƒ sX-

fn-™v Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]-co-

£m lm-fn¬ \-S-°p-∂ tIm-

∏n-b-Sn, ]-co-£-bp-sS hn-izm-

ky-X-sb-Ø-s∂ I-f-¶-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

-F-Xn-cn-√m-sX- -sX-c-s™-

Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂p F-∂v A-h-Im-i-

s∏-Sp-∂ I-em-e-b bq-Wn-b-\p-

Iƒ an-°-t∏m-gpw F-Xn¿-ÿm-

\m¿-∞n-I-fp-sS t\m-an-t\-j≥

\¬-Im-\p-≈ A-h-Im-iw-t]m-

epw \ntj[n®-p-sIm-≠m-Wv

kz-bw {]-Jym-]n-X hn-P-bn-I-

fm-bn {]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. A-

]-lm-ky-am-Wv A-Ø-c-sam-cp

km-l-N-cyw. F-∂m¬, F-¥p-

sIm-≠v k-am-\-am-b {]-iv-\-

ßƒ Z-im-_v-Z-ß-fm-bn B-h¿-

Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p; A-h-bp-sS Im-

c-W-ß-fpw ]-cn-lm-c-ß-fpw F-

¥v F-∂ hn-j-b-sØ kw-_-

‘n-®m-Wv Cu P-\-Io-b I-Ωn-

j≥ A-t\z-j-W-Øn¬ Du-

∂¬ \¬-In-b-Xv.

A-Xn¬ H-∂m-a-Xm-bn I-

s≠-Øn-b-Xv I-f-¶n-X-am-b cm-

jv-{So-b t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚ ko-

a-I-fn-√m-Ø ]n-¥p-W-bm-Wv I-

em-e-b-ß-fn¬ A-{I-a-cm-jv-{So-

bw B-g-Øn¬ th-cq-∂m≥ C-

S-bm-°n-b-sX-∂-Xm-Wv. kw-

ÿm-\ ̀ -c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ,

\n-b-a-kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ F-∂n-h

A-{I-a-sØ A-a¿-® sN-øp-∂-

Xn¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p.- \n-b-a-

ßƒ I-S-em-kn¬ D-d-ßp-∂p.

1998 se dm-Knw-Kv hn-cp-≤ \n-b-

aw \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]-cm-P-b-

s∏-´-Xn-\m¬ Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ in-

£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-√.

I-£n-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ I-

dp-Ø N-c-Sp-I-fm¬ _-‘-\-

ÿ-cm-b t]m-eo-kv tk-\-bv-°v

\n-b-a-hm-gv-N D-d-∏m-°m-\m-Ip-

∂n-√. ]-I-cw, ̀ -c-W-]-£m-̀ n-ap-

Jy-ap-≈ Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°v kw-

c-£-Ww \¬-tI-≠n-h-cp-∂

ÿn-Xn Xp-S-cp-∂p. {In-an-\¬

tI- p-I-fn¬-t]m-epw, A-kw-

L-Sn-X-cm-b hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ

\¬-Ip-∂ ]-cm-Xn-I-fn-t∑¬ Xp-

S¿-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ \n-›-e-am-Ip-∂-

Xn-\v Im-c-W-hpw ta¬-∏-d-™

I-£n-̨ -cm-jv-{So-b ]m-iw X-s∂.

H-‰-hm-°n¬, I-f-¶n-X P-\m-[n-

]-Xyw.

k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e-Iƒ-°v A-

]-cn-ta-b-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ßƒ

\n-b-a-ß-fn-epw N-´-ß-fn-ep-ap-

≠v. F-∂m¬, tI-c-f-Øn-se I-

em-e-b-ß-fn¬ A-{I-a-ßƒ s]-

cp-Ip-∂-Xn-\pw A-°m-Z-an-I A-

¥-co-£w tim-N-\o-b-amw-hn-[w

I-em-e-b-ß-fn-se a-\p-jym-h-Im-i ew-L-\-ßƒ

P-Ãn-kv ]n.-sI.jw-kp-±o≥ I-Ωn-j≥

]q¿-Æ dn-t∏m¿-́ v k-a¿-∏n-®p

tI -c-f-Øn-se I-em-e-b-ß-fn¬ \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i ew-

L-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v A-t\z-jn-°m-\m-bn \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´ P-Ãn-kv ]n.-sI.jw-kp-±o≥ I-Ωn-j≥ sk-]v-Xw-_¿ 2˛-\v dn-t∏m¿-´v k-a¿-∏n-®p. tk-hv F-Pyq-t°-j≥ I-

Ωn-‰n-bp-sS-bpw tk-hv bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n Iym-º-bn≥ I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS-bpw kw-bp-‡]-cn-{i-a-̂ -e-am-bn-́ m-Wv kz-X-{¥ P-\-Io-b Pp-Uo-jy≥ A-t\z-j-W I-Ωo-j-s\

sa-bv 20˛mw Xo-b-Xn \n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn¬ sa-bv 2\v H-cp hn-Zym¿-∞n-\n R-c-ºv ap-dn-®v B-fl-l-Xy-bv-°v {i-an-®-Xn-s\ Xp-S¿-∂m-Wv tk-hv

bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pv Iym-º-bn≥ I-Ωn-‰n cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-́ -Xv. sa-bv 10-̨ -\vI-Ωn-‰n Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv ]u-c kw-K-aw kw-L-Sn-∏n-®p. B kw-K-a-Øn-s‚ Xo-cp-

am-\-{]-Im-c-am-Wv kz-X-{¥ P-\-Io-b Pp-Uo-jy¬ I-Ωo-j≥ cq-]o-Ir-X-am-b-Xv.

(tijw 5˛mw t]Pn¬)

\-[n-Ir-X-Izm-dn-Iƒ A-S-®p-]q-

´-Ww. tI-c-f-Øn-se X-Æo¿X-

S-ß-fpw kzm-`m-hn-I P-e-kw-`-

c-Wn-I-fm-b ]m-S-ß-fpw Im-b-

ep-I-fpw \-Zn-I-fpw B-dp-I-fpw

kw-c-£n-°-s∏-S-Ww. h-\-ßƒ

kw-c-£n-°-s∏-S-Ww. Km-Uv-

Kn¬ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-ń≥-ta¬

B-h-iy-am-b \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ k-Xz-

c-am-bn kzo-I-cn-°-Ww. Im-e-

hn-fw-_w Iq-Sm-sX Cu \-S-]-

Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°m≥ X-øm-dm-

bm¬ am-{X-ta h-cm-\n-cn-°p-∂

h≥-Zp-c-¥-Øn¬-\n-∂v tI-c-f-

sØ c-£n-°m-\m-Iq.


sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 5

X-I-cp-∂-Xn-\pw Im-c-W-am-Ip-∂

km-l-N-cy-sØ t\-cn-Sm-\p-≈

[m¿-Ωn-I-i-‡n k¿-Δ-I-em-im-

e-I-fp-sS A-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ {]-Z¿-

in-∏n-°p-∂n-√. hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fp-

sS ]-cm-Xn-Iƒ-°v ]-cn-lm-cw Im-

Wm-\p-≈ -̀{Z-am-b kw-hn-[m-\-

ßƒ \n-›-e-am-Wv an-° k¿-

Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fn-epw.

C-Ø-c-sam-cp km-l-N-cy-

Øn¬ R-ßƒ kp-{]-[m-\-am-

b Nn-e ip-]m¿-i-Iƒ K-h¨-

sa‚n-s‚ A-Sn-b-¥-c ]-cn-K-W-

\-bv-°m-bn k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂p. {]-

[m-\ ip-]m¿-i-I-fp-sS kw-{K-

lw Xm-sg-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p:

1. I-em-e-b-ß-fn-se a-\p-

jym-h-Im-i ew-L-\-ß-sf {]-

Xn-tcm-[n-°m-\m-h-iy-am-b kp-

i-‡-am-b \n-b-a kw-hn-[m-\w

C-t∏mƒ kw-ÿm-\-Øv \n-e-

hn-en-√. 1998 se dm-Knw-Kv hn-cp-

≤ \n-b-aw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈-h

I-em-e-b-ß-fn¬ A-{I-a-ß-sf

t\-cn-Sm≥ ]-cym-]v-X-a-√m-sb-∂v

I -s≠-Øn -b km -l-N -cy -

Øn¬, F-√m \n-b-a-ß-fp-sS-

bpw ]n≥-_-e-tØm-sS-bp--≈ H-

cp kw-ÿm-\-X-e {]-iv-\-]-cn-

lm-c k-an-Xn-˛-I-em-e-b-ß-fn-

se a-\p-jym-h-Im-i {]-iv-\-

ßƒ ssI-Im-cyw sN-øm-\m-bn

˛ H-cp Hmw-_p-Uv-kv-am≥ cq-]-

h¬-°-cn-°-W-sa-∂v R-ßƒ

ip-]m¿-i sN-øp-∂p.

2. -hn-Zym¿-∞n-\n-I-fp-sS {]-iv-

\-ßƒ°v ]-cn-lm-c-w I-s≠-Øm-

\mbn, sXm-gn-en-S-ß-fn-se ssew-

Kn-Im-Xn-{I-aw X-S-b¬ \n-b-a-Øn-

s‚ am-Xr-I-bn¬, H-cp B-̀ y-¥-

c I-Ωn-‰n F-√m I-em-e-b-ß-fn-

epw cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°p-I.

3. I¿-i-\-am-b s]-cp-am-‰-®-

´w B-hn-jv-I-cn-®v F-√m I-em-

e-b-ß-fn-epw \n¿-_-‘-am-bpw

\S∏m°pI. A-{I-a-ß-tfm, A-

\n-jv-S kw-`-h-ß-tfm D-≠m-Ip-

∂ km-l-N-cyw H-gn-hm-°n A-

°m-Z-an-I A-¥-co-£w an-I-hp-

‰-Xm-°p-sa-∂v D-d-∏m-°-Ww.

4. \n¿-_-‘-]q¿-Δw hn-Zym¿-

∞n-I-sf {]-I-S-\-ß-fn-tem ]-

cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-tem ]-s¶-Sp-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv \n-tcm-[n-°-Ww. Ip-‰-

°m¿-°v am-Xr-Im-]-c-am-b in-

£ \¬-I-Ww.

5. tIm-tf-Pv bq-Wn-b-s‚

tbm kw-L-\-I-fp-sStbm \n¿-

_-‘n-X ]-W-∏n-cn-hv XSbm≥

N-´w \n¿-Ωn-°-Ww.

6. k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e \n-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂-h-cp-sS ]q¿-Æ ta¬-

t\m-´ -Øn¬ th-Ww sX-c-

s™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ \-S-°m≥. Ip-

‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬ G¿-s∏-´-h-sc

a-’-cn-°m≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°-cp-Xv.

7. F-Xn-cn-√m-sX sX-c-s™-

Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂ tIm-tf-Pv bq-Wn-

b-\p-Iƒ G-I-]-£o-b-a-√m-sb-

∂v D-d-∏m-°m≥, ]-cm-Xn-I-fp-s≠-

¶n¬ sX-c-™-Sp-∏v -̂ew {]-

Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv \o-́ n-h-bv-°p-I.

]-cm-Xn h-kv-Xp-Xm-]-c-sa-¶n¬

sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v d-±m-°-Ww.

8. hn-Zym¿-∞n {]-th-i-\-

Øn-\m-bn tIm-tf-Pp-Iƒ kv-

t]m-´v A-Uv-an-j≥ \-S-Øp-∂

k-{º-Zm-bw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-

I. AXv k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e-Iƒ

t\-cn-´v \-S-Ø-Ww.

9. C‚¿-˛-tIm-tf-Pv {Sm≥-kv-

^¿ A-\¿-l¿-°v I-S-∂p-Iq-Sm-

\p-≈ h-gn-bm-I-cp-Xv. kq-£v-a

]-cn-tim-[-\ k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e

\-S-Øn-b-Xn-\p-ti-jw ]q¿-Æ-

am-bpw sa-cn-‰v ]m-en-®v th-Ww

A-\p-a-Xn \¬-tI-≠-Xv.

10. tIm-tf-Pv {]-hr-Øn k-

a-bw -I-gn-™ ti-jw, A-\-[n-

Ir-X-am-bn hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ Iym-

º-kn¬ X-ßp-∂ {]-h-W-X X-

S-b-Ww.

11. {I-a-t°-Sp-Iƒ X-S-bm≥,

k¿-Δ-I-em-im-em ]-co-£-I-fp-

sS D-Ø-c-°-S-em-kp-I-fpw tNm-

Zy-°-S-em-kp-I-fpw kq-£n-°m-

\pw, ]-co-£ I-gn-™m-ep-S≥

Xn-cn-sI hm-ßn Hm-Un-‰v sN-øm-

\pw k¿-Δ-I-em-im-e-Iƒ {]-

tXy-Ikw-hn-[m-\w H-cp-°-Ww.

12. Ct‚-W¬ am¿-°n-s‚

Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw X-S-bm≥ AXv ]-

Ip-Xn-bm-°n Ip-d-bv-°-mw.

13. do-A-Uv-an-j-\p-≈ k¿-

h-I-em-im-e-m hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ

I¿-i-\-am-bn \-S-∏n-em-°Ww.

14. dm-Knw-Kv hn-cp-≤ \n-b-aw

I¿-i-\-am-bn \-S-∏n-em-°p-I.

15. a-Zy-˛-a-b-°p-a-cp-∂v kw-

L-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v \-Ωp-sS I-em-

e-b-ß-sf kp-c-£n-X-am-°m≥

A-Ø-cw Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-kw-L-ß-fp-

am-bn _-‘-ap-≈-h-sc ap-gp-h≥

tlm-Ã-ep-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw tIm-tf-

Pp-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw ]p-d-Øm-°-

Ww. tbm-Ky-cm-b, ÿn-cw hm¿-

U-∑m-sc A-Xn-\m-bn tlm-Ã-ep-

I-fn¬ \n-tbm-Kn-°-Ww.

16. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw ]m-f-b-

Øv h¿-j-ß-fm-bn {]-h¿-Øn-

°p-∂ B -̈Ip-́ n-I-fp-sS tlm-

Ã¬ \-ho-I-c-Ww \-S-Øn

s]¨-Ip-ń-I-fp-sS tlm-Ã-em-

°n am-‰-Ww. \-K-c-Øn-se

s] -̈Ip-́ n-I-fp-sS Xm-a-k-ÿ-

ew C-√m-bv-a F-∂ {]-iv-\-Øn-

\v ]-cn-lm-cw Im-Wm≥ A-Xm-

h-iy-am-Wv. A-tXm-sSm-∏w X-

s∂ B -̈Ip-́ n-Iƒ-°v a-s‰m-cp

tlm-Ã¬ ]-Wn-Xv \¬-I-Ww.

17. ]n-‰n-F, hn-Zym¿-∞n ]-

cm-Xn ]-cn-lm-c sk¬, h-\n-Xm-

sk¬, dm-Knw-Kv hn-cp-≤ sk¬

F-∂n-h ]p-\xcp-÷o-hn-∏n-®v k-

Po-h-am-°n {]-h¿-Øn-∏n-°-Ww.

18. F-√m ssh-kv Nm≥-k-

e¿-am-cp-sS-bpw \n-b-a-\-ßƒ

]q¿-Æ-am-bn sa-cn-‰v ]m-en-®p-th-

Ww \-S-∏n-em-t°-≠-Xv.

19. sIm-®n-bn-se Ip-km-

‰v(sIm-®n≥ bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n H-

^v k-b≥-kv B‚ v sS-Iv-t\m-

f-Pn) tlm-Ã-ep-I-fn¬ {]-th-

i-\-\-S-]-Sn -Iƒ Ip-‰-a-‰-Xm-

°m≥ ssh-kv Nm≥-k-e-dp-sS

Np-a-X-e-bn¬ ta¬-t\m-´ k-an-

Xn-Iƒ-°v cq-]w \¬-I-Ww.

20. G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\-am-bn

F-√m I-em-e-b-ß-fn-epw P-\m-

[n-]-Xym-¥-co-£w ]p-\x-ÿm-

]n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn hn-

Zym¿-∞n-I-fpw A-[ym-]-I-cpw

H-Øp-tN-cp-∂ t^m-d-ßƒ cq-

]-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-S-Ww. A-\p-̀ -

h-ßƒ ]-¶p sh-bv-°-s∏-S-Ww.

I-em-e-b-Øn-se {]-iv-\-ßƒ

B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-bn N¿-® sN-øp-

∂ km-l-N-cy-ap-≠m-bm¬, A-

Xn¬ hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v k-Po-

h ]-¶m-fn-Øw \¬-Im-\m-bm-

¬ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-t_m-[w h-f¿-

Øm-\pw D-Ø-a ]u-c-∑m-sc

kr-jv-Sn-°m-\pw I-em-e-b-ßƒ-

°v I-gn-bpw.

B-i-b-kw-hm-Z-ßƒ A-h-

bp-sS ]q¿-Æ cq-]-Øn¬ \-S-

°p-tºmƒ am-{X-ta b-Ym¿-∞

I-em-e-b-ßƒ ]n-d-hn-sb-Sp-°p-

∂p-≈q. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚

{]-iv-\-ßƒ-°v Iq-Sp-X¬ D-b¿-

∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xyw am-{X-am-Wv

t]mw-h-gn F-∂ a-l-Øm-b N-

cn-{X-]mTw Hm¿-an-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-

Wv dn-t∏m¿-´v k-am-]n-°p-∂-Xv.

sk-]v-Xw-_¿ 2\v Xn-cph\-

¥-]pcw {]-kv ¢-_v lm-fn¬

tN¿-∂ {]u-V-am-b k-tΩ-f-\-

Øn¬-h-®m-Wv I-Ωn-j≥ dn-

t∏m¿-´v {]-Im-i-\w sN-bv-X-Xv.

sN-b¿-am≥ P-Ãn-kv ]n.-sI.-

jw-kp-±o≥, bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n

tIm-tf-Pn¬ B-fl-l-Xy-bv-°v

{i-an-® \n-Jn-em k-Pn-Øn-\v H-

cp tIm-∏n \¬-In-bm-Wv dn-

t∏m¿-́ v s]m-Xp-P-\-ßƒ-°m-bn

{]-Im-i-\w sN-bv-X-Xv. tIm-∏n

G-‰p-hm-ßn-b-ti-jw \n-Jn-e-

bpw kw-km-cn-®p. Iq-Sm-sX I-

Ωn-j≥ Aw-K-ß-fm-b tUm.-

hn.X-¶-a-Wn, A-Uz.sP.k-

‘y, s{]m-^.F-kv.h¿-§o-kv,

sa-º¿ sk-{I-´-dn s{]m-^.F.-

Pn. tPm¿-÷v F-∂n-h-cpw A-

h-cp-sS A-\p-`-h-ßƒ ]-¶p-h-

®p. s{]m-^.Fw.-Pn.i-in-`q -

j¨, s{]m-^.tam-fn- sa-gv-k-

en≥, tUm.{]-k-∂-Ip-am¿,

s{]m-̂ .hn-P-b-e-£v-an F-∂n-h-

cpw kw-km-cn-®p. I-Ωn-j-s\ \n-

tbm-Kn-® tk-hv bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-

‰n tIm-tf-Pv Iym-º-bn≥ I-Ω-

‰n-bp-sS sN-b¿-am≥ B¿.F-

kv.i-in-Ip-am¿ A-[y-£-X h-

ln-®p. sk-{I-´-dn Fw.jm-P¿-

Jm≥ kzm-K-Xw ]-d-™p.

cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xr-Xz-am-Wv

sX-‰p-Xn-cp-tØ-≠-Xv

hn-Zym¿-∞n cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-

s‚ a-l-Xzw ]p-\x-ÿm-]n-°m-

sX cm-Pyw C-∂v t\-cn-Sp-∂ ò-

j-W-am-b sh-√p-hn-fn-I-sf A-

Xn-Po-hn-°m≥ k-aq-l-Øn-\v I-

gn-bn-√. tI-c-f-Øn-se I-em-e-

b-ß-sf A-{I-a-cm-jv-{So-Øn-eq-

sS Io-gv-s∏-Sp-Øn, A-cm-jv-{So-

b-h¬-°-c-W-sØ h-f¿-Øn,

{]-Xn-tem-a B-i-b-ßƒ-°v th-

cq-∂m-\p-≈ I-hm-S-ßƒ Xp-d-

∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ {]-ap-J

ÿm-\-Øv F-kv-F-^v-sF-bm-

Wv F-∂-Xv {]-iv-\-Øn-s‚ Ku-

c-hw h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. A-{I-a-

cm-jv-{So-bw am-{X-a-√, ]n-F-kv-

F-kn-bp-sS D-Ø-c-°-S-em-kp-I-

fpw tNm-Zy-°-S-em-kp-I-fpw

tNm¿-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂ am-^n-

bm-kw-Lw t]m-epw I-em-e-b-

ßƒ tI-{μo-I-cn-®v {]-h¿-Øn-

°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv Xp-Sc-t\z-j-

W-ßƒ h-gn ]n-∂o-Sv tI-c-fw

I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv. A-h-bp-sS ]p-

d-In-epw, Ip-‰-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-´

H-cp cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xr-Xzw {]-

h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-≠v F-∂ Im-cyw

]-I¬-t]m-se hy-‡-am-Wv.

kw-ÿm-\w `-cn-°p-∂ kn-]n-

sF(Fw) Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ ]m¿-

ń-Iƒ-°v C-°m-cy-ß-fn-se-√m-

ap-≈ ]-¶v A-{X-sb-fp-∏w \n-

tj-[n-°m-\m-hn-√.

^-e-Øn¬, C-Ø-cw Zp-jv-

sN-bv-Xn-Iƒ kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ i-

‡n-Iƒ-°v A-h-cp-sS cm-jv-{So-

b kzm-[o-\w h¿-[n-∏n-°m-\p-

≈ h-gn-I-fm-bn am-dp-∂p-sh-∂-

Xm-Wv G-‰-hpw Zpx-J-I-cw. B-

b-Xn-\m¬ C-S-Xp-]-£ {]-ÿm-

\-ßƒ, hn-ti-jn-®pw F-kv-F-

^v-sF-°v B-i-b-t\-Xr-Xzw

\¬-Ip-∂ kn-]n-sF(Fw) H-cp

]p-\¿-hn-Nn-¥-\-Øn-\v X-øm-dm-

I-Ww. F-kv-F-^v-sF F-∂

kw-L-S-\-sb P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h¬-

°-cn-°m-\p-≈ B-flm¿-∞-am-

b ]-cn-{i-a-ßƒ cm-jv-{So-b t\-

Xr-Xzw \-S-Ø-s´. I-em-e-b-ß-

fn¬ A-{I-a-ß-f-√ B-i-b kw-

hm-Z-ß-fm-Wv th-≠-sX-∂ {]-

[m-\-s∏-´-]mTw H-cn-°-epw hn-

kv-a-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.

kz-X-{¥ P-\-Io-b Pp-Uo-

jy≥ I-Ωn-j≥ i-cn-bm-bn Nq-

≠n-°m-Wn-®-Xp-t]m-se P-\m-

[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ {]-iv-\-ßƒ-°v

]-cn-lm-cw Iq-Sp-X¬ D-b¿-∂ P-

\m-[n-]-Xyw am-{X-am-W.v B P-

\m-[n-]-Xy-t_m-[w, hn-Zym¿-∞n

kw-L-S-\m t\-Xm-°ƒ-°v B-

Zyw ]-I¿-∂v \¬-I-Ww. F-

¶n¬ am-{X-ta hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ-

°v P-\m-[n-]-Xy {]-_p-≤-X

ssI-h-cn-°m-\m-hq. ^m-kn-Ãv

ò-j-Wn-sb sN-dp-°m-\p-≈ G-

‰-hpw \-√ t]mw-h-gn kz-X-{¥

I-em-e-b-ß-fm-Wv. kz-X-{¥ P-

\m-[n-]-Xy I-em-e-b-ß-sf Io-

gv-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ̂ m-kn-Ãv i-‡n-

Iƒ-°v I-gn-bn-√. A-h¿, {]-Xn-

tcm-[-Øn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-bw h-f¿-

Øn-sb-Sp-°pw. ̀ -b-c-ln-X-cm-bn

t]m-cm-Spw. {_n-ó-jv-hn-cp-≤

t]m-cm-´-Øn-s‚ \m-fp-I-fn¬

kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ ]-Xm-I-Iƒ

ssI-bn-te-¥n sX-cp-hn-en-d-

ßm≥ ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-ßƒ k-∂-

≤-cm-bn. A-h-cn¬ \-s√m-cp ]-

¶v I-em-e-b-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈

hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂

N-cn-{X-]mTw hn-Zym¿-∞n kw-

L-S-\m-t\-Xm-°-sf, hn-ti-jn-

®pw C-S-Xp-]-£ te-_-ep-≈

t\-Xm-°-sf R-ßƒ hn-\-b-

]q¿-hw Hm¿-Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p.

I-Ωn-j≥ dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-b¿-am≥ P-Ãn-kv ]n.-sI.-jw-kp-±o≥, bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰ntIm-tf-Pv ]q¿-Δ hn-Zym¿-∞n\n \n-Jn-em k-Pn-Øn-\v H-cp tIm-∏n \¬-In-

s]m-Xp-P-\-ßƒ-°m-bn {]-Im-i-\w sN-øp∂p. IΩn-j≥ Aw-K-ßƒ k-ao]w

hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fp-sS kz-X-{¥ k-©m-c-sØ-t∏m-epw

X-S-bp-∂ tIm-tf-Pv bq-Wn-b-\p-Iƒ A-h-cp-sS a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßƒ -N-hp-ń-sa-Xn-°p-∂ \n-c-h-[n

kw-`-h-ßƒ hn-h-cn-°p-∂ sR-ń-°p-∂ sam-gn-I-fm-Wv Nn-e hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ \¬-In-b-Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-

¥-]p-cw bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn-se "C-Sn-ap-dn'H-‰-s∏-´-X-√. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw K-h¨-sa‚ v B¿-Sv-

kv tIm-tf-Pn-epw F-d-Wm-Ip-fw a-lm-cm-Pm-kv tIm-tf-Pn-epw tIm-gn-t°m-Sv a-S-∏-≈n tIm-tf-Pn-ep-sam-

s° "C-Sn-ap-dn'Iƒ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-≠v.


apw -ss_-bn -se Xm -P v

tlm-´-en-ep-≠m-b ò-I-cm-{I-a-

W-Øn-\v sXm-́ p-]n-∂m-se 2008

Un-kw-_¿ 31\v tIm¨-{K-kn-

s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ tI-{μ-

K-h-s◊‚ v tZ-io-b A-t\z-j-

W G-P≥-kn \n-b-aw 2008

]m¿-e-sa‚n¬ ]m-km-°n-b-Xn-

s\-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv F≥-sF-F

F-∂ tI-{μ A-t\z-j-W G-

P≥-kn-°v cq-]w \¬-In-b-sX-

t∂m¿-°p-I. tIm -̈{K- v k¿-

°m-cpw ò-I-c-hm-Z-sØ t\-cn-

Sm-s\-∂ \ym-b-am-Wv D-∂-bn-®-

Xv. C-t∏mƒ sIm-≠p-h-∂ t`-

Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂

am-‰-ß-fm-Wv D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xv: 1) a-\p-jy-°-S-Øv, I-≈-t\m-

´v, B-bp-[-\n¿-Ωm-W-hpw hym-

]m-c-hpw, ssk-_¿ ò-I-c-hm-

Zw Xp-S-ßn-b ta-J-e-I-fn-te-bv-

°p-Iq-Sn F≥-sF-F-bp-sS A-

[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n hn-]p-e-s∏-Sp-Øn,

2) A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬ h-cp-

∂ Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sS Im-cy-

Øn¬ cm-Py-sØ-hn-sS-bp-ap-≈

t]m-eo-kv D-tZym-K-ÿ¿-°v Xp-

ey-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ßƒ F≥-

sF-F D-Zym-K-ÿ¿-°pw D-≠m-

Ipw, 3) A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬

h-cp-∂ Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fp-sS hn-

Nm-c-W-bv-°m-bn sk-j≥-kv

tIm-S-Xn-I-sf {]-tXy-I tIm-S-

Xn-I-fm-bn Np-a-X-e-s-∏-Sp-Øm≥

tI-{μ-K-h-s◊‚n-\v A-[n-Im-cw

\¬-Ip-∂p.

\n-b-a-hn-cp-≤ {]-h¿-Ø-\w

X-S -b¬-\n -b -aw B-I-s´,

1967se tIm¨-{K-kv k¿-°m-

cn-s‚ Im-e-Øm-Wv \n-e-hn¬

h-cp-∂-Xv. 1963se ]-Xn-\m-dmw

`-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn-bp-sS-

bpw tZ-io-tbm-Zv-{K-Y-\ Iu¨-

kn¬ \n-tbm-Kn-® tZ-io-tbm-Zv-

{K-Y-\-hpw {]m-tZ-in-I-hm-Z-hpw

kw-_-‘n-® I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS sF-

I-I-Wv-tTy-\-bp-≈ ip-]m¿-i-I-

fp-sS-bpw Np-h-Sp-]n-Sn-®p-sIm-

≠m-Wv Cu \n-b-aw ]m-km-°p-

∂-Xv. A-`n-{]m-b kzm-X-{¥yw,

k-am-[m-\-]-c-am-bpw \n-cm-bp-[-

am-bpw kw-Lw-tN-c¬, A-tkm-

kn-tb-j-\p-I-fpw bq-Wn-b-\p-I-

fpw cq-]o-I-cn-°¬ F-∂o A-

h-Im-i-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ \ym-b-am-

b \n-b-{¥-W-ßƒ, cm-Py-Øn-

s‚ ]-c-am-[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚-bpw

A-¥- n-s‚-bpw Xm-ev-]-cyw

ap≥-\n¿-Øn-bpw \n-b-a-]-c-am-

bpw G¿-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ]m¿-e-

sa‚n-\v A-[n-Im-cw \¬-tI-≠-

Xp-s≠-∂v ]-d-™p-sIm-≠m-

Wv 16-̨ mw ̀ -c-W-L-S-\m-t -̀Z-K-Xn

ssI-s°m-≠-Xv. ]n-∂o-Sv K-h-

s◊‚n¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ G-Im-[n-

]-Xy-]-c-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ßƒ

\n-£n-]v-X-am-°m-\m-bn 1969,

2004, 2008, 2012 F-∂o h¿-j-

ß-fn¬ \m-ep-X-h-W Cu \n-

b-aw t -̀Z-K-Xn sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v

C-Xn-s‚ h-Ip-∏p-Iƒ Iq-Sp-X¬

I¿-°-i-am-°n. 2002¬ _n-sP-

]n K-h-s◊‚ v sIm-≠p-h-∂-

Xpw 2004¬ tIm¨-{K-kv K-h-

s◊‚ v ]n≥-h-en-®-Xp-am-b ò-

I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\w X-S-b¬ \n-b-

a(POTA)Øn-se ]-e h-Ip-∏p-

I-fpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-

≠n-bm-Wv bp-F-]n-F \n-b-a-

Øn¬ t`-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ sIm-≠p-

h-∂-Xv. apw-s_ ò-I-cm-{I-a-W-

Øn -s‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬

2012epw t`-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ h-∂p.

F≥-sF-F, bp-F-]n-F \n-b-

a-ßƒ t]m-se-X-s∂ th-sd-

bpw \n-b-a-ßƒ \n-e-hn-ep-≠v.

B-`y-¥-c kp-c-£m \n-b-aw-

(MISA) 1971¬ ]m-km-°p-I-bpw

1975 ap-X¬ 1977 h-sc \n-e-\n-

∂ A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ-bp-sS \m-

fp-I-fn¬ ]-e-X-h-W t`-Z-K-Xn

sN-øp-I-bpw cm-jv-{So-b hn-tbm-

Pn-∏p-I-sf A-a¿-® sN-øm-\m-

bn e-°p-sI-´ co-Xn-bn¬ D-]-

tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.

1977¬ Cu \n-b-aw ]n≥-h-en-

°-s∏-´p. F-∂m¬, km-bp-[-

tk-\ {]-tXy-Im-[n-Im-c \n-b-

aw 1958, (AFSPA), A-h-iy k¿-

Δo-kv kw-c-£-W \n-b-aw 1968,

(ESMA) F-∂n-h C-t∏m-gpw \n-

e-hn-ep-≠v. 1985 ap-X¬ 1995 h-

sc ̀ o-I-c-hm-Z-hpw hn-L-S-\ {]-

h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw(X-S-b¬) \n-b-

aw(TADA) {]m-_-ey-Øn-ep-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

F-¥p-sIm-≠v C-h

I-cn-\n-b-a-ßƒ F-∂v

hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p

h-©-\, ò-I-c-hm-Zw, hy-h-

ÿn-Xn-s°-Xn-cm-b {]-h¿-Ø-

\w F-∂n-h-bp-sS-sbm-s°-t∏-

cn¬ H-cm-sf \n-b-aw A-\p-im-

kn-°p-∂ am¿-K-Øn-eq-sS-b-√m-

sX X-S-hn¬ ]m¿-∏n-°m≥ K-

h-s◊‚n-\v A-\ym-b-am-b A-

[n-Im-c-ßƒ \¬-Ip-∂-Xpw A-

Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-

hn-cp-≤ kz-̀ m-h-ap-≈-Xp-am-b \n-

b-a-ß-sf-bm-Wv I-cn-\n-b-a-

ßƒ F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.

{_n-́ o-jv cm-⁄n-s°-Xn-sc-

bp-≈ A-cm-P-I-Xz-]-c-hpw hn-

π-h-kz-`m-h-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-am-b

{]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°v X-S-bn-Sm-

s\-∂ t]-cn¬ 1919 am¿-®n¬ C-

¥y-bn-se {_n-́ o-jv K-h-s◊‚ v

ssI-s°m-≠ du-e-‰v B-Iv-Sv

C-Δn-[-Øn-ep-≈ H-cp I-cn-\n-b-

a-am-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xp-{]-Im-cw H-

cm-fp-sS I-cp-X¬ X-S-¶¬ Im-

em-h-[n A-\n-›n-X-am-bn \o-́ m-

\p-≈ A-[n-Im-cw {_n-ó-jv K-

h-s◊‚n-\v e-̀ n-®p. 1915se Un-

^≥-kv Hm-̂ v C-¥y B-Iv-Sv {]-

Im-c-hpw hn-Nm-c-W Iq-Sm-sX H-

cm-sf X-S-¶-en¬ h-bv-°m-\p-≈

A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. kzm-

X-{¥y-t∏m-cm-fn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v hn-

ti-jn-®v hn-π-h-[m-c-bn¬-\n-∂v

{_n-ó-jv `-c-W-Øn-\v ò-j-Wn

D-≠m-b ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-Wv

C-h B-hn-jv-I-cn-°-s∏-́ -Xv. 1919

G-{]n-en¬ \-S-∂ Ip-{]-kn-≤-

am-b Pm-en-b≥-hm-em-_m-Kv Iq-

´-s°m-e a-‰v ]-e {]-Xn-tj-[-

ßƒ-°p-sam-∏w du-e-‰v B-Iv-

Sn-s\-Xn-cm-b {]-Xn-tj-[-sØ-

°q-Sn A-a¿-®-sN-øm≥-th-≠n

\-S-Øn-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. kzm-X-

{¥ym-\-¥-cw C-¥y≥ ap-X-em-

fn-h¿-§-Øn-s‚ Im-cy-ÿ≥-am-

cm-b tIm¨-{K- pw _n-sP-]n-

bp-sam-s° \-bn-® K-h-s◊‚p-

Iƒ ssI-s°m-≠ ta-ev-]-d-

™ I-cn-\n-b-a-ß-sfm-s° ap-

X-em-fn-Ø Nq-j-W-hm-gv-N-bp-

sS Xm-ev-]-cym¿-∞w, du-e-‰v B-

Iv-Sn-s‚ am-Xr-I-bn¬, A-Xn-t\-

°mƒ {Iu-cy-tØm-sS ]-S-®p-

≠m-°n-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

]u-c-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw cm-jv-

{So-b A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw \n-tj-

[n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw \ym-b-am-b P-

\-Io-b k-a-c-ß-sf A-a¿-®

sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-

]-c-am-bn A-an-Xm-[n-Im-c-ßƒ

I-øm-fp-∂-Xn-\v th-≠n-bm-Wv K-

h-s◊‚ v Cu I-cn-\n-b-a-ß-sf-

√mw ]m- m-°n-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv F-

∂ h-kv-Xp-X N-cn-{Xw km-£y-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. ap-X-em-fn-h¿-

§ Xm-ev-]-cy-sØ tk-hn-°p-∂

G-sXm-cp K-h-s◊‚n-s‚-bpw

P-\-hn-cp-≤ \-b-ß-sf-bpw \-S-

]-Sn-I-sf-bpw tNm-Zyw-sN-øm≥

ss[-cy-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc ò-j-Wn-

s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw hn-c-´m-\pw A-h-

cp-sS-ta¬ {]-Xn-Im-c-\-S-]-Sn-

Iƒ ssI-s°m-≈m-\p-ap-≈

lo-\-am¿-§w F-∂-\n-e-bn-em-

Wv Cu I-cn-\n-b-a-ß-fp-sS Hm-

tcm h-Ip-∏pw {]-tbm-Kn-®n-́ p-≈-

Xv, A-Y-hm Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw sN-

bv-Xn-́ p-≈-Xv.

Sm-U, t]m-´ t]m-ep-≈ I-

cn-\n-b-a-ßƒ C-{]-Im-cw G-sd-

°m-ew tIm -̈{K-kv, _n-sP-]n

k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw

sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. H-cmƒ Ip-‰w-sN-

bv-Xp F-∂ kw-i-b-Øn-s‚

t]-cn¬, tI-kv Nm¿-Pv-sN-øm-

sX, 180 Zn-h-kw-h-sc X-S-hn¬

h-bv-°m-\pw G-I-]-£o-b-hpw

{l-kz-hp-am-b hn-Nm-c-W-bv-°v

hn-t[-b-am-°m-\pw t]m-´ \n-b-

a-{]-Im-cw I-gn-bpw. sk-]v-Xw-

_¿ 11s‚ B-{I-a-W-Øn-\v ti-

jw A-ta-cn-° ssI-s°m-≠

"]m-{Sn-b-´v' F-∂ I-cn-\n-b-a-

tØ-°mƒ ]-e-Im-cy-ß-fn-epw

C-Xv Iq-Sp-X¬ I¿-°-i-am-Wv.

tI-kv A-t\z-jn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw

ò-I-c-s\-∂v kw-i-bw tXm-∂p-

∂ G-sXm-cm-sf-bpw Ip-‰w-Np-

a -Øn \n -b-a -Ø-\p-ap -∂n¬

sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\pw A-\n-b-

{¥n-X-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ß-fm-Wv

ta-ev-]-d-™ \n-b-aw A-t\z-j-

W G-P≥-kn-Iƒ-°v \¬-Ip-

∂-Xv. Cu \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw c-Pn-

kv-‰¿ sN-bv-X 4000 tI-kp-I-

fn¬ aq-∂n¬ c-≠n-epw {]-Xn-

Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc {]-Y-a-Zr-jv-Sym H-

cp sX-fn-hpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√

F-∂ h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv t]m-´

\n-b-aw ]p-\-]-cn-tim-[n-°m≥

\n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´ k-an-Xn I-

s≠-Øn-b-Xv. Sm-U \n-b-a-{]-

Im-cw A-d-Ãp-sN-ø-s∏-́ -h-cn¬

`q-cn-`m-K-hpw kv-{Xo-I-fpw Ip-ń-

I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂n-́ pw ̀ o-I-

c-hn-cp-≤ h-Ip-∏p-I-fm-Wv A-h-

cp-sS-ta¬ Np-a-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

P-\-ß-sf I-≈-t°-kn¬ Ip-

Sp-°m≥ Cu \n-b-aw F-{X-

tØm-fw Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw sN-ø-

s∏-́ p F-∂v hy-‡-am-°p-∂ Im-

cy-ß-fm-Wn-sX-√mw. Sm-U \n-

b-aw Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw sN-øm-\p-

≈ ]-gp-Xp-Iƒ \n-b-a-Øn¬-

Ø-s∂ Dƒ-s°m-≈n-®n-´p-≠v.

kzm-`m-hn-I \n-b-a-Øn-\pw A-

Xn-s‚ {]-{In-b-bv-°pw ]-I-cw-

h-bv-°-s∏-Sp-∂-tXm-sS P-\m-[n-

]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-ß-sf-

Ø-s∂ A-Xv Im¿-∂vXn-∂p-

∂p. 1985\pw 95\pw C-S-bv-°v \-

S-∂ Zp-cp-]-tbm-K-ßƒ I-f-hp-

Iƒ-sIm-≠v aq-Sn-h-bv-°-s∏-´p

F-∂v dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-ø-s∏-ń-´p-

≠v. 1994 Pq¨ 30\-Iw 67000

A-d-Ãp-Iƒ Cu \n-b-a-{]-Im-

cw \-S-∂p F-∂v Hu-tZym-Kn-I-

am-bn ]-d-bp-tºmƒ b-Ym¿-∞

I-W-°v 76000\pw ta-se-bm-Wv.

Ip-‰-ß-sfm-∂pw Np-a-Øm-\m-Im-

sX 25 i-X-am-\w tI-kp-Iƒ

t]m-eo-kv-X-s∂ D-t]-£n-®n-´p-

≠v. 35 i-X-am-\w tI-kp-Iƒ

am-{X-am-Wv hn-Nm-c-W-bv-°v h-

∂-Xv. A-Xn¬ 95 i-X-am-\-hpw

sh-dp-sX hn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

sh-dpw 2 i-X-am-\w t]-sc am-

{X-am-Wv in-£n-®n -´p -≈-Xv.

67000 t]-sc A-d-Ãv sN-bv-X-

Xn¬ 60000 t]-cpw \n-c-]-cm-[n-

I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v tI-{μ B-

`y-¥-c k-l-a-{¥n-bpw tIm¨-

{K-kv t\-Xm-hp-am-bn-cp-∂ cm-

tP-jv ss]-e-‰v 1994 B-K-Ãv

24\v ]m¿-e-sa‚n¬ k-Ω-Xn-®n-

´p-≠v. 8000 tI-kp-Iƒ hn-Nm-c-

W-bv-°v h-∂-Xn¬ 725 t]-sc-

bm-Wv Ip-‰-°m-cm-bn I-s≠-

Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv.

^m-kn-Ãv kz-`m-h-Øn-s‚

Im-cy-Øn¬, F≥-sF-F,

bp-F-]n-F t`-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ

ap≥-Im-e I-cn-\n-b-a-ß-sf-

F-√mw I-S-Øn-sh-´p-∂p

km-[m-c-W-°m¿-°p-ta¬

ò-I-c-hm-gv-N A-Sn-t®-ev-]n-°m-

\pw cm-jv-{So-b {]-Xn-tbm-Kn-I-

sf-bpw bp-‡n-hm-Zn-I-sf-bpw a-

\p-jym-h-Im-i {]-h¿-Ø-I-sc-

bp-sam-s° th-´-bm-Sm-\pw \n¿-

e-÷w \n-b-a-hm-gv-N-sb N-hp-

ń-sa-Xn-°p-I-bm-Wv ̀ -c-W-h¿-§-

Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw hn-iz-kv-X Im-

cy-ÿ≥-am-cm-b _n-sP-]n-bp-

sS `-c-Ww F-∂-Xn-\v hn-i-Zo-

I-c-W-am-h-iy-an-√. A-tXm-sSm-

∏w a-X-\yq-\-]-£-ß-sf-bpw-a-

‰pw C-c-I-fm-°m-\pw sIm-e-s∏-

Sp-Øm-\p-sam-s° Cu am¿-Kw

A-h-ew-_n-°p-∂p. ]u-cm-h-Im-

i-ß-sf-bpw cm-jv-{So-bm-h-Im-i-

ß-sf-bpw kw-_-‘n-® A-¥m-

cm -jv - {S I¨-sh≥-j-\n¬

(ICCPR) C-¥y-bpw ]-¶m-fn-bm-

Wv. C-Xp-{]-Im-cw G-sXm-cm-sf-

bpw \n-c-]-cm-[n F-∂-\n-e-bn¬-

th-Ww k-ao-]n-°m≥ F-∂-Xv

A-¥¿-t±-io-b-am-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-

°-s∏-´ a-\p-jym-h-Im-i X-Xz-

am-Wv. H-cm-fn¬ Ip-‰w B-tcm-

]n-®m¬ B-tcm-]n-°p-∂-bm-fm-

G-Im-[n-]-Xy-]-c-am-b bp-F-]n-F, F≥-sF-F

t -̀Z-K-Xn-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc H-‰-s°-́ m-bn \n-e-sIm-≈p-I

ò-I-c-hm-Z-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp-≈ I-Sp-Ø \-S-]-Sn-sb-∂ ]-Xn-hv]-√-hn-bp-am-bn _n-sP-]n K-h-s◊‚ v I-gn-™ am-kw tZ-io-b

A-t\z-j-W G-P≥-kn(NIA) t`-Z-K-Xn _n¬ 2019 ]m¿-e-sa‚n-s‚ C-cp-k-`-I-fn-epw ]m-km-°n-sb-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. I-jv-Sn-®v H-

cm-gv-N I-gn-™-t∏mƒ ̀ o-I-c-hm-Z-sØ I¿-°-i-am-bn X-S-bm-s\-∂ Im-cyw-X-s∂ ]-d-™p-sIm-≠v \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤ {]-h¿-Ø-

\w(UAPA) X-S-b¬ t -̀Z-K-Xn _n¬ 2019Dw ]m¿-e-sa‚n-se ar-Ko-b `q-cn-]-£w D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn ]m-km-°n-sb-Sp-Øp.

(tijw 7˛mw t]Pn¬)

6 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

Wv sX-fn-bn-t°-≠-Xv F-∂¿-

∞w. F-∂m¬ bp-F-]n-F \n-

b-aw C-Xn-\v hn-]-co-X-am-b \n-

e-]m-Sm-Wv F-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. H-cm-

fn¬-\n-∂v B-bp-[w I-s≠-Øn-

b-Xm-tbm H-cp ò-I-cm-{I-a-W-

hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ h-kv-Xp-°-

fn¬ B-cp-sS-sb-¶n-epw hn-c-e-

S-bm-fw I-s≠-Øn-b-Xm-tbm

sX-fn-bn-°m≥ K-h-s◊‚n-\v I-

gn-™m¬, Ip-‰w sN-bv-Xn-́ n-s√-

∂v sX-fn-bn-t°-≠ _m-≤y-X

A-bm-fp-sS Np-a-en-em-Ipw. C-Xv

A-Sn-ÿm-\ [m-c-W-Iƒ-°v \n-

c-°p-∂-X-s√-∂v -am-{X-a-√ Ir-{Xn-

a-am-bn sX-fn-hp-I-fp-≠m-°m≥

t{]-c-W-bm-Ip-I-bpw sN-øpw.

A-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂ Ip-‰w

Np-a-Øp-∂-Xn¬ sh-≈w-tN¿-

Øpw hn-Nm-c-W {]-l-k-\-am-

°n-bpw _n-sP-]n K-h-s◊‚ v

kz-¥-°m-cm-b Ip-‰-hm-fn-I-sf

kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xpw {]-Xn-tbm-

Kn-I-sf tI-kn¬ Ip-Sp-°p-∂-

Xn-\v A-t\z-j-W G-P≥-kn-I-

sf D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-

sam-s° F-√m-h¿-°p-a-dn-bm-hp-

∂ Im-cy-am-Wv. ssl-Z-cm-_m-

Zv ]-≈n-bn-se-bpw kw-tQm-X

F-Iv-kv-{]-kn-se-bpw am-se-Km-

hn-se-bpw kv-t^m-S-\-t°-kp-I-

fn-se {]-Xn-I-sf sh-dp-sX hn-

´-Xv C-Xn-\v \-√ D-Zm-l-c-W-am-

Wv. ti-J-cn-® sX-fn-hp-Iƒ-

t]m-epw lm-P-cm-°m-sX a-\∏q-

¿-Δw tI-kv Zp¿-_-e-am-°n-b-Xn-

\v A-t\z-j-Ww \-S-Øn-b F≥-

sF-F, P-Uv-Pn-bp-sS i-Im-c-

Øn-\v C-c-bm-Ip-I t]m-ep-ap-

≠m-bn. ò-I-c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-hpw

A-{I-a-hpw \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤ {]-h¿-

Ø-\-ß-fp-sam-s° X-S-bp-∂-

Xn¬ _n-sP-]n-°v F-{X-tØm-

fw Xm-ev-]-cy-ap-s≠-∂v C-Xv hy-

‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.

bp-F-]n-F-bn-se ]p-Xn-b h-

Ip-∏p-Iƒ {]-Im-cw H-cp tIm-S-

Xn Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-sW-∂v I-s≠-

Øp-∂--Xn-\p-ap-ºp-X-s∂ H-cp

hy-‡n-sb G-I-]-£o-b-am-bpw

X-∂n-jv-S-{]-Im-c-hpw "ò-I-c-hm-

Zn-'bm-°m≥ K-h-s◊‚n-\v I-gn-

bp-sa-∂ ÿn-Xn-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.

C-Xv kzm-̀ m-hn-I \o-Xn-bp-sS \-

·-am-b ew-L-\-am-Wv. A-̀ n-{]m-

b kzm-X-{¥yw au-en-Im-h-Im-

i-am-bn ̀ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS 19-̨ mw

A-\p-t—-Zw {]-Jym-]n-®n-cn-s°-

bm-Wv H-cp A-`n-{]m-bw h-®p-

]p-e¿-Øp-∂-Xn-s‚ t]-cn¬, H-

cp B-i-bw ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂-Xn-s‚

t]-cn¬ cm-jv-{So-b {]-Xn-tbm-Kn-

I-sf h-e-bn¬ Ip-Sp-°m≥ A-

t\z-j-W G-P≥-kn-Iƒ-°v

Cu I-cn-\n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS I-gn-

bp-∂-Xv. bp-h-a-\- p-I-fn¬ ò-

I-c-X-bp-sS hn-Øp-]m-Ip-∂-

tXm tcm-j-ap-W¿-Øp-∂-tXm

B-b km-ln-Xyw hn-X-c-Ww

sN-øp-∂-h-sc-bpw A-Ø-cw {]-

Nm-c-Ww \-S-Øp-∂-h-sc-bpw-Iq-

Sn ò-I-c-cm-bn I-W-°m-°p-sa-

∂v \n-b-aw -t`-Z-K-Xn- sN-bv-X-

t∏mƒ K-h-s◊‚ v hy-‡-am-

°n-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xm-b-Xv, K-h-

s◊‚n-\v tXm-∂p-∂-h-sc ̀ o-I-

c-\m-°mw F-∂¿-∞w. B-Zyw

bp-F-]n-F \n-b-aw sIm-≠p-h-

∂ tIm¨-{K-k,v _n-sP-]n-bp-

sS Cu t`-Z-K-Xn-sb ]n-¥p-W-

bv-°p-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv. hn-h-

cm-h-Im-i \n-b-aw ^-e-Øn¬

{]-h¿-Ø-\-c-ln-X-am-°n-b-Xn-\v

ti-j-am-Wv Cu t`-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ

sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv. P-\-ßƒ K-

h-s◊‚n¬-\n-∂v hn-h-c-ßƒ

B-cm-bp-∂-Xn-s‚ H-gp-°v ]q¿-

W-am-bpw X-S-™n-s√-¶n-epw

\n-b-{¥n-°p-I-sb-¶n-epw sN-øp-

I F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p D-t±-iw.

bp-F-]n-F t`-Z-K-Xn-aq-ew G-

sX-¶n-epw A-d-Ãn-s\ kw-_-

‘n-®v F-s¥-¶n-epw hn-h-cw H-

cmƒ-°pw A-dn-bm≥ km-≤y-a-

√ F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv ÿn-Xn. ]u-

cm-h-Im-i-ß-sf-bpw A-h-ti-

jn-°p-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy aq-ey-ß-

sf-bp-am-sI a-c-hn-∏n-°p-∂ -̂

e-am-Wv C-Δn-[w A-[n-Im-c-ß-

sf-√mw K-h-s◊‚n¬ tI-{μo-I-

cn-°p-∂-Xp-h-gn D-≠m-hp-I.

F-ß-s\-bm-Wv I-cn-\n-b-a-

ßƒ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚

A-¥-I-cm-Ip-∂-Xv

ap-X-em-fn h¿-K-Øn-s‚ B-

hn-¿-`m-h-Im-e-Øv, a-’-cm-[n-

jvTn-X-am-b ap-X-em-fn-Ø k-º-

Zv-L-S-\-bp-sS cm-jv-{So-b D-]-cn-

L-S-\-sb-∂-\n-e-bn¬, ]m¿-e-

sa‚-dn P-\m-[n-]-Xyw B-hn-jv-

I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw A-Xn-s‚

kp-K-a-am-b {]-h¿-Ø-\w D-d-∏m-

°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn \n-c-h-[n \n-b-

a-ß-fpw X-Xz-ß-fpw Io-gv-h-g-°-

ß-fp-sam-s° ssI-s°m-≈p-I-

bp-ap-≠m-bn F-∂-Im-cyw C-hn-

sS ]-cm-a¿-in-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. C-

h-bn¬ Nn-e-sXm-s° \n-b-a-

ßƒ F-∂-\n-e-bn¬ \n-b-a-]p-

kv-X-I-Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-

tbm `-c-W-X-Xz-ßƒ F-∂-\n-

e-bn¬ ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-I-tbm sN-

bv-Xp. ""\n-b-a-Øn-s‚ Zr-jv-Sn-

bn¬ F-√m-h-cpw Xp-ey-cm-Wv'',

""G-sXm-cp ]u-c-\pw kz-X-{¥-

\m-bn-cn-°m-\pw A-̀ n-{]m-bw ]-

d-bm-\p-ap-≈ A-\n-tj-[y-am-b

A-h-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw'',

""sX-fn-hn-√m-Ø-Xn-s‚ t]-cn¬

A-t\-Iw Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ in-£n-

°-s∏-Sm-sX t]m-bm-epw H-cp \n-

c-]-cm-[n-t]m-epw in-£n-°-s∏-

S-cp-Xv'', ""H-cmƒ a-s‰m-cm-fp-sS-

ta¬ Ip-‰-am-tcm-]n-®m¬ A-Xv

sX-fn-bn-°m-\p-≈ _m-≤y-X

B-tcm-]n-°p-∂ Bƒ-°m-bn-cn-

°pw'', ""sN-bv-X-Ip-‰w A-\n-tj-

[y-am-b sX-fn-hp-I-fp-sS A-Sn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ kw-i-bm-Xo-X-am-

bn sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬

B-sc-bpw in-£n-°m-\m-In-√''

C-ß-s\ t]m-Ip-∂p A-h. ]-c-

am-[n-Im-c k-`-bm-b ]m¿-e-

sa‚ v P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-am-bn

sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xpw \n-b-

a-\n¿-am-Wm-[n-Im-c-ap-≈-Xpw

B-bn-cn-°pw. A-Xn-s‚ ]-c-am-

[n-Im-cw P-\-ß-fp-sS ]-c-am-[n-

Im-c-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-

∂p. ap-X-em-fn-h¿-K-am-bn-cp-∂p

A-∂v P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ ]-

Xm-I-hm-l-I¿. \n-b-a-\n¿-am-

W k-`-bn¬ `q-cn-]-£-ap-≈

]m¿-́ n K-h-s◊‚ v cq-]o-I-cn-°p-

∂-tXm-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚

aq-∂v Xq-Wp-I-fn¬ c-s≠-Æ-am-

b \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W, `-c-W-\n¿-

Δ-l-W kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ X-

Ωn¬ Xm-Zm-flyw {]m-]n-°m-\p-

≈ F-√m km-≤y-X-bp-ap-s≠-

∂v _q¿-jzm-P-\m-[n-]-Xy X-Xz-

ßƒ-°v cq-]w-sIm-Sp-Ø-h¿ `-

b-∂n-cp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm-≠-h¿

sh-tΔ-sd A-[n-Im-c-ß-fpw D-

Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-fpw \n¿-Δ-Nn-°p-

I-bpw A-h hy-‡-am-bn th¿-

Xn-cn-®v Im-Wn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-

Xp. A-tXm-sSm-∏w G-sX-¶n-ep-

sam-∂n¬ A-[n-Im-cw tI-{μo-

I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m-\pw H-∂n-

s‚ A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬ a-s‰m-

∂v ssI-I-S-Øm-Xn-cn-°m-\p-am-

bn \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-Ww, `-c-W-

\n¿-Δ-l-Ww, \o-Xn-\ym-bw F-

∂o aq-∂v Xq-Wp-Iƒ-°p-an-S-

bn¬ k-¥p-en-Xm-h-ÿ \n-e-

\n¿-Øm-\p-≈ kw-hn-[m-\-hpw

A-h¿ B-hn-jv-I-cn-®p. H-cm-fp-

sS kzm-X-{¥y-Øn¬ a-s‰m-cmƒ

C-S-s]-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, H-cp

\o-Xn-\ym-b tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ X-

s‚ {]-hr-Øn \n-b-a-]-c-am-sW-

∂v ÿm-]n-°m≥ A-bmƒ-°v

_m-≤y-X-bp-s≠-∂pw A-∂v \o-

Xn-\ym-b kw-ln-X D-Zv-tLm-jn-

®n-cp-∂p. A-Xm-b-Xv, ]u-c-s‚

kzm-X-{¥y-Øn¬ G-I-]-£o-

b-am-bn `-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w C-

S-s]-Sp-∂-Xn¬-\n-∂v kw-c-£-

Ww \¬-Im-\p-≈ {]-tXy-I D-

Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzw \o-Xn-\ym-b kw-

hn-[m-\-Øn¬ \n-£n-]v-X-am-bn-

cp-∂p F-∂¿-∞w.

A-ß-s\, B L-´-Øn¬

N-cn-{X-]-c-am-bn km-[y-am-bn-cp-

∂ ]-cn-[n-h-sc ap-X-em-fn-h¿-§-

Øn-\v kzm-X-{¥yw, k-a-Xzw,

km-tlm-Z-cyw F-∂ A-Xn-s‚

ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-

°m≥ I-gn-™p. `-c-W-Iq-Sw

\n-b-a-hm-gv-N D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-

∂ Im-e-tØm-f-ta A-[n-Im-c-

Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-h-cp-sS X-∂n-jv-

S-{]-Im-c-ap-≈ sN-bv-Xn-I-fn¬-\n-

∂v `-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿-°v a-Xn-

bm-b kw-c-£-W-ap-≠m-Iq F-

∂v ap-X-em-fn-Ø cm-jv-{So-b hn-

im-c-Z-∑m¿ A-∂v ]-d-™n-cp-

∂p. s]m-Xp-P-\-ßƒ-°v hn-a¿-

i-\-ap-∂-bn-°m-\pw tNm-Zyw-sN-

øm-\p-ap-≈ A-\p-a-Xn-bn-√m-sX

\n-b-a-ßƒ D-≠m-°p-I-bpw C-

√m-Xm-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-tºm-gm-

Wv G-Im-[n-]-Xy-hpw tkz-—m-

[n-]-Xy-hp-sam-s° D-≠m-Ip-∂-

Xv. kzm-X-{¥y-k-¶-ev-]-Øn-s‚

A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t\m-°n-bm-

epw, H-cp K-h-s◊‚ v \n-e-sIm-

≈p-∂-Xv [m¿-an-I-am-b I-S-a-I-

fp-sS A-Sn-Ø-d-bn-em-Wv F-∂-

Im-cyw ]-cn-K-Wn-®m-epw A-Xn-

s‚ sN-bv-Xn-Iƒ i-cn-bm-Ip-∂-

Xv A-Xv F-{X-tØm-fw P-\-ß-

fp-sS A-Sn-ÿm-\ A-h-Im-i-

ßƒ kw-c-£n-°p-∂p-≠v F-∂-

Xn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-

°pw. cm-jv-{So-bm-[n-Im-cw ssI-

øm-fp-∂-h-tcm-Sp-≈ P-\-ß-fp-sS

hn-t[-b-Xzw ]-c-a-a-s√-∂pw A-

Xv A-Sn-ÿm-\ A-h-Im-i-ßƒ

Aw-Ko-I-cn-®p-X-cp-∂-Xn-s\-°q-

Sn B-{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw

A-h¿ Xp-S¿-∂v ]-d-bp-∂p.

F-∂m¬ Im-ew ap-t∂m-´p-

t]m-b-t∏mƒ ap-X-em-fn-Øw Ip-

Ø-I-kz-̀ m-h-am¿-÷n-°p-I-bpw

H-Sp-hn¬ km-{am-Py-Xz L-́ -Øn-

se-Øp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. Cu

A-Xyp-∂-X-L-´w A-Xn-s‚ A-

]-N-b-Øn-s‚-bpw ]n-¥n-cn-∏≥

kz-`m-h-Øn-s‚-bpw L-´-sØ-

bm-Wv A-S-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.

{]-Xn-k-‘n-bpw Po¿-Æ-X-bpw

\n-d-™ ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-\v,

A-≤zm-\n-®v Po-hn-°p-∂ P-\-

ßƒ-°v C-\n-sbm-∂pw \¬-Im-

\n-√. A-Xn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-b kw-

hn-[m-\-am-b ]m¿-e-sa‚-dn P-

\m-[n-]-Xyw-X-s∂ A-gn-a-Xn-bpw

A-[m¿-an-I-X-bpw-aq-ew No-™p-

\m-dp-I-bm-Wv. ap-X-em-fn-Ø-hy-

h-ÿ Iq-Sp-X¬ {]-Xn-k-‘n-bn-

em-Ipw-tXm-dpw ap-X-em-fn-h¿-Kw

a-c-Wm-k-∂-hpw Po¿-W-hp-am-b

A-Xn-s‚ h¿-K-`-c-Ww Zo¿-Ln-

∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn `-c-W-Iq-S-

Øn-s‚ ssI-I-fn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬

A-[n-Im-c-ßƒ tI-{μo-I-cn-°m-

\pw {I-ta-W ̂ m-kn-k-Øn-te-

°v \o-ßm-\pw {i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-∂p. kz-¥w kr-jv-Sn-bm-

b Cu {]-Xn-k-‘n H-gn-hm-°m-

\m-Im-Ø-Xm-b-Xn-\m¬, Po¿-

W-hpw a-c-Wm-k-∂-hp-am-b ap-

X-em-fn-Ø-hy-h-ÿ \mƒ sN-

√pw-tXm-dpw ]m¿-e-sa‚-dn P-\m-

[n-]-Xy-sØ \-in-∏n-°m-\pw P-

\m-[n-]-Xy aq-ey-ß-fpw X-Xz-ß-

fpw Nn-´-bm-bn I-h¿-s∂-Sp-°m-

\pw A-\o-Xn A-c-°n-́ p-d-∏n-°m-

\pw Nq-jn-X-P-\-X-bv-°p-ta-ep-

≈ A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-en-s‚ Ip-cp-

°v ap-dp-°m≥ ]p-Xn-b X-{¥-

ßƒ sa-\-™p-sIm-≠v ^m-

kn-Ãv Zw-jv-{S-Iƒ ]p-d-Øp-Im-

´m-\pw {i-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.

H-Sp-ßm-Ø Zp-cn-X-ßƒ-aq-ew P-

\-ßƒ {]-Xn-tj-[n-°p-I-bpw

k-a-c-]m-X kzo-I-cn-°p-bpw sN-

øp-tºmƒ A-Xn-s\ A-Sn-®-a¿-

Øn-s°m-≠v A-tß-b-‰w A-gn-

a-Xn \n-d-™-Xpw Im-e-l-c-W-

s∏-´-Xp-am-b ap-X-em-fn-Ø hm-

gv-N Xp-S¿-∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im-

\p-≈ A-h-km-\ {i-a-sa-∂-\n-

e-bn¬ ap-X-em-fn-Ø km-{am-Py-

Xz i-‡n-Iƒ ̂ m-kn-k-Øn¬

A-`-bw {]m-]n-°p-∂p. G-sXm-

cp ap-X-em-fn-Ø cm-Py-sØ-bpw

kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw G-sd-

°p-sd C-Xm-Wv bm-Ym¿-∞yw.

H-s∂m-∂m-bn I-cn-\n-b-a-ßƒ

]-S-®p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn-s\ Cu N-

cn-{X ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬-th-Ww

\-Ωƒ a-\- n-em-°m≥.

I-cn-\n-b-a-ßƒ d-±v

sN-øn-°m≥ i-‡-hpw

{]-_p-≤-hp-am-b k-a-cw

h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I

bp-F-]n-F, F≥-sF-F t`-

Z-K-Xn-Iƒ t]m-ep-≈ I-cn-\n-b-

a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v hn-e-]n-®n-´p-am-

{Xw Im-cy-an-√. tIm-S-Xn-I-sf

k-ao-]n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠pw Cu

X-I¿-® H-gn-hm-°m-\m-In-√. C-

Ø-cw ^m-kn-Ãv Kq-Vm-te-m-N-

\-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc tbm-Pn-®-Xpw

kw-L-Sn-X-hpw {]-_p-≤-hp-am-b

P-\-Io-b sN-dp-Øp-\n¬-]v h-

f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv th-

≠-Xv. km-aq-ly ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-

sS {]-bm-W-Øn¬ ]m¿-e-a‚-

dn P-\m-[n-]-Xyw A-¥n-a-hm-°-

√ F-∂ k-Xyw Xn-cn-®-dn-tb-

≠ k-μ¿-`-am-Wn-Xv.- A-Xv H-

cp N-cn-{X-L-´w am-{X-am-Wv.

B L-´-Øn-s‚ {]-k-‡n

\-jv-S-s∏-´p-I-gn-™m¬ A-Xn-

s\-°p-dn-®v hn-e-]n-®n-́ v Im-cy-an-

√. A-Xm-Wv hn-th-I-]q¿-Δ-am-

b \n-e-]m-Sv. am-\-h-cm-in-sb

Nq-j-W-Øn-s‚ \p-I-Øn¬-\n-

∂v tam-Nn-∏n-°m-\p-≈ t]m-cm-

-́Øn¬ ap-t∂-dp-∂-Xn-eq-sS F-

√m cm-jv-{So-b Po¿-W-X-I-fpw

Xp-S-®p-\o-°p-I F-∂ am¿-K-am-

Wv i-cn-sb-∂v \-Ωp-sS [n-j-

W \-sΩ Hm¿-a-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

N-cn-{X-Øn-s‚ B \n-tbm-Kw

\n-d-th-‰p-∂-Xn-\v A-\p-]q-c-I-am-

bn-́ p-th-Ww I-cn-\n-b-a-ßƒ A-

∏m-sS d-±v sN-øn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈

h-º≥ P-\-Io-b {]-t£m-̀ -hpw

hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m≥.

]u-c-kzm-X-{¥y-hpw cm-jv-{So-b A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw\n-tj-[n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw \ym-b-am-b P-\-Io-b k-a-c-

ß-sf A-a¿-® sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pw A-an-Xm-[n-Im-c-ßƒ I-øm-fp-∂-Xn-\v th-≠n-bm-Wv K-h-s◊‚ v Cu

I-cn-\n-b-a-ß-sf-√mw ]m- m-°n-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv F-∂v-N-cn-{Xw km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ap-X-em-fn-h¿-§sØ

tk-hn-°p-∂ G-sXm-cp K-h-s◊‚n-s‚-bpw P-\-hn-cp-≤ \-b-ß-sf- tNm-Zyw-sN-øm≥ ss[-cy-s∏-Sp-∂-

h-cp-sS-ta¬ {]-Xn-Im-c-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ ssI-s°m-≈m-\p-ap-≈ lo-\-am¿-§w F-∂-\n-e-bn-em-Wv ChbpsS

Hm-tcm h-Ip-∏pw {]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.


sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 7

8 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

ssP-h-]-Zm¿-∞w A-ssP-h-

]-Zm¿-∞-Øn¬-\n-∂pw

cq-]w-sIm-≠p

am-‰-hpw hn-Im-k-hp-am-bn

_-‘-s∏-́ v, a-s‰m-cp {]-[m-\ hn-

j-b-Øn-epw N¿-® B-h-iy-ap-

≠v. \-ap-°-dn-bmw, ]-Zm¿-∞-

tem-Iw a-\p-jy-s‚ t_m-[-

Øn¬-\n-∂pw kz-X-{¥-am-bm-

Wv \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. a-\p-

jy≥ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xp sIm-

≠v tem-Iw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p

F-∂-X-√ k-Xyw. im-kv-{X-

Øn¬-\n-∂pw N-cn-{X-Øn¬-\n-

∂pw \mw ]Tn-®n-´p-≈-Xv, a-\p-

jy≥ ̀ q-an-bn¬ B-hn¿-̀ -hn-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp-X-s∂ ]-Zm¿-∞-

tem-Iw \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂p F-∂-

Xm-Wv. ]-Zm¿-∞-tem-I-Øn-se

F-√m-Øn-\pw hn-Im-k-Øn-s‚

H-cp N-cn-{X-ap-≠v. ssP-h-tem-

I-Øn-\pw hn-Im-k-Øn-s‚ h-

f-sc \o-≠ H-cp N-cn-{X-ap-≠v.

C-Xv im-kv-{X-hpw N-cn-{X-hpw

Aw-Ko-I-cn-® H-cp h-kv-Xp-X-bm-

Wv. a-\p-jy-s‚ h-c-hn-\p-ap-tº-

X-s∂ Po-h≥ D-Zv-`-hn-®n-cp-∂p,

A-kw-Jyw Po-h-Pm-Xn-I-fp-sS

]-cn-Wm-a-]-c-am-b am-‰-hpw kw-

`-hn-®n-cp-∂p. A-Xn-\pw-ap-ºp-X-

s∂, A-ssP-h-]-Zm¿-∞-Øn¬-

\n-∂pw ssP-h-]-Zm¿-∞w cq-]w-

sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]-Zm¿-∞-tem-I-

Øv A-S-®p-]q-ń-b c-≠v hy-Xy-

kv-X A-d-I-f-√ A-ssP-h-tem-

I-hpw ssP-h-tem-I-hpw F-∂-

Xv C-∂v kw-i-b-c-ln-X-am-bn

sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-́ n-́ p-≠v. A-Xm-b-

Xv, ]-c-kv-]-c-_-‘-an-√m-Ø hy-

Xy-kv-X tem-I-ß-f-√ A-h.

im-kv-{X-hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v A-

dn-bmw, A-ssP-h-kw-bp-‡-ß-

fn¬-\n-∂m-Wv ssP-h-kw-bp-‡-

ßƒ cq-]w-sIm-≠n-´p-≈-Xv. F-

√m Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fpw {]-[m-\-am-

bpw ssP-h-kw-bp-‡-ßƒ-

sIm-≠m-Wv \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-ń-´p-

≈-Xpw. ]-≠v ]-e-cpw hn-iz-kn-

®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, A-\m-Zn-Im-

ew-ap-X¬-t° ssP-h-˛-A-ssP-

h ]-Zm¿-∞-ßƒ sXm-´p-tN¿-

∂v \n-e-\n¬-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p

F-∂-Xv hm-kv-X-h-a-√. H-cp Iq-

´w im-kv-{X-⁄¿ H-cn-°¬ hn-

iz-kn-®n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se ]-co-

£-W-im-e-bn¬ ssP-h-kw-bp-

‡-ßƒ X-øm-dm-°m≥ km-[n-

°p-I-bn-√ F-∂-Xpw, h-f-sc ap-

tº-X-s∂ sX-‰m-sW-∂v sX-fn-

bn-°-s∏-́ p-I-gn-™p. {]-tXy-In-

®pw, ]-co-£-W-im-e-bn¬-h-®v

bq-dn-b \n¿-Ωn-®-Xp-X-s∂ kw-

i-b-Øn-\p-≈ hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ

sIm-ń-b-S-®n-cp-∂p. A-ssP-h-

kw-bp-‡-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw ssP-

h-kw-bp-‡-ßƒ \n¿-Ωn-°m-

sa-∂-Xv C-∂v sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-´

h-kv-Xp-X-bm-sW-∂p-am-{X-a-√,

A-Ø-cw A-\-h-[n ssP-h-kw-

bp-‡-ßƒ A-ssP-h-kw-bp-

‡-ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw D-Xv-]m-Zn-∏n-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Po-h-

s‚ D-Zv-̀ -h-sØ-bpw A-s√-¶n¬,

Po-h-s‚-bpw Po-h-cq-]-ß-fp-sS

hn-hn-[ L-S-I-ß-fp-sS-bpw B-

hn¿-̀ m-h-sØ-bpw, ̀ q-an-bn¬ {]-

Xy-£-s∏-´ B-Zy-Po-hn-sb-bpw-

Ip-dn-®p-≈ tNm-Zy-Øn-\v D-Ø-

cw I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn¬ C-∂v h-

f-sc-b-[n-Iw ]p-tcm-K-Xn ssI-

h-cn-®p F-∂v kw-i-b-an-√m-sX

]-d-bmw. ]-t£, im-kv-{X-Øn-

\v A-\m-h-c-Ww sN-tø-≠-Xv

C-\n-bpw h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw D-≠v.

F-\n-°v t_m-[y-ap-≠v, D-Zm-l-

c-W-Øn-\v, ssh-d-kn-s\-°p-dn-

®v C-\n-bpw G-sd A-dn-tb-≠-

Xm-bn-´p-≠v. ]-t£ H-cp kw-K-

Xn A-dn-bmw. ssh-d-kv Po-h-

\p-≈ ]-Zm¿-∞-am-bpw Po-h-\n-

√m-Ø ]-Zm¿-∞-am-bpw \n-e-

\n¬-°p-∂p. H-cp Po-hn-bp-sS i-

co-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬ B-bn-cn-°p-

tºmƒ A-Xv Po-h-\p-≈ H-∂n-

s\-t∏m-se X-s∂ {]-h¿-Øn-

°p-∂p. a-‰v ]-cn-X-ÿn-Xn-I-

fn¬, D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v H-cp Ip-

∏n-°p-≈n¬ kq-£n-°p-tºm-

fm-I-s´ Po-h-\p-≈ H-∂n-s\-

t]m-se ssh-d-kv s]-cp-am-dp-I-

tb-bn-√. a-t‰-sXm-cp cm-k-]-

Zm¿-∞-hpw-t]m-se, \n-t›-jv-S-

am-b ]-Zm¿-∞w-t]m-se am-{X-

am-Ipw A-t∏mƒ A-Xv. ssh-d-

kn-s\-°p-dn-®v Iq-Sp-X¬ Ir-Xy-

am-bn A-dn-bp-∂-tXm-sS Po-h-

s‚ D-Zv-`-h-sØ-∏-‰n-Ø-s∂ Iq-

Sp-X¬ hn-h-cw t\-Sm≥ km-[n-

°p-sa-∂m-Wv im-kv-{X-⁄¿

{]-Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.

Um¿-hn≥ -˛- B-[p-\n-I

Po-h-im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚

A-{K-Km-an

ssP-h-tem-I-Øn-s‚ hn-Im-

k-Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-Øn¬, B-Zy-

Nn-¥-I-sfm-s°-bpw ]p-cm-W-

ß-fn-se B-Jym-\-ßƒ t]m-

se Xn-I-®pw km-¶¬-∏n-I-am-bn-

cp -∂p. A-∂-sØ k-aq -l-

Øn¬ \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂ Cu B-

i-b-ßƒ Iq-Sp-X-epw a-X-]-c-am-

b Nn-¥-bn-epw hn-ip-≤-]p-kv-X-

I-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw D-cp-Øn-cn-

™-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p. C-Ø-cw Nn-

¥-I-fp-sS A-Sn-th-cn¬ B-Zyw

sh-ń-b-Xv Um¿-hn-\m-Wv. ssP-

h-tem-I-sØ hn-Im-k-ßƒ, \n-

b-a-ßƒ-°v A-\p-kr-X-am-sW-

∂v A-t±-lw ÿm-]n-®p. Cu

hn-Im-k-ßƒ-°v A-Xn-t‚-Xm-

b N-cn-{X-ap-≠v. ssP-h-tem-I-

sØ Cu am-‰-ßƒ A-hy-h-

ÿn-X-am-bn h-∂p-tN¿-∂-X-√.

ssP-h-tem-I-sØ hn-Im-k-Øn-

s‚ ]m-X-bn¬, G-I-tIm-i A-

ao-_-bpw t{]m-t´m-tkm-h-bp-sS

e-fn-X-am-b {]-Y-a-h¿-§-hpw cq-

]w sIm-≠-Xn¬ Xp-S-ßn ̨ A-

Xm-I-s´, Po-h-tIm-i-ß-fp-sS

{]-[m-\ L-S-I-am-b t{]m-t´m-πm-

k-Øn¬ Xp-S-ßn-b {]-{In-b-bn-

eq-sS cq-]w sIm-≠p; C-h-bn¬

Nn-e-sXm-s° Ip-g-ºp cq-]-Øn-

ep-≈ Po-hn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p ̨ tIm-

i-ßƒ kz-bw hn-̀ -Pn-°m≥ B-

cw-`n-®p. A-ß-s\ hn-`-P-\-Øn-

eq-sS-bp-≈ {]-Xyp¬-∏m-Z-\w

B-cw-`n-®p. A-Xp-h-tc-bpw, ]p-

cp-j-˛-kv-{Xo cq-]-ßƒ X-Ωn¬

ssew-Kn-I-am-bn H-∂m-Ip-∂-Xn-

eq-sS-bp-≈ {]-Xyp¬-∏m-Z-\w

kw-`-hn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Cu {]-{In-

b-bn¬, kw-L¿-j-ß-fp-tS-bpw

C-S-]-g-I-ep-I-fp-tS-bpw am-‰-ß-

fp-tS-bpw H-cp ]-c-º-c-bn-eq-sS

hn-hn-[-ß-fm-b F-√m Po-hn-h¿-

§-ß-fpw D-cp-Øn-cn-™p. Um¿-

hn-s‚ ]-cn-Wm-a-kn-≤m-¥w A-

h-Im-i-s∏-́ -Xv, hm-\-c-k-Zr-i-cm-

b ]q¿-h-]n-Xm-°-fp-sS k-am-\-

K-W-Øn¬ \n-∂pw ]-cn-W-an-®-

Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv, C-∂-sØ Ip-

c-ßp-I-fp-tS-bpw Bƒ-°p-c-ßp-

I-fp-tS-bpw, X-Ωn¬ ]n-∂o-Sv A-

I-∂p t]m-b, hw-im-h-en-Iƒ

D-≠m-b-Xv. ]n-∂o-Sv, Bƒ-°p-c-

ßp-I-fp-sS hw-im-h-en-bn¬ \n-

∂pw B-t{¥m-t∏m-bv-Uv Bƒ-

°p-c-ßp-I-fpw, Xp-S¿-∂v H-cp {]-

tXy-I hw-im-h-en-bm-bn B-[p-

\n-I a-\p-jy-\pw ]-cn-W-an-®p.

Um¿-hn-s‚ Cu kn-≤m-¥w

ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-sØ £-bn-∏n-

°p-I-bpw, B-[p-\n-I Po-h-im-

kv-{Xw P-\n-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp

F-∂-Xv k-Xy-am-Wv. ]-t£,

Um¿-hn-s‚ Nn-¥-Iƒ-°v N-cn-

{X-]-c-am-b ]-cn-an-Xn-Iƒ sIm-

≠v Nn-e hn-S-hp-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p F-∂-Xpw A-tX k-a-bw

X-s∂ k-Xy-am-Wv. Cu hn-S-hp-

Iƒ am-‰-Øn-s‚ c-≠v h-i-ß-

fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-h-

bm-Wv. im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ `m-j-

bn¬ ]-d-™m¬ C-h, A-f-hn-

ep-≈ am-‰-hpw Kp-W-Øn-ep-≈

am-‰-hp-am-Wv. {I-ta-W-bp-≈ am-

‰-Øn-s‚, A-Y-hm ]-cn-Wm-a-

Øn-s‚ ]m-X Um¿-hn≥ Xn-cn-

®-dn-™p. ]-t£ am-‰-Øn-s‚

B {]-{In-b-bn¬, Xp-S¿-®-bpw

`w-K-hpw H-cp-an-®v \n-e-\n¬-°p-

∂p-sh-∂pw, A-f-hp-]-c-am-b am-

‰w A-\n-hm-cy-am-bpw Kp-W-]-c-

am-b am-‰-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°p-sa-

∂pw Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬ A-t±-

lw ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p. ssP-h-]-cn-

Wm-a-Øn-\p ]n-∂n-se Im-c-W-

tam, F-¥p-sIm-≠v ]-cn-Wm-aw

X-s∂ \-S-°p-∂p F-∂-Xp kw-

_-‘n-t®m, hy-‡-am-b H-cp hn-

i-Zo-I-c-Ww \¬-Ip-hm≥ A-t±-

l-Øn-\v km-[n-®n-√. im-kv-{X-

Øn-s‚ ]n-∂o-Sp-≠m-b I-≠p-

]n-Sn-Ø-ß-fm-Wv Um¿-hn-s‚

kn-≤m-¥-sØ Iq-Sp-X¬ ]-cn-

t]m-jn-∏n-°p-hm-\pw hn-]p-eo-I-

cn-°p-hm-\pw k-lm-b-I-am-b-Xv.

C-sX-√mw im-kv-{X-hn-Zym¿-∞n-

Iƒ-°v kp-]-cn-Nn-X-am-Wv.

km-¶¬-∏n-I-am-b

tXm-∂-ep-Iƒ k-Xy-Øn-s‚

am-\-Z-Wv-U-a-√

Im-cy-ßƒ a-\- n-em-°p-∂-

Xn-epw kzmw-io-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

epw hy-‡n-Iƒ-X-Ωn¬ A-¥-

c-ap-s≠-∂v a-\- n-s\-bpw Np-

‰p-]m-Sp-I-sf-bpw kw-_-‘n-®

N¿-®-bn¬ \mw I-≠p-I-gn -

™p. Cu km-l-N-cy-Øn¬

\mw F-ß-s\ k-Xyw \n¿-Æ-

bn-°pw? X-s‚ Nn-¥-bm-Wv i-

cn F-∂p hn-iz-kn-°p-hm-\pw

B A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw i-‡n-bp-

‡w ÿm-]n-°p-hm-\pw Hm-tcm-

cp-Ø¿-°pw A-h-Im-i-ap-≠v.

F-∂m¬ Zr-V-{]-kv-Xm-hw \-Ω-

sf k-Xy-Øn-te-°v \-bn-°n-√.

Im-c-Ww k-Xy-sa-∂-Xv H-cm-fp-

tS-bpw B-i-b-ß-tf-tbm tXm-

∂-ep-I-tf-tbm B-{i-bn-®-√

\n¬-°p-∂-Xv. k-Xyw a-\- n-

em-°p-hm≥ hn-a¿-i-\m-fl-I-am-

b ]-cn-tim-[-\-bn-te-°m-Wv,

{]-tbm-K-Øn¬ sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-

Xn-te-°m-Wv, H-cmƒ t]m-tI-

≠-Xv. B-i-b-hm-Z X-Xz-im-kv-

{X-ß-fn¬ ̀ q-cn-`m-K-Øn-epw {]-

tbm-Kw F-∂ Im-cyw C-√. A-

h-bn¬ ]-e-Xpw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂

B-i-bw, X-Xz-Nn-¥ {K-ln-°p-

∂-Xv sF-ln-I-am-b Po-hn-X-

Øn-\p th-≠n-b-√, B-fl-kw-

Xr-]v-Xn-°p-th-≠n-bm-Wv F-∂-

X-t{X. Cu Im-cyw \-ap-°v a-

s‰m-cp tIm-Wn¬ \n-∂pw ]-cn-

tim-[n-°mw. \-ap-°-dn-bmw, Ku-

X-a-_p-≤≥, tb-ip {In-kv-Xp,

ap-l-Ω-Zv \-_n, i-¶-cm-Nm-cy¿

F-∂n-h-sc-√mw h-f-sc D-∂-X-

cm-b t{i-jvT-hy-‡n-Xz-ß-fm-bn-

cp-∂p F-∂v \-ap-°-dn-bmw. A-

h-sc-√mw-X-s∂ a-Xm-Nm-cy-∑m¿

B-bn-cp-∂p, ]-t£ Hm-tcm-cp-

Ø-cpw a-s‰m-cm-fn¬ \n-∂pw hy-

Xy-kv-X-am-b B-i-b-am-Wv a-X-

sØ Ip-dn-®v ]p-e¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂-

Xv. H-cmƒ k-Xy-sa-∂p {]-N-cn-

∏n-®-Xv, A-Sp-Ø-bmƒ J-Wv-Un-

°m≥ {i-an-®p, ]-I-cw hy-Xy-

kv-X-am-b H-cp B-i-bw k-Xyw

F-∂-\n-e-bn¬ D-Zv-tLm-jn-®p.

C-Xn¬ G-Xp a-lm-flm-hn-s\-

bm-Wv \mw sX-c-s™-Sp-t°-

≠-Xv? C-Xn¬ B-cm-Wv i-cn,

B-cm-Wv sX-‰v F-∂v \-Ωƒ F-

ß-s\ Xn-cn-®-dn-bpw? \-Ωp-sS

hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn¬ i-¶-cm-Nm-cy-

sc Ip-dn-®p-≈ ]mT-ßƒ ]Tn-

∏n-°p-tºmƒ, A-t±-l-sØ H-

cp ssZ-h-am-bn-´m-Wv Ip-ń-I-fp-

sS ap-∂n¬ A-[ym-]-I¿ A-h-

X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. A-t±-lw sa-

Xn-b-Sn-bpw [-cn-®p-sIm-≠v tKm-

Zm-h-cn \-Zn-°p Ip-dp-sI \-S-∂p-

sh-∂m-Wv ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

t\m-°q, X-Xz-Nn-¥m-cw-K-sØ

D-∂-X-\m-b Cu b-Ym¿-∞ a-

\p-jy≥, {ip-Xn-bn-epw kv-ar-Xn-

bn-ep-am-bn Nn-X-dn-°n-S-∂-h-sb-

√mw H-cp-an-®p Iq-́ n-b, cm-Py-Øv

th-Zm-¥-Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw I-cp-

Ø-\m-b {]-tbm-‡m-hv ˛ A-

t±-l-sØ ssZ-h-am-bn {]-Jym-

]n-t°-≠n h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Im-

c-Ww A-t±-l-sØ ssZ-h-am-

°m-sX X-c-an-√. ]p-cm-X-\-Im-

e-Øv, B-i-b-hm-Z X-Xz-Nn-¥-

I-cp-sS C-S-bn¬ H-cp h-g-°w

D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F-t∏mƒ H-cmƒ

hn-⁄m-\ im-kv-{Xw, ssh-cp-≤ym-fl-I ù-Xn-I-hm-Zw,

hn-π-h- Po-hn-Xw F-∂n-h-sb-∏-‰n

(tijw 9˛mw t]Pn¬)

k -ap-∂-X am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv X-Xz-Nn-¥-I-\pw F-kv-bp-kn-sF(-I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv) ]m¿-ń-bp-sS ÿm-]-I P-\-d¬ sk-{I-´-dn-bp-am-b k-Jm-hv in-_v-Zm-kv tLm-jv 1967 ¬

I¬-°-Ø-bn¬ \-S-∂ H-cp kv-Iqƒ Hm-^v s]m-fn-‰n-Iv-kn¬, hn-⁄m-\ im-kv-{X-sØ-°p-dn-®pw ssh-cp-≤ym-fl-I ù-Xn-I-hm-Z-sØ B-g-Øn¬ hn-i-I-e-\w sN-

bv-Xp-sIm-≠pw \-S-Øn-b {]-kw-K-am-Wv "hn-⁄m-\ im-kv-{Xw, ssh-cp-≤ym-fl-Iù-Xn-I-hm-Zw, hn-π-h- Po-hn-Xw F-∂n-h-sb-∏-‰n' F∂ Ir-Xn-°v B-[m-c-am-bn-´p-

≈Xv. A-Xn-s‚ a-ebm-f ]-cn-`m-jbpsS aq∂mw ̀ m-K-am-Wv Cu e-°-Øn¬ sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂Xv. ssP-h-]-cn-Wmaw, ]-Zm¿-∞hpw Nn-¥bpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ _‘w,

X-Xz-Nn-¥-bp-sS [¿Ωw, kn-≤m-¥hpw {]-tbm-K-hpw Xp-Sßn-b hn-j-b-ß-fm-WvCXn¬ {]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv.

sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 9

a-s‰m-cm-sf hm-Z-Øn¬ tXm¬-

∏n-°p-∂p-thm, A-t∏mƒ hn-P-

bn-®-bmƒ A-h-Im-i-s∏-ń-cp-

∂p, -Rm≥ kzo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-

cn-°p-∂p, a-t‰-bmƒ ÿm-\-{`-

jv-S-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p ̨ A-ß-s\

F-s‚ B-[n-Im-cn-I-X C-Xn-

\m¬ ÿm-]n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-

∂p. C-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-

°m-e-Øv H-cp k-Xy-Øn-s‚

ÿm-\-Øv a-s‰m-∂v ÿm-]n-°-

s∏-´-Xv. k-Xyw H-cn-°-epw ]-

co-£-W-Øn-s‚-tbm hn-i-I-e-

\-Øn-s‚-tbm am¿-§-Øn¬

ÿm-]n-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂n-√. A-Xv

B-h-iy-am-bn tXm-∂n-b-Xp-an-√.

A-h¿-°v A-Xv th-W-sa-∂p-

≠m-bn-√. Cu ho-£-W-Øn¬,

hn-⁄m-\ im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚(T-heory of Knowledg-e) ta-J-e-

bn¬ am¿-Iv-kn-kw H-cp A-Sn-

ÿm-\ hn-j-bw D-b¿-Øp-∂p.

A-Xm-b-Xv, F-√mw ]-co-£-W-

Øn-s‚-bpw N-cn-{X-Øn-s‚-bpw

A-\p-̀ -h-Øn-s‚-bpw A-Sn-ÿm-

\-Øn¬ th-Ww hn-e-bn-cp-

Øm≥, A-√m-sX G-sX-¶n-epw

H-cp hy-‡n-bp-sS tXm-∂-en-s‚-

tbm B-i-b-Øn-s‚-tbm ]p-d-

Øv B-I-cp-Xv.

]-co-£-W-ß-fn-epw sX-‰p-

Iƒ kw-`-hn-°m-sa-∂v th-W-

sa-¶n¬ H-cmƒ-°v hm-Zn-°mw. i-

cn-bm-Wv, H-cp ^-e-\n¿-Æ-b-

Øn¬ F-Øn-t®-cp-∂-Xn-\m-bp-

≈ hm-Z-{]-Xn-hm-Z-ß-fpw, ]-cym-

tem-N-\-I-fpw, ]-co-£-W-hpw

A-t\z-j-W-hpw H-s° D-s≠-

∂v h-cn-In-epw, sX-‰p-Iƒ kw-

`-hn-°mw. tNm-Zyw C-Xm-Wv ˛

G-Xn-em-Wv sX-‰p-Iƒ h-cp-Øp-

hm-\p-≈ Iq-Sp-X¬ km-[y-X-bp-

≈-Xv, H-cmƒ, A-bm-sf-{X a-

lm-\m-sW-¶n¬ X-s∂-bpw, A-

bm-fp-sS hy-‡n-]-c-am-b hn-izm-

k-hpw t_m-[y-hpw am-{Xw \-

Ωƒ B-[m-c-am-°p-∂-Xn-tem,

A-tXm, ]-co-£-W-hpw A-\p-

`-h-hpw, hn-a¿-i-\m-fl-I-am-b

hn-i-I-e-\-hpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-

°p-∂-Xn-tem? Zz-μzm-fl-I ù-

Xn-I-hm-Zw C-Xn¬ c-≠m-a-sØ

co-Xn-bm-Wv B-{i-bn-t°-≠-Xv

F-∂-Xn¬ D-d-®p \n¬-°p-∂p.

Im-c-Ww, sX-‰n-\p-≈ km-[y-X-

Iƒ Cu co-Xn-bn¬ h-f-sc Ip-

d-hm-Wv. am-{X-hp-a-√, sX-‰p-Iƒ

kw-`-hn-®m-epw, A-Xv Xn-cp-Øp-

hm-\p-≈ h-gn-bpw Cu co-Xn-bn-

eq-sS am-{X-ta I-s≠-Øm-\m-

Iq, A-√m-sX H-cm-fp-sS hy-‡n-

]-c-am-b hn-izm-k-sØ A-Sn-

ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn Xo¿-®-bm-bpw

A-Xn-\p km-[n-°p-I-bn-√. H-cp

hy-‡n-bp-sS kz-Im-cy-am-b

t_m-[y-sØ B-{i-bn-°p-∂-

Xn-em-Wv sX-‰p h-cp-Øm-\p-≈

km-[y-X Iq-Sp-X-em-bn D-≠m-

Ip-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬, ]-co-£-W-

Øn-s‚-bpw hn-a¿-i-\m-fl-I-am-

b hn-i-I-e-Øn-s‚-bpw A-Sn-

ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈ \n-K-a-\-tam

kzmw-io-I-c-W-tam F-∂-tØ-

°pw km-[p-hm-I-W-sa-∂n-√m-

sb-∂pw, A-Xv sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-

tS-≠-Xp-s≠-∂-Xpw \mw Hm¿-

°-Ww. Im-c-Ww, ssI-h-∂ ̂ -

e-sØ {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ sIm-

≠p-h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v, A-√m-sX

A-Xv Nm-cp-I-tk-c-I-fn¬ C-cp-

∂p-≈ N¿-®-Iƒ-°v th-≠n-bp-

≈-X-√. F-t∏mƒ H-cp B-i-b-

sØ {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ sIm-≠p-

h-cp-∂p-thm, bm-Ym¿-∞y-hp-am-

bp-≈ kw-L¿-jw A-hn-sS A-

\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. bm-Ym¿-∞y-hp-

am-bp-≈ Cu k-a-c-Øn-eq-sS,

ssI-h-cn-® ̂ -ew i-cn-tbm sX-

t‰m F-∂v ]-cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-Spw.

Cu ]-cn-tim-[-\ X-s∂ A-¥n-

a-am-sW-∂-Xpw i-cn-bm-b H-cp

a-\- n-em-°-e-√. F-∂m¬ B-

i-b-hm-Z X-Xz-im-kv-{X-ß-fn¬,

k-Xyw C-ß-s\ ]-co-£n-®p hn-

P-bn-®p-thm F-∂ tNm-Zy-ta D-

Zn-°p-∂n-√. C-Xv Cu cw-K-Øv

c-k-I-c-am-b hn-tcm-[m-`m-k-am-

Wv kr-jv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v \n-

ßƒ-°p Im-Wmw. B-i-b-hm-

Z X-Øz-Nn-¥-bn¬, ssh-Zy-∑m-

cp-sS F-Æ-tØm-fw X-s∂ Hu-

j-[-°p-dn-∏p-I-fp-ap-≠v. B-i-b-

hm-Zn-Iƒ-°n-S-bn-se \n-co-iz-c-

hm-Zn-I-fpw X-ß-fp-sS hym-Jym-

\-ß-fn¬ hy-Xy-kv-X-cm-Wv. B-

i-b-hm-Z X-Øz-Nn-¥-bn¬ C-

Ø-cw Im-cy-ßƒ kw-`-hn -

°mw, Im-c-Ww A-Xn-se F-√m

B-i-b-ß-fpw [m-c-W-I-fpw hy-

‡n-K-X {K-l-W-Øn-epw t_m-

[y-Øn-epw \n-∂v hn-I-kn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. F-∂m¬ C-tX Im-

cyw im-kv-{X-Øn¬ kw-̀ -hn-°p-

∂n-√. ssh-Zyp-Xn-bp-sS kn-≤m-

¥w Cw-•-≠n-ep-≈-Xp X-s∂-

bm-Wv P-∏m-\n-epw, C-¥y-bn-

epw A-Xv hy-Xy-kv-X-am-In-√.

hy-Xy-kv -X-ß-fm-b hn-hn-[

ÿ-e-ß-fn¬ H-tc {]-Xn-`m-k-

Øn-\v, hy-Xy-kv-X-ß-fm-b A-

\-h-[n kn-≤m-¥-ßƒ A-Y-hm

hy-Xy-kv-X-ß-fm-b A-\-h-[n

hym-Jym-\-ßƒ D-≠m-hp-I km-

[y-a-√. im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ k-Xy-

sa-∂-Xv ]-co-£-W-Øn-eq-sS D-

d-∏n-® k-Xy-am-b-Xp sIm-≠v,

H-cp {]-tXy-I {]-iv-\-Øn-t\m,

im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ H-cp {]-tXy-I

ta-J-e-t°m, H-tc-sbm-cp {]-

tXy-I ^-e-tam H-scm-‰ k-Xy-

tam am-{X-ta km-[y-am-hp-I-bp-

≈q. ]-co-£-W-Øn-eq-sS sX-

fn-bn-°-s∏-´ H-cp im-kv-{X-k-

Xyw H-cn-°-epw sX-‰m-hp-I-bn-

√. ]-t£, ]-co-£-W-Øn-s‚

am¿-K-Øn-eq-sS H-cp ]p-Xn-b ta-

J-e sh-fn-®-Øp h-cn-I-bm-sW-

¶n-tem, Cu ]p-Xn-b ta-J-e-

bn¬ H-cp ]p-Xn-b \n-b-aw km-

[p-hm-bn Xo¿-∂m-tem, ]-g-b-Xv

Cu ]p-Xn-b ta-J-e-bn¬ A-

km-[p-hm-bn am-dp-tºm-gpw A-

Xv ]-g-b ta-J-e-bn¬ km-[p-

hm-bn Xp-S-cpw. Im-c-Ww, k-Xy-

sa-∂-Xv F-t∏m-gpw aq¿-Ø-hpw

k-hn-ti-j-hp-am-b k-Xy-am-Wv.

Cu A-Sn-ÿm-\-{]-am-W-sØ

F-Xn¿-°p-I-sb-∂m¬, im-kv-

{X-Øn-s‚ aq -ey -sØ-tbm,

ss\-Xn-I-X-tb-tbm F-Xn¿-°p-

I-sb-∂m-Wv. F-√m im-kv-{X-

ß-fp-tS-bpw D-Zv-{K-Y-\-Øn-s‚

A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ÿm-]n-®n-

cn-°p-∂ X-Øz-im-kv-{X-Øn-

\pw ˛ A-Xm-b-Xv, Zz-μm-fl-I

ù-Xn-I-hm-Z-Øn-\pw C-Xv X-

Øp-√y-am-bn _m-[-I-am-Wv.

tem-I-sØ hym-Jym-\n-°p-

I-sb-∂-Xv am-{X-a-√,

A-Xn-s\ am-‰p-I F-∂-Xm-Wv

b-Ym¿-∞ I¿-Ø-hyw

am¿-Iv-kn-k-hpw a-‰v X-Xz-Nn-

¥-I-fpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ hy-Xym-

kw sX-fn-®p-Im-́ n-s°m-≠v am¿-

Iv-kv H-cn-°¬ \n-co-£n-®-Xv, a-

s‰-√m X-Øz-Nn-¥-I-fpw \m-fn-

Xp-h-sc tem-I-sØ hym-Jym-

\n-°p-I am-{X-am-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv,

]-t£ A-Xn-s\ am-‰p-I F-∂-

Xm-Wv I¿-Ø-hyw. F-∂m¬

C-Xn¬ \n-∂pw, am¿-Iv-kn-Ãp-

Iƒ-°v tem-I-sØ hym-Jym-\n-

t°-≠ B-h-iy-an-√, A-h¿-°v

B-sI B-h-iyw tem-I-sØ

am-‰p-I-sb-∂-Xp am-{X-am-Wv F-

∂v B-sc-¶n-epw A-\p-am-\n-

®m¬, A-h¿ A-Sn-ÿm-\ B-

i-bw a-\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]-

cm-P-b-s∏-´p F-∂v ]-d-tb-≠n

h-cpw. a-dp-h-i-Øv, am¿-Iv-kn-k-

Øn-\p ap-ºp-≈ H-cp X-Øz-Nn-

¥-bpw tem-I-sØ am-‰p-∂-

Xn¬ bm-sXm-cp ]-¶pw \n¿-h-

ln-®n-√ F-∂v B-sc-¶n-epw I-

cp-Xn-bm¬ A-Xpw sX-‰m-Wv. N-

cn-{X-]-c-am-b ù-Xn-I-hm-Z-Øn-

s‚ i-cn-bm-b t_m-[yw A-Ø-

cw sX-‰m-b tXm-∂-ep-Iƒ-s°m-

∂pw C-S-bp-≠m-°p-∂n-√. Cu

\n-co-£-W-Øn-eq-sS am¿-Iv-kv

b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ ]-d-bm≥ B-

{K-ln-®-sX-¥m-Wv? A-t±-lw

]-d-bm≥ B-{K-ln-®-Xv, Zz-μzm-

fl-I ù-Xn-I-hm-Zw \n¿-h-ln-

® ]-¶v a-s‰m-cp X-Øz-Nn-¥-

°pw sN-øm≥ km-[n-®n-√ F-

∂-Xm-Wv. ù-Xn-I-tem-I-Øn-

s‚ F-√m ta-J-e-I-fn-te-bpw

A-s√-¶n¬ F-√m {]-h¿-Ø-\-

cw-K-ß-fn-te-bpw am-‰-ß-sf \n-

b-{¥n-°p-∂ \n-b-a-ß-sf, im-

kv - {X -Øn-s‚ A-Sn -ÿm-\-

Øn¬ hn-a¿-i-\-]-c-am-bpw kq-

£v-a-am-bpw hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-I-

bpw, A-Xp-h-gn tem-I-sØ am-

‰p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ h-gn-Im-ń F-∂

\n-e-bn¬ H-cp k-a-{K-kw-hn-[m-

\-sØ hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-I-bpw

sN-bv-X-Xv Zz-μzm-fl-I ù-Xn-I-

hm-Z-am-Wv.

Iq-Sm-sX, ]-e B-i-b-hm-Z

X-Øz-Nn-¥-I-fpw {]-N-cn-∏n-°p-

∂-Xv, Cu {]-]-©-sa-∂p ]-d-

bp-∂-Xv H-cp {]-Ir-Xym-Xo-X i-

‡n-bp-sS kr-jv-Sn-bm-sW-∂m-

Wv. A-Xp-sIm-≠v, {]-Ir-Xn-bp-

am-bp-≈ k-a-c-Øn¬ a-\p-jy-

s‚ ]-¶n-s\ A-h¿ Im-Wp-∂-

Xv h-f-sc ]-cn-an-X-am-bn-´m-Wv.

a-\p-jy≥ {]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS \n-b-

a-ßƒ-°v hn-t[-b-\m-sW-∂pw

A-Xn-\m¬, X-s‚ B-h-iy-

ßƒ-°m-bn {]-Ir-Xn-sb {]-

tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v t_m-

[-]q¿-hw Cu \n-b-a-ßƒ-°p

ta¬ A-h-\v {]-h¿-Øn-°m-\m-

In-√ F-∂pw ]-d-bp-∂p. km-aq-

ly-im-k-\-ß-fpw Xn-́ q-c-ß-fpw

A-ew-L-\o-b-hpw am-‰m≥ ]-‰m-

Ø-Xpw B-bn-́ m-Wv Cu X-Øz-

Nn-¥-Iƒ ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.

A-h¿ a-\p-jy-\p \¬-In-b a-

s‰m-cp ]mTw, a-\p-jy≥ X-s‚

Zp-cn-X-ß-fp-sS i-a-\-Øn-\m-bn

k-l-\-i-‡n Iq-Sp-X¬ h-f¿-

∂v C-Xp-am-sb-√mw s]m-cp-Ø-

s∏-Sm≥ ]m-I-Øn¬ kz-bw am-

d-W-sa-∂p-am-Wv. C-Xm-Wv A-

h¿ A-Ø-c-sam-cp-am-‰w-sIm-≠v

A¿-∞-am-°p-∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-

≠p X-s∂ A-h-cp-sS ]-¶pw A-

Xn-\-\p-kr-X-am-Ip-∂p. {]-Ir-Xn-

bp-tS-bpw k-aq-l-Øn-s‚-bpw

\n-b-a-ß-sf kw-_-‘n-® im-

kv-{Xo-b-hpw k-a-{K-hp-am-sbm-cp

ho-£-W-Øm-epw [m-c-W-bm-

epw \-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-eq-sS, a-

\p -jy-\v {]-Ir-Xn -°p-ta¬

t_m-[-]q¿-hw {]-h¿-Øn-°m-

\m-Ip-sa-∂pw, km-[n-°p-∂n-S-

tØm-fw A-Xn-s‚ tZm-j-I-c-am-

b ^-e-ßƒ H-gn-hm-°n, X-s‚

t\-´-Øn-\m-bn A-Xn-s\ {]-

tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-sa-∂pw, B-

Zy-am-bn Im-Wn-®p X-∂-Xv Zz-μzm-

fl-I ̀ u-Xn-I-hm-Z-am-Wv. A-Xp-

t]m-se X-s∂, F-√m X-c-Øn-

ep-ap-≈ A-\o-Xn, Nq-j-Ww,

A-]-am-\w, F-∂n-h-bn¬ \n-

s∂-√mw kz-bw tam-Nn-X-\m-°p-

hm-\pw, F-√m Zp-cn-X-ß-fpw H-

gn-hm-°p-hm-\pw, \n-e-\n¬-°p-

∂ km-aq-ly-kw-hn-[m-\-sØ

hn-π-h-I-c-am-bn ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-eq-sS km-[n-

°pw. Cu A¿-∞-Øn-em-Wv,

C-t∏mƒ tem-I-sØ am-‰p-∂-

Xm-Wv I¿-Ø-hyw F-∂v Du-

∂n-∏-d-™-Xv. A-Xm-b-Xv, km-

aq-ln-I-hn-Im-k-Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-

]-c-hpw im-kv-{Xo-b-hp-am-b [m-

c-W Ir-Xy-am-bn a-\- n-em-°n,

{]-Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-ßƒ-°pw km-aq-

ln-I B-h-iy-I-X-Iƒ-°pw a-

Xn-bm-b Aw-Ko-Im-cw \-Ωƒ

\¬-Ip -I-bm -sW-¶n¬, A-

t∏mƒ am-{X-ta tem-I-sØ am-

‰p-I-bm-Wv C-t∏m-g-sØ I¿-

Ø-hyw F-∂ B-lzm-\-Øn-\v

F-s¥-¶n-epw A¿-∞w D-≠m-

hp-I-bp-≈q. Cu A¿-∞-Øn-

em-Wv, {]-tbm-Kw A-hn-`m-Py-

amw-hn-[w Iq-ń -t®¿-Øn-s√-

¶n¬ -A-dn-bp-I- F-∂-Xv

A¿-∞-iq-\y-am-Wv, F-∂v am¿-

Iv-kn-kw Du-∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv. \-

ap-°v tem-I-sØ am-‰-Ww, \-

ap-°v kz-bw am-d-Ww, \-ap-°v

am-‰-Øn-s‚ ]m-X-bn¬ a-\p-

jy¿ F-∂ \n-e-bn-ep-≈ \-Ωp-

sS t_m-[-]q¿-h-am-b ]-¶v \n¿-

h-ln-°-Ww. tem-I-sØ A-dn-

bp-hm-\p-≈ \-Ωp-sS Xz-c C-

Xn¬ \n-∂p-f-hm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

am¿-Iv-kn-kw A-Y-hm Zz-μzm-fl-

I ̀ u-Xn-I-hm-Zw ]-cn-t]m-jn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn-s‚ b-Ym¿-∞ {]m-[m-

\yw C-Xn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. X-ßƒ-°m-hp-∂-Xp t]m-

se tem-I-sØ A-dn-bm≥ Xp-

(tijw 10˛mw t]Pn¬)


{]-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bp-≈ k-a-c-Øn-s‚-bpw kw-L¿-j-Øn-s‚-bpw ]m-X-bn¬ H-cp L-´-Øn¬ a-\p-jy≥

D-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn¬ G¿-s∏-´p. C-Xv c-≠v X-c-Øn-ep-≠v; ù-Xn-I D-Xv-]m-Z-\-hpw B-flo-b D-Xv-]m-Z-\-

hpw. \-Ωp-sS Nn-¥-Iƒ, B-i-b-ßƒ, aq-ey-ßƒ,B-Z¿-i-ßƒ, X-Øz-Nn-¥ ˛ C-h-sb-√mw B-flo-

b D-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn-s‚ hn-`m-K-Øn¬ s]-Sp-∂p. ù-Xn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn-\p-≈ Xz-c A-Xn-s‚ Iq-sS B-

flo-b D-Xv-]m-Z-\-hpw sIm-≠p-h-∂p. C-h ]-c-kv-]-cw kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p. ]-t£, A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-bn h¿-

Øn-°p-∂-Xv ù-Xn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\w X-s∂-bm-Wv.

F-√m im-kv-{X-ß-fp-sS-bpw D-Zv-{K-Y-\-Øn-eq-sS \n-e-hn¬-h-∂X-Xz-im-kv-{X-amWv Zz-μzm-fl-I ù-Xn-I-hm-Z-w

10 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

S-°w sXm-t´ a-\p-jy-cm-in ]-

cn-{i-an-®n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬,

A-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-®v {]-h¿-Øn-®n-

√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, a-\p-jy-k-

aq-l-Øn-\v H-cp Np-h-Sp t]m-epw

ap-t∂m-́ p sh-°p-hm-\m-Ip-am-bn-

cp-∂n-√. Iq-Sm-sX, \-Ω-fn-t∏mƒ

sN-øp-∂-Xp t]m-se, hn-⁄m-

\-Øn-s‚-bpw im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚-

bpw X-Xz-im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚-bpw

hn-hn-[ h-i-ß-sf Ip-dn-®p-≈

N¿-®-Iƒ \-S-Øp-hm-\p-≈ A-

h-k-c-hpw \-ap-°v D-≠m-In-√m-

bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn¬ \n-∂pw \-Ωp-

sS a-\- n-\p-≠m-Ip-∂ k-t¥m-

jw D-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√, \-ap-

°-Xv B-kz-Zn-°m≥ km-[n-°p-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

{]-Ir-Xn-bp-am-bp-≈ a-\p-jy-

s‚ k-a-c-Øn-s‚-bpw kw-L¿-

j-Øn-s‚-bpw ]m-X-bn¬ A-

h≥ kr-jv-Sn-®-Xn-s\-bm-Wv D-

Xv-]m-Z-\w F-∂p hn-fn-°p-∂-Xv.

D-Xv-]m-Z-\w c-≠v X-c-Øn-ep-≠v:

H-∂v ̀ u-Xn-I D-Xv-]m-Z-\w, c-≠m-

a-tØ-Xv B-flo-b D-Xv-]m-Z-\w.

\-Ωp-sS Nn-¥-Iƒ, B-i-b-

ßƒ, aq -ey-ßƒ, B-Z¿-i-

ßƒ, X-Øz-Nn-¥ ˛ C-h-sb-

√mw B-flo-b D-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn-

s‚ hn-̀ m-K-Øn¬ s]-Sp-∂p. ̀ u-

Xn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn-\p-≈ Xz-c

A-Xn-s‚ Iq-sS B-flo-b D-Xv-

]m-Z-\-hpw sIm-≠p h-∂p. ho-

≠pw, H-∂v a-s‰m-∂n-s\ kzm-

[o-\n-°p-∂p, Xn-cn-sI-bpw ]-c-

kv-]-cw kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p. ]-

t£, A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-bn h¿-Øn-

°p-∂-Xv ù-Xn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\w

X-s∂-bm-Wv. \-Ωp-sS A-Sn-

ÿm-\ B-h-iy-ßƒ ]q¿-Øo-

I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v Po-hn-°p-hm-\p-

≈ B-{K-lw \-ap-°p-≠v. Cu

B-h-iy-Øn¬ \n-∂m-Wv D-Xv-

]m-Z-\-kw-hn-[m-\w cq-]o-I-cn-

°p-hm-\p-≈ B-h-iyw D-≠m-

Ip-∂-Xv. B D-Xv-]m-Z-\-kw-hn-

[m-\w cq-]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn

{]-Ir-Xn-bn-se hn-]-co-X-i-‡n-

Iƒ-s°-Xn -tc-bp -≈ k-a-c -

Øn¬ \mw G¿-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-

≠v. \-Ωp-sS D-Xv-]m-Z-\-kw-hn-

[m-\-hpw Po-hn-X-ssi-en-bpw

Cu k-a-c-Øn-eq-sS hn-I-kn-®-

Xm-I-bm¬ \-Ωp-sS B-flo-b

D-Xv-]m-Z-\-Øn-s‚ cw-K-hpw C-

tXm-sSm-∏w hn-I-kn-®p. \-Ωƒ

a-\- n-em-t°-≠ a-s‰m-cp Im-

cyw, G-sXm-cp a-\p-jy-Nn-¥-bp-

tS-bpw D-Z-b-Øn-\p ap-ºv, B

Nn-¥m-{]-{In-b-bp-sS h-f¿-®-°v

B-h-iy-am-b ]-Zm¿-∞ tN-cp-

h-Iƒ k-aq-l-Øn¬ B-Zyw

kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-Spw. Ir-Xy-am-bpw

Cu Im-c-Ww sIm-≠m-Wv, h-

f-sc a-l-Zv-hy-‡n-Xz-ß-fm-bn-cp-

∂n-́ p Iq-Sn, Ku-X-a _p-≤-t\m,

l-{k-Øv ap-l-Ω-Zn-t\m, tb-ip-

{In-kv-Xp-hn-t\m, A-h-cp-sS Im-

e-Øv B-t]-£n-I-Xm kn-≤m-

¥w I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ I-gn-bm-

Xn-cp-∂-Xv. sF≥-Ão≥ A-h-tc-

°mƒ h-en-b {]-Xn-`m-im-en

B-bn-cp-∂-Xp sIm-≠m-tWm

A-ß-s\ kw-`-hn-®-Xv? B-cpw

A-Xv Aw-Ko-I-cn-°n-√. Cu Im-

cy-Øn-s‚ i-cn-bm-b a-\- n-em-

°¬ F-s¥-∂m¬, A-h-cn-tem-

tcm-cp-Ø-cpw A-h-c-h-cp-sS Im-

e-sØ G-‰-hpw t{i-jvT-\m-b

Nn-¥-I-\pw {]-Xn-̀ m-im-en-bpw a-

lm-flm-hpw B-bn-cp-∂p. A-h-

cn-tem-tcm-cp-Ø-cp-tS-bpw Nn-¥-

I-fpw hn-i-I-e-\-ti-jn-bpw [n-

j-W-bpw {]-[m-\-am-bpw A-∂-

sØ km-aq-ly-km-l-N-cy-ßƒ-

°pw, A-h-c-h-cp-sS Im-e-L-´-

Øn-se aq¿-Ø-am-b km-l-N-

cy-ßƒ-°pw A-\p-k-cn-®v hn-I-

kn-®-Xm-Wv. Hm-tcm Im-e-L-´-

Øn-te-bpw G-‰-hpw D-∂-X-am-

b Nn-¥-Iƒ, A-Xm-Xv Im-e-L-

´-Øn-se G-‰-hpw a-lm-∑m-cm-

b Nn-¥-I-cm¬ {]-Xn-^-en-∏n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, B Im-e-L-´-

Øn-se Nn-¥-I-fp-sS ]-cn-[n-I-

sf \n¿-h-Nn-°p-∂p. Rm≥ B-

h¿-Øn-°-s´, km-aq-ln-I-km-

l-N-cyw, Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ \n-e-

\n¬-°p-∂ aq¿-Ø-am-b km-l-

N-cy-ßƒ, A-Xm-Wv A-h-cp-sS

Nn-¥-Iƒ-°pw B-i-b-ßƒ-

°pw ]-cn-[n \n-›-bn-°p-∂-Xv.

C-Xm-Wv i-cn-bm-b am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv

[m-c-W-bpw k-ao-]-\-hpw. D-∂-

X-cm-b A-\-h-[n im-kv-{X-⁄-

cpw X-Øz-Nn-¥-I-cpw t]m-epw

Cu Im-cy-Øn-\p ta¬ Ip-g-ßn-

bn-´p-≠v.

am¿-Iv-kn-k-sa-∂-Xv H-cp

hn-I-kn-°p-∂

X-Øz-im-kv-{X-am-Wv

Cu am¿-Iv-kn-b≥ k-ao-]-

\-Øn-s‚ i-cn-bm-b {Km-lyw

H-cp Im-cyw Iq-Sn t_m-≤y-s∏-

Sp-Øpw. \q-dp h¿-jw ap-ºp-≈

am¿-Iv-kn-s‚ kz-¥w [m-c-W-

bpw, \q-dp h¿-j-ßƒ-°p ti-

j-ap-≈ am¿-Iv-kn-Ãp-I-fp-sS

[m-c-W-bpw H-∂-√, H-∂m-hp-I-

bp-an-√. Im-c-Ww A-Xv A-tX-

]-Sn-X-s∂ \n-e-sIm-≈p-I-b-√,

t_m-[y-hpw A-Xn-s‚ {]-Im-i-

\-hpw am-‰-Øn-\v hn-t[-b-am-Wv.

am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn-s‚ D-]-⁄m-

Xm-hm-b Imƒ am¿-Iv-kv am¿-

Iv-kn-k-Øn-s‚ b-Ym¿-∞ k-

Ø-sb, X-s‚ kz-¥w Im-e-L-

´-Øn-s‚-bpw, A-∂-sØ km-

aq-ly-km-l-N-cy-ß-fp-tS-bpw

ho-£-W-Øn¬ a-\- n-em-°n-

bn-cp-∂p. B [m-c-W-°v, am-dp-

∂ Im-e-ß-fn-epw am-dn-b ]p-

Xn-b km-l-N-cy-ß-fn-epw, \n-

›-e-am-bn \n-e-sIm-≈p-I km-

[y-a-√. B [m-c-W am-dp-I-bpw

]-cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw

sN-øp-∂p. am¿-Iv-kn-k-sØ

kw-_-‘n-®v F-s‚ X-s∂ Xp-

S-°-Im-e-sØ [m-c-W, Rm≥

A-Xv A-∂v a-\- n-em-°n-b co-

Xn, B Xp-S-°-Im-e-tØ-Xp

t]m-se \n-e-\n-∂n-√. A-Xv km-

[y-hp-a-√. Im-c-Ww, am¿-Iv-kn-

kw H-cp im-kv-{X-am-Wv. A-Xp-

sIm-≠p X-s∂, hn-hn-[ B-i-

b-{]-Im-i-\-ß-fpw, am¿-Iv-kn-k-

sØ Ip-dn-®p-≈ [m-c-W-I-fpw,

Iq-Sp-X¬ kv-]-jv-S-X-tbm-Spw

hy-‡-X-tbm-Spw Ir-Xy-X-tbm-

Spw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

A-Xn-s\ Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-izm-k-

tbm-Ky-hpw, Iq-Sp-X¬ Xp-f-

™p-I-b-dp-∂-Xpw, J-Wv-Un-X-

am-bpw am-t‰-≠-Xp-≠v. H-cn-°-

epw C-Xn-\¿-∞w, ]-cn-t]m-jn-

∏n-°p-∂p F-∂ t]-cn¬ am¿-

Iv-kn-k-sØ h-f-s®m-Sn-°p-I-

sb-t∂m, hn-I-kn-∏n-°-Ww F-

∂ ap-d-hn-fn-tbm-sS am¿-Iv-kn-k-

Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-X-Øz-ß-

sf ]p-\x-]-cn-tim-[n-°p-I-sb-

t∂m A-√ ˛ tem-I-sam-´m-sI-

bp-≈ Xn-cp-Ø¬-hm-Zn-Iƒ C-

∂p \n¿-h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂ lo-\-am-b I¿-Ωw C-Xm-Wv.

A-X-√ Rm≥ D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.

B tNm-Zy-ta D-Zn-°p-∂n-√. F-

s‚ A-`n-{]m-bw F-s¥-∂m¬,

am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn-s‚ ]mT-ßƒ

X-s∂ A-\p-k-cn-®v, am¿-Iv-kn-

k-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-X-Xz-ß-

sf kw-_-‘n-® A-Xn-s‚ C-

∂-sØ [m-c-W, am¿-Iv-kn-\p

ti-jw \q-dp h¿-jw ]n-∂n-Sp-

tºmƒ, ]-g-b A-tX X-e-

Øn¬ X-s∂ \n-e-sIm-≈m≥

km-[n-°p-I-bn-√. im-kv-{X-Øn-

s‚ hn-hn-[ ta-J-e-I-fn¬ A-

\-h-[n ]p-Xn-b I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-

ßƒ \-S-°p-tºmƒ, km-º-

Øn-I-hpw cm-jv-{So-b-hp-am-b ta-

J-e-I-fn¬ am-‰-ßƒ kw-`-hn-

°p-tºmƒ, X-Zv-^-e-am-bn hn-π-

h-ap-t∂-‰-ß-fn-epw h¿-K-k-a-c-

ß-fn-epw ]p-Xn-b ]mT-ß-fpw

A-\p-̀ -h-ß-fpw Ip-an-™p-Iq-Sp-

tºmƒ, Zz-μzm-fl-I-co-Xn-bn-eq-

sS Cu ]p-Xn-b L-S-I-ß-sf-

sb-√mw k-am-l-cn-®pw tIm¿-

Øn-W-°n-bpw, Zz-μzm-fl-I ù-

Xn-I-hm-Z-Øn-s‚ hn-Im-k-hpw

]-cn-t]m-j-W-hpw A-\n-hm-cy-am-

bpw kw-`-hn-°pw. A-ß-s\,

am¿-Iv-kn-kw F-∂ im-kv-{X-

Øn-s‚ k-ºq¿-W-am-b hn-Im-

k-Øn-s‚ Xm-Xv-]-cym¿-∞w, H-

cp {]-tXy-I k-a-b-Øv, H-cp {]-

tXy-I ta-J-e-bn¬, A-Xn-s‚

{]-Im-i-\-co-Xn-tbm {]-Im-i-\-

ssi-en-tbm, A-Xn-s‚ hn-Im-k-

Øn-s‚ K-Xn-bn¬ am-td-≠-Xm-

Wv. Im-cy-ßƒ Cu co-Xn-bn¬

a-\- n-em-°n-bn-s√-¶n¬ am¿-Iv-

kn-k-Øn-\v hn-I-kn-®p ap-t∂m-

´p t]m-Im≥ km-[n-°p-I-bn-√.

C-Xv Cu co-Xn-bn-em-Wv kw-`-

hn-°p-∂-Xv, `m-hn-bn-epw C-ß-

s\ X-s∂ kw-`-hn-°p-I-bpw

sN-øpw. Im-c-Ww am¿-Iv-kn-kw

H-cp im-kv-{X-am-Wv. A-s√-¶n¬

am¿-Iv-kn-kw A-Xn-s‚ A-¥y-

Øn-se-Øp-sa-∂-Xv Xo¿-®-bm-

Wv. Rm≥ D-t±-in-®-sX-s¥-

∂m¬, a-s‰m-cp co-Xn-bn¬ ]-d-

bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ am¿-Iv-kn-kw

F-∂ im-kv-{Xw \n-c-¥-cw B-

i-b-ß-sf kv-]-jv-S-am-°n, A-

h-sb Iq-Sp-X¬ hy-‡-hpw aq¿-

®-tb-dn-b-Xp-am-bn am-‰n-s°m-≠v

ap-t∂-td-≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xn¬ ]-

cm-P-b-s∏-́ m¬, A-Xv sh-dpw h-

c-´p-X-Xz-hm-Z-am-bn A-[x-]-Xn-

°pw. Rm≥ C-°m-cyw F-s‚

kz-¥w `m-j-bn¬ ]-d-bp-I-bm-

Wv. am¿-Iv-kpw Gw-K¬-kpw \-

ap-°v am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn-s‚ A-

Sn-ÿm-\-]mT-ßƒ X-∂p, Hm-

tcm cm-Py-Øp-ap-≈ am¿-Iv-kn-

Ãp-I-fp-sS I¿-Ø-hyw Cu im-

kv-{X-sØ F-√m Zn-i-I-fn-epw

]-cn-t]m-jn-∏n-®p hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-

I F-∂-Xm-Wv ˛ C-Xm-Wv h-f-

sc ap-t∂ se-\n≥ \-sΩ ]Tn-

∏n-® ]mTw

Nn-¥-bp-sS B-t]-£n-I-

kzm-X-{¥yw

a-\- pw ]-Zm¿-∞-hpw X-Ωn-

ep -≈ _-‘-sØ-°p -dn -® v

Rm≥ h-f-sc hn-i-Z-am-bn kw-

km-cn-®n-cp-∂p. ]-Zm¿-∞-tem-I-

am-Wv {]-Y-aw. a-\- v, B-i-b-

ßƒ, Nn-¥-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-

sb-√mw ]-Zm¿-∞-Øn-s‚ sh-

dpw D-Xv-∏-∂-ßƒ am-{X-am-Wv

F-∂-Xpw Rm≥ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®n-

cp-∂p. C-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-́ H-

cp h-iw Iq-Sn ]-cm-a¿-in-°m≥

Rm≥ B-{K-ln-°p-∂p. C-sX-

√mw ˛ a-\- v, B-i-bw, B-Z¿-

iw F-∂v Xp-S-ßn ]-d-bm-hp-∂-

sX-√mw ̨ k-aq-l-Øn¬ D-Z-bw

sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ, A-Xm-b-Xv, Nn-

¥-I-fpw B-i-b-ß-fpw k-aq-l-

Øn¬ D-b¿-∂p h-∂-t∏mƒ,

k-aq-l-tØ-bpw ù-Xn-I-tem-

I-tØ-bpw A-h Xn-cn-sI kzm-

[o-\n-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. C-Xn-\¿-

∞w, ù-Xn-I-am-b A-Sn-Ø-d-

bn¬ \n-∂pw D-b¿-∂p h-cp-∂

B-i-b-Øn-\pw Nn-¥-°pw, D-

b¿-∂p h-∂-Xn-\p ti-jw A-

Xn-t‚-Xm-b B-t]-£n-I kzm-

X-{¥y-ap-≠v F-∂m-Wv. D-b¿-

∂p h-cp-tºmƒ, Nn-¥-bpw B-

i-b-hpw k-aq-l-tØ-bpw ù-

Xn-I-tem-I-tØ-bpw, Xn-cn-®pw,

Zz-μzm-fl-I co-Xn-bn¬ kzm-[o-

\n-°p-∂p. H-cp D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn

]-d-bmw, kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-\p ti-

jw \-Ωp-sS cm-Py-Øv hy-h-km-

b-hpw Ir-jn-bpw A-S-ßp-∂ ap-

gp-h≥ k-º-Zv-hy-h-ÿ-bpw ap-

X-em-fn-Ø-kz-`m-hw B¿-÷n-

®p F-∂-Xm-Wv h-kv-Xp-X-sb-

¶n-epw, Nn-¥m-{I-aw, B-i-b-

ßƒ, s]-cp-am-‰w, io-e-ßƒ

Xp-S-ßn-b a-Wv-U-e-ß-fn-se-

√mw P-∑n-Ø A-h-ti-jn-∏p-

Iƒ \n-e-\n-∂p. A-Sn-Ø-d-bm-

bn ap-X-em-fn-Øw {]-Xy-£-s∏-

ń-́ pw, Nn-¥-I-fp-tS-bpw B-i-b-

ß-fp-tS-bpw a-Wv-U-e-Øn¬,

A-Xm-b-Xv D-]-cn-L-S-\-bn¬, P-

∑n-Ø B-i-b-ßƒ X-ßn-\n¬-

°p-∂-Xv Xp-S¿-∂p. C-Xn-\p Im-

c-Ww, B-i-b-ßƒ, B-Z¿-i-

ßƒ, Nn-¥-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bv-

s°-√m-ap-≈ B-t]-£n-I-am-b

kzm-X-{¥y-am-Wv. A-√m-sX A-

Xv km-[y-am-In-√. Cu Im-e-L-

´-Øn¬ C-t∏m-gpw k-aq-l-

Øn¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ lo-\-

am-b, Im-e-l-c-W-s∏-´ P-∑n-

Ø A-h-ti-jn-∏p-I-sf C-√m-bv-

a sN-øp-∂-Xv, tkm-jy-en-Ãv hn-

π-h-Øn-s‚ B-Z¿-i-Øm¬ {]-

tNm-Zn-X-am-b, F-Xn¿ Zn-i-bn-ep-

≈ H-cp B-i-b-k-a-cw \-S-Øp-

∂-Xn-eq-sS-tb km-[y-am-Iq.

C-Xv Im-Wn-®p X-cp-∂-Xv,


a-\- pw ]-Zm¿-∞-hpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ _-‘-Øn¬ ]-

Zm¿-∞-tem-I-am-Wv {]-Y-aw. a-\- v, B-i-b-ßƒ,Nn-¥-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-sb-√mw ]-Zm¿-∞-Øn-s‚ sh-

dpw D-Xv-∏-∂-ßƒ am-{X-am-Wv. Nn-¥-I-fpw B-i-b-ß-fpw k-aq-l-Øn¬ D-b¿-∂p h-∂-t∏mƒ, k-aq-l-

sØ-bpw ̀ u-Xn-I-tem-I-sØ-bpw A-h Xn-cn-sI kzm-[o-\n-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. C-Xn-\¿-∞w, ̀ u-Xn-I-am-b A-Sn-Ø-d-bn¬-\n-∂pw D-b¿-∂p-h-cp-∂ B-i-b-Øn-\pw

Nn-¥-°pw A-Xn-t‚-Xm-b B-t]-£n-I kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≠v F-∂m-Wv. Nn-¥-bpw B-i-b-hpw k-aq-l-tØ-

bpw ̀ u-Xn-I-tem-I-tØ-bpw, A-h Xn-cn-®pw, Zz-μzm-fl-I co-Xn-bn¬ kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p.

am¿-Iv-knksØ F-√m Zn-i-I-fn-tebv°pw hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-IF-∂-Xm-Wv IΩyq-Wn-Ãp-I-fp-sS I¿-Ø-hyw


sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 11

cm -Py-sØ i-‡n-s∏-Sp-

Øp-tam Im-iv-ao-cn-\p hn-I-k-

\w km-[y-am-°p-tam F-∂ hn-

j-b-ß-fn-te-°v I-S-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

ap-ºp-X-s∂ Cu D-Ø-c-hv cq-

]-s∏-´-Xn-s‚-bpw \-S-∏m-°n-b-

Xn-s‚-bpw co-Xn-bn¬-Ø-s∂

A-¥¿-̀ -hn-°p-∂ Kp-cp-X-c-am-b

P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-≤-X {]-Y-a-am-

bn ]-cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. {]-

kv-Xp-X ]-cn-tim-[-\ Cu \-S-

]-Sn-bp-sS e-£y-sØ-Ø-s∂

hy-‡-am-°p-I-bpw sN-øpw.

-B¿-°p-th-≠n-bm-tWm

Cu hn-I-k-\w sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-

Xv A-h-cn-sem-cm-tfm-Spt]m-epw

B¿-ń-°nƒ 370 d-±m-°p-∂-Xn-

s\ kw-_-‘n-®v N¿-® sN-

øm≥ tI-{μ-k¿-°m¿ ap-Xn¿-

∂n-√. G-Xv P-\-X-bp-sS \n-e-

\n¬-∏n-s\-bpw ̀ m-hn ̀ m-K-t[-b-

sØ-bpw kw-_-‘n-°p-∂-Xm-

tWm B P-\-hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚

A-\p-a-Xn tX-Sm-sX, F-¥n-\v

H-c-`n-{]m-bw t]m-epw tNm-Zn-

°m-sX 370mw h-Ip-∏v d-±m-°n-

s°m-≠v Xn-I-™ A-[n-Im-c-

Zp¿-hn-\n-tbm-K-Øn-\v t\-Xr-Xzw

\¬-In-b-h-cm-Wv A-gn-a-Xn-°pw

Ip-Spw-_-hm-gv-N-°p-sa-Xn-sc {]-

kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. h-en-b t\-´w

Im-iv-ao-cn-\p-≠m-Ip-sa-∂v A-h-

Im-i-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ B t\-́ -Øn-

s‚ t\-c-h-Im-in-I-fm-tI-≠-h¿-

°v Cu \-S-]-Sn H-cp t\-´-hpw

kr-jv-Sn-°n-√ F-∂m-Wv A-`n-

{]m-b-sa-¶n¬ hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚-

bpw P-\-t£-a-Øn-s‚-bpw h-

en-b h¿-Ø-am-\-ßƒ-°v H-c¿-

∞-hp-an-√. P-t\-—-sb-bpw P-\m-

`n-{]m-b-sØ-bpw tI-{μ-_n-μp-

hm-bn Im-Wm-sX-bp-≈ Xo-cp-

am-\w F-ß-s\-bm-Wv P-\-ß-

fp-sS ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bp-sS am¿-§-am-

hp-I. P-\-ß-sf hn-izm-k-Øn-

se-Sp-°m-sX-bpw H-∂-S-¶w P-

\-ß-sf {]-{In-b-bv-°p ]p-d-

Øp \n¿-Øn-bpw F-ßs\-bm-

Wv hn-I-k-\w km-[y-am-°p-I.

A-t∏mƒ k¿-°m¿ hn-i-Zo-I-

cn-°p-∂ hn-I-k-\w G-I-]-£o-

b-hpw A-Sn-t®¬-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xp-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v D-d-∏n-°mw.

{]-kv-Xp-X hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚ h-

gn F-s¥-∂v C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw Aw-

_m-\n t]m-ep-≈ h≥-In-S Ip-

Ø-I-I-fp-sS hm-°p-I-fn-eq-sS

]p-d-Øp-h-∂pI-gn-™p. Aw-

_m-\n-°pw Iq-́ ¿-°pw h-gn-sbm-

cp-°m≥ Iq-Sn-bp-≈-Xm-Wv {]-

tXy-I ]-Z-hn d-±m-°-se-∂v A-

h-cp-sS {]-Xn-I-c-W-ß-fn-¬\n-

∂v \-ap-°v a-\- n-em-°mw. Cu

tIm¿-∏-td-‰v kw-Lw cm-Py-Øn-

s‚ Im-iv-ao-scm-gn-sI-bp-≈ -`m-

K-ß-fn¬ \-S-Øn-bn-´p-≈ \n-

t£-]-hpw Nq-j-W-hpw cm-Py-

sa-ºm-Spw kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂ Zp-c-¥-

sa-s¥-∂v P-\-ßƒ A-\p-`-hn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A-

Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-

\-ß-sf-bpw Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Im-cm-Kr-l-am-bn am-dn-b

Im-iv-ao¿

\n¿-`-b-am-bn A-`n-{]m-bw

tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ A-h-k-cw

\¬-In-bm¬ Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X-

bp-sS _lp`q-cn-]-£-hpw {]-

tXy-I ]-Z-hn d-±m-°-en-s\ \n-

cm-I-cn-°p-sa-∂p am-{X-a-√, A-

W-s]m-́ n-b {]-Xn-tj-[-hp-am-bn

A-h¿ sX-cp-hn¬ h-cp-sa-∂v

hy-‡-am-bn A-dn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-

sIm-≠m-Wv tI-{μ ̀ -c-W-Iq-Sw,

I¿-i-\-am-b I¿-^yp h-gn Im-

iv-ao-cn-s\ H-∂m-sI H-cp Im-cm-

Kr-l-am-°n am-‰n-b-Xv. 370˛mw h-

Ip-∏v d-±m-°¬ \-S-]-Sn-°v ap-

t∂m-Sn-bm-bn B-K-Ãv 4 ap-X¬

Im-iv-ao-cn-se hm¿-Øm hn-\n-a-

b _-‘-ßƒ ap-gp-h≥ hn-t—-

Zn-®p. sS-e-t^m¨ F-Iv-k-tN-

©p-Iƒ ap-gp-h≥ {]-h¿-Ø-\-

c-ln-X-am-°n-s°m-≠v em‚ v

t^m-Wp-Iƒ \n-›-e-am-°n.

sam-ss_¬-t^m-¨ tk-h-\-

hpw C‚¿-s\-‰pw d-±m-°n. sS-

en-hn-j≥ Nm-\¬ irw-J-e-I-

fpw ]-{X-am-[y-ß-fpw ]q-ń. Im-

iv-ao-cn-se cm-jv-{So-b t\-Xm-°-

sf ap-gp-h≥ ho-´p-X-S-¶-en-em-

°n. cm-Py-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-]-£

t\-Xm-°ƒ-°v Im-iv-ao¿ ÿn-

Xn-K-Xn-Iƒ t\-cn¬-°-≠v a-\-

n-em-°m-\p-≈ A-h-k-cw \n-

tj-[n -®p. hn -am -\-Øm-h-f -

Øn¬\n-∂p-X-s∂ A-h-sc a-

S-°n A-b-®p. tem-I-sØ G-

‰-hpw ssk-\n-I-h¬-°-cn-°-

s∏-́ {]-tZ-i-am-bn Im-iv-ao¿ am-

dn. C-t∏mƒ G-Xm-≠v H-cp am-

kw ]n-∂n-Sp-tºm-gpw Cu ÿn-

Xn-K-Xn-I-fn¬ Im-cy-am-b am-‰w

h-∂n-ń-√. em‚ v t^m-Wp-Iƒ

{]-h¿-Øn-®p-Xp-S-ßn-b-Xm-bn

A-[n-Ir-X¿ A-dn-bn-®n-cp-∂p.

F-∂m¬ P-\-Po-hn-Xw km-[m-

c-W-\n-e-bn-te-°v a-S-ßn h-∂n-

ń-√ F-∂m-Wv dn-t∏m¿-´p-I-ƒ

kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. kv-Iq-fp-Iƒ

Xp-d-s∂-¶n-epw hn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ

F-Øn-t®-cm-Ø-Xn-\m¬ A-h

{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂n-√. tdm-Uv K-

Xm-K-Xw ]q¿-Æ-am-bn kv-Xw-`n-

® H-cp {]-tZ-i-Øv `-£y-h-kv-

Xp-°-fp-sS-bpƒ-∏-sS-bp-≈ N-c-

°p-\o-°-hpw \n-e-®n-´p-≠m-I-

W-a-t√m. I-S-I-tºm-f-ßƒ H-

cp am-k-am-bn A-S-™p-In-S-°p-

I-bm-Wv. 70 e-£w P-\-ß-fn¬

`q-cn-]-£-Øn-\pw a-cp-∂pw `-

£-W-hpw F-ßs\-bm-Wv e-

`y-am-hp-I? X-S-hp-]p-≈n-Iƒ-

°pt]m-epw `-£-W-hpw a-cp-

∂pw e-`n-°pw. bp-≤-ap-J-Øp-

t]m-epw Nn-In¬-k A-\p-h-Zn-

°-s∏-Spw. F-∂m¬ Im-iv-ao-cn-

se P-\-ßƒ-°v A-Xpw \n-tj-

[n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

370˛mw h-Ip-∏v Im-iv-ao¿

tIm¨-kv-‰n-‰yp-h‚ v

A-kw-_v-fn-bp-sS A-\p-a-Xn-

bn-√m-sX d-±m-°m-\m-hn-√

tI-{μ k¿-°m-cn-s‚ B-[n-

Im-cn-I A-`n-{]m-b-sa-∂ \n-e-

bn¬ \n-b-a a-{¥n c-hn i-¶¿

{]-km-Zv C≥-Uy-bn-se F-√m

]-{X-ßƒ-°p-am-bn \¬-In-b

te-J-\-Øn¬ 370˛mw h-Ip-∏v

Xm¬-°m-en-I hy-h-ÿ-sb-∂

\n-e-bn-em-Wv ̀ -c-W-L-S-\-bn¬

Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sX-∂v A-̀ n-{]m-

b-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. F-∂m¬ 370˛mw

h-Ip-∏n-s\ Xm¬-°m-en-I-am-°p-

∂ hy-h-ÿ C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W-

L-S-\-bn¬ F-hn-sS-bm-sW-∂v

A-t±-lw hy-‡-am-°n-bn-ń-√.

370˛mw h-Ip-∏v Xm¬-°m-en-I-am-

sW-∂p Im-Wn-°p-∂ bm-sXm-

∂pw C≥-Uy≥ ̀ -c-W-L-S-\-bn-

en-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv bm-Ym¿-∞yw.

-{]-ap-J ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-

\pw ]-fl-`q-j¨ A-hm¿-Uv

tPm-Xm-hp-am-b _¬-cm-Pv ]p-cn

Po-hn-X-Øn-se F-¥p Im-cy-

Øn-epw h-gn-Im-́ m-\p-≈ H-cp hy-

h-ÿm-]n-X ho-£-W-am-b, {]-

Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw F-∂p \mw hn-

fn-°p-∂-Xn-\v, H-cp Zn-im-kq-N-

I-am-b ]-¶p-≠v. h¿-K-hn-`-Pn-X-

am-b H-cp k-aq-l-Øn-se G-

sXm-cp {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-hpw

Xo¿-®-bm-bpw H-cp h¿-K {]-Xy-

b-im-kv-{X-tam, h¿-K-Nn-¥-tbm

B-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xv ]-d-tb-≠

Im-cy-an-√-t√m. k-aq-l-Øn-s‚

]p-tcm-K-Xn-°m-bp-≈ k-a-c-

Øn¬ G-Xp {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw

F-¥p ]-¶v h-ln-°p-sa-∂-Xv,

G-Xv {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-am-Wv i-

cn-bpw A-\p-]q-c-I-hpw, G-Xv {]-

Xy-b-im-kv-{X-am-Wv sX-‰v F-∂-

Xn-s\ B-{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. I-

Ωyq-Wn-Ãv {]-ÿm-\-Øn¬ {]-

Xy-b-im-kv-{X-k-a-c-Øn-\v \¬-

In-bn-́ p-≈ {]-tXy-I {]m-[m-\y-

Øn-s‚ Im-c-Ww C-Xm-Wv. i-

cn-bm-b {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-ap-≈

]m¿-ń, A-Xm-b-Xv {]-Xy-b-im-

kv-{X-]-c-am-bn G-‰-hpw D-∂-X-

\n-e-hm-cw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂ ]m¿-

ń-°p am-{X-ta, G-sXm-cp cm-Py-

Øn-epw hn-π-h-Øn-\p-≈ A-Sn-

Ø-d H-cp-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ i-cn-

bm-b t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Ip-hm-\pw,

hn-π-h-sØ hn-P-b-Øn-te-°v

\-bn-°m-\pw km-[n-°p-I-bp-

≈q. kw-L-S-\m-]-c-am-b A-Sn-

Ø-d, A-Xm-b-Xv, i-cn-bm-b {]-

Xy-b-im-kv-{X-sØ a-Xn-bm-b

kw-L-S-\m-i-‡n-bm-bn ]-cn-h¿-

Ø-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ th-≠ I-gn-

hv, {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ Ir-

Xy-X-sb B-{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

B-h¿-Øn-t°-≠ B-h-iy-an-

√, Cu Im-cyw sam-Ø-am-bpw

\n-›-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv kn-≤m-

¥-Øn-s‚-bpw {]-tbm-K-Øn-

t‚-bpw i-cn-bm-b Zz-μm-fl-I

kw-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-bm-Wv.

hn-⁄m-\-im-kv-{X-Øn-\v

Iq-Sp-X¬ h-i-ß-fp-≠v. ]-t£

A-Xn-s‚ k-Ø-sb-∂-Xv {]-

tbm-K-Øn-s‚ am-\-Z-Wv-U-am-

Wv. {]-Ir-Xn-im-kv-{X-Øn¬ {]-

Xy-£-hpw ]-tcm-£-hp-am-b ]-

co-£-W-ß-fp-≠v. ù-Xn-I-im-

kv-{Xw, c-k-X-{¥w, Po-h-im-kv-

{Xw, Xp-S-ßn-b ta-J-e-I-fn-se

]-co-£-W-Øn-s‚ co-Xn H-cp

X-c-Øn-em-Wv. tPym-Xn-im-kv-

{X-Øn-se ]-co-£-W-co-Xn-Iƒ

hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b X-c-Øn-em-Wv.

Cu im-kv-{X-]-co-£-W-ßƒ-

°v hn-hn-[ D-]-I-c-W-ßƒ ]T-

\-Øn-\m-bn B-h-iy-ap-≠v. t\-

cn-´p-≈ ]-co-£-W-Øn-\v ]-e-

X-c-Øn-ep-≈ D-]-I-c-W-ßƒ D-

]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. A-Xv ]-

t£ hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b H-cp Im-

cy-am-Wv. ]-t£ ]T-\-ta-J-e

F-¥p-X-s∂-bm-I-s´, F-√mw ]-

co-£-W-Øn-eq-sS sX-fn-bn-°-

s∏-Sm≥ _m-[y-ÿ-am-Wv. A-

√m-sX k-Xyw \n¿-Æ-bn-°m-

\m-In-√. {]-tbm-K-Øn-s‚-bpw

]-co-£-W-Øn-s‚-bpw Cu h-

iw am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn-epw H-gn-hm-

°m-\m-Im-Ø-Xm-Wv. F-∂m¬

A-Xp-sIm-≠v Cu ]-co-£-W-

ßƒ, {]-Ir-Xn-im-kv-{X-ß-fn¬

]-co-£-W-im-e-bn¬ \-S-Øp-

∂ ]-co-£-W-ßƒ t]m-se-

bm-sW-∂v \n-ßƒ I-cp-X-cp-Xv.

am¿-Iv-kn-k-Øn¬ {]-tbm-K-

Øn-\p \¬-Ip-∂ {]m-[m-\yw

Im-c-Ww, A-Xm-b-Xv F-√m kn-

≤m-¥-hpw {]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS

sX-fn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-sW-∂ h-

kv-Xp-X aq-ew, kn-≤m-¥-hpw {]-

tbm-K-hpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ ]-c-kv-]-

c-{]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s‚ ]-¶n-s\-

°p-dn-®p-≈ i-cn-bm-b [m-c-W

D-≠m-tI-≠-Xv h-f-sc B-h-iy-

am-Wv.

(10˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v)


(tijw A-Sp-Ø e-°-Øn¬)

370˛mw h-Ip-∏v d-±m°bXn-s\-Xnsc BKÃv 6\vB-e∏p-g SuWn¬ \-S-∂ {]-IS\w

Im --iv-ao-cn-\v {]-tXy-I ]-Z-hn \¬-In-s°m-≠p-≈ ̀ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS 370˛mw h-Ip-∏pw ÿn-c-Xm-a-k-°m¿-°v {]-tXy-I A-h-Im-i-ßƒ \¬-Ip-∂ 35 F h-Ip-

∏pw d-±m-°n-s°m-≠p-≈ D-Ø-c-hv cm-jv-{S-]-Xn ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®-Xv C-°-gn-™ B-K-Ãv 5\v B-bn-cp-∂p. Cu \-S-]-Sn- cm-Py-sØ i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv

kzm-X-{¥y-Zn-\-Øn-s‚ X-te-∂v H-c-`n-ap-J-Øn¬ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´-Xv.kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ i-‡n-Iƒ Du-‰w-sIm-≈p-∂-Xm-I-s´, -H-cp cm-jv-{Sw H-cp `-c-W-

L-S-\ H-cp ]-Xm-I- F-∂ e-£y-Øn-te-°v \mw Ip-Xn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂m-Wv. Ip-Spw-_-hm-gv-N-°m-cpw A-gn-a-Xn-°m-cpw hn-I-k-\w X-S-™-h-cp-am-b cm-jv-{So-b-°m-

cn¬ \n-∂pw Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ tam-Nn-∏n-°p-I F-∂-Xm-Wv Cu \-S-]-Sn-bp-sS e-£y-sa-∂pw C-\n Im-iv-ao-cn¬ hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚ Zn-\-ß-fm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂p-am-Wv tI-

{μ-k¿-°m-cn-s‚ h-‡m-°ƒ {]-N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

Imiv-ao¿: {]-iv-\hpw ]-cn-lm-chpw

12 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ {]-kn-≤-am-b

"Im-iv-ao¿, I-em-]-Øn-te-°v-'

F∂ Ir-Xn-bn¬ C-{]-Im-cw ]-

d-bp-∂p: -C≥-Uy≥ tIm¨-kv-

‰n-‰yph‚ v A-kw-ªn-t°m A-

s√-¶n¬ Xp-S¿-∂p-h-cp-∂ ]m¿-

e-sa‚n-t\m B¿-ń-°nƒ 370 d-

±p-sN-øp-∂-Xn-t\m ]-cn-jv-I-cn-

°p-∂-Xn-t\m `-c-Wm-L-S-\m-]-

c-am-b A-h-Im-i-an-√. Cu A-

h-Im-iw tÃ-‰n-s‚ tIm¨-kv-

‰n-‰yph‚ v A-kw-ªn-°v am-{X-

ap-≈-Xm-Wv. P-Ωp B‚ v Im-

iv-ao-cn-\v {]-tXy-I `-c-W-L-S-

\m ]-Z-hn \¬-In-bn-´p-≈-Xv

C≥-Uym K-h¨-sa‚-√, a-dn-®v

1935se K-h -̈sa‚ v Hm-̂ v C≥-

Uy- B-Iv-‰n-se {]-k‡-`m-K-

ßƒ, 1947se C≥-Uy≥ C≥-

Un-s]‚≥-kv B-Iv-‰,v 1947se

C≥-Uy-bp-sS Xm¬-°m-en-I `-

c-W-L-S-\, cm-Pm l-cn-knw-Kv

H-∏n-́ kw-tbm-P-\-I-cm¿ F-∂n-

h-bm¬ A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-́ n-́ p-≈-

Xm-Wv-.

Cu h-kv-Xp-X-I-fn¬\n-∂v

h-f-sc hy-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv 370˛mw

h-Ip-∏v ÿn-c-am-tWm Xm¬-

°m-en-I-am-tWm F-∂-Xv kw-

ÿm-\ K-h -̈sa‚p-I-fp-sS(\m-

´p cm-Py-ß-fp-sS) Xo-cp-am-\-

sØ am-{Xw B-{i-bn-®p\n-e-

\n¬-°p-∂ Im-cy-am-sW-∂m-

Wv. 2019 B-K-Ãv 5 h-sc Im-iv-

ao¿ F-∂ H-cp tÃ-‰v K-h¨-

sa‚ v am-{X-ta cm-Py-Øv A-Ø-

c-Øn¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p-≠m-

bn-cp-∂p-≈q. B K-h¨-sa‚n-

\pam-{X-ta B¿-ń-°nƒ 370 \n-

e-\n¿-Ø-W-tam th-≠-tbm F-

∂v Xo-cp-am-\n-°m-\m-hq. Im-iv-

ao¿ C≥-Uy-bp-sS A-hn-`m-Py

`m-K-am-sW-∂v Im-iv-ao¿ `-c-W-

L-S-\-bp-sS c-≠mw `m-Kw aq-

∂mw h-Ip-∏n¬ ]-d-bp-∂p-sh-

∂pw A-Xv Xn-cp-Øm≥ kw-

ÿm-\ \n-b-a-k-`-bv-°v A-[n-

Im-c-an-s√-∂pw tI-{μ \n-b-a a-

{¥n Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v. C-Xv

370˛mw h-Ip-∏n-s\ A-{]-k-‡-

am-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv A-t±-lw

A-`n -{]m-b-s∏-Sp -∂-Xv. C≥-

Uy≥ bq-Wn-b-\p-am-bp-≈ Im-

iv-ao-cn-s‚ i-‡-am-b _-‘w

\n¿-Δ-Nn-°p-∂ Cu h-Ip-∏v F-

ßn-s\-bm-Wv C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W-

L-S-\-bp-sS 370˛mw h-Ip-∏n-s‚

{]-k-‡n \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-

sX∂v A-t±-lw hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-

∂n-√. tI-{μ _n-sP-]n `-c-W-

Øn-s‚ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ A-

cpw-sIm-e-sN-øp-∂ Cu \-S-]-

Sn-°v a-Xn-bm-b Im-c-Ww Nq-≠n-

°m-Wn-°m-\n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv C-

Xv sX-fn-bn-°p-∂-Xv. {]-tXy-I

]-Z-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b C≥-Uy-bp-

sS A-hn-`m-Py-`m-K-am-Wv Im-iv-

ao¿. k-am-\-am-b-tXm hy-Xy-kv-

X-X-Iƒ D-≈-tXm B-b {]-

tXy-I ]-Z-hn A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂

]-e kw-ÿm-\-ßfpap -≠v.

C≥-Uy-bp-sS A-hn-`m-Py `m-K-

am-Wv Im-iv-ao-¿ F∂-Xv A¿-

∞-i-¶-°n-S-bn-√m-sX hy-‡-am-

°p-∂-Xm-Wv 1947 ap-X¬ C-

t∏mƒ h-sc-bpw Im-iv-ao-cn-se

`q-cn-]-£w P-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw \n-

e-]m-Sv.370˛mw h-Ip-∏n-s‚

N-cn-{X-sa-¥v?

Im-iv-ao-cn-\v {]-tXy-I ]-Z-

hn \¬-In-s°m-≠p-≈ `-c-W-

L-S-\-bp-sS 370˛mw h-Ip-∏pw

ÿn-c-Xm-a-k-°m¿-°v {]-tXy-I

A-h-Im-i-ßƒ \¬-Ip-∂ 35

F h-Ip-∏pw N-cn-{X-]-c-hpw h-

kv-Xp-\n-jvT-hp-am-b B-h-iy-I-

X-sb ap≥-\n¿-Øn kz-m`m-hn-I-

am-bn cq-]-s∏-́ ph-∂-Xm-Wv. Im-

iv-ao-cn tZ-io-b A-kv-Xn-Xzw th-

dn-́ H-∂p-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. cm-

P-hm-gv-N-°pw km-{am-Py-Xz-Øn-

\p-sa-Xn-sc-bp-≈ t]m-cm-´-Øn-

eq-sS P-\-ßƒ t\-Sn-b ]p-tcm-

K-a-\˛P-\m-[n-]-Xy˛a-tX-X-c aq-

ey-ßƒ Zp¿-∫-e-a-m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-

epw A-Xn-s‚ A-Sn-Ø-d-bn¬

cp-]-s∏-´ H-∂m-bn-cp-∂p Im-iv-

ao-cn tZ-io-b-X. Cu t]m-cm-´-

Øn-s‚ \m-b-I-ÿm-\-Øp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂ cm-jv-{So-b-{]-ÿm-

\-am -b, ap -…nw \m -j-\¬

tIm -̈̂ -d≥-kv B t]-cv D-t]-

£n-®v \m-j-\¬ tIm¨-^-

d≥-kv F-∂ t]cv kzo-I-cn-®-

Xv cm-P-hv-gv-N-s°-Xn-cm-b ap-t∂-

‰-Øn-s‚ D-b¿-∂ L-´-Øn-em-

Wv. F-√m hn-`m-K-Øn-ep-w-s]-

´ Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-X-bp-sS P-\m-

[n-]-Xy {]-ÿm-\-am-bn A-Xv

D-b¿-∂-ph-∂p. \m-j-\¬ tIm-

¨-^-d≥-kn-epw A-Xn-s‚ k-

ap-∂-X-\m-b t\-Xm-hv sj-bv-

°v A-_v-Zp-≈-bn-epw _-lp-P-

\-ß-sfm-∂m-sI A¿-∏n-® hn-

izm-k-Øn¬ Cu Im-iv-ao-cn

tZ-io-b A-kv-Xn-Xzw {]-Xn-^-

en-®n-cp-∂p.

a-X-sØ A-Sn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bp-≈ cm-jv-{S-cq-]o-I-c-W-

Øn-s‚ ho-£-W-tØm-Sv H-´pw

\n-c-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√ Im-iv-

ao-cn-se P-\-X-bp-sS hn-Im-c-

ßƒ. 1947se ]m-°n-ÿm≥

B-{I-a-W-sØ, X-ß-fp-sS kz-

X-{¥-am-b \n-e-\n¬-∏n-s‚ ta-

ep-≈ I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-am-bm-Wv

Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ßƒ I-≠-

Xv. \m-j-\¬ tIm -̈̂ -d≥-kn-

s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ P-\-Io-b

sN-dp-Øp-\n¬-∏v kw-L-Sn-∏n-

°m≥ A-h¿ ap-t∂m-´p-h-∂-Xv

A-Xn-\m-em-Wv. B-{I-a-W-Im-

cn-I-sf Xp-c-Øp-hm≥ C≥-Uy-

bp-sS k-lm-bw tX-Sp-tºm-gpw

X-ß-fp-sS kz-X-{¥-am-b A-kv-

Xn-Xzw D-t]-£n-®p-sIm-≠-√

A-h¿ A-Xn-\v ap-Xn¿-∂-Xv.

C≥-Uy≥ tZ-io-b-X-bp-am-bn-

hy-Xn-c-‡-am-b A-kv-Xn-Xzw \n-

e-\n¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂- Cu Im-iv-

ao-cn tZ-io-b-X-bp-sS Aw-Ko-

Im -c -sa -∂ \n -e -bn -em -Wv

370˛mw h-Ip-∏v P-∑-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv.

Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ßƒ-°v A-

h-cp-sS Po-hn-X-sØ, kz-¥w

B-{K-l-ß-fpw B-h-iy-I-X-I-

fpw ap≥-\n¿-Øn {I-ao-I-cn-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-≈ A-h-Im-iw \¬-

In-s°m-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv {]-kv-Xp-

X h-Ip-∏v.

C≥-Uy kz -X- {¥-am -Ip -

tºmƒ \m-´p-cm-Py-am-bn-cp-∂

Im-iv-ao-cn-se A-∂-sØ a-lm-

cm-Pm l-cn knw-Kv Xp-S-°-

Øn¬ Im-iv-ao¿, C≥-Uy≥ bq-

Wn-b-\n-tem ]m-°n-ÿm-\n-

tem tN-cm-sX kz-X-{¥-am-bn

\n-e-\n¬-°m-\m-Wv Xo-cp-am-\n-

®n-cp-∂-Xv. F-∂p am-{X-hp-a-√

]m-°n-ÿm-\p-am-bn -Ãm‚ v

Ãn¬- (A-Xm-b-Xv \n-e-hn-ep-

≈ ÿn-Xn Xp-S-cm-\p-≈ A-Y-

hm kz-X-{¥-am-bn \n-e-\n¬-

°m-\p-≈) I-cm-dn¬ cm-Pm l-

cn knw-Kv H-∏n-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-

cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ ]m-°n-ÿm≥

Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ B-{I-an-°p-I-bpw

_-e-{]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS A-h-

tcmSv tN¿-°m≥ {i-an-°p-I-

bpw sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ C≥-Uy-bp-

sS k-lm-bw tX-Sm≥ l-cn

knw-Kv \n¿-∫-‘n-X-\m-hp-I-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. Im-iv-ao¿ C≥-Uy-bp-

sS `m-Km-am-Im-\p-≈ I-cm-dn¬

H-∏n-́ p-sIm-≠pam-{X-ta ssk-\n-

I-k-lm-bw \¬-Im-\m-hq F-

∂v \n-e-]m-sS-Sp-Ø A-∂-sØ

C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-

\v h-g-ßn-s°m-≠v I-cm-dn¬

(Instrument of Accession) cm-

Pm-hv H-∏n-Sp-I-bm-Wv sN-bv-X-Xv.

Cu kw-tbm-P-\-I-cm-dn-s‚ h-

Ip-∏v aq-∂n¬ {]-Xn-tcm-[w,

hm¿-Øm-hn-\n-a-bw, hn-tZ-i-Im-

cyw F-∂o hn-j-b-ß-fn-sem-gn-

sI a-s‰m-cp hn-j-b-Øn-epw Im-

iv-ao-cn-s\ kw-_-‘n-®v \n-b-a-

\n¿-Ωm-Ww \-S-Øm≥ C≥-

Uy≥ sUm-ao-\n-b-\v A-h-Im-

i-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-X-√ F-∂v

hy-‡-am-bn tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. C≥-kv-{Sp-sa‚ v Hm-̂ v

A-Iv-k-j-s‚ D-≈-S-°-sØ-

bpw hn-Im-c-sØ-bpw Dƒ-s°m-

≠p-sIm-≠m-Wv 370˛mw h-Ip-∏v

`-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ tN¿-°-s∏-´-

Xv. Im-iv-ao-cn-s‚ kz-bw-`-c-W-

hpw th-dn-́ A-kv-Xn-Xz-hpw Aw-

Ko-I-cn-°m≥ C≥-Uy X-øm-dm-

b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv {]-kv-Xp-X I-

cm¿ D-≠m-b-Xv. Im-iv-ao-cn-se

P-\-ßƒ-°v \¬-In-b D-d-∏n-

s‚-bpw A-h-cp-sS tZ-io-b A-

kv-Xn-Xz-tØm-Sp-≈ B-Z-c-hn-

s‚-bpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv

`-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ 370˛mw h-Ip-

∏v tN¿-°-s∏-´-Xv.

Im-iv-ao¿ kw-tbm-P-\ I-

cm¿ H-∏n-´-Xv A-∂-sØ cm-Pm-

hm-bn-cp-∂ l-cn knw-Km-bn-cp-

s∂-¶n-epw Im-iv-ao-cn-s‚ kzm-

X-{¥y-{]-t£m-`-Øn-\v s\-Sp-

\m-b-I-Xzw h-ln-®n-cp-∂ \m-j-

\¬ tIm¨-^-d≥-kpw A-Xn-

s‚ t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂ sj-bv-°v

ap-l-Ω-Zv A-_v-Zp-≈-bp-am-Wv,

Im-iv-ao¿ C≥-Uy≥ bq-Wn-b-

s‚ `m-K-am-I-sW-∂ \n-e-]m-Sv

kzo-I-cn-°m≥ P-\-ß-sf {]-

_p-≤-am-°n-b-Xv. P-Ωp B‚ v

Im-iv -ao -cn -s‚ tIm¨-kv -‰n -

‰yph‚ v A-kwvªnbp-sS {]-Y-

a sk-j-\n¬ (1951) sj-bv-°v

A-_v-Zp -≈ C-{]-Im-cw ]-d-

™p: -""C≥-Uy≥ bq-Wn-b-

\n¬ tN-cm-\p-≈ a-lm-cm-P l-

cn-knw-Kn-s‚ Xo-cp-am-\w \n-b-

a-]-c-am-b km-[p-X-bp-≈-Xm-

tWm A-√-tbm? C≥-Uy≥ bq-

Wn-b-\n-ep-≈ Iq-Sn-t®-c-en-s‚

\n-b-a-km-[p-X-sb kw-_-‘n-

®v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-s∏-́ -tXm kz-

X-{¥-am-b-tXm B-b H-cp hy-

‡n-tbm A-[n-Im-c-tI-{μ-tam

tNm-Zyw sN-bv-Xn-ń-√. C≥-Uy-

bp-am-bp-≈ ̀ -c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-am-

b \-Ωp-sS h¿-Ø-am-\-Im-e

_-‘-ß-fp-sS km-[y-X-sb

kw-_-‘n-®v \n-ßƒ-°-dn-bm-

sa-∂-Xn¬ H-cp kw-i-b-hp-an-√.

C≥-Uy-bp-am-bn _-‘p-Xzw D-

≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \-Ωƒ A-

`n-am-\n-°p-∂p. C≥-Uy≥ `-c-

W-L-S-\ H-cp s^-U-d¬ bq-

Wn-b≥ \¬-In-bn-cn-°p-∂-tXm-

sSm-∏w ]-c-am-[n-Im-c-ß-fp-sS

hn-X-c-W-Øn¬ A-Xv \-Ω-sf

a-‰v L-S-I-ß-fn¬ \n-∂v hy-Xy-

kv-X-am-bn k-ao-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

kw-tbm-P-\-I-cm-dn¬ hy-‡-am-

°n-bn-´p-≈ {]-Xn-tcm-[w, hn-tZ-

i Im-cyw, hm¿-Øm h-\n-a-bw

F-∂o hn-j-b-ß-sfm-gn-sI, a-

s‰-√m Im-cy-Øn-epw \-Ωƒ B-

{K-ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp-≈ H-

cp `-c-W-L-S-\ kr-jv-Sn-°m≥

\-ap-°v ]q¿-Æ kzm-X-{¥y-ap-

≠v. \-Ωp-sS P-\-X-bp-sS ap-t∂-

‰-Øn-\pth-≠n H-cp s]m-Xp-hm-

b {]-b-Xv-\-Øn-se \-√ ]-¶m-

fn-I-sf-∂ \n-e-bn¬ Po-hn-°m-

\pw ]p-tcm-K-an-°m-\pw Im-iv-ao-

cn P-\-X-bp-sS an-I-hm¿-∂ ]m-

c-º-cy-Øn-\pw _p-≤n-ssh-`-h-

Øn-\pw A-\p-kr-X-am-bn \-Ωp-

sS cm-Py-sØ \n¿-Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-

\m-bn kz-bw-`-c-W-sØ Im-

Øp-c-£n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm-∏w a-

l-Øm-b Cu Zu-Xy-Øn¬

s^-U-d¬ k-l-I-c-W-hpw k-

lm-b-hpw tX-Sm-\pw D-d-∏m-°m-

\p-ap-≈ \-Ωp-sS A-h-Im-iw

ÿm-]n-®pw ]-cn-]q¿-Æ k-l-

I-c-W-hpw k-lm-b-hpw bq-Wn-

b-\v \¬-In-s°m-≠pw th-Ww

bq-Wn-b-\p-am-bn D-Nn-X-am-b `-

c-Wm-L-S-\m {I-ao-I-c-W-ßƒ

cq -]-s∏-Sp -tØ-≠-Xv F-∂v

Rm≥ \n¿-t±-in-°p-∂p. Cu ]-

c-kv-]-c [m-c-W-bp-sS-bpw hy-

Imiv-ao¿ hn-j-b-Øn¬ BKÃv 6\v tIm´-bw Su-Wn¬F-kvbp-kn-sF(kn) Pn√m sk-{I´-dn k-Jm-hv

an-\n sI.^n-en-∏n-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \-S-∂ {]-IS\w

a-X-sØ A-Sn-ÿm-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-≈ cm-jv-{S-cq-]o-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ ho-£-W-tØm-Sv H-´pw \n-c-°p-∂-

Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√ Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\ßfp-sS hn-Im-c-w. 1947se ]m-°n-ÿm≥ B-{I-a-W-sØ, X-ß-

fp-sS kz-X-{¥-am-b \n-e-\n¬-∏n-s‚ ta-ep-≈ I-S-∂m-{I-a-W-am-bm-Wv Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ßƒ I-

≠-Xv. B-{I-a-W-Im-cn-I-sf Xp-c-Øp-hm≥ C≥-Uy-bp-sS k-lm-bw tX-Sp-tºm-gpw X-ß-fp-sS kz-

X-{¥-am-b A-kv-Xn-Xzw D-t]-£n-®p-sIm-≠-√ A-h¿ A-Xn-\v ap-Xn¿-∂-Xv.

(11˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v)


Imiv-ao-cn-se a-\p-jym-hIm-i ew-L-\-ß-ƒ am-∏¿-ln-°mØXv

sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 13

h-ÿ-I-fp-sS-bpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-

Øn-em-Wv 370˛mw h-Ip-∏v cq-]o-

I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw `-c-W-

L-S-\-°p-≈n¬ P-Ωp B‚ v

Im-iv-ao-cn-\v {]-tXy-I ]-Z-hn

\¬-I-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw G-

h-cpw Hm¿-°-Ww-.''

ho-≠pw A-t±-lw ]-d-bp-

∂p: ""H-cp cm-jv-{S-Øn-s‚ b-

Ym¿-∞ kz-`m-hw A-Xn-s‚ `-

c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ hy-‡-am-°-

s∏-Spw. H-cp t -̀Z-hp-an-√m-sX G-

h¿-°pw \o-Xn-bp-w kzm-X-{¥y-

hpw k-a-Xz-hpw A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-

°n-b a-tX-X-c P-\m-[n-]-Xy-

Øn -s‚ e-£y-am -Wv C≥-

Uy≥ `-c-W-L-S-\ cm-Py-Øn-

\pap-ºn¬ Im-́ p-∂-Xv. B-[p-\n-

I P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ B-[m-

c-in-e-bm-Wn-Xv... hy-Xy-kv-X a-

X-hn-̀ m-K-ßƒ-°n-S-bn¬ kr-jv-

Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ A-kz-̀ m-hn-I-am-b

hn-≈¬ km-{am-Py-XzØn-s‚

A-h-ti-jn-∏m-Wv. ]p-tcm-K-Xn-

bpw A-̀ yp-∂-Xn-bpw e-£yw h-

bv-°p-∂ H-cm-[p-\n-I cm-jv-{S-

Øn-\pw Ir-{Xn-a-am-b hn-`-P-\-

ß-sf t{]m¬-km-ln-∏n-°m-\m-

hn-√. a-[y-Im-e-L-´-Øn-te-°p-

≈ Xn-cn-®p-t]m-°m-b am-X-cm-

{„ hm-Z-sØ hy-‡-am-bpw X-

≈n-°-f-™p-sIm-≠v a-Xw, Pm-

Xn, h¿-Æw, -h¿-§w F-∂n-h-

s°-√mw A-Xo-X-am-bn F-√m

]u-c-∑m-cp-sS-bpw Xp-ey-h-Im-i-

sØ C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W-L-S-\

kw-c-£n-°p-∂p... \-Ωp-sS tZ-

io-b {]-t£m-`-hpw kz-`m-hn-I-

am-bpw a-tX-X-c P-\m-[n-]-Xy-

Øn-s‚ Cu aq-ey-ß-fn-te-°m-

Wv B-I¿-jn-°-∏-Sp-∂-Xv...-\-

Ωƒ C≥-Uy-tbm-Sm-Wv Iq-ń-

t®¿-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv F-∂-Xn-

\m¬ P-∑n-Xz-Øn-s‚-bpw G-

Im-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚-bpw D-bn¿-

sØ-gp-t∂¬-∏n-s‚ B-]-Øv

C-\n-bp-≠-m-hn-√..Ir-jn-°m¿-°v

`q-an F-∂ e-£yw \-ap-°v hn-

P-bn-∏n-°-Ww. ̀ q-{]-̀ p Iq-́ p-sI-

ń‚ `-c-W-ap-≈ ]m-°n-ÿm≥

\-Ωp-sS km-º-Øn-I ˛ Im¿-

jn-I ]-cn-jv-Im-c-ß-sf Aw-Ko-

I-cn-°p-tam?''

]m-°n-ÿm-t\m-sSm-∏-a-√, a-

tX-X-c-`m-c-X-tØm-sSm-∏-am-Wv

\n-e-sIm-t≈-≠-sX-∂ N-cn-{X-

]-c-am-b ]mTw Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-

ß-sf B-h¿-Øn-®v ]Tn-∏n-®

sj-bv-°v A-_v-Zp-≈-bp-sS hm-

°p-I-fm-Wn-h. P-Ωp˛Im-i-ao¿

tIm¨-kv-‰n -‰yph‚ v A-kw-

ªnbn-te-°p \-S-∂ sX-c-s™-

Sp-∏n¬ \m-j-W¬ tIm¨-^-

d≥-kv ap-gp-h≥ ko-‰n-epw hn-

P-bn-®-Xn-s\ C≥-Uy≥ bq-Wn-

b-\n¬ tN-c-W-sa-∂ \m-j-

\¬ tIm¨-^-d≥-kn-s‚ \n-e-

]m-Sn-\p-≈ Aw-Ko-I-m-c-am-bpw

Im-Wm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

B¿-ń-°nƒ 370s\

Zp¿-∫-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xpw

Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-ß-sf A-Sn-®-

a¿-Øn-b-Xpw C≥-Uy≥

tZ-io-b-X-bp-am-bp-≈

DZv-{K-Y-\w A-km-[y-am-°n

]m-°n-ÿm-\pw a-X-au-en-I

i-‡n-I-fpw \-S-Øn-b F-√m

{]-Nm-c-W-ß-sf-bpw X-≈n-°-f-

™p-sIm-≠,v C≥-Uy-bp-sS A-

hn-`m-Py `m-K-am-Im≥ D-b¿-∂

{]-Xo-£-I-tfm-sS H-cn-°¬ Xo-

cp-am-\w ssI-s°m-≠ Im-iv-ao-

cn-se P-\-ßƒ C-∂v \n-cm-i-

cm-Wv. C-∂v C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W-

Iq-S-Øn-s‚ F-√m L-S-I-ß-

tfm-Spw Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-X-°p-≈-

Xv B-g-Øn-ep-≈ A-hn-izm-k-

hpw A-Xr-]v-Xn-bp-am-Wv. A-]-

am-\n-X-cp-sS {h-Wn-X-a-t\m-L-

S-\-bm-Wv `q-cn-]-£w t]-sc-

bpw \-bn-°p-∂-Xv. I-Sp-Ø A-

\y-Xm-t_m-[-hpw, \n-cm-{i-b-Xz-

hpw P-\-ß-fp-sS am-\-kn-Im-

tcm-Ky-sØ Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn _m-

[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. C-Ø-c-sam-cp Zp-

c-h-ÿ-bn-te-°v Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-

ß-sfm-∂m-sI \n-]-Xn-®-Xv F-

¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv? A-h-cn¬ h-

f-sc sN-dp-sX-¶n-epw H-cp hn-

`m-Kw hn-L-S-\-hm-Zn-I-fpw kz-

X-{¥ Im-iv-ao¿ cm-Pyw F-∂

ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-ap-b¿-Øp-∂-h-cp-am-

bn F-ß-s\ am-dn? C≥-Uy≥

]-´m-f-Øn-\pt\-sc I-s√-dn-bp-

∂-h-cpw sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v {]-{In-

b-bn¬ hn-izm-k-an-√m-Ø `q-cn-

`m-K-am-bpw F-ßs\ am-dn?

Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\-sØ C-

∂pIm-Wp-∂ Kp-cp-X-c-am-b am-

\-Øn-te-°v h-j-fm-°n-b-Xv

tI-{μw `-cn-®n-cp-∂ tIm¨-{K-

v k¿-°m-cp-I-fm-Wv. A-tX

k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS ]m-X-bn¬-

Ø-s∂-bm-Wv Xp-S¿-∂pw C-S-

°m-e-Øpw A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬h-

∂ a‰v k¿-°m-cp-I-fpw \o-ßn-

b-Xv. C-t∏mƒ _n-sP-]n kzo-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xpw {]-kv-Xp-X \-b-

ß-fp-sS Xp-S¿-® X-s∂-bm-Wv.

1947-̨ -se h-kv-Xp-\n-jvT-am-b cm-

jv-{So-b km-l-N-cyw ]-cn-K-Wn-

®v Im-i-ao-cn-\v {]-tXy-I ]-Z-

hn \¬-Ip-∂ B¿-ń-°nƒ 370

C≥-Uy≥ `-c-W-L-S-\-bn¬

Dƒ-t®¿-°m≥ A-∂-sØ tZ-

io-b t\-Xr-Xzw X-øm-dm-sb-¶n-

epw A-Xn-s\ Zp¿-∫-e-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂ \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ Xp-S-°w-ap-

X-te D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B¿-F-kv-

F-kn-\p am-{X-a-√, tIm¨-{K-

v t\-Xm-°-fn¬ K-Wy-am-b H-

cp hn-`m-K-Øn-\pw G-dn-b ]-¶v

_yq-tdm-{Im-‰p-Iƒ-°pw `-c-W-

L-S-\- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b \m-fp-I-

fn¬-Ø-s∂ 370˛mw h-Ip-∏v Xp-

S-cp-∂-Xn¬ F-Xn¿-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p-sh-∂v A-°m-e-sØ tc-J-

Iƒ ]-cn-tim-[n-®m¬ a-\- n-em-

°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Im-iv-ao-cn P-

\-X-bp-sS kz-X-{¥-am-b A-kv-

Xn-Xz-sØ I-W-°n-se-Sp-°m-

sX, G-Xpam¿-t§-\-bpw Im-iv-

ao-cn-s\ C≥-Uy-bn-se C-X-c

kw-ÿm-\-ß-fp-sS ]Zhn-te-°v

sIm-≠p-h-c-W-sa-∂ e-£yw

h-®p-sIm-≠v `-c-W-t\-Xr-Xz-

Øn-se H-cp hn-`m-Kw i-‡-am-

bn -{]-h¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ C-¥y≥ bq-Wn-

b-\n¬ e-bn-∏n-°m-\m-bn A-h¿

I-cp-°ƒ \o-°n. a-dp-h-i-Øv

sj-bv-°v A-_p-Zp-≈-bm-I-s´

{]-tXy-I ]-Z-hn kw-c-£n-

°m≥ \n-›-bn-®p-d-∏n-®v \o-ßn.

Xm-gv-h-c-bn-se P-\-ßƒ {]-tXy-

I ]-Z-hn F-∂-Xn-s\ "B-km-

Zn-' F-∂ A-`n-em-j-Øn-\v X-

Øp-ey-am-bm-Wv Im-Wp-∂-sX-

∂v A-t±-l-Øn-\v A-dn-bm-am-bn-

cp-∂p. A-Xn-\m¬ {]-tXy-I ]-

Z-hn F-∂ k-ao-]-\-Øn¬ sh-

≈w-tN¿-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂ \n-e-

]m-Sv A-±-lw kzo-I-cn-®p. Cu

ssh-cp-≤y-am-Wv, sj-bv-°v A-

_v-Zp-≈-sb ÿm-\-`r-jv-S-\m-

°p-∂-Xn-te-°pw X-S-hn-em-°p-

∂-Xn-te-°pw \-bn-®-Xv. hn-hn-

[ L-´-ß-fn-em-bn \o-≠ 20

h¿-j-am-Wv A-t±-lw Xp-dp-¶n-

e-S-bv-°-s∏-́ -Xv. a-tX-X-c cm-Py-

am-b C≥-Uy-tbm-sSm-∏w \n-e-

sIm-t≈-≠-Xn-s‚ B-h-iy-I-

X Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-ß-sf t_m-

[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-b A-tX t\-Xm-hv

]m-°v G-P-s‚-∂v ap-{Z-Ip-Ø-

s∏-´-Xpw Xp-dp-¶-e-S-bv-°-s∏-´-

Xpw Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-ß-fp-sS lr-

Z-b-Øn-t\¬-∏n-® ap-dn-hv \n- m-

c-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.

X-ß-fp-sS A-̀ n-am-\-t_m-[-

sØ-bpw A-¥- n-s\-bpw \n-

c-¥-c-am-bn N-hn-ń-sa-Xn-°p-∂

A-\p-`-hw tI-{μw `-cn-®n-cp-∂

tIm -̈{K- v k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS-

bpw Xp-S¿-∂p-h-∂ F√mk¿-

°m-cp-I-fp-sS-bpw `m-K-Øp-\n-

∂v Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ßƒ-°v

t\-cn-tS-≠n h-∂p. sj-bv-°v A-

_v-Zp-≈-bp-sS A-d-Ãv, Im-iv-ao-

cn-s‚ ]-cn-]q¿-Æ e-b-\w F-

∂ C≥-Uym K-h¨-sa‚n-s‚

\-bw \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-s‚ B-Zy-

\-S-]-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨-{K-

v k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ 370˛mw h-Ip-

∏n-s\ \n-c-¥-c-am-bn Zp¿-∫-e-

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sh-≈w tN¿-

°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂p. A-t±-l-sØ ]p-d-Øm-°n-

b-Xn-s‚ sXm-´p-]p-d-sI `-c-W-

L-S-\m D-Ø-c-hv (B-πn-t°-

j≥ ‰p P-Ωp B‚ v Im-iv-ao¿)

1950 ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p. A-ßn-s\

C≥-Uy≥ ]m¿-e-sa‚n-s‚ \n-

b-a-\n¿-Ω-W-Øn-s‚ A-[n-Im-

c ]-cn-[n, P-Ωp Im-iv-ao-cn-te-

°pw hn-]p-eo-I-cn-®p-. ho-≠pw

Iw]v-t{Sm-f¿ B‚ v B-Un-‰¿

P-\-d-en-s‚ A-[n-Im-c-hpw \n-

b-a-]-cn-[n-bpw P-Ωp Im-iv-ao-cn-

te-°v hym-]n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v

1953¬ D-Ø-c-hn-d-°n. 1960¬

sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v I-Ωo-j-s‚ \n-

b-a-]-cn-[n Im-iv-ao-cn-te-°v hym-

]n-∏n-®p. (C-Xn-s‚ e-£y-sa-

¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v Xp-S¿-∂v \-

S-∂ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v Ir-{Xn-a-

ßƒ sX-fn-bn-®p). ho-≠pw `-

c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn D-Ø-c-hv

(B-πn-t°-j≥ ‰p P-Ωp B‚ v

Im-iv-ao¿) 1964 ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®p-

sIm-≠v A-Sn-b-¥-cm-h-ÿ {]-

Jym-]n-°-\m-bn A-h-Im-iw

\¬-Ip-∂ `-c-W-L-S-\m h-Ip-

∏p-Iƒ 352, 356, 357 P-Ωp˛Im-

iv-ao-cn-\v _m-[-am-°n. Im-iv-ao-

cn-s‚ `-c-W-Ø-e-h-s\-∂(km-

Z¿˛-C-˛dn-bm-k-Øv) ]-Z-hn-bpw

{]-[m-\-a-{¥n F-∂ ]-Z-hn-bpw

am-‰n K-h¿-W-sd-∂pw ap-Jy-a-

{¥n-bp-sa-∂m-°n. A-ßn-s\ H-

∂n-\p]n-d-sI a-s‰m-∂m-bn C≥-

Uym K-h¨-sa‚ v ssI-s°m-

≠-h-sb-√mw Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-X-

sb C≥-Uy-bn¬\n-∂v A-I-‰p-

∂ \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ am-{X-am-bn-cp-

∂p. 1987se sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬

ssk-\y-sØh-sc D-]-tbm-K-

s∏-Sp-Øn sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v Ir-

{Xn-aw \-S-Øn P-t\-—-sb ]-cm-

P-b-∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv C≥-Uy≥ `-

c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ß-sf A-∏m-sS

kw-i-b-tØm-sSam-{Xw ho-£n-

°m≥ Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ß-sf

\n¿-_-‘n-X-cm°n.

Xm-gv-h-c-bn-se P-\-ß-fp-sS

C≥-Uy-tbm-Sp-≈ Iq-dn-s\-bpw

hn-iz-kv-X-X-sb-bpw \n-c-¥-c-am-

bn kw-i-bn-®p. cm-Py-t{Zm-ln-

I-sf-∂pw C≥-Uym-hn-cp-≤-sc-

∂p-ap-≈ ap≥-hn-[n C≥-Uy≥

`-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚ `m-K-Øp-\n-

∂p-≈ F-√m \-S-]-Sn-I-fn-epw

{]-Xn-̂ -en-®n-cp-∂p. hn-L-S-\-{]-

h¿-Ø-\-ß-sf-bpw ò-I-c-sc-

bpw t\-cn -Sm -s\-∂t]-cn¬

ssk-\y-Øn-\v \¬-In-bn-cp-∂

hn-]p-e-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ßƒ

Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-X-s°-Xn-cm-b A-

Xn-{I-a-ß-fm-bn ]-c-n-W-an-®p.

kp-c-£m-tk-\-Iƒ \-S-Øp-∂

tNm-ZywsN-ø¬ tI-{μ-ßƒ a-

\p-jy-Xzw a-c-hn-°p-∂ ]o-U-\-

ap-d-I-fp-sS tI-{μ-ß-fm-sW-∂v

P-Ωp -̨Im-iv-ao¿ ssl-t°m-S-Xn-

bn-se-Øn-b F-Æ-a-‰ tI- p-

Iƒ sX-fn-bn-®p. t]m-eo-kpw

kp-c-£m-tk-\-I-fpw ]n-Sn-®p-

sIm-≠p-t]m-b-h-cpƒ-∏-sS Im-

Wm-Xm-b-h-cp-sS F-Æw B-bn-

c-ß-fm-Wv. \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-fm-b

km-[m-c-W a-\p-jy¿ ssk-\n-

I-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ-°n-c-bm-bn sIm-e-

sN-ø-s∏-Sp-∂ kw-̀ -h-ßƒ hym-

]-I-am-bn. ]-{Xn-_m¬ hym-P

G-‰p-ap-´¬, ssk-\yw Im-iv-ao-

cn¬ sN-bv-Xp-Iq-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-

°p-∂ sN-bv-Xn-I-fp-sS t\¿-

km-£y-am-bn. G-gv \n-c-]-cm-[n-

I-fm-b sN-dp-∏-°m-sc ]n-Sn-®p-

sIm-≠p-t]m-bn sh-Sn-h-®p-sIm-

tI{μ-K-h¨-sa‚n-s‚ Im-iv-ao¿ \-S-]-Sn-bn¬{]Xn-tj-[n®p-sIm≠v F-kvbp-kn-sF(kn) Pn√m sk-{I -́dn

k-Jm-hv A-–pƒ A-ko-kn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬]me-°m-Sv Su-Wn¬ \-S-∂ {]-IS\w

tZ-io-b-X-I-sf D-Zv-{K-Yn-°p-I F-∂ k-¶o¿-Æ-am-

b {]-{In-b- _-e-{]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-tbm Ir-{Xn-a-am-tbm A-√ \n¿-Δ-ln-°p-I F-∂-Xv F-{X-tbm N-

cn-{X-m-\p-`-h-ß-fn-eq-sS \-ap-°-dn-bmw. X-\n-a-bm¿-∂ \n-e-\n¬-∏n-s\ ]-c-kv-]-cw B-Z-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-

X-s∂ cm-jv-{So-b-˛-km-º-Øn-I-˛-km-aq-ly-˛-hn-Zym-`ym-k-̨ -kmw-kv-Im-cn-I sIm-Sp-°-hm-ß-ep-I-fn-eq-sS

kz-`m-hn-I-am-bn hn-f-°n-t®¿-sØ-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-Wv {]-kv-Xp-X [¿-Ωw \n¿-Δ-ln-t°-≠-Xv.

(12˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v)


tZ-io-b-X-I-sf D-Zv-{K-Yn-t°≠Xv _-e-{]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-b-√

14 sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019

370˛mw h-Ip-∏v d-±p-sN-bv-X-Xn-s\-Xn-sc ]-cm-Xn-bp-am-bnIm-iv-ao-cn ]-fin-‰p-I-fpw t-Zm-{K-I-fpw kn-Jp-Im-cpw

∂n-́ v, G-‰p-ap-́ -en-ep-≠m-b sIm-

e-]m-X-I-sa-∂m-Wv ssk-\yw

]-{X-hm¿-Ø \¬-In-b-Xv. F-

∂m¬ tI- v A-t\z-jn-® kn-

_n-sF, A-Xv hym-P G-‰p-ap-´-

em-sW-∂v cm-Py-Øn-s‚ ]-c-

tam-∂-X tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ dn-t∏m¿-

´p-\¬-In. 5 {]-ap-J ssk-\n-

tIm-tZym-K-ÿ-sc tIm¿-´v am¿-

j¬ sN-øm≥ kp-{]ow tIm-S-

Xn-°v hn-[n-t°-≠n h-∂-Xv i-

‡-am-b sX-fn-hp-Iƒ ]-´m-f-

Øn-s\-Xn-sc lm-P-cm-°-s∏-´-

Xn-\m-em-Wv. ]-{Xn-_m¬ kw-

`-h-Øn¬ k-Xy-k-‘-am-b A-

t\z-j-Ww B-h-iy-s∏-´v, Xm-gv-

h-c-bn-se P-\-ßƒ-°v i-‡-am-

b {]-t£m-`w \-S-tØ-≠n h-

∂p. {]-t£m-`-Øn-\v t\-sc-bp-

≠m-b t]m-eo-kv sh-Sn-sh-bv-

∏n¬ 9 t]¿ sIm√-s∏-´-Xn-\p-

tijwti-jw am-{X-am-Wv A-

t\z-j-Ww \-S-Øm≥ Xo-cp-am-

\w D-≠m-b-Xv. P-\-ßƒ {]-

£m-`-Øn-s‚ am¿-§w A-h-ew-

_n-®n-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ H-cp {]m-Y-

an-I A-t\z-j-Ww t]m-ep-ap-

≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. tX-®p-am-bv-

®pI-f-™ hym-P G-‰p-ap-´¬

tI- p-Iƒ A-t\-I-ap≠v Im-

iv-ao-cn¬. ssk-\n-I \-S-]-Sn-I-

fn¬ sIm-√-s∏-́ -h-cp-sS _-‘p-

°ƒ, Im-Wm-Xm-b-h-cp-sS D-‰-

h¿, s]-√-‰v B-{I-a-W-Øn¬

Im-gv-N-i-‡n \-jv-S-s∏-´-h¿,

ssk-\n-I \-S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ \n-Xy-

tcm-Kn-I-fm-b-h¿, _-em¬-kw-

K-Øn-\pw am-\-`w-K-Øn-\pw C-

c-bm-b-h¿ C-h-sc-√mw Im-iv-ao-

cn P-\-X-s°-Xn-sc A-c-tß-dp-

∂ a-\p-jy-h-Im-i-ew-L-\-ß-

fp-sS Po-hn-°p-∂ {]-Xo-I-ß-

fm-Wv. Im-iv-ao-cn k-aq-l-Øn¬

Cu C-c-Iƒ \n-Xy-Im-gv-N-I-fm-

b-t∏mƒ A-Xn-\p km-£n-I-fm-

tI-≠n h-∂ C-X-c a-\p-jy¿

F-√m {]-Xo-£-bpw \-jv-S-s∏-

´-h-cm-bn am-dn. A-ßn-s\ {I-

ta-W P-\-ß-fn-sem-∂m-sI ]-

S¿-∂ B-g-am¿-∂ A-\y-Xm-

t_m-[-Øn-s‚ km-l-N-cy -

sØ Zp-cp-]-tbm-Kw sN-bvXp-

sIm-≠v tZ-i-hn-cp-≤-i-‡n-Iƒ

kzm-[o-\w D-d-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-

∂p. ]m-°n-ÿm-≥ ̀ -c-W-IqSam-

I-s´ Cu i-‡n-Iƒ-°v F-

√mhn-[ H-Øm-i-bpw sN-bvXp-

sIm-Sp-Øp. km-{am-Py-Xz i-

‡n-Iƒ I-e-°-sh-≈-Øn¬

ao≥-]n-Sn-°m≥ B-h-Xv ]-Wn-

s∏-Sp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. tI-{μw

`-cn-°p-∂ ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS Hu-Zm-

cy-Øn¬ cm-jv-{So-b ̀ m-Kym-t\z-

j-Ww \-S-Øp-∂ Iq-́ -ß-fm-bn

Im-iv-ao-cn-s‚ cm-jv-{So-b {]-

ÿm-\-ßƒ A-[x]-Xn-°p-I-

Iq-Sn sNbvXt∏mƒ Im-iv-ao-cn-

se ]m-h-s∏-́ P-\-ß-fp-sS Zp¿-

hn-[n ]q¿-Æ-am-bn. \n-cm-i-bp-

sS sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bn-em-b P-\-ß-

sf km-l-kn-I-X-bn-te-°pw

A-{I-a-Øn-te-°pw \-bn-°m≥

hn-L-S-\-hm-Zn-Iƒ-°v F-fp-∏-am-

bn. A-ßn-s\ Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-

\w C-∂p Im-Wp-∂ cq-]-Øn-

se-Øn.

tZ-io-b-X-I-sf D-Zv-{K-Yn-°p-

I F-∂ k-¶o¿-Æ-am-b {]-{In-

b- _-e-{]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-tbm

Ir-{Xn-a-am-tbm A-√ \n¿-Δ-ln-

°p-I F-∂-Xv F-{X-tbm N-cn-

{X-m-\p-`-h-ß-fn-eq-sS \-ap-°-dn-

bmw. X-\n-a-bm¿-∂ \n-e-\n¬-

∏n-s\ ]-c-kv-]-cw B-Z-cn-®p-

sIm-≠p-X-s∂ cm-jv-{So-b˛km-

º-Øn-I˛km-aq-ly˛hn-Zym-`ym-

k˛kmw-kv-Im-cn-I sIm-Sp-°-

hm-ß-ep-I-fn-eq-sS kz-`m-hn-I-

am-bn hn-f-°n-t®¿-sØ-Sp-Øp-

sIm-≠m-Wv {]-kv-Xp-X [¿-Ωw

\n¿-Δ-ln-t°-≠-Xv. C≥-Uy≥

bq-Wn-\n¬ tN-cp-∂-Xn-\m-bn

Im-iv-ao-cn P-\-X ssI-s°m-≠

Xo-cp-am-\-sØ Xn-I-™ hn-

izm-k-Øn-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠v,

A-h-sc Cu cm-Py-Øn-s‚ lr-

Z-b-tØm-Sv tN¿-Øp-\n¿-Ø-p-I-

Imiv-ao¿ hn-j-b-Øn¬ I-Æq-¿ Su-Wn¬ \-S-∂ {]-Xn-tj-[tbmKØn¬ tUm. Un.kp-tc-{μ-\m-Yv {]-kw-Kn-°p∂p

bm-Wv sN-tø-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

F-∂m¬ A-Xv \n¿-Δ-ln-°p-∂-

Xn¬ C≥-Uym K-h¨-sa‚pw

AXns\ \-bn-® cm-jv-{So-b {]-

ÿm-\-ß-fpw Xo¿-Øpw ]-cm-

P-b-s∏-´p.

370˛mw h-Ip-∏n-s‚ t]-cn¬

h¿-§o-b-am-b I-W-°p-Iq-́ -tem-

sS B-Zy-Im-e-Øv P-\-kw-L-

hpw C∂pw _n-sP-]n-bpw \-S-

Øn-h-cp-∂ \o-N-am-b {]-Nm-c-

Ww sX-s√m-∂p-a-√ Im-iv-ao-cn

P-\-ß-sf D-e-®n-´p-≈-Xv. C≥-

Uy-bp-sS C-X-c-`m-K-ß-fn¬

Im-i-ao-cn {]-iv-\-sØ kw-_-

‘n-®v h-kv-Xp-Xm-hn-cp-≤-am-b

Im-cy-ßƒ {]-N-cn-∏n-®v Xm-gv-h-

c-bn-se P-\-ß-sf H-‰-s∏-Sp-Øn-

b-Xn¬ tIm¨-{K- pw _n-sP-

]n-bp-am-Wv ap-∂n¬. sj-bv-°v

A-_v-Zp-≈-sb P-bn-en-e-S-bv-°p-

∂-Xn-\p th-≠n A-t±-l-hpw

\m-j-\¬ tIm¨-^-d≥-kpw

kz-X-{¥ Im-iv-ao-cn-\p th-≠n-

bm-Wv \n-e-sIm-≈p-∂-sX-∂v

A-]-hm-Zw {]-N-cn-∏n-®v C≥-

Uy≥ P-\-ß-sf h≥-tXm-Xn¬

sX-‰-≤-cn-∏n-®-Xv C-°q-´-cm-Wv.

Zp-cn-X-ß-fp-sS-bpw Zp-c-¥-ß-fp-

sS-bpw a-lm-I-b-Øn¬ X-ßƒ

H-‰-bv-°m-sW-∂ hn-Im-cw Im-

iv-ao-cn P-\-X-bn¬ cq-V-aq-e-am-

Im≥ Cu {]-Nm-c-W-ßƒ h-

en-b tXm-Xn¬ C-S h-cp-Øn.

_m-_v-dn a-kv-Pn-Zv X-I¿-°-epw

Xp-S¿-∂v cm-Py-Øp-≠m-b I-em-

]-ß-fpw C-t∏mƒ cm-Py-sa-ºm-

Spw \-S-°p-∂ \yq-\-]-£ th-

´-bpw Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ß-fp-

sS D¬-°-WvT-I-sf h¿-≤n-∏n-

°p-∂p. C-{]-Im-cw ]-cn-tim-[n-

®m¬ Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\w ap-Jy-

am-bpw tIm¨-{K- n-s‚-bpw

_n-sP-]n-bp-sS-bpw kr-jv-Sn-bm-

sW-∂v Im-Wmw. Cu C-cp-]m¿-

´n-I-fpw kr-jv-Sn-® km-l-N-cy-

sØ ap-X-se-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv ap-

…nw a-X-au-en-I i-‡n-I-fpw

]m-°n-ÿm-\pw km-{am-Py-Xz-i-

‡n-I-fpw sN-bv-X-Xv.

Im-iv-ao¿:

P-\-ß-fp-sS I-S-a-I-sf-¥v?

Im-iv-ao¿ {]-iv-\-Øn-\v ]-cn-

lm-cw Im-Wm-\p-≈ G-sXm-cp

\-S-]-Sn-bpw Xp-S-tß-≠-Xv Im-

iv-ao-cn P-\-X-bn¬ B-g-Øn-ep-

≠m-bn-´p-≈ ap-dn-hv D-W-°n-

s°m-≠m-I-Ww. C-∂-sØ

km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ A-Xn-k-¶o¿-

Æ-am-b H-cp {]-{In-b-bm-W-Xv.

P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-am-b k-ln-jv-

Wp-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn A-h¿ D-b¿-

Øp-∂ B-i-¶-I-fpw {]-iv-\-ß-

fpw tIƒ-°m≥ C≥-Uy-bn-se

`-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v I-gn-b-

Ww. A-h-cp-sS B-flm-`n-am-\-

sØ ap-dn-th¬-∏n-°p-∂ F-Æ-

a-‰ \-S-]-Sn-I-fp-≠m-bn-°-gn-™-

Xn-\p ti-j-hpw, A-Sn-®-a¿-Ø-

en-s‚-bpw A-Xn-{I-a-ß-fp-sS-

bpw \n-c-h-[n kw-`-h-ßƒ-°p-

ti-j-hpw Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ß-

fn¬ h-en-sbm-cp ]-¶pw C-∂pw

t\-cn-s‚ h-gn-bn¬ Nn-¥n-°p-∂-

h-cm-Wv. 40 h¿-jw \o-≠ ]-

´m-f-hm-gv-N-bn-e-a¿-∂ ]m-°n-

ÿm-t\-°m-fpw t`-Zw a-tXXc

C≥-Uy-bm-sW∂ X-cn-®-dn-hp-

≈ hn-Zym-k-º-∂-cpw ]p-tcm-K-

a-\ \n-e-]m-Sp-≈-h-cp-am-b A-

\-h-[n B-fp-Iƒ C-∂pw Im-

iv-ao-cn-ep-≠v. A-h-cp-am-bn lr-

Z-b _-‘w ÿm-]n-°m-\pw A-

h-sc a-tX-X-c˛P-\m-[n-]-Xy aq-

ey-ß-fp-sS i-‡-cm-b {]-Nm-c-

I-cm-°n am-‰m-\pw I-gn-b-Ww.

Im-i-ao¿ C≥-Uy-bp-sS A-hn-

`m-Py-̀ m-K-am-sW-∂ A-Sn-bp-d-®

\n-e-]m-Sn¬\n-∂p-sIm-≠m-I-

Ww Cu Zu-Xyw \n¿-Δ-ln-

°m≥. a-tX-X-c-˛P-\m-[n-]-Xy

aq-ey-ß-fm¬ \-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂

C≥-Uy-bn-se cm-jv-{So-b i-

‡nIƒ Cu I-S-a \n-d-th-‰m≥

ap-t∂m-´p h-c-Ww.

Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X-bp-sS Po-hn-

°m-\p-≈ A-h-Im-i-hpw P-\m-

[n-]-Xy A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw kw-

c-£n-°m-\p-≈ t]m-cm-́ w cm-Py-

sa-ºm-Spw h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥

C-S-Xp -̨P-\m-[n-]-Xy˛]p-tcm-K-a-

\ i-‡n-Iƒ H-‰-s°-´m-bn ap-

t∂m-́ p-h-c-Ww. B¿-́ n-°nƒ 370

]p-\x-ÿm-]n-°p-I, F-{X-bpw

th-Kw Im-iv-ao-cn¬ P-\m-[n-]-

Xy-hpw kn-hn¬ `-c-Whpw ]p-

\x-ÿm-]n-°p-I F-∂o B-h-

iy-ßƒ Cu {]-t£m-`w D-b¿-

Ø-Ww. Im-iv-ao¿ P-\-X-bp-sS

A-\n-tj-[y-am-b \o-Xn-tbm-Sv

sF-Iy-s∏-́ p-sIm-≠v, Im-iv-ao¿

{]-iv-\-Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-h-kv-Xp-

X-Iƒ cm-Py-sa-ºm-Spw N¿-®-bv-

s°-Sp-°p-∂ A-Xn-_r-l-Øm-

b P-\-Io-b {]-Nm-c-W b-⁄-

Øn-s‚ ]n≥-_-e-Øn¬ H-cp

{]-t£m-`w h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp -

°m≥ ]p-tcm-K-a-\-i-‡n-Iƒ

X-øm-dm-bm¬ cm-Py-Øn-s‚

t]m-cm-́ -N-cn-{Xw Xn-cp-Øn-°p-dn-

°-s∏-Spw. Cu cm-Py-Øv C-

t∏mƒ A-Xn-th-Kw ]-S¿-∂-p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ A-‘-Im-c-

sØ sN-dp-°m≥ C-Xn-\p am-

{X-ta I-gn-bq. _n-sP-]n A-h-

X-cn-∏n-°p-∂ ]-I-bp-sS-bpw sh-

dp-∏n-s‚-bpw cm-jv-{So-b-sØ

Xo¿-Øpw H-‰-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ A-

Ø-c-sam-cp {]-t£m-`-Øn-\v I-

gn-bpw. {]-kv-Xp-X {]-t£m-`w

Im-iv-ao-cn-se P-\-ßƒ-°v \¬-

Ip-∂-Xv a-l-Øm-b km-tlm-Z-

cy-Øn-s‚ k-tμ-i-am-bn-cn-°pw.

C≥-Uy≥ tZ-io-b-X-bp-am-bn

Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ I-Æn tN¿-°m≥

A-Xv A-\p-]-a-am-b km-l-N-

cyw kr-jv-Sn-°pw.

(13˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v)

P-Ωp-˛-Im-iv-ao-cn¬-\n-∂p-

≈ ]-fin-‰p-I-fpw tZm-{K-I-

fpw kn-Jp-Im-cpw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-

≈ 64 t]¿ ""370˛mw h-Ip-∏v

Kq-V-am-bpw _-em¬-°m-c-am-

bp-am-Wv A-km-[p-hm-°n-b-

sX''-∂pw C-Xv ""`-c-W-L-S-\m

hn-cp-≤-hpw kw-ÿm-\-sØ P-

\-ßƒ-°v \¬-In-b N-cn-{X-]-

c-am-b hm-Kv-Zm-\-Øn-s‚ ew-L-

\-am-sW''-∂pw Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-

®p-sIm-≠p-≈ ]-cm-Xn-bn¬ H-

∏p-h-®n-cn-°p-∂p. {]-ap-J tUm-

Œ¿, ssh-kv F-b¿ am¿-j¬,

\m-S-I-cw-K-sØ {]-ap-J¿, hn-

Zym-̀ ym-k hn-N-£-W¿, am-≤y-

a-{]-h¿-Ø-I¿, hn-Zym¿-∞n-

Iƒ, K-th-j-I¿ F-∂n-ß-s\

Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ \m-\m-Xp-d-I-fn-

ep-≈ s{]m-^-j-W-ep-Iƒ C-

Xn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p.

tI-{μ K-h¨-sa‚ v P-Ωp-

˛-Im-iv-ao-cn-s‚ {]-tXy-I ]-Z-

hn F-Sp-Øv I-f-™-Xpw B

kw-ÿm-\-sØ c-≠v tI-{μ-

`-c-W {]-tZ-i-ß-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-

®-Xpw ""Kq-V-am-b co-Xn''-bn-em-

sW-∂v ]-cm-Xn-bn¬ ]-d-bp-

∂p. kw-ÿm-\ \n-b-a-k-`-bp-

sS ""A-`n-{]m-b-hpw A-\p-a-Xn-

bpw Xo¿-Øpw B-cm-bm-sX-bp-

≈ Cu \-S-]-Sn P-\m-[n-]-Xy -

X-Xz-ß-fp-sS-bm-sI \n-cm-I-c-

W-hpw G-Im-[n-]-Xy-]-c-hpw P-

\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-≤-hp-''-am-Wv. P-

Ωp-̨ -Im-iv-ao-cn-s\ ""ssk-\n-I

h-e-b-Øn-em''-°n-b \-S-]-Sn D-

S≥ ]n≥-h-en-°-W-sa-∂pw kw-

ÿm-\-sØ P-\-ß-fp-sS B-

i-b-hn-\n-a-b-Øn-\p-ta¬ G¿-

s∏-Sp-Øn-b \n-tcm-[-\w d-±m-°-

W-sa-∂pw cm-{„o-b t\-Xm-°-

sf ""G-I-]-£o-b-hpw \n-b-a-

hn-cp-≤-hp''-am-b X-S-¶-en¬-\n-

∂v tam-Nn-∏n-°-W-sa-∂pw ]-cm-

Xn-bn¬ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""R-

ß-fp-sS am-Xr-̀ q-an-sb sh-́ n-ap-

dn-®-Xn¬ R-ßƒ G-sd th-Z-

\n-°p-∂p, ]-co-£-W-Øn-s‚-

bpw {]-Xn-k-‘n-bp-sS-bp-w Cu

L-´-Øn¬ R-ßƒ H-∂n-®p-

\n¬-°p-sa-∂v {]-Xn-⁄ sN-

øp-∂p, hw-io-b-hpw kmw-kv-Im-

cn-I-hpw km-ap-Zm-bn-I-hp-am-b

A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ P-\-ß-s-f

hn-`-Pn-°m-\p-≈ G-Xp-\o-°-

sØ-bpw sN-dp-°p-''sa-∂pIqSn

{]-Jym-]n-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv ]-cm-

Xn A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

(Z h-b¿. 10.08.-2019)

{]tXy-Im-[n-Imc-ß-tfmsS Imiv-ao¿ C-¥y-bp-sS A-hn-̀ m-Py `m-K-amIWw

sk]v-Xw_¿ 2019 15

2002¬ kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn

hn-[n-sb Xp-S¿-∂v I-ip-h-≠n

hn-I-k-\ tIm¿-]-td-j≥ ]-g-

b D-S-a-Iƒ-°v hn-´p-sIm-Sp-Ø

ap-J-Ø-e, F-gp-tIm¨, s\-Sp-

h-Øq¿, I-√-º-ew ̂ m-Iv-S-dn-I-

fn-se sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ X-ßƒ-

°¿-l-X-s∏-´ {Km-‰p-hn-‰n B-h-

iy-s∏-´v Im-jyp tIm¿-∏-td-

j≥ sl-Uv Hm-ô-kn-te-°v

am¿-®pw [¿-Æ-bpw \-S-Øn.

I-ip-h-≠n sXm-gn -em-fn

sk‚¿ P-\-d¬ sk-{I-´-dn k-

Jm-hv F-kv.cm-[m-Ir-jv-W≥

am¿-®v D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sN-bv-Xp.

A¿-l-X-s∏-´ A-h-Im-iw e-`n-

°m-sX 700 ¬-]-cw sXm-gn-em-

fn-Iƒ a-c-W-a-S-™ Z-b-\o-bm-

h-ÿ-bm-Wv \n-e-hn-ep-f-f-sX-

∂pw 2019 am¿-®v am-kw {Xn-Zn-

\ k-Xym-{K-l-sØ Xp-S¿-∂v

am-t\-Pv-sa‚ v \¬-In-b D-d-∏v

]m-en-°m≥ X-øm-dm-I-W-sa-

∂pw A-t±-lw B-h-iy-s∏-´p.

F-kv-bp-kn-sF(kn) Pn-√m

sk-{I-´-dn k-Jm-hv ssj-e

sI.tPm¨, F-sF-bp-Sn-bp-kn

Pn -√m sk-{I-´ -dn k-Jm-hv

_n.hn-t\m-Zv, bq-Wn-b≥ t\-Xm-

°-fm-b k-Jm-°ƒ _n.cm-a-N-

{μ≥, k-Zm-\-μ≥-]n-f-f, A-Jn-

te-¥ym a-ln-fm kmw-kv-Im-cn-

I kw-L-S-\ Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn

k-Jm-hv Szn-¶nƒ {]-̀ m-I-c≥ Xp-

S-ßn-b-h¿ {]-kw-Kn-®p.

F-{X-bpw th-Kw {Km-‰p-hn-‰n

A¿-l-X-s∏-́ ap-gp-h≥ sXm-gn-

em-fn-Iƒ-°pw hn-X-c-Ww sN-øm-

Ø ]-£w Im-jyp tIm¿-∏-td-

j≥ sl-Uv Hm-ô-kn-\v ap-

∂n¬ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw Ip-Spw-

_mw-K-ß-fpw A-\n-›n-X-Im-e

k-a-cw B-cw-̀ n-°p-sa-∂v bq-Wn-

b≥ ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v \¬-In.

Im-jyp tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ sl-Uv Hm-ô-kv am¿-®vkJmhv F-kv.cm-[m-Ir-jv-W≥ D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sN-øp-∂p

Im-jyp tIm¿-∏-td-j≥sl-Uv Hm-̂ o-kv am¿-®pw [¿-Æ-bpw

sXm-gn-ep-S-a-Iƒ \n-b-a-hn-

cp-≤-am-bn A-S-®p-]q-́ n-b kz-Im-

cy I-ip-h-≠n ^m-Iv-S-dn-Iƒ

k¿-°m¿ G-s‰-Sp-Øv Xp-d-∂v

{]-h¿-Øn-∏n-°p-I, I-ip-h-≠n

cw-K-Øv hym-]-I-am-bn-cn-°p-∂

sXm-gn¬ \n-b-a--ew-L-\-ßƒ

X-S-bp-I, ^m-Iv-S-dn-Iƒ C-X-c-

kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-te-°v am-‰p-∂

\-S-]-Sn A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-I Xp-

S-ßn-b B-h-iy-ß-fp-∂-bn-®v I-

ip-h-≠n sXm-gn-em-fn sk‚¿

(F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn) t\-Xr-Xz-

Øn¬ sIm-√-Øv I-ip-h-≠n

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS I-f-Iv-t{S-‰v

am¿-®v \-S-∂p.

I-ip-h-≠n sXm-gn -em-fn

sk‚¿ kw-ÿm-\ {]-kn -

U‚pw F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn kw-

ÿm-\ sk-{I-´-dn-bp-am-b k-

Jm-hv hn.-sI.k-Zm-\-μ≥ am¿-

®v D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sN-bv-Xp. F-√m

sXm-gn¬ \n-b-a-ß-fpw Im-‰n¬

]-d-Øn sXm-gn-ep-S-a-Iƒ G-I-

]-£o-b-am-bn \-S-Øp-∂ \n-b-

a-ew-L-\-ß-sf t{]m-’m-ln-

∏n-°p-∂ k-ao-]-\-am-Wv sXm-

gn¬-h-Ip-∏n-\p-f-f-sX-∂v A-t±-

lw ]-d-™p. \n-e-hn-ep-f-f ap-

gp-h≥ sXm-gn¬ \n-b-a-ß-sf-

bpw C-√m-bv-a sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠v

tIm¿-∏-td-‰p -Iƒ-°p-th-≠n

sXm-gn-em-fn hn-cp-≤ te-_¿

tIm-Up-Iƒ sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂

tam-Zn k¿-°m-cn-s‚ \-b-ßƒ-

s°-Xn-cm-b k-a-c-sØ C-Ø-

cw \o-°-ßƒ Zp¿-∫-e-s∏-Sp-

Øp-sa-∂pw A-t±-lw Nq-≠n--

°m-ń. km-aq-ly-t£-a s]≥-

j≥ hm-ßp-∂-Xn-s‚-t]-cn¬

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS Aw-im-Zm-

bwsIm-≠v- {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂

t£-a-\n-[n t_m¿-Uv s]≥-

j≥ kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m¿ \n¿-

Ø-em-°n-b \-S-]-Sn D-S≥ ]n≥-

h-en-°-W-sa-∂pw A-t±-lw B-

h-iy-s∏-´p.

bq-Wn-b≥ P-\-d¬ sk-{I-

´-dn k-Jm-hv F-kv.cm-[m-Ir-jv-

W≥ A-≤y-£-X h-ln-®p. F-

kv-bp-kn-sF(I-Ωyq-Wn-Ãv) Pn-

√m sk-{I-´-dn k-Jm-hv ssj-

e sI.tPm¨, F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-

kn Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn k-Jm-hv

_n.hn-t\m-Zv, k-Jm-hv _n.cm-a-

N-{μ≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿ {]-kw-Kn-

®p. sI.-F-kv.-B¿.-Sn.kn Pw-Kv-

j-\n¬ \n-∂pw B-cw-`n-® am¿-

®n-\vv bq-Wn-b≥ t\-Xm-°-fm-b

k-Jm-°ƒ ]n.-]n.{]-im-¥v-Ip-

am¿, B¿.l-cn-Zm-k≥, B-\-

μ≥-]n-f-f, k-Xo-i≥, ]p-jv-]-

h-√n, cm-[, l-cn-Zm-k≥-]n-f-f,

{io-Ip-am¿ Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿ t\-Xr-

Xzw \¬-In.

I-ip-h-≠n sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sSI-f-Iv-t{S-‰v am¿-®v

I-ip-h-≠n sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS sIm√w I-f-Iv-t{S-‰v am¿-®vk-Jm-hv hn.-sI.k-Zm-\-μ≥ D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sN-øp∂p

tam-Zn-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-

ep-≈ tI-{μ _nsP]n k¿-

°m¿ cm-Py-sØ sXm-gn-em-fn-

Iƒ Po-h≥ sIm-Sp-Øv s]m-cp-

Xn t\-Sn-b sXm-gn¬ \n-b-a-

ßƒ G-Xm-≠v ap-gp-h≥ X-s∂

C-√m-bv-a sN-bv-Xp sIm-≠v G-

Xm-\pw te-_¿ tIm-Up-Iƒ

sIm-≠p h-cp-∂-Xn-s\-Xn-sc F-

sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn sk-]v-‰w-_¿

5\v A-Jn-te-¥ym {]-Xn-tj-[

Zn-\w B-N-cn-®p.

I-gn-™ tam-Zn k¿-°m-cn-

s‚ Im-e-Øp-X-s∂ \o-Xn B-

tbm-Kn-eq-sS sXm-gn¬ A-h-Im-

i-ßƒ A-́ n-a-dn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈

\o-°w Xp-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. c-

≠mw tam-Zn k¿-°m¿ A-[n-Im-

c-Øn-te-dn D-S≥ X-s∂ hn-tZ-

i-˛-kz-tZ-i tIm¿-∏-td-‰p-Iq-sS

Xm-ev-]-cy-ßƒ-°-\p-k-cn-®v, cm-

Py-sØ Aw-Ko-Ir-X t{S-Uv bq-

Wn-b\pI-sf tIƒ-°m≥ t]m-

epw X-øm-dm-hm-sX te-_¿

tIm-Up-Iƒ {]m-_-ey-Øn¬

sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

sXm-gn¬ kp-c-£, an-\n-aw

Iq-en, 8 a-Wn-°q¿ tPm-en,

s]≥-j≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-sb-√mw

A-ń-a-dn-®p-sIm-≠v, \n-›n-X

Im-e sXm-gn¬, I-cm¿-∏-Wn,

4628 cq-] an-\n-aw th-X-\w, 14

a-Wn-°q¿ h-sc \o-fp-∂ {]-hr-

Øn Zn-\w Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bm-Wv

sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv.

H-∏w, s]m-Xp-ta-J-em ÿm-

]-\-ß-fp-sS k-ºq¿-Æ kz-Im-

cy-h¬-°-W-hpw X-Ir-Xn-bm-bn

\-S-Øp-I-bm-Wv. {]-Xn-tcm-[ D-

ev-]m-Z-\-ta-J-e, ssh-Zyp-Xn, sd-

bn¬-sh, _n-F-kv-F≥-F¬, H-

F≥-Pn-kn, _m-¶v, C≥-jq-d≥-

kv C-h-sb-√mw cm-Py-Øn-\-I-

Øpw ]p-d-Øp-ap-≈ Ip-Ø-II

ƒ-°v ssI-am-dp-I-bm-Wv.

B-im h¿-°¿, Aw-K-W-hm-

Sn, D-®-̀ -£-W sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ

Xp-S-ßn-b k-v-Inw h¿-°¿-am-sc

k¿-°m¿ ta-J-e-bn-se sXm-gn-

em-fn-I-fm-bn Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-W-

sa-∂ tI-{μ t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-

\p-I-fp-sS B-h-iy-hpw k¿-

°m¿ ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-∂n-√.

tam-Zn k¿-°m-cn-s‚ sXm-gn-em-fn-hn-cp-≤ te-_¿ tIm-Un-s\-Xn-sc

sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ cm-Py-hym-]-I-am-bn {]-Xn-tj-[n-®p

tam-Zn k¿-°m-cn-s‚ sXm-gn-

em-fn hn-cp-≤ te-_¿ tIm-Un-

s\-Xn-sc F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn B-

lzm-\w sN-bv-X AJn-te¥y

{]-Xn-tj-[ Zn\m-N-c-W--Øn-s‚

`m-K-am-bn kw-ÿm-\-Øv hn-hn-

[ Pn-√-I-fn¬ sXm-gn-em-fn {]-

I-S-\-ß-fpw {]-Xn-tj-[ tbm-K-

ß-fpw \-S-∂p. sIm-√w, tN¿-

Ø-e, tIm-́ -bw, sXm-Sp-]p-g, G-

d-Wm-Ip-fw, tIm-gn-t°m-Sv F-∂n-

hn-S-ß-fn¬ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS

{]-Xn-tj-[ ]cn-]m-SnIƒ \-S-∂p.

_nsP]n k¿-°m-cn-s‚ sXm-gn-

em-fn hn-cp-≤ te-_¿ tIm-Uv

I-Øn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp.

tIm-gn-t°m-Sv \-K-c-Øn¬ \-S-∂ {]-Xntj[tbm-K-Øn¬ F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn kwÿm-\ sk-{I´dn

k-Jm-hv hn.sI.k-Zm-\-μ≥ {]-kw-Kn-°p∂p

FdWm-Ip-fw \-K-c-Øn¬ \-S-∂ {]-Xntj[ tbm-K-Øn¬F-kvbp-kn-sF(kn) kwÿm-\ sk-{I-t´-dnb-‰v Aw-Kw

k-Jm-hv Sn.sI.kp-[o¿-Ip-am¿ {]-kw-Kn-°p∂p

tIm´-bw Su-Wn¬ \-S-∂ {]-Xn-tj-[-tbm-K-Øn¬F-sF-bp-‰n-bp-kn Pn√m sk-{I´-dn

k-Jm-hv hn.]n.sIm®p-tam≥ {]-kw-Kn-°p∂p

Edited, Printed & Published by V.Venugopal, SUCI(C) Office, T.C. 12/1242, Law College Jn, Kunnukuzhy, Trivandrum - 695 035. Ph: 0471-2307151;E-mail: [email protected]; Website: www.kerala.sucicommunist.org on behalf of Kerala State Committee, SUCI(C). Printed at Cochin Printech Pvt Ltd, Kochi.

UNITY September 2019Vol.46 No.6

Price : Rs 5.00MALAYALAMMONTHLY

Date of publishing 01/09/2019REGISTERED. R.N. 24773/1992P.R.No. KL/TV(N)/452/2018-2016

{]-ap-J N-cn-{X-]-fin-X

sdm-ao-e Ym-∏¿ P-h-l¿ em¬

s\-{lp bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n-bn¬

F-an-d-‰v-kv s{]m-^-k-dm-bn Xp-

S-tc-≠-Xp-t≠m F-∂p ]-cn-tim-

[n-°p-hm-\m-bn A-h-cp-sS I-cn-

°p-ew hn-s‰ (A-°m-Z-an-Iv

tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ {]-kv-Xm-hn-°p-

∂ kz-bw km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-b

tc-J) k-a¿-∏n-°m≥ B-h-iy-

s∏-´ sP-F≥-bp A-[n-Ir-X-cp-

sS lo-\-am-b \-S-]-Sn-bn¬ F-

sF-Un-F-kv-H {]-Xn-tj-[w

tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn.

F-an-d-‰v-kv s{]m-^-k¿ F-

∂ ]-Z-hn bm-sXm-cp km-º-Øn-

I t\-́ -hpw D-f-f-X-√. a-dn-®v A-

°m-Z-an-I-am-b Xm-Xv-]-cy-Øn-

\pw hn-Rv-Pm-\-Øn-s‚ hn-Im-

k-Øn-\pw th-≠n-bp-f-f-Xm-Wv.

A-¥m-cm-{„ {]m-[m-\y-ap-≈ ]-

fin-X-cp-sS K-th-j-W-hpw hn-

⁄m-\-hpw A-\p-` -h-k-º-

Øpw ssh-Rv-Pm-\n-I-hn-Im-k-

Øn-\v D-d-∏p h-cp-Øp-∂ H-∂m-

Wv F-an-d-‰v-kv s{]m-^-k¿-jn-

∏v. K-th-j-I-hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-sf

k-lm-bn-°p-I-bpw Nn-e k-μ¿-

`-ß-fn¬ ¢m-sk-Sp-°p-I-bp-am-

Wv F-an-d-‰v-kv s{]m-^-k¿-am¿

sN-øp-I. C-sXm-cp A-°m-Z-an-

°n-\v \¬-Ip-∂ B-Po-h-\m-¥

]-Z-hn-bm-Wv.

1970 ap-X¬ 1991 h-sc sP-

F≥-bp-hn¬ s{]m-^-k-dm-bn

tk-h-\-a¿-∏n-® hy-‡n-bm-Wv

sdm-ao-e Ym-∏¿. 1993em-Wv

s{]m-^ Ym-∏¿-°v F-an-d-‰v-kv

s{]m-̂ -k¿-jn-∏v \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.

N-cn-{X-]T-\-cw-K-sØ sdm-ao-e

Ym-∏-dp-sS B-Po-h-\m-¥ kw-̀ m-

h-\-Iƒ-°v bp-F-kv sse-{_-dn

Iu -̈kn-en-s‚ ¢q-Kv ]p-c-k-v-Im-

cw e-̀ n-®n-́ p-≠v. t\m-_¬ k-

Ωm-\-Øn-\v ]-cn-K-Wn-°m-Ø

hn-⁄m-\-im-J-I-fn-se kw-`m-

h-\-Iƒ-°v e-̀ y-am-Ip-∂ X-Øp-

ey-am-b ]p-c-k-v-Im-c-am-Wn-Xv.

\n-c-h-[n N-cn-{X ]p-kv-X-

Iß-fp-sS c-N-bn-Xm-hm-Wv sdm-

ao-e Ym-∏¿. \n-c-h-[n k¿-h-I-

em-im-e-Iƒ Un-en-‰pw tUm-Iv-

S-td-‰pw \¬-In Cu {]-Xn-`-sb

B-Z-cn-®n-´p-≠v. C-Ø-c-sam-cp

{]-Xn-`-bp-sS tk-h-\-sØ B-

Z-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\p-]-I-cw, A-h-cp-

sS I-cn-°p-ew hn-s‰ B-h-iy-

s∏-´ sP-F≥-bp \n-e-]m-Sv A-

Xy-¥w e-÷m-I-c-am-Wv. hn-Zym-

`ym-k-Øn-s‚ kz-Im-cy-h-Xv-°-

c-W-sØ-bpw N-cn-{X-sØ h-

{Io-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bpw k¿-h-

I-em-im-e-bp-sS kz-bw-`-c-Wm-

h-Im-i-ß-fn¬ ssI-I-S-Øp-∂-

Xn-s\-bp-sa-√mw \n-in-X-am-bn

hn-a¿-in-°p-∂ Cu ]-fin-X-

sb sP-F≥-bp-hn¬-\n-∂pw H-

gn-hm-°p-I-sb-∂ cm-{„o-b-t{]-

cn-X-am-b Kq-Vm-tem-N-\-bp-sS

`m-K-am-Wv Cu \-S-]-Sn.

lo-\-am-b Cu \-S-]-Sn F-

{X-bpw-th-Kw ]n≥-h-en-°-W-sa-

∂v F-sF-Un-F-kv-H, sP-F≥-

bp A-[n-Ir-X-tcm-Sv B-h-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂p. hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fpw A-°m-

Z-an-I k-aq-l-hpw sP-F≥-bp

A-[n-Ir-X-cp-sS hn-⁄m-\-hn-

cp-≤-am-b Cu \o-°-sØ {]-

Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ cw-K-Øv h-c-W-

sa-∂v A-`y¿-∞n-°p-∂p, F-

sF-Un-F-kv-H A-Jn-te-¥ym

P-\-d¬ sk-{I-́ -dn A-tim-Iv an-

{i sk-]v-Xw-_¿ 3\v ]p-d-s∏-

Sp-hn-® ]-{X-°p-dn-∏n¬ A-̀ n-{]m-

b-s∏-´p.

sdm-ao-e Ym-∏-tdm-Sv I-cn-°p-ew hn-s‰ k-a¿-∏n-°m-\m-h-iy-s∏-́sP-F≥-bp A-[n-Ir-X-cp-sS \-S-]-Sn {]-Xn-tj-[m¿-lw-

Jm-Z¿ I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿-´v Hm¿-Un-\≥-kn-eq-sS\-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xns\ sN-dp°pI

A -Jn -te-¥ym a -ln -fm

kmw-kv-Im-cn-I kw-L-S-\-bp-sS

c-≠m-a-Xv B-{‘m-{]-tZ-iv kw-

ÿ-m-\ k-tΩ-f-\w B-K-Ãv

29,30 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn¬ A-\-¥-]q-

cn¬ \-S-∂p.

B-K-Ãv 29\v Ir-jv-W- I-em-

a-μn-dn¬-h-®v \-S-∂ s]m-Xp-k-

tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ kw-ÿm-\-sØ

hn-hn-[ Pn-√-I-fn¬-\n-∂v hn-

Zym¿-∞n-\n-I-fpw A-≤ym-]-I-c-

S-°w \q-dp-I-W-°n-\v h-\n-X-

Iƒ- ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. a-\p-jym-h-

Im-i k-an-Xn kw-ÿ-m-\ I-Ωn-

‰-n Aw-Kw F.N-{μ-ti-J¿ k-

tΩ-f-\w D-Zv-Lm-S-\w sN-bv-Xp.

Fw.tX-tPm-h-Xn A-≤y-£-X

h-ln-® k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ F-

sF-Fw-F-kv-F-kv A-Jn-te-

¥y ssh-kv-{]-kn-U‚ v an-\n

sI.^n-en-∏v ap-Jy-{]-kw-Kw \-

S-Øn. F-kv-bp-kn-sF(kn)

kw-ÿm-\ sk-{I-´-dn k-Jm-hv

_n.F-kv.A-a¿-\m-Yv ap-Jym-Xn-

Yn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Pn.e-fn-X, A-∂-

]q¿-Æ, kp-a-e-X F-∂n-h¿ {]-

kw-Kn-®p.

kv-{Xo-Iƒ C-∂v t\-cn-Sp-∂

F-√m-Ø-cw hn-th-N-\-ßƒ-°pw

A-Xn-{I-a-ßƒ-°pw a-Zy-hn-]-

Øn-\p-sa-Xn-sc \n-i-–-X -̀Rv-

Pn-®p-sIm-≠v [o-c-am-bn ap-t∂m-

v́ h-c-W-sa-∂pw cm-Py-Øn-s‚

sXm-gn-em-fn-h¿-§ ap-t∂-‰-hp-am-

bn A-t -̀Zy-am-bn _-‘-s∏-́ v h-

\n-X-I-fp-sS ap-t∂-‰w h-f¿-Øn-

sb-Sp-°-W-sa-∂pw an-\n sI.^n-

en-∏v B-lzm-\w sN-bv-Xp.

B-K-Ãv 30\v \-S-∂ {]-Xn-

\n-[n k-tΩ-f-\w k-Po-h-am-b

N¿-®-Iƒ-°v th-Zn-bm-bn. Pn.e-

fn-X {]-kn-U‚pw Fw.tX-tPm-

h-Xn sk-{I-́ -dn-bp-am-bn 25 Aw-

K kw-ÿm-\ Iu¨-kn-en-\v

k-tΩ-f-\w cq-]w-\¬-In.

FsF-Fw-F-kvF-kvB{‘m{]tZiv kwÿm-\ k-tΩf\w

tI-c-f kw-ÿm-\P-\-Io-b {]-Xn-tcm-[

k-an-Xn tIm-´-bw Pn-√mI-Ωn-‰n- 2019 B-K-Ãv 25\v "Im-iv-ao¿: {]-iv-\-hpw]-cn-lm-c-hpw' F-∂ hn-j-b-Øn¬ tIm´bwPn.F-kv.]-fl-Ip-am¿

`-h-\n¬ kw-L-Sn-∏n-®N¿-®-bn¬

tUm.sI.Fw.ko-Xnap-Jy{]-`m-j-Ww

\-S-Øp-∂p

\n-b-a-k-`-bn¬-t]m-epw

N¿-® sN-øm-sX Hm¿-Un-\≥-

kn-eq-sS Jm-Z¿ I-Ωn-‰n dn-

t∏m¿-́ v \-S-∏n-em-°m-\p-≈ ]n-

W-dm-bn hn-P-b≥ k¿-°m-cn-

s‚ Xo-cp-am-\w A-tß-b-‰w P-

\m-[n-]-Xy-hn-cp-≤-am-Wv.

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ s]m-Xp-hn-

Zym-`ym-k- L-S-\-bn-epw D-≈-

S-°-Øn-epw k-aq-e-hpw A-]-

I-S-I-c-hp-am-b am-‰-ßƒ \n¿-

tZ-in-°p-∂ dn-t∏m¿-´m-Wn-Xv.

hn-Zym-`ym-k A-h-Im-i \n-b-

aw \n-jv-I¿-jn-°pw-{]-Im-cw ]-

cn-jv-I-c-Ww \n¿-tZ-in-°-W-

sa-∂ t]-cn-em-Wv I-Ωn-‰n-sb

\n-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. s]m-Xp-hn-Zym-

`ym-k-Øn-s‚ km-º-Øn-I-

apƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ Np-a-X-e-Iƒ

{I-ta-W ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw P-\-

ßƒ-°p-ta¬ sI-´-n-sh-bv-°p-

I F-∂-Xm-Wv hn-Zym-`ym-k

A-h-Im-i \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ A-

Sn-ÿm-\ e-£yw. C-X-\p-k-

cn-®v ss{]-a-dn hn-Zym-`ym-k

ÿm-]-\-ßƒ {Km-a-∏-©m-b-

Øp-Iƒ-°pw sk-°‚-dn hn-

Zym-`ym-k ÿm-]-\-ßƒ Pn-

√m ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°pw \n-

b-a-{]-Im-cw-X-s∂ ssI-am-‰w

sN-ø-s∏-´n-´p-ap-≠v. F-∂m¬

tI-c-f-Øn¬ C-Xp-h-sc A-Xn-

\p-X-Ip-∂ a-‰v L-S-\m-]-cn-jv-

Im-c-ßƒ \-S-∂n-cp-∂n-√.

-̀c-W-]-c-am-b ta¬-t\m-́ w

H-‰ U-b-d-Iv-‰-td-‰n¬ tI-{μo-

I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v a-‰v D-Ø-c-hm-

Zn-Xz-ßƒ ]-cn-]q¿-Æ-am-bn hn-

tI-{μo-I-cn-°m-\p-≈ \n¿-tZ-i-

ß-fm-Wv Jm-Z¿ I-Ωn-‰n ap-

t∂m-´p-sh-®n-´p-≈-Xv. s]m-Xp-

hn-Zym-`ym-k-sØ X-I¿-°p-I

F-∂ tem-I-_m-¶n-s‚ Xm-ev-

]-cyw \-S-∏n-em-°p-I-X-s∂-bm-

Wv dn-t∏m¿-´pw e-£yw-sh-bv-

°p-∂-Xv. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂

dn-t∏m¿-´n-s\-Xn-sc i-‡-am-b

{]-Xn-tj-[w D-b¿-∂p-h-cn-I-bpw

sN-bv-Xp. Cu {]-Xn-tj-[-ß-

sf a-dn-I-S-°m-\m-Wv \n-b-a-k-

-̀bn¬ N¿-® sN-øp-I F-∂

Hu-]-Nm-cn-I-am-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy

{]-{In-b-bv-°p-t]m-epw X-øm-dm-

Im-sX Hm¿-Un-\≥-kn-eq-sS dn-

t∏m¿-́ v \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xv.

tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ hn-Zym-̀ ym-k

`m-hn-sb A-]-I-S-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂

Cu \-S-]-Sn-sb i-‡-am-b hn-

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