2019 – 2020 released items repository item answer key …dna and rna, “provides protection for...
TRANSCRIPT
2019 – 2020
RELEASED ITEMS REPOSITORY ITEM ANSWER KEYBIOLOGY
Copyright © 2019 by Indiana Department of Education
2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring Guide Page 3
ContentsILEARN Biology Item Answer Key 5ILEARN Biology Performance Task Item Answer Key 19
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ILEARN Biology Item Answer Key
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Which is MOST responsible for genetic variation?
A cloning
B budding
C mutation
D metamorphosis
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key1 2 B.5.5 C
A parent cell has two pairs of homologous chromosomes. The cell's genotype is AaTtBbRr.
If this cell undergoes mitosis, which statement BEST describes the genetic makeup of a daughter cell?
A The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be AtBR.
B The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be AaTtBbRr.
C The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be either AtBR, aTbr, Atbr, or atBR.
D The genetic makeup of the daughter cell would be either AAttBBRR, aaTTbbrr,AAttbbrr, or aaTTBBRR.
2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring GuidePage 8
Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key2 2 B.4.4 B
Human DNA contains codes for many proteins that are also coded for in the DNA of many other types of organisms.
Which statement is BEST supported by this information?
A Organisms each have their own genetic information for producing proteins.
B Organisms with many similar proteins changed over time to produce more of the same species.
C Organisms with the fewest number of similar proteins are more likely to have a recent common ancestor.
D Organisms with the greatest number of similar proteins are more likely to have a recent common ancestor.
2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring Guide Page 9
Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key3 2 B.5.2 D
Place the labels in the blank boxes to complete the model of the process of photosynthesis.
• There may be more than one correct response.• Each label can only be used once.
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key
4 2 B.2.1
For 1 point: “Carbon Dioxide”, “Water” and “Light” are placed in boxes that indicate those components are taken in by the plantAND“Oxygen” and “Sugar” are placed in boxes that indicate those components are produced by the plant NOTE: “Oxygen,” “Sugar,” and “Water” must be placed in exactly the correct box but “Light” and “Carbon Dioxide” may be reversed.
The diagram shows two structures that are found in a cell.
Which statement BEST describes the relationship between Structure A and Structure B?
A Structure B is a condensed version of Structure A.
B Structure A is a condensed version of Structure B.
C Structure B contains instructions for making proteins, whereas Structure A contains instructions for making DNA.
D Structure A stores genetic information in the nucleus, whereas Structure B carries genetic information to the cytoplasm.
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key5 2 B.4.1 B
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key
6 3 B.5.3
For 4 points: The student states that there was a disadvantage to having a light coat in Environment 1, such as the light coat made it easier for predators to see the mammals; ANDThe student states that since the mammals with a light coat were less likely to survive and have offspring, the alleles/genes for light coats became less frequent in the population;ANDThe student states that coat color within the Environment 1 population changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a range of medium to dark coats;ANDThe student states that coat color within the Environment 2 population changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a narrow range of medium-colored coats.
The graphs show how the coat color within two populations of the same small mammal living in different environments changed overtime.
Describe what happened to the coat color of the mammals in Environment 1 as its population evolved.
The population in Environment 1 changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a range of medium to dark coats.
Describe what happened to the coat color of the mammals in Environment 2 as its population evolved.
The population in Environment 2 changed from having a range of light to dark coats to having a narrow range of medium-colored coats.
Give the MOST LIKELY reason why the coat color of the mammals changed in Environment 1.
There was a disadvantage to having a light coat in Environment 1, such as the light coat made it easier for predators to see the mammals.
Describe how the number of alleles for light coats changed over time in Environment 1 and what caused this change.
The alleles for light coats became less frequent in the population over time because mammals with a coat were less likely to survive and have offspring.
Environment 1 Environment 2
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
A scientist noticed a difference in mRNA sequences from two different organisms belonging to the same species. The mRNA sequences were transcribed from the same gene.
mRNA Codon Chart
Second Base in Codon
Firs
t Bas
e in
Cod
on
U C A G
UUUU uuc UUA UUG
Phe
Leu
UCUUCCUCAUCG
Ser
UAU UAC_ UAA UAG
Tyr
StopStop
UGUUGCUGAUGG
Cys
StopTrp
UCAG
CCUU cuc CUA CUG
Leu
ccuCCCCCACCG
Pro
CAUCAC CAA CAG
His
Gin
CGUCGCCGACGG
Arg
UCAG
A
AUU AUC AUA AUG
He
Met or Start
ACUACCACAACG
Thr
AAUAACAAAAAG
Asn
Lys
AGU AGC AGA AGG
Ser
Arg
UCAG
G
GUUGUCGUAGUG
Val
GCUGCCGCAGCG
Ala
GAUGACGAAGAG
Asp
Glu
GGUGGCGGAGGG
Gly
UCAG
Third
Bas
e in
Cod
on
Organism 1 mRNA: AUG-GUC-AAC-CAT-UCA-UGA
Organism 2 mRNA: AUG-GUC-AAU-CAT-UCA-UGA
Which statement BEST explains how the shape of the proteins produced from the two mRNA sequences compare with each other?
A The shape of the proteins will be different because the mRNA sequences are not identical.
B The shape of the proteins will be different because the mRNA were produced by distinct organisms.
C The shape of the proteins will be the same because the proteins come from one species of organism.
D The shape of the proteins will be the same because the proteins contain identical sequences of amino acids.
2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring GuidePage 14
Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key7 3 B.4.3 D
Move one word into each blank box to describe the path from DNA to protein production.
A DNA strand is unzipped and is transcribed into ; mRNA i. That template is then
translated into codons, which are sets of three bases that code for a(n) amino acid .
They are then linked together, forming a long chain that forms the protein.
Place the correct choice into each blank box.
mRNA tRNA nucleotide amino acid rRNA anticodon
2019–2020 Released Items Repository Scoring Guide Page 15
Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key
8 2 B.4.3
For this item, a full-credit response includes:“mRNA” in the first blankAND
“amino acid” in the second blank
Lactose and sucrose are both disaccharides, as shown in the following diagram.
Lactase is an enzyme that helps break down lactose into glucose and galactose. The reaction is shown below.
Which statement BEST describes whether lactase can help break down sucrose into glucose and fructose?
A Lactase can help break down sucrose because sucrose is a disaccharide.
B Lactase can help break down sucrose because sucrose contains glucose.
C Lactase cannot help break down sucrose because sucrose can break down without an enzyme.
D Lactase cannot help break down sucrose because the shape of sucrose does not match the shape of lactase.
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key9 2 B.1.2 D
Which information do scientists use to classify organisms into taxonomic categories? Select ALL that apply.
□ dietary requirements
□ anatomical features
□ molecular evidence
□ acquired behaviors
□ preferred biome
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key10 2 B.5.1 B, C
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ILEARN BiologyPerformance Task Item Answer Key
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Item DOK Standard(s) Key
Performance Task 3 SEPS.2
A full credit (12 points) response includes: Part A (for 2 points): Student selected “Amino acid” for Casein, Enzyme, and Flagella; “Carbohydrate” for Lactose, “Nucleotide” for DNA and RNA, “Fatty acid” for Cell membrane ANDStudent selected “provides building material for the cell” or “a structural component of the cell” for Casein, “a source of energy” for Lactose, “Speeds up rate of a chemical reaction” for Enzyme, “a structural component of the cell” for Flagella, “holds hereditary information” for DNA and RNA, “provides protection for the cell” for Cell membrane
Part B (for 2 points):Student selected the correct depiction of the casein substrateANDStudent selected the correct depiction of the casein-enzyme reaction products
Part C (for 3 points):Student ran 3 trials where they held the temperature and substrate concentration constant, and varied the pH ANDStudent ran 3 trials where they held the substrate concentration and pH constant, and varied the temperature ANDStudent ran 3 trials where they held the temperature and pH constant, and varied the substrate concentration
Part D (for 3 points):Student selected “increased then decreased” and “Active site changed” for pHANDStudent selected “increased then decreased” and “Active site changed” for temperatureANDStudent selected “increased then stabilized” and “All active sites were filled” for substrate concentration
Part E (for 2 points):Student included in their answer that the pH and substrate concentration would have no role in the rate of reaction if lactose was used because the enzyme is substrate specific, and the shape of the molecule determines its function or role in the bacteria cell
Part A
Click on each box to identify the monomer that makes up the macromolecule in each cell component or molecule.
Then, identify the function of the macromolecule for each cell component or molecule.
Cell Component or Molecule
Monomer Function
Casein Amino acid provides building material for the cell
Lactose Carbohydrate a source of energy
Enzyme Amino acid speeds up rate of a chemical reaction
Flagella Amino acid a structural component of the cell
DNA and RNA Nucleotide holds hereditary information
Cell membrane Fatty acid provides protection for the cell
Part BSelect two depictions of the enzyme-substrate complex that could be used to model how the bacteria breaks down casein.
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Part DClick on each box to describe the effect of each variable from part C on the rate of the enzyme reaction, as that variable increases.
Then, select the probable effect changing the variable had on the molecules in the enzyme reaction.
VariableRate of
ReactionProbable Effect on
the Molecule
pH Increased then decreased Active site changed
Temperature Increased then decreased Active site changed
Substrateconcentration
Increased then stabilized All active sites were filled
Part CUse the simulation to test the effect of pH, temperature, measured in degrees Celsius (°C), and casein substrate concentration on the rate of the enzyme reaction. To run the simulation, make a selection for each input, then click Run.
• You will be limited to nine trials.• Click on the trash can icon to delete a trial.
pHTemperature
Substrate Concentration
7
40
Low
Run
Trial pH Temperature (°C) Substrate Concentration Rate of Reaction (%)
1 5 10 Medium 30
2 7 10 Medium 40
3 9 10 Medium 0
4 7 40 Medium 100
5 7 55 Medium 0
6 7 40 High 100
7 7 40 Low 90
8 7 40 Medium 100
9 7 40 High 100
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
Part EDescribe what effect the tested variables would have on the rate of reaction if lactose were used instead of casein.
Then, explain why the secreted enzyme from the bacteria interacts with casein and not lactose.
Type your response into the box.
If lactose was used instead of casein, pH and substrate concentration would have no role in the rate of reaction because the enzyme is substrate specific, meaning the enzyme's active site would not allow lactose to bind to it.
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Indiana Department of Education ILEARN Biology Item Key – Grade 10
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